Why did the Cultural Revolution in China begin?
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1966. Very very simply, Mao was becoming unpopular with his failed policies eg Great Leap Forward which was the biggest man made famine in history.\n\nThe CR was a way for Mao to gain popularity again and also a way to get rid of his political enemies. Anyone that dared to say anything bad about Mao were branded as class enemies.
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Your hypothesis is plausible, but consider this.  They are a nation of 1.5 billion consumers that gives them some degree of power.  They have the potential of having the world's largest army.  Finally, the communist government is allowing free enterprise in the southern provinces.\n\nAs far as solving their problems peacefully, they have had a civil war since the cultural revolution.  Your research should have clued you in one the ethnic cleansing during the reign of Moa Tse Tung.  Regarding wanting people to immigrate.  If that is true, why do they have the one child mandate?  Is not overcrowding a major problem there?
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Most likely what you are referring to was the exile of Chaing Kai-Shek's Nationalist forces to Formosa after fighting the communists under Mao, around 1947-1949.  You'd have to say that Chaing Kai-shek was the man who lost China.
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The country is still totally controlled by the Communist Party of China, which is the central government.  Individual provinces have their own governments, controlled by party members.\nBut economically, capitalism has been allowed to flourish, bringing prosperity to the country which communism failed to do.  The first people to benefit from this are the Communists - very ironically, the sworn opponents of capitalism!  Hopefully, however, the centralisation of power and national planning will channel this new money the right way.  The government has just announced it's latest 5-year plan for the rural (agricultural) sector (most Chinese are still down on the farm, and poor).  All agricultural taxes have been abolished and many measures will be taken to help the farmers. One wishes them every success in this worthwhile endeavour.
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Mao Zedong (December 26, 1893 – September 9, 1976; Mao Tse-tung in Wade-Giles) was the chairman of the Politburo of the Communist Party of China from 1943 and the chairman of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China from 1945 until his death. Under his leadership, the CCP (Chinese Communist Party) became the ruling party of Mainland China as the result of its victory over Chinese Nationalists, the KMT, in the Chinese Civil War. On October 1, 1949, Mao declared the formation of the People's Republic of China at Tiananmen Square.\n\nMao is widely credited for creating a mostly unified China free of foreign domination for the first time since the Opium Wars. However, critics point out that Mao's ineffective economic policies in conjunction with the Three Years of Natural Disasters caused the massive famine of 1959–1961. Mao has also been criticized for his contribution to the Sino-Soviet Split, his establishment of a one-party dictatorship, and initiating the disastrous Cultural Revolution.\n\nMao Zedong is sometimes referred to as Chairman Mao. At the height of his personality cult, Mao was commonly known in China as the "Four Greats": "Great Teacher, Great Leader, Great Supreme Commander, Great Helmsman".
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It was more a political move than anything else.  It was equipped with radio transmitters to show the world that the USSR did it first.
