what is another name for a thermohaline current?
544169
The thermohaline circulation is a term for the global density-driven circulation of the oceans. Derivation is from thermo- for heat and -haline for salt, which together determine the density of sea water
189365
u know water flows from higher altitudes to lower.ie, for the flow of fluids a hight difference is needed ,,interms of energy a difference in potential energy is needed.like that for the flow of current a difference in electric energy is needed .this energy difference is called potential difference.\n\n              if we connect an emf source to a resister,the energy difference form btn the terminals of resister
116177
The ocean currents are a major factor in the climate of this planet. Many regions experience weather patterns and temperatures that are related primarily to the effect of ocean currents. Other weather patterns like hurricanes and El Niño events are also strongly affected by ocean currents.\n\nOcean currents in the Northern Hemisphere circulate in clockwise patterns around the basins. These are known as gyres. The Gulf Stream which moves northward up the western side of the Atlantic Ocean basin is responsible for moderating and warming the climate of Ireland, England, and northern Europe. The equatorial currents that move westward across the Pacific Ocean are an intrinsic part of the climate patterns known as El Niño and the Southern Oscillation. This climate pattern effects North and South America, Australia, India, eastern Asia, and even parts of Africa. Even Western Europe can statistically relate flooding events to El Niño. In years when El Niño is active hurricanes in the Atlantic have been found to be less active. \nhttp://typhoon.atmos.colostate.edu/\n\nOne scientist proposed that sub sea eruptions along the East Pacific Rise might be creating large volumes of rising heated water that would periodically mess up the ocean currents and cause the changes of weather patterns associated with El Niño/Southern Oscillation events. Another scientist attempting to verify this discovered that the El Niño events actually precede swarms of seismic activity in that area, and suggested the El Niño may actually be triggering the sub sea volcanic eruptions by slight changes in sea level and water pressure over the mid-ocean ridges. \nhttp://ess.geology.ufl.edu/usra_esse/ENSO_Oceans.html\n\nAnother important ocean current circulates deep in the oceans and actually moves through each of the world’s oceans in a continuous slow-moving belt known as the Conveyor. This is driven by cold, salty, North Atlantic water that sinks and moves southward to the Antarctic, where it moves eastward into the Pacific, and then northward to the North Pacific, where it turns and moves back through the Indian Ocean and toward the North Atlantic again.  It is estimated that if the Conveyer were to shut down, the North Atlantic region would be 20 degrees F. colder within ten years, and much of Europe would have a climate more like northern Norway has today.\nhttp://www.columbia.edu/cu/record/23/11/13.html
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I think that would fall under "meteorology".  I have never heard of a separate term for it.
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A reference to a meterological term: see link\n\nhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adiabatic_lapse_rate
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Hadley circulation of the atmosphere and ocean currents.
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Ocean currents in the northern hemisphere go clockwise.\nAs the current starts from it southern most point (i.e. near the equator), it is a warm ocean current. It will travel as a warm current along the east coast of the continent to its west side. As the current continues to move clockwise it will move across the ocean towards its most northern part. It is still technically a warm water current until it begins to travel southward along the west coast of the eastern continent.\nAn example would be the North Atlantic Ocean Gyre. It starts north of the equator, moves up towards the Caribbean and US East Coast (the Gulf Stream) and then travels eastward across the Atlantic to England. At this point it is still considered a warm ocean current because of its temp relative to the surrounding waters. As the current begins to move southward along the western European coast it becomes a cold ocean current until it gets back to along the equator.\nIn the southern hemisphere it is just the opposite! \nBut maybe a simpler answer would have been by looking at a currents temperature RELATIVE to surrounding bodies of water, but that is not as precise as the answer given above.\nHope this helps.
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It appears to be in relation to energy production.  I have referenced a hyperlink to a PDF file that refers to this term with in its context...the file does have some English translation.
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Have a look here:\n\nhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rankine_cycle
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It is called a large chunk of ice afloat in the ocean:)\n\nP.S or an iceberg
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Antarctic bottom water\n\nDeep Currents: Complementing the surface currents is a series of currents in the deep ocean. These tend to be slow moving and generally from high latitude toward the equator. The water flowing in these deep currents -- North Atlantic Deep Water and Antarctic Bottom Water -- are easily identified by temperature, oxygen content, and salinity.
