When, Where and Why was Ecstasy invented?
547101
In addition to MDMA, there are other homologues of the drug, the most widely known and socially used of which is MDA.  MDA was a legal drug until 1971-72 (the Feds screwed up the first law, and had to re-do it.)  MDA gives one the exact same effects as MDMA, only for a few hours instead of all night.  It was very popular as a recreational drug of choice both for the psychedelic crowd and the party-hardies of the 60's and 70's.  MDA was dubbed "the love drug" because it made you feel like you loved everything and everyone.  You could always tell someone was high on MDA by the s**t-eating grin on his or her face.  MDA was also called the love drug, because it imparted a tremendous physical high and euphoria that felt like an unending orgasm, and MDA likewise was called the love drug because sex on MDA was usually mind-blowing, incredible.  \n\nA North Carolina doctor had extensive rights to use MDA in his research through Baptist Hospital in Winston-Salem, NC.  Dr. Thomas Hosicke became a legendary figure in the NC psychedelic scene after he began to freely dispense MDA to people outside of the research lab.  In the early 1970's, he was widely known to countless scores of people who took to calling him "Uncle Tom."  For years, MDA quality was compared to Uncle Tom quality.  Eventually, he was shut down by the Feds, although never prosecuted for MDA distribution.  In fact, most of the time he was handing out MDA to friends the drug was still legal. Still, he lost his permissions to conduct research, and that was the end of that. \n\nIn the early 70's, MDMA began to appear in the recreational drug scene.  There was a lot of negative press and outright propaganda when it became more widespread, including tales of people who "took one-way trips and never came back" - a fabricated scare story.\n\nSome of my early collegiate level research centered on the the psychedelic movement.  While mostly centered on the early 60's LSD users and culture, to a lesser extent the wave of MDA use in NC was equally interesting.  \n\nOf note in both cases, both LSD and MDA showed great promise in psychopharmacological treatments, especially in the treatment and understanding of schizophrenia, but also in other psychological disorders.\n\nThe late R.D. Laing, MD, PhD, a noted British psychiatrist\nadvanced research in alternative approaches to schizophrenia through the use of LSD.  Dr. Thomas Hosicke of the US did much the same with MDA.\n\nSadly, the Feds ended all medical research with either drug by placing them in the most controlled drug schedule which prohibits any legal use whatsoever.
939154
There is a madsci article about this question at: http://www.madsci.org/posts/archives/feb98/888691550.Ph.r.html\n\nHope that helps...the site discusses the hypothesized origins...
816190
This is for your next dance party, especially if you're taking your pet rat. Researchers in Sydney have tried – in rats - to see what happens when you give them ecstasy with other drugs.\n\nAlthough ecstasy is an amphetamine, people still take it along with methamphetamine – one of whose names is Ice. Methamphetamine can cause dependence and even psychosis and people have been known to buy what they thought were ecstasy tablets but actually contained methamphetamine.\n\nRats given both ecstasy and methamphetamine were more likely to develop a high body temperature – a serious side effect of ecstasy. The rats' brains were also more depleted of a brain transmitter called serotonin.\n\nThe researchers also gave the rats ecstasy plus THC - a chemical in cannabis. They found that when ecstasy was combined with very high doses of THC, the rise in temperature was lower as was the reduction in brain serotonin. But the doses were much higher than normal use.\n\nThe questions are whether these findings are applicable to humans.\n\nGiven the risks with methamphetamine and not knowing what's in a tablet, the safest option is to get your kicks another way. Like an evening in front of the tellie with a cup of tea. Just the job for adolescents eh?