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The most recent Chinese civil war began in the late 1920s and ended, sort of, in 1949.  The war was between the Nationalists and the Communists.\n\nIn the 1920s national government in China had almost no power, and China had dissolved into a bunch of fractured fiefdoms, each controlled by a local warlord.  In 1927, Chiang Kai Shek recruited a large "National" army from the graduates of the Whampoa Military Academy in southern China near Hong Kong.  Because these soldiers actually had some training, they were able to kick the neighboring warlords' asses and absorb those troops into their own army, which began to snowball. Pretty soon they could could take territiry without a fight, allowng the corrupt local warlord to stay in power, as long as he paid lip service to the Nationalist Army and Party.  Chiang and his army eventually took over the whole country, but very little of the corruption and local oppression had changed from the warlord time.\n\nAt the same time, people who were sick of this ineffective government looked for an alternative and founded the Communist Party. They set up a little mini communist government in one part of some province to try it out.  Eventually they started winning converts all over the place, because not only was the Nationalist government corrupt and oppressive, it also sold out to foreign interests all the time.  Soon the Communists and the Nationalists were having military confrontations and the civil war had begun. In 1934, the Nationalists chased the Communists and the Communists kept retreating, for more than 3500 miles.  This long westward retreat eventualy wore the Nationalists down, while on the Communist side it became known as the heroic Long March.  Mao Zedong became the leader of the Communist Party at this time. \n\nThe Japanese saw how divided the Chinese were, and they thought this made a great opportunity to invade China, which they did in 1937.  The Japanese took over a huge chunk of northeast China and pressed south, into the Chinese heartland.  World War II began in Europe in 1939, and the US joined in early 1942.  The allies actually had to convince the Chinese to stop their civil war so that they could focus on defeating Japan.  \n\nThe Nationalists' strategy was to run away from the conflict, retreating all the way to Chongqing, which is kind of like retreating from New York City to LA in the face of an invasion from Europe.  They were hoping the Communists would all get killed by the Japanese.  But this strategy blew up in their faces, since it made Communists look like heroic patriots and Nationalists look like cowards.\n\nThe Chinese civil war started up again as soon as WW II and the Sino-Japanese war ended in 1945.  What's more, the USSR was now firmly on the side of the Communists; when the Soviets kicked the Japanese out of northeast China, they gave all the Japanese war materiel that got left behind to the Chinese Communists.\n\nThe Communists gained the upper hand and chased the Nationalists completely off the mainland and onto the island of Taiwan in 1949.  They were all set to invade Taiwan and finish the civil war, once and for all when the US 7th fleet of aircraft carriers etc. parked itself between Taiwan and the mainland.  So technically the war didn't finish, and it still hasn't finished.\n\nToday, both sides still insist that there is only one China, that their government is the "real" governnment of China and that the other one is a pretender.  They are on much better terms now than they were from say 1949-2000, when each feared and expected a military confrontation with the other.
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China. Because they are in transition from purely communistic economy to a blended communist/capitalist. \n\nSorry not 500 words.
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china isn't communism. it's totalitarianism capitalism.\n\nMost people are idiots about communism and don't even know what it is.
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I know "yao" was written by Lu Xun. It's about the revolutionary days in China back then. You can go research about it on the internet.
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The fall of Yuan ( The Mongal imperial dynasty )\n\n   In the 1350's, the pace of rebellion picked up. Several rebel leaders, almost all of whom came from the merchant or lower classes, seized cities and set themselves up as kings or even, with just a small bit of territory, proclaimed themselves Emperor. China was no longer in the control of the Emperor—it had been carved up among the rebel warlords. \n\n   One of these warlords was called Kuo Tzu-hsing; he controlled the territory of Anhui. However, it isn't Kuo Tzu-hsing that interests us; it is, rather, the general he appointed in 1355, Chu Yüan-chang, who would become the founder of the Ming dynasty. Chu was a peasant; along with Liu Bang (ruled 206-195 BC), he was the only peasant to found a Chinese dynasty. When Kuo Tzu-hsing died, Chu set about his real ambition: conquering the whole of China. It is said that a scholar told him he would succeed if he followed three rules: a.) build strong city walls; b.) gather as much grain in storage as possible; c.) be slow to assume titles. Chu followed these rules assiduously. \n\n   With his army, Chu slowly conquered one warlord's territory after another while carefully watching the government's army. By 1368, he had conquered all of southern China; this is the date at which the Ming dynasty officially begins. By 1369 he had driven the Mongols out of China. Except for Szechwan in the east (which was conquered in 1371) and Yünnan in the southeast (conquered in 1382), Chu controlled all of China in 1369.
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PRevious answer was sort of right.\n\nThe Chinese government is still Communist- in Tiannamen Square many students had gathered to protest the Chinese government.  The government sent in troops and tanks to dispell the protesters, and when they refused to leave- used force against them.