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atlantic, pacific, and indian oceans
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Surface ocean currents are generally wind driven and develop their typical clockwise spirals in the northern hemisphere and counter-clockwise rotation in the southern hemisphere due to the imposed wind stresses. In wind driven currents the Ekman spiral effect results in the currents flowing at an angle to the driving winds. The areas of surface ocean currents move somewhat with the seasons, this is most notable in equatorial currents.\nDeep ocean currents are driven by density and temperature gradients. Thermohaline circulation, also known as the ocean's conveyor belt, refers to the deep ocean density-driven ocean basin currents. These currents that flow under the surface of the ocean, and are thus hidden from immediate detection, are called submarine rivers. These are currently being researched by floating devices, which maintain their depth according to slightly differing densities of waters. Upwelling and downwelling areas in the oceans are areas, where significant vertical movement of ocean water is observed.
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A lot of wind current is caused by temperature differentials between two or more areas.  The earth's rotation is also responsible for currents and jet streams.  I had a porfessor tell me that the same wind that is blowing now is the same wind that has been blowing for 4 billion years.
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Intensity of current and magnetic permeability of the core.
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You did a great job of identifying the common energy found in the general press.  However, you did leave out Biological, Geothermal and Oceanic Energy.  Geothermal sources are well documented there are several untapped sources that could add almost 1% to the US energy sources.  Others who have responded to you shared Biological sources such as Methane and Ethanol.  However, they failed to mention the Methane Hydrates that are in the Caribbean Sea.  (This is technically a fossil fuel rather then a renewable.)\n\nWhen you spoke of water I take it you were thinking hydro-power such as dammed river basins.  There are three primary Ocean based sources that I think do not get much play.  Thermal, Wave and Tidal are all Ocean water power.\n\nThermal power makes use of the difference in deep water cooler temperatures and warmer surface temperatures.  Using a Rankine or Sterling engine it should be possible to use the cooler water of the deep ocean (between 200 and 400 meters) to return the working fluid to fluid and extract power from the difference in the phase change or fluid expansion.  The issue is to achieve this depth requires that the power extraction needs to be fairly far into the ocean and unless the power generated is used to convert water to hydrogen the transfer of the power under water is inefficient.\n\nWave energy uses two different mediums, one is the difference in air pressure in a cylinder as the waves raise and lower the pressure in the cylinder increases and reduces  and act as a kind of low pressure bellows for moving air.  Whether this would be enough for producing significant energy remains to be seen.  (A new method using a fluid and a valve that takes advantage of both the increase and the decrease of pressure exerted by the changing water levels appears to have some merit.)  The other method is a direct mechanical energy conversion where the rising wave front raises a buoy which either pulls up on a crankshaft or a cable and in the trough the cable length or crank returns to minimum.\n\nAnd finally there is tidal, there are two different types of Tidal or Ocean current extraction.  The first is the most common in which a bay or tidal estuary is dammed (barricade) and the difference in heights between the Ocean and the tidal estuary form the head or force applied to a submerged turbine.\n\nThe other method is called Tidal Stream.  In this method the turbine is submerged in a natural narrowing such as an inlet or in deeper water and take advantage of the flow or currents of water energy.  Of the two the Tidal Stream is the least common and is in it's infancy.  As you can place a large quantity of Tidal Stream converters in open Ocean waters it has the greatest opportunity to generate the most energy for the least amount of environmental change.\n\nHowever, I do have a question for you.  In your consideration of Solar energy you probably have explored Photovoltaic Cells and Solar Furnaces; however, have you explored Solar Chimneys?  There was an experiment done in the late 70's in Spain in which a large metal "Chimney" was painted black and as it heated up cooler surface air would enter at the bottom and rise towards the top where a turbine was installed.
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The salinity of specific regions of the oceans depends on the ratio of influx of sweet water and evaporation (or in cold regions, formation of ice, which also increases the salinity of the remaining water) and on the vertical and horizontal currents. The northern Atlantic is the most saline oceanic region, if I recall correctly - probably because of much evaporation in the subtropic zone and then the gulf stream carrying the saline water north.\n\nThe dissolved salts are mainly:\n\ncations: Na+, with K+, Mg2+ and Ca2+ as important additional components\n\nanions: HCO3-, Cl- as main components, SO4(2-) a distant third.\n\nTo get the salts, simply combine to neutral compounds.