what are the functions of euglenas?
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Search in your text book please.
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Cytoplasm is the area within the cell inside the plasma membrane (the membrane separate the cell to others) and outside the nucleus (the region contaning genetic materials DNA). Cytoplasm contains many internal organelles (internal structures) that are necessary for cell's functions.\nINternal organelles: Ribosome (needed to make proteins), Golgi complex, lysosomes (digest defective materials in cells, only found in animal cells),Endoplastic Reticulum (2 types: rough with ribosome attached and smooth without ribosome), central vacuole (store H2O, toxins, pigments, waste), Mitochondria (use to make energy for cell, mostly from glucose), chloroplast (needed for photosynthesis in plant cells only),cytoskeleton (connect organelles to each other and membrane, control cell movement, cilia and flagella (cell movements inside an organism).
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1."If the cell is disturbed, one can observe the discharge of the outer coating of trichocysts. These spine-like structures, analogous to nematocysts (the stinging cells of jellyfish), can fire out from the cell in a fraction of a second at the slightest physical or chemical stimulus. Discharged trichocysts may remain attached at their base; until they detach, the cell resembles a disheveled porcupine. The exact function of trichocysts is not known but it is thought they may be used for capturing prey"\n\n1."Upon mechanical or chemical stimulation, these trichocysts can be discharged (as shown on the model) to produce long, sticky protein threads that remain attached to the organism.  It is believed that these structures can be used for defense."\n\n\n2."The paramecium moves by swimming. For the paramecium to move forward the cilia beat on an angle, backward. This means that the paramecium moves by spiralling through the water on an invisible axis. For the paramecium to move backward, the cilia simply beat forward on an angle. If the paramecium should run into a solid object the cilia change direction and beat forward, causing the paramecium to go backward. The paramecium turns slightly and goes forward again. If it runs into the solid object again it will repeat this process until it can get past the object. "
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The protist needs to maintain homeostasis, the balance in the body, in order to live. Diffusion and Osmosis acheive this by allowing nutrientrs to come in and wastes to leave.
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That question would require an essay to answer fully.\n\nSome protists, such as kelp, are get energy by photosynthesis.\n\nSome protists, such as Amoeba, get energy by endocytosis.\n\nSome protists, such as Entomoeba, gete energy by direst absorption.\n\nAnd so on and so forth. There are hundreds of thousands of species of protists and they use every conceivable method of obtaining energy.
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When water enters the cell..it must be regulated or the cell will...em...explode...these vacuoles help the paramecium to send out extra water...
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Please see this link for the nephron loop/modules: \nhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nephron&#92;\nIt would take too long to describe the functions here otherwise.
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Lol. I did this for homework once. Ok ok ok. I'll help yah out since i'm a pretty cool chickk. I'm not going to spend all day rewording these for you so you're going to have to do that part yourself, k?♥\n\nMitochondria: \nMitochondria are the cells' power sources. They are distinct organelles with two membranes. Usually they are rod-shaped, however they can be round. The outer membrane limits the organelle. The inner membrane is thrown into folds or shelves that project inward. These are called "cristae mitochondriales".\n\nChloroplast:\nA green structure, or organelle, contained in the cytoplasm of plant cells. Chloroplasts are reponsible for the green color of almost all plants and are lacking only in plants that do not make their own food, such as fungi and nongreen parasitic or saprophytic higher plants. The chloroplast is generally flattened and lens-shaped and consists of a body, or stroma, in which are embedded from a few to as many as 50 submicroscopic bodies–the grana–made up of stacked, disklike plates. The chloroplast contains chlorophyll pigments, as well as yellow and orange carotenoid pigments. Chloroplasts are thus the central site of the photosynthetic process in plants. The chloroplasts of algae are simpler than those of higher plants and may contain special, often conspicuous, starch-accumulating structures called pyrenoids.\n\nGolgi Apparatus:\nThe Golgi apparatus (also called a Golgi body, Golgi complex, or dictyosome) is an organelle found in most eukaryotic cells, including those of plants, animals, and fungi. The name comes from Italian anatomist Camillo Golgi, who identified it in 1898. The primary function of the Golgi apparatus is to process proteins targeted to the plasma membrane, lysosomes or endosomes, and those that will be formed from the cell, and sort them within vesicles. Thus, it functions as a central delivery system for the cell. It is part of the endomembrane system.\n\nRough&Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum:\nThe endoplasmic reticulum or ER (endoplasmic means "within the cytoplasm," reticulum means "little net") is an organelle found in all eukaryotic cells. It is part of the endomembrane system. The ER modifies proteins, makes macromolecules, and transfers substances throughout the cell. Prokaryotic organisms do not have membranous organelles and thus do not have an ER. The basic structure and composition of the ER is similar to the plasma membrane, although it is actually an extension of the nuclear membrane. The ER is the site of the translation, folding, and transport of proteins that are to become part of the cell membrane (e.g., transmembrane receptors and other integral membrane proteins) as well as proteins that are to be secreted or "exocytosed" from the cell (e.g., digestive enzymes).