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BEIJING June 4, 1989 — It was early Summer in the capital city. Tens of thousands of ordinary citizens, many with their entire families, squatted on vacant public buildings and land and set up a makeshift village, at the foot of the seat of power, and in the shadow of important monuments.\n\nThey demanded an audience with their government and the passage of certain legislation.  To the heads of government and the press, they were agitators with a political agenda that threatened to disrupt and endanger the nation.\n\nAfter their demands were rejected, the protesters did not leave their encampments.  The head of government, refusing to meet with them, called on the national army to disperse the crowds.  Soldiers charged with bayonets while tanks and tear gas chased crowds and leveled tents and shacks.  Fires burned the camps to the ground.\n\nIn the aftermath, scores were dead, including at least two infants suffocated in the gas attack.  The total number killed remains unknown. \n\nTiananmen Square has been the site of demonstrations peaceful and violent for at least 150 years. Protests in Tiananmen in the early 1900s led to the fall of the last Imperial Dynasty (Ching or Qing). \n \nThe square was also where Mao Zedong proclaimed to the world that "The Chinese people have stood up" and announced the formation of the People's Republic on October 1, 1949. \n\nTiananmen Square is the largest public square on earth. It can be seen from space and is nearly a mile square in size. \n \nSince 1989 it has become a magnet for China's disaffected who gather there, alone or in small groups, to protest and even commit suicide. \n \nThe square is surrounded by buildings and compounds that house the most important offices of China's government \n\nThe Tiananmen Square in the center of Beijing, is said to be the biggest square in the world. It is 880 meters from north to south, and 500 meters from east to west, with total area of 440,000 square meters and can hold one million people. The Tiananmen Gate Tower sites at the north, the Five-Star Red Flag flies high on the square, the Monument to the People's Heroes dominates the center, the Great Hall of the People and the Museum of the Chinese Revolution and the Museum of Chinese History to the east and west of it, as well as The Chairman Mao Memorial Hall and the Qianmen gate, sit in the south of the square. Over several hundred years, in front of the Tiananmen, many democracy meetings and demonstrations are held. Tens of thousands of people visit daily. The Square is listed top among Beijing's 16 scenic spots.\n \n \nThe Lions Before Tiananmen-- Facing Out\nAs the first gate of the Imperial City, the Tiananmen Gate was designed very grand and magnificent as befitted the supremacy of the emperor. Old Beijingers have deep feeling towards Tiananmen and there are quite a lot XIEHOUYU-- a kind of two-part allegorical sayings. THE LIONS BEFORE TIANANMEN-- SET FACING OUT uses the two huge stone lions standing at the end of the Jinshui (Golden Water) Bridge in front of Tiananmen Gate to describe two well-matched forces.\n\nHUABIAO and WANGJUNGUI and WANGJUNCHU\n\nA well-known architectural ornament in China is the huabiao, often seen on the grounds of palaces, imperial gardens and mausoleums. It is also seen at some crossroads to mark the throroughfares.\n\nThere is a pair of such ornamental pillars carved out of marble standing in front and behind Tian'anmen, the Gate of Heavenly Peace, at the centre of Beijing. Each pillar, entwined by a divine dragon engraved in relief, carried a plate on top called CHENGLUPAN for collecting dew£¬on which squats an animal called kong. This creature in Chinese mythology is supposed to be born of the dragon and good at keeping watch. It is generally referred to as the "stone lion." The four kong at Tian'anmen have different names, the two in front facing south and with their backs to the wall are called wangjungui
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This is a very interesting topic. I'll contribute with a few of the things I have learned in my history studies.\n\nThe Qing dynasty was forced to cede Taiwan (along with certain other regions of mainland China) to Japan when Japan defeated China in a naval war in 1895. When the Japanese surrendered upon their defeat in 1945, control over Taiwan was assumed by the Chinese government currently recognized at that time: The Republic of China -a one-party state led by Chaing Kai-Shek.