the shape of human y chromosome?
546950
The Y chromosome is a called an acrocentic chromosome. that means that the centromere (the part where the arms of the chromosome join) is towards one end of the chromosome so that one arm of the chromosome is shorter than the other. It is also fairly small.\n\nSide note: telocentric means the centromere is at the very end of the chrmosome.\n\nsubmetacentric means the centromere is slightly off centre.\n\nmetacentric means the centromere is in the middle of the chromosome.
137554
Normal male cells have 23 pairs of chromosomes (1-22 & X+Y) or 46 total chromosomes.
412260
Dr.Hargobind Khurana,Nobel laureate, who cracked the genetic code.If you mean gender,Its  due to 'x' and 'y' chromosome.Female of species possess xx chromosome,whereas male part possess a 'x' and a 'y' chromosome.There are two chance that can occur during fertilization between male and female gametes, XX and XY.So father part of 'x' and 'y' play a vital role in determining sex of offspring.
34335
Totally 46 chromosomes.\n22 pairs will be there and two sex chromosomes will be there.\nIf male, X & Y and If Female X & X.\nSo totally 46.
110282
Cri Du Chat isn't a sex chromosome abnormality - it's a deletion of the short arm (the upper part) of Chromosome 5 (a somatic chromosome, not an X or a Y that determines the sex of the individual).
852864
I hope you don't mind, I saw your other question and also posted this response, so, this is cross posting with extra added ^_~\n\nYes, the institution of education should include proper information about human bodies, ALL human bodies.  I don't know about lower level education, except in biology, we learn that snails and worms are hermaphrodites, there are over 36,000 sexes of mushrooms..etc but intersexes are not "hermaphrodites" and mushrooms certainly aren't human ^_~ As far as post secondary education, I did attend one Sociology class that talked about intersexes briefly. As for resistance, I am in Student Govt. and recently proposed an event for International Intersex Solidarity Day (nov. th) before the Executive Counsil and was shot down faster than a nuclear missile heading to WA DC. because they didn't know what i was talking about. They suggested i hand it off to the rainbow club. I was livid!\n\nIntersexes are either genital shapes and sizes not congruent with current dominant standards of genital shape and size preferences.\n\nIntersexes are also people whose chromosome patterns might not be xx or xy (such as xxy or xxxy, or xxxo, or xo, or mosaic meaning a mix of chromosome patters across different cells)\n\nIntersexes are also a mix of both of the above two options.\n\nThe thing about labeling someone intersex, is that when people from the medical community are deciding whether or not to label someone intersex, they often fluctuate as there is not set standard of criterion across the board.\n\nSome use size standards, such as a phallus that is larger than .9cm is too large for a female, therefore if the doctor feels that the [infant] should have been female according to the doctors preferences looking at genitals and /or chromosomes etc the doctor might trim the phallus or remove it (social construction of the female sex)\n\nAnd if the phallus is smaller than 2.5cm and/or the doctor feels that the [infant] would be unable to stand while urinating as an adult, on an [infant] the doctor feels should have been male according to the doctors preferences looking at genitals and/or chromosomes etc, the doctor might choose to do genital reconstructions and possibly hormone replacement therapy to construct the [infant] as a female regardless of chromosomes etc.\n\nSex is on a spectrum, you see, where the categories of male and female are not static, meaning, not absolute categories, but rather made up of cultural preferences, they are invented labels put on varrying places on the sex spectrum in order to validate a cultures claims of categories of sex, to perpetuate the segregation of human beings.\n\nIntersexes are often marginalized or stigmatized by societies in order to preserve the western binary gender and sex systems which declare that there are only two sexes, and only two corresponding genders, that both are biological, and that the placement of certain sex and gender labels on human bodies mean something, signify something, often socially and religeously. For this reason, many intersexes are subjected to cosmetic surgery, isolation, shame, discrimination, invalidation, and less access to vital medical care and information about their bodies. And often when they are given medical care or information, it is in such a way that highlights cultural preferences/standards for "male" and "female" and downplays the validity of a natural human body which does not conform to these cultural preferences.
382442
Yes, the Y-chromosome is shrinking.\n\nThe reason is due to recombination. Recombination increases the effectiveness of selection, meaning that more "good" mutations are kept and more "bad" mutations are removed.\n\nThe X-chromosome can recombine during meiosis, but the Y-chromosome cannot. Therefore, the Y-chromosomes cannot repair "bad" mutations. These mutations build up on the Y-chromosome over time. Some of these mutations can cause the Y-chromosome to shorten. In some species, like Drosophila, the Y-chromosome is no longer present! Females are XX while males simply have an X chromosome!
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23 pairs of chromosomes in the human body
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"The case of a young man with del(2) (p11.2p13) is reported. Accounts of previous cases of deletion of the short arm of chromosome 2 are reviewed. Common features include mental retardation, proportional short stature and weight, dysmorphic facial features (a prominent nose, abnormal ears), and abnormal hands. Growth and developmental delay are present during the postnatal period"\n\nhttp://jmg.bmjjournals.com/cgi/content/abstract/30/7/604
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I think one is the division of chromosomes and that is just a guess as for the other I assume that it has something to do with two sexes becoming one.
706287
Chromosomes are allotted numbers according to their sizes. So, chromosome 1 is largest and chromosome 22 is smallest. The 23rd pair of chromosomes i.e., X and Y are sex chromosomes and hence they're allotted different representations. However, X lies between 7th and 8th chromosome if arranged according to the size while Y is the smallest (smaller than the chromosome 22).
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As in X or Y chromosomes??  Don't know,but I do know that OCD is due in part to an imbalance of serotonin in the brain.
920293
gonosomes.    which are the sex chromosomes ! Hope this is it !! :o)
148814
No. Don't confuse the common phrase that "we all start as female" with the individual set of chromosomes. XY embryos are male; the "activation", so to speak, of the factors that will lead that individual to have male characteristics (gonads, genitalia and secondary sexual characters) occurs some time after the start of embryonic development. Thus if one examines an earlier embryo, males are indistinguishable from females.\nBut they each have their XX (females) or XY (males) sexual chromosome pair, and the proteins coded in their genome will lead to normal development of either sex.
1052965
Men are XY, women are XX, right? The only genetic difference between men and women is whether they have a Y sex chromosome or not. Sexual characteristics such as genitals and breasts are encoded on the X and Y chromosomes, but NOT NIPPLES. Nipple genes are not on the X or Y chromosomes so we all have them. Women have genes in their XX genome to build mammary glands beneath their nipples -- men don't.
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The mechanism for an abnormal amount of X or Y is called nondisjunction in meiosis of cellular division. However there is no possible way for a man to father only one gender.\n\nHaving only a Y is not enough DNA for viable offspring, so the gamete automatically aborts.\n\nHaving only an X results in a female with a condition called Turner's Syndrome. This will not cause a phenomenon of having only boys or only girls because the female does not choose the gender anyway.\n\nThe only possible way for a man to have a higher possibility of having boys is if he has an extra Y chromosome (XYY) caused by nondisjunction. Then the chances that the offspring is a girl is 33% and the chances of having a boy is 67%.\n\nAnd in case you were wondering, a male with XYY has Kleinfelter's syndrome and is infertile.\n\nAlso, you're saying that you have examples from literature, which may not be reality. It's highly unlikely that a father has 15 children of the same gender. I'd say literature tends to exagerate :)
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NDA? DNA? Because X-ray crystalography showed it to be that shape. Read Nature vol 171 pg 964