\n\n*The ER consists of an extensive membrane network of tubes and cisternae (sac-like structures) held together by the cytoskeleton.\n\nRough ER:\nThe rough ER, also called granular ER or ergastoplasm (acronyms rER or gER) manufactures and transports proteins destined for membranes and secretion. It is called "rough" because ribosomes present on the cytosolic side of the membrane give it a rough appearance.\n\nSmooth ER:\nThe smooth ER (also known as agranular ER or aER) has functions in several metabolic processes, including synthesis of lipids, metabolism of carbohydrates, and detoxification of drugs and poisons. Enzymes of the smooth ER are important to the synthesis of lipids, including phospholipids and steroids. Among the steroids produced by smooth ER are the sex hormones of vertebrates and the various steroid hormones secreted by the adrenal glands. The cells that actually synthesize and secrete these hormones - in the testes and ovaries, for example - are rich in the smooth ER.\n\nRibosomes:\nRibosomes are responsible for assembling the proteins of the cell. Ribosomal subunits are synthesized by the nucleolus. Depend
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the functions are:\nmRNA: Carries information and goest to ribosomes\ntRNA: Goes to the cytoplassm and picks up the amino acids\nrRNA: Makes the ribosomes
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Flagella and cilia allow the cell to move around.  Flagella spins around like a helicopter blade allowing propusion, and the cilia are like little hairs all over the cell and beat in unison.  Cilia can also be used to direct the flow of food into the gullet.
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Homeostasis.\n\nFor more specifics about plants look at the bottom of the second source.
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Different species of Euglena react a little differently to changing conditions.  I do not have web sites but rather some experience with several species.\n\nContraction is a reaction to stress.  The idea is to limit the surface area (become more like a sphere).  Many chemicals and even physical conditions can cause contraction.  Try putting a few (otherwise normal specimens) in the refrigerator to see pure contraction.\n\nThe the stress is long term, the individual will become dormant.  The shape is usually contracted, but in addition the cell wall is modified.  This is the cyst form.  You can actually see the wall thickening under a microscope.\n\nYour hypothesis and test seems sound.  Have you thought about a pure deionized water comparison?\n\nThere is not much to the care and feeding of Euglena.  I have raised some with pure water and a pinch of plant fertilizer (Miracle Grow) in strong light.  This works well.  I used a small fish tank with a grow lamp.  A goldfish bowl will work.  Wild algae will compete.\n\nYou can lessen the wild algae by using water with a few grains of cooked brown rice added.  There is not much minerals for the algae, but the rice seems to contain everything that the Euglena need.\n\nI have also used mud-puddle water and "fed" them ground up goldfish food flakes.  This with mixed results.\n\nKeeping the water warm, but not hot helps reproduction.
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Chromosones record genetic information. And aren't even organelles, they're part of the nucleus. ---> X\nNucleus ----> X\n\nMitochondria turn sugar into AtP (energy).\nChlorpasts store solar energy in the form of sugar.\n\nMitochondria function whenever oxygen is present and sugar is available.\nChloroplasts whenever CO2 and sun-light are available.
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if you're talking about plant cells, then it is for photosynthesis, the plant's way of making food. This is how it works.\n\nthe plant takes in carbon dioxide, water, and light. These are processed in the cell's chloroplasts and food is produced. The by-products of photosynthesis are sucrose (sugar) and oxygen, which is why we depend on rain forests and plants to give us a continuous supply of oxygen. In goes CO2 and out comes Oxygen!!
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since in multicellular organisms, the different functions are undertaken by different organs or tissues(as per the level of organism) the functions are more efficient\nsecond is the sexual reproduction
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the end of a cell. It is used for locomotion of the cell
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I think you're off...sorry. Caffeine accelerates metabolism of animals that have nervous system. It doesn't affect the cells, it affects the nervous system that controls the metabolic rate of, for example, mammals. It works pretty much teh same way as adrenaline.\nOn the other hand, euglena cysts don't have reduce metabolic rate: the dont have ANY metabolism going on. They're just a mass of molecules disposed in a perfect way that when triggered by the environmental condition, they start  working. Like a car motor. To do this, the euglena must in fact be very metabolically active in order to produce a lot of stuff and make a lot of changes to prepare for cysting. The stimuly are very specific: water and glucose. (and lack of water or glucose to form teh cyst). So i doubt that caffeine will affect, unless you put so much into the water that it becomes a poison, in which condition it may form a cyst (not by affecting the metabolic rate though)\nYou migh want to rethink your project and try to find out how much caffeine is pisonous for euglena and can it form cyst to protect itsefl from this condition?\nThe other thing about working with petri dishes: If it's a solid medium, nutrients will probably drop dow very fast, in which condition the euglena will form cysts. You won't be able to know how much the lack of nutrients made it unvulnerable to caffeine. Try to use a system that is more stable, like liquid medium, in which you can somehow trigger a cyst forming event. That way you will have more control.\nGood luck