\n\nAt the time that Japan took over Taiwan, China was only beginning to bring Taiwan under effective central control, and Chinese control had certainly not penetrated very deeply into Taiwanese society. Although most Taiwanese at that time (as they still do today) certainly identified primarily with Chinese culture --but not necessarily a Chinese nation. Their identities were primarily local, and not national in the modern sense. That is, they did not consider themselves citizens of a Chinese nation. They identified primarily with clans, towns, and regions. The same can be said for most people in mainland China at that time. This was one of the main obstacles for leaders like Sun Yat-sen, Mao Zedong and Chian Kai-Shek. These local identities were an obstacle to overcome in their quest to make Chinese people feel part of a Chinese nation. \n\nAs a result of the (2) Opium Wars of the 1840s, China had already been forced to cede coastal territory to Britian, France and Germany. Being defeated by European powers was humiliating, but for cultural reasons, being defeated by Japan was even more humiliating for the Chinese. This was because Chinese considered their culture to be the superior culture in Asia, and being defeated by an inferior Asian culture was therefore more humiliating than being defaeted by a European power.\n\nJapanese took over administration of Taiwan and the other regions. For the first 30 years or so,  the Taiwanese and Chinese living under Japanese control weren't subjected to any greater degree of injustice or exploitation than they would have been under Chinese control. At that time, both China and Taiwan were still pre-modern feudal societies. During WW2, Japanese control became progressively more exploitative. \n\nJapan's war crimes against the civilian population of mainland China are well known. But in Taiwan --although Japanese administration was certainly unfair to Taiwanese-- there were relatively few cases of gross injustices. It was under Japaese control that Taiwan saw its first organized school system, first universities, first mechanized industries, and first railroads, among other modernizations. People were encouraged to learn Japanese, and learning Japanese was obligatory for schoolchildren. \n\nIn China, people have been educated for several generations to hate Japanese and see Japan as an enemy. Most Taiwanese, however, have an overwhelmingly positive opinion of Japan and Japanese culture. This is in large part because during the post-WW2 period, the enemy that Taiwanese were educated to fear was Communist China, so there was no particular reason for the government to encourage hate or fear of Japan.  Also, during this period, Taiwan and Japan developed along similar paths economically and culturaly, and were both open to Western investment and cultural influence. \n\nToday, both Taiwan and Japan have much more in common with each other than with the Peoples Repulic of China. Both are multi-party democracies with freedom of speech, freedom of the press, etc. Both have very open and vibrant civil societies. \n\nChina, unfortunately, is at least a generation behind in terms of cultural and political development.
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Because China is an oppressive communist country. They sensore everything their people see, they don't want any individuality or new ideas. China is a country that forces the people to believe what they want them to believe.
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PBS's Frontline did a 3 part series on this...\n\nI have mixed emotions and mixed opinions on what happened.\n\nYes, the Chinese government went overboard in killing so many innocent students and if you know what really happened, they weren't just students. The protests had grown to a point of attracting many many other types of ppl.\n\nNow with that said, I am going to make an extremely unpopular statement/opinion. I am a marxist at heart and have studied the writings of Lenin in depth. Lenin, while a pacifist, knew that there were times to be use force to control mutiny.\n\nLenin wrote about the ones that will try to overthrow the idealism of a fair and equal society... the ones that won't accept the weak having the same or the ones that won't accept a no class system.\n\nWhile I know this incident was not about that.. I do realize that this incident threatened the fairly new communist Chinese regime. I truly believe the Chinese regime would have been weakened had they given into the protesters due to the vast number and the length of the protest... not justifying the slaughter but saying I understand the stopping of the protest.\n\nIn that Frontline series, the Chinese government warned them.. gave them days to leave... they chose to stay. They chose their destiny.
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Read the communist manifesto by Karl Marx.  It explains his theory.\n\nThe reason China is communist is because FDR was a marxist at heart, and wasn't concerned about what Mao Se Dong would do to China