890623
Dr. James Naismith invented it.\n\nGeorge Mikan was the star who helped popularize it
1152788
Where it started.  In England
15889
Condoms function as a method of contraception and sexually transmitted disease prevention. But few know the details of their evolution from linen pouch to liquid latex.\n\nCondoms are not a modern invention. These ancient contraceptives have been in use since the Egyptians first farmed with the rise and fall of the Nile way back in 1000 BC.\n\nEarly condoms were constructed of materials such as linen or goat's gut, and were used in Europe as a means of combating sexually transmitted diseases such as syphilis.\n\nIn the Orient, the Japanese used thin leather and tortoise shell to fashion their contraceptives. The different varieties were known as the “Kawagata” or the “Kyotai,” the latter most likely the more painful of the two.\n\nThe Chinese tried to avoid infection by wrapping oiled silk paper around the penis, while Romans used tampons dipped in herbs and condoms made of goat's bladders.\n\nThe legendary 19th-century lover Casanova is said to have been a regular user of condoms for contraceptive and disease preventing purposes, and dubbed them “Redingote Anglais” (“English Riding Coats”).\n\nIt is unknown who invented the condom, or how it got its name. Popular folklore points to Dr. Condom or Conton, a court member of King Charles II. Legend suggests a reputed, well-meaning English army doctor, also dubbed Dr. Condom,
151383
it depends of your metabolism. if you need to pass a kind of test or something you should know that ecstasy stays like a month in your body.
136384
Methadone was first synthesized by German scientists during World War II after the United States and their allies cut off the opium supply to Germany.
487925
ecstasy...i'll give you the hottest trip you're ever gonna get!
957618
Well ecstasy does not and would not ever contain penicilln.  Ecstasy if taken in Europe consumes nothing but PURE MDMA which does wonders on the brain that no human could possibly ever imagine such a feeling that could ever exist.  If Ecstasy bought in the U.S. there is a possibility there is a high percentage of MDMA but these days that may be rare.  But what you might end up eating is really a type of crystal meth or speed but mostly what X is consumed of is MdA and MDMA .. MDMA is what Ecstasy really is ... These are drugs that give you a rush a sense of well being and over all a high euphorea which can be highly addictive.  Drugs are bad but so is standing 2 close to the microwave anything can be good if you carry a strong soul and use moderation Ecstasy if eaten the right kind is the ultimate high..
243978
Party Drugs: Dancing the Night Away Part 2\n   Ecstasy and Rohypnol  (also known as pargchuting drugs)\nby Jeff Kopito, EMT-D \n\nEcstasy \n[3,4 Methylene-dioxy-N-methylamphetamine (MDMA)]\n\nOriginally synthesized and later patented in Germany by Merck in 1914, MDMA was thought to have some appetite-suppressant possibilities. However, Merck never moved forward with clinical trials, and the drug was eventually abandoned. Although it was never brought to market, legend has it that during the 1950s the US Army briefly investigated it for possible military applications as part of its chemical warfare program.1 \n\nThe drug remained largely forgotten until the 1960s, when Alexander Shulgin, a successful research chemist for Dow Chemical, began his own investigations of the phenethylamine family of drugs. He and Dow eventually parted ways over this research, and Shulgin went on to catalog more than 179 psychoactive drugs, including MDMA. Shulgin, in fact, is reputed to have been the first human to have tried MDMA and often has been referred to as the "Father of Ecstasy." \n\nBy the 1970s, MDMA, now under the name Ecstasy, was being used by members of the psychotherapeutic community who were familiar with the possible therapeutic effects of hallucinogenics. The drug eventually found its way to the general population, where its potential for abuse as well as reports of its possible neurotoxicity brought it to the attention of drug and law enforcement authorities. Although researchers sued the US government to prevent a ban on Ecstasy, it was eventually outlawed and branded a Schedule I drug in 1985 by the Drug Enforcement Administration, putting MDMA into the same class as heroin. \n\nas more research is done, there is greater evidence to support possible permanent brain damage in users, including short-term memory problems, cognitive difficulties, insomnia, and anxiety. Interestingly, in a recent report on MDMA toxicity in The Lancet, the researchers found a higher incidence of destruction of serotonin transporters in the brain among female users, as opposed to men.3 \n\nSince the effects of the drug wear off quickly, users tend to take more of the drug and in higher doses. This leads to