What are Buckminsterfullerenes? Who invented and named it?
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People useally know that Carbon exist in forms of graphite and diamond. graphite and diamond are the two naturally occuring forms of carbon.  However back in 1985, Robert Curl, Harold Kroto and Richard Smalley, were able to create third allotrope of carbon, Buckminsterfullerenes also known as Buckyball using Using laser evaporation of graphite!  The structure of C60 is a truncated icosahedron, which resembles a round soccer ball of the type made of hexagons and pentagons, with a carbon atom at the corners of each hexagon and a bond along each edge.\n\nSince its invention/discovery, much research has been done to create more allotropes of carbon.  The nano technology you hear today has its roots in discovery and concepts of buckyball.
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J.J. Thompson was named John Joseph Thompson.  He did experiments exploring the properties of the electron and his investigation  led to the invention of the cathode ray tube, which was later instrumental in launching the electronics revolution which still continues.  He received the Nobel prize in 1906 for this work.
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Mork from Ork... \n\nNano Nano
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Not enough info-that would completely depend on the diameter of the tube, and just saying "fullerene" leaves diameter an open question.
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Graphite wasn't invented, it is just a form of carbon that has been compressed. Diamonds and coal are also forms of carbon.
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There are still issues on nanomanufacturing.  If you want to know, nano-electronics are made from nanotransistors.  These nanotransistors are made from carbon nanotubes - they look like sot after a chimney sweep.\n\nThere are already companies involved in nanotechnology.  A few of them are in Massachusetts.  I believe the new generation of optical electronics will have nanotechnology - probably around 2008.
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that was determined about 6000 and change years ago\n\nGenesis 1:1 in the beginning GOD created the heavens and the earth.\n\nThats about when HE decided to make it that way\n\nbut if you want to know when and why MAN started calling it the way he does\n\nthen that would be round about the time of the genius known as nikolas tesla.  it was determined that the NEG side of the battery LOST electrons and they traveled through the wire and went to the POS side of the batt\n\nsince the NEG side lost the electrons they named it the NEG side.\n\nsee electrons have this tendency not to stay with thier respective atoms so they minus themselfs\n\n\nby the way only the first 3 things i said here I know are true for certain  the rest is a mix of intelligent BS  but it sounds plausible
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I know this guys great great grandson. no joke he was on my rugby team. Crook invented the Crook's tube to demonstrate the force exerted on charged particles moving  relative to a magnetic field. This leed to the modern cathode ray tube which forms the basis of your TV or monitor.
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Nanotech engineering.
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Artist: Escher\nPhysician-Mathematician: Roger Penrose. He studied quasi-regular tessellation which were lately found to describe the structure of quasi-crystals, that is the chemical structure of some artificial metallic leagues.\n\nOh, I was forgetting another contemporary one: Raoul Raba. Made famous by the French mathematical organization of Kangourou, for which he created the logo.
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Here is the exact answer you need:\n\nOn the basis of their macroscopic properties, it seems impropable that diamonds and graphite are made of exactly the same atoms. This begs the question, how do we know that diamonds are indeed carbon? Surprisingly, this has been known for over 200 years. In 1772 (before the signing of the Declaration of Independence) a talented French chemist, Antoine Lavoisier, burned diamond (ca. 150 milligrams) in a sealed container. Diamonds do not burn readily, so Lavoisier used the high heat provided by a large lens placed in the sunlight. By a simple analysis of the gases produced by burning, Lavoisier determined that the gas we now know as CO2 was produced. Furthermore, the same amount of this gas was produced when 150 milligrams of amorphous carbon in the form of charcoal was burned. Thus, Lavoisier concluded that charcoal and diamond are the same. However Lavoisier was reluctant to publicize such a radical and counterintuitive result. It took more than 20 years before Lavoisier's conclusions were confirmed by Tenant, an English chemist. Let us examine Lavoisier's conclusion in the context of the times. Lavoisier's discovery predated Dalton's formulation that all matter is made of elements by 29 years and Mendeleev's formulation of the periodic table by almost 100 years. Our modern understanding of chemistry allows us to formulate Lavoisier's experiments in a compact way, the chemical equation.\n\n\n\n\n\nThese equations indicate that burning either diamond or graphite causes the bonds of the reactants (the carbon material and dioxygen) to be rearranged to form the product (CO2) and energy in the form of heat. In general, a chemical reaction involves changes in the bonding between atoms in going from reactants to products. Let's contrast these combustion equations with the analogous equation for burning buckyballs.\n\n\n\nNote how the buckyball equation has a subscript of 60 on the carbon, indicating that this form of carbon is molecular. As a result, 60 dioxygen molecules are required to convert the sixty atoms of carbon in each buckyball into 60 molecules of CO2. In a proper, balanced chemical equation the number and types of atoms on the reactant (left) side of the equation equal those on the product (right) side. Because heat is released in this chemical reaction, heat is written as a product. Reactions that generate heat are called exothermic.\n\n\nHope this is enough.
