What are the blood chemistry changes during a marathon?
553182
Blood sugar drops until you run out of glucose.  Then glycogen is utilized, from the liver and the muscles.  Fat is also begun to breakdown for energy usage.  Anaerobic respiration can occur but not for long (maybe 0.5 min or 1 min).  It's just not efficient to go that hard for a long time; your muscles can't handle it.  I'd say most of the change has to do with energy sources and hydration levels.
275170
Hey, I run the mile as well. Usually, the night before a meet I eat a light meal, such as pasta, and a salad. Also, I drink ALOT of water. The morning before, a really great breakfast is oatmeal, a bagel with cream cheese, maybe some toast with peanut butter, and a banana. Also, keep on chugging the water, even if you aren't thirsty, it really makes a difference. Depending on the time of your meet, you may want to limit the total amount of food you eat, but remember, the more you eat, the more energy you will have. If you aren't running until the afternoon, feel free to eat as much as want. Just stay away from fatty or salty foods. Water, water, water! Good luck to you!
203912
It would definitely be unhealthy to exercise that much -- that's like running 35 miles a day!  In running a marathon (26.2 miles), athletes generally "hit the wall" at around mile 22 -- that's because the body can only store about 2,200 calories worth of glycogen for energy.  People eat during races in order to have their glycogen replenished.  But it would defnitely be unhealthy to stay in such a glycogen-depleted state, and you'd have a massive buildup of the stress hormone cortisol -- which, oddly enough, causes the body to store fat.  Having too much cortisol would probably reduce the calorie burn too.  Interesting question though.
420891
option e is correct\nBerkeley -- In the lore of marathoners and extreme athletes, lactic acid is poison, a waste product that builds up in the muscles and leads to muscle fatigue, reduced performance and pain. \n\nSome 30 years of research at the University of California, Berkeley, however, tells a different story: Lactic acid can be your friend. \n\nCoaches and athletes don't realize it, says exercise physiologist George Brooks, UC Berkeley professor of integrative biology, but endurance training teaches the body to efficiently use lactic acid as a source of fuel on par with the carbohydrates stored in muscle tissue and the sugar in blood. Efficient use of lactic acid, or lactate, not only prevents lactate build-up, but ekes out more energy from the body's fuel. \n\nIn a paper in press for the American Journal of Physiology - Endocrinology and Metabolism, published online in January, Brooks and colleagues Takeshi Hashimoto and Rajaa Hussien in UC Berkeley's Exercise Physiology Laboratory add one of the last puzzle pieces to the lactate story and also link for the first time two metabolic cycles - oxygen-based aerobic metabolism and oxygen-free anaerobic metabolism - previously thought distinct. \n\n"This is a fundamental change in how people think about metabolism," Brooks said. "This shows us how lactate is the link between oxidative and glycolytic, or anaerobic, metabolism." \n\nHe and his UC Berkeley colleagues found that muscle cells use carbohydrates anaerobically for energy, producing lactate as a byproduct, but then burn the lactate with oxygen to create far more energy. The first process, called the glycolytic pathway, dominates during normal exertion, and the lactate seeps out of the muscle cells into the blood to be used elsewhere. During intense exercise, however, the second ramps up to oxidatively remove the rapidly accumulating lactate and create more energy. \n\nTraining helps people get rid of the lactic acid before it can build to the point where it causes muscle fatigue, and at the cellular level, Brooks said, training means growing the mitochondria in muscle cells. The mitochondria - often called the powerhouse of the cell - is where lactate is burned for energy. \n\n"The world's best athletes stay competitive by interval training," Brooks said, referring to repeated short, but intense, bouts of exercise. "The intense exercise generates big lactate loads, and the body adapts by building up mitochondria to clear lactic acid quickly. If you use it up, it doesn't accumulate." \n\nTo move, muscles need energy in the form of ATP, adenosine triphosphate. Most people think glucose, a sugar, supplies this energy, but during intense exercise, it's too little and too slow as an energy source, forcing muscles to rely on glycogen, a carbohydrate stored inside muscle cells. For both fuels, the basic chemical reactions producing ATP and generating lactate comprise the glycolytic pathway, often called anaerobic metabolism because no oxygen is needed. This pathway was thought to be separate from the oxygen-based oxidative pathway, sometimes called aerobic metabolism, used to burn lactate and other fuels in the body's tissues. \n\nExperiments with dead frogs in the 1920s seemed to show that lactate build-up eventually causes muscles to stop working. But Brooks in the 1980s and '90s showed that in living, breathing animals, the lactate moves out of muscle cells into the blood and travels to various organs, including the liver, where it is burned with oxygen to make ATP. The heart even prefers lactate as a fuel, Brooks found. \n\nBrooks always suspected, however, that the muscle cell itself could reuse lactate, and in experiments over the past 10 years he found evidence that lactate is burned inside the mitochondria, an interconnected network of tubes, like a plumbing system, that reaches throughout the cell cytoplasm. \n\nIn 1999, for example, he showed t
37482
After.\n\nWhen you eat before, more blood will be directed to your intestant, less will be available to supply your muscles with energy and your brain will get even less oxygen than in the workout situation in the first place.