paranoia, restlessness, and anxiety. Ecstasy users are also warned about dehydration so they often drink copious amounts of water. This can cause severe imbalances of electrolytes in the blood, creating a condition known as hyponatremia (literally "low sodium"). These electrolyte disturbances can lead to stupor, vomiting, and diarrhea. In rare cases, they also cause swelling of the brain, seizures, and death. \n\nThere is also a greater chance of injury when the user has a history of heart disease such as high blood pressure, aneurysm or stroke, glaucoma, liver or kidney disorders, or hypoglycemia. \n\nRohypnol\n(Flunitrazepam) \n\nRohypnol, a member of the benzodiazepine family, is a highly effective sedative that is about 10 times more powerful than an equivalent dose of Valium. Wearing the notorious title of "date rape drug," Rohypnol is actually a tranquilizer sold worldwide outside the US as a sleep aid and presurgical sedative. Manufactured by Hoffman-LaRoche, it is listed as a Schedule IV drug in the US. Since the FDA does not approve it for human consumption, it is illegal to possess, prescribe, or manufacture. \n\nRohypnol's reputation comes from one of its effects — anterograde amnesia — that prevents the user, or unwitting victim, from remembering any of the events occurring while under the influence of the drug. Although that reputation may be deserved, Rohypnol is actually rarely used for this purpose. In fact, in a study published in the Journal of Reproductive Medicine, approximately 2,000 urine specimens taken from sexual assault victims showed that GHB (gamma hydroxybutyrate) and Rohypnol turned up in less than three percent of the samples.5 \n\nI do not recommend Parachuting by drugs... this is
494351
Yes: \n"In 1937, a Dutch anthropologist studying the San Bushmen noted that they used hoodia to suppress appetite. But it wasn't until 1963 when scientists at the Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), South Africa's national laboratory, began studying hoodia. Initial results were promising -- lab animals lost weight after taking hoodia. \n\nThe South African scientists, working with a British company named Phytopharm, isolated the active ingredient in hoodia, a steroidal glycoside, which they named p57. After getting a patent in 1995, they licensed p57 to Phytopharm. Phytopharm has spent more than $20 million on hoodia research. \n\nEventually pharmaceutical giant Pfizer (makers of Viagra) caught wind of hoodia and became interested in developing a hoodia drug. In 1998, Phytopharm sub-licensed the rights to develop p57 to Pfizer for $21 million. Pfizer recently returned the rights to hoodia to Phytopharm, who is now working with Unilever. "\nsource below
47558
Most say Bowie did this in 1966, though one or two people insist it was 1965. An exact date, with month and day? EXTREMELY difficult and I just couldn't find it. :-)
799734
1911 - England signed a treaty with China making opium the main trading commodity with the Chinese.\n\n1911 - Italy declared war on Turkey over control of Tripoli.\n\n1911 - New York received the first Marconi wireless transmission from Italy.\n\n1911 Nov 21 - Suffragettes stormed Parliament in London. All were arrested and all chose prison terms.\n\n1911 - Henri Matisse painted "The Blue Window."\n\n1911 - Marie Curie won the Nobel Prize in Physics for the isolation of the elements polonium and radium.\n\n1912 - Balkan Wars: Serbia regains control of Kosovo from the Turks, recognised by 1913 Treaty of London.\n\n\n1912 - British explorer Robert Falcon Scott wrote in his diary after reaching the South Pole on January 16, 1912, "Great God this is an awful place..."\n\n1912  Jan 30 - The British House of Lords opposed the House of Commons by rejecting home rule for Ireland. \n\n1912  Feb 24 - Italy bombed Beirut in the first act of war against the Ottoman Empire.\n\n1912  Apr 15 - At 2:20 a.m., two hours and 40 minutes after impact, the luxury liner RMS Titanic sank in the North Atlantic Ocean off Newfoundland with the loss of about 1,522 lives\n\n1912 - Chemists in Europe introduced MDMA, a euphoria-producing psychedelic, as a potential appetite suppressant. It was later known as "ecstasy."
642314
http://www.erowid.org/chemicals/mdma/mdma_chemistry.shtml
670707
It's just a slang term for Ecstasy
847505
While various baking powders were sold in the first half of the 19th century, our modern variants were discovered by Alfred Bird. Eben Norton Horsford, a student of Justus von Liebig, who began his studies on baking powder in 1856, eventually developed a variety he named in honor of Count Rumford. August Oetker, a German pharmacist, made baking powder very popular when he began selling his mixture to housewives. The same recipe he created in 1893 is still sold as Backin in Germany. Oetker started the mass production of baking powder in 1898 and patented his technique in 1903.