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I would have said Diamonds but I just found this from physicsweb.org:\n\n    Diamonds are not forever\n\n    Physicists in Germany have created a material that is harder than diamond. Natalia Dubrovinskaia and colleagues at the University of Bayreuth made the new material by subjecting carbon-60 molecules to immense pressures. The new form of carbon, which is known as aggregated diamond nanorods, is expected to have many industrial applications (App. Phys. Lett. 87 083106).\n\n    The hardness of a material is measured by its isothermal bulk modulus. Aggregated diamond nanorods have a modulus of 491 gigapascals (GPa), compared with 442 GPa for conventional diamond. Dubrovinskaia and two of her co-workers - Leonid Dubrovinky and Falko Langenhorst - have patented the process used to make the new material.\n\n    Diamond derives its hardness from the fact that each carbon atom is connected to four other atoms by strong covalent bonds. The new material is different in that it is made of tiny interlocking diamond rods. Each rod is a crystal that has a diameter of between 5 and 20 nanometres and a length of about 1 micron.
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tierrecarter, Bill Gates didn't invent the PC. IBM invented the PC, but got its OS from Microsoft (who didn't write it, they bought it from another firm, who didn't "invent" it either, as it was a clone of Digital Research's CP/M).\n\nSince Charles Babbage has already been mentioned, I'd like to drop a word in for Alan Turing, whose theroies are essential for modern computing, or Tommy Flowers, who used Turing's theories to produce Colossus, the first digital, programmable, electronic computer.
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who invented computer
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Mr. Franklin \nAmadeo Avogadro\nDalton\nJ.J. thomson \nRutherfurd\nMarie and Pierre Curie\nJohannes Nicolaus Brønsted\nJohn Dalton\nEmil Erlenmeyer\nMichael Faraday\nFritz Haber\nHenri Louis Le Chatelier\nThomas Martin Lowrey\nDimitri Mendeleev\nAlfred Bernhard Nobel\nJohannes Diderik van der Waals\nneils bohr\nif u wanna know more email me and ill tell u all about them, i hope i get ur best answer award
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What Edward Acheson patented was the method of manufacturing silicon carbide (SiC), and not the material itself. He also discovered that by heating the silicon carbide even hotter he could make a pure form of graphite that could be used as a lubricant.  Carborundum is essential to the mass production of precision-ground machine parts that are interchangeable. Before the widespread availability of these types of compounds machinery parts had to be fitted for each specific machine, and parts could not be easily interchanged. \n\nIt is primarily used as a grinding compound or abrasive. Silicon carbide is used for bearings and parts in high-temperature aplications because it melts at over 2700 degrees C and has a hardness on the Moh's scale (of 10) of 9.25. It is valuable as a semiconductor in electronic applications because it has a high heat transmission rate and other useful electrical properties. \n\nIt is used to polish mirrors (used in astronomy), lenses, gemstone cutting, and high performance disc brakes such as those in some Porsche's. It can be used to filter diesel exhaust to remove small particles. It is also used as a gemstone substitute for diamonds, and actually has superior optical qualities to a diamond, having more fire and brightness. \n\nIt has been found as a natural mineral, but is rare. It is found both in kimberlite deposits where diamonds are found, and in meteorites. \n\nhttp://mineral.galleries.com/minerals/elements/moissani/moissani.htm
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You'll need to read (or cut and paste) some of the facts behind those carbon compounds.\n\nXav covered the pure carbon compounds.\n\nMethol seems to be the odd man out, a simple alcohol better known as methanol - CH3OH. \n\nC60Br24 is brominated buckminster fullerene rather than the pure carbon molecule. It will have brom atoms sticking out from the soccer ball shape.\n\nMolecule or crystal models usually come as stick (or stick and ball) models, or as calotte model with spherical balls intersecting. The stick model emphasizes the chemical bonds you know from structural formula of organic molecules and the location of the atom core, whereas the calotte model signifies the extend of the electron cloud surrounding the atom core.