1001773
Here are some tips for you.  The other posters had good suggestions when they said to either run early in the day or later in the evening.  This is an excerpt of an article whose link I'm providing below.  There was also an interesting part about how runners can actually acclimate their bodies to the heat after 7-10 days.\n\nTo run safely in the heat, you must enable your body to dissipate the extra heat. First and foremost, avoid dehydration. When you run, you lose 3 to 5 cups of fluids per hour. This results in a smaller blood volume, with a lower capacity to carry heat to the skin. Thirst is a poor indicator of the body's need for water. Runners should drink water all the time, at least one gallon every day. A colorless urine is a good sign of adequate hydration. \n\nWhen running, drink a cup of water every 15 to 20 minutes.  Carry water on long runs, or plan to pass by public parks and schools that have water fountains. It also pays to know your neighbors. Many friendly neighbors leave water hoses outside for runners' use. You may also place water bottles on the course before the run, as long as you pick them up afterwards. \n\nOn hot and humid days, run early in the morning. Run in the shade when possible. Avoid direct sun light and blacktop surfaces. Wooded trails serve both purposes, and offer a change of scenery and relief from the pounding on the roads. \n\nWear loose-fitting and lightly colored clothes. The loose fit allows air to circulate and cool your skin. The light color reflects the sun. Never wear plastic or nylon sweat suits; they are dangerous. A hat, a sunscreen and sunglasses provide added protection from the sun's harmful rays.
48066
Don't even think about carbo loading.  It may be of some value in running very long distances such as a marathon, but for short runs of a few miles, even 10 miles don't require any special diets.  Just make sure you eat some carbs.
1039120
no because it is in the blood stream which would mean it is diluting the number of blood cells which carry oxygen which is needed if you are an athlete.
422699
Fish are high protein low in fat, tuna, tofu, beans, GREEN veggies\n\nCarbo-Loading\nDefinition: Eating high-carbohydrate meals such as pasta in the three days before a long distance walk or run. This brings the glycogen level in your tissues to its maximum so you have more available during the run or walk. This method has largely been abandoned by marathoners as further research shows that exercised muscle maintains maximum glycogen levels without carboloading. Carboloading also results in bloating and weight gain which are unwanted on race day.
997060
most brand vitamins are o.k. just check to make sure that you are taking them at the right time of day\nmake sure your not getting to much of a vitamin such as vitamins a or k which have serious side effects in excess\nalso check the solublity of vitamins,absorption(fast,slow) etc.\nhigh endurance or marathon runners need to be more careful as the very sports they are involved in can cause problems with thier bodies other than just vitamin defiecencies such as with women high stress exercise can put enough stress on you to make you temporarily amenoric,loss of calcium stress fractures \nthis inculdes men as well you should look into consulting a sports medicine professional and/or a nutritionist
138286
yes!\n\nhttp://www.medhelp.org/perl6/cardio/archive/14037.html\n\na number of ailments cause it. However you can get it to 50-60 or so with it being normal if you're an avid runner.
1167943
I don't exactly understand your question..... but from what I do understand it sounds like you need eat protien bars or shakes before you run. Also don't dehydrate youself, drink lots of water.
990187
I have been a cross country runner since my freshman year of high school, and one thing I've learned from coaches is that you don't need to put anything into your body that is unnatural...that includes vitamins and aspirins... Of course this is my opinion, but eating a good mixture of whole grain breads, fruits and vegetables will carry you all the way.\n\nThe only reason that you should need supplementary vitamins is if you have food allergies which prevent you from eating all of the good vegetables (carrots, tomatoes, spinach or other leafy dark greens, etc.)...\n\nAlso, depending on the solubility of the vitamins you are using, they could be harmful...if they are fat soluble and you don't need them (or have little body fat in which they can dissolve) these will build up and some can cause poisoning...\nif they are water soluble and you don't need them in your body because you already have a good diet, they will get flushed out of your body when you sweat, or pee...this is how the body keeps a balance.\n\nIf you want to see if they are really helping maybe ask for a blood analysis, then stop taking the vitamins and ask for another one maybe two weeks later to see if there is a significant difference. Going to the doctor will also tell you if any of your levels of vitamins are too high.\n\npeace out .
165829
Eat a little more slow-releasing carbos in the morning like oat meal, drink more water say 3-4 Litre a day if you are male and around 3 Litre female, including 200 ml of sports drink after jogging (8 glasses of water - 8x220 ml - a day in fact is not enough for an average adult male of medium built)
788169
eats carbs the night before. This includes pasta, bread. also consume some lean protein suchas turkey or chicken. Hydrate well with watare only. the day of the race follow this eating shedule (if not in the morning) eat a good breakfast sucha as cereal with a bannana and some more elean protein. As well as hydrate. Then 3 hrs on the dot before the race eat a turkey snadwich with 1 slice of lettuce. As well as hydrate. An 1hr and a half before the race begin warmup and eat an bannana. Then 1 hr before eat 1 energy bar as well as drink a power drinksuch as gatorade or adrenalean (To refuel elecctrolites) Remeber eating to little is jsut as detrimental as eating to much. with this eating scehdule you will ahve the surge in your last mile\ngood luck
880484
Drink plenty of water and don't smoke cigarettes (the worst for blood flow)or drink alcohol. Also Aerobic exercise will make your lungs better able to get oxygen into the bloodstream.
1098006
the story goes that running increases your heart rate thereby increasing blood flow throught the body to remove or move lactic acid through the body to reduce soreness. whether or not this is true i'm not sure. but do a search on wikipedia there is a ton of info and external links that can answer this