If you understand circuits and voltage please go to Enginnering & see question about lithium ion tech?
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lithium_ion_battery
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You aren't clear about whether the switch is on in both measurements.  If it is, then the voltage will be the same.  If not, then the voltage will be different because of the voltage drop across the internal resistance of the battery.
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You need a reference table and some instruction. Go to this site and scroll down to electrochemistry. Good luck!\nhttp://spiderpong.sitesled.com/chemistry_12_handouts.htm
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Try this book, it's invaluable.\n\nCooling Techniques for Electronic Equipment\nISBN 0-471-52451-4
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Here are some sites that may help.  Both have circuit examples utilizing LVDT's.  Hope this helps.
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The above answers about using a voltage regulator sound ok.  Just make sure to check out the regulator's data sheet so that it can safely regulate what DC voltage you are giving it (though with this 12V case you shouldn't have a problem).\n\nAlso, when a battery is rated at 12V, 30A the battery doesn't necessarily output 30A at all times; that is just a full load rating given for safety reasons (don't want to overload the battery).  The battery is a constant voltage source so you can certainly have a load that pulls much less than 30A.\n\nWidth of wire?  You shouldn't be too concerned with this at these low voltages.  Just use breadboard type wire (around 22 AWG I believe).\n\nAlso, one final comment from me... why use a car battery when you can use a more convenient source of DC voltage?  If you want something that can conveniently power your IC's try one of those nifty AC/DC plugs that charge cell phones and the like.  They are rated in various output voltages and can surely supply all the current your IC's will need.  Just cut off the DC plug end and strip the wire.  Boom, now you have DC voltage for your breadboard supply terminals or whatever.
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The extra pins can do more than just provide one set voltage.  For example like the previous answer said they can provide battery level info.  Additional pins can also provide power at different voltages for devices such as computers that may require it.  Really the function depends on the battery itself.  Just a note, some Li ion batteries only have + and - terminals, they just aren't usually used for computers and high tech devices
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Yup,\nDepends on the type of batteries (AA, C, or D) and how they are wired together series, parallel or a combination.  Most batteries are 1.5 V per cell.  If they're in series, add the voltage, if they're in parallel, they're there for available current or increased battery life.  The gadget may have some name plate data on the box or the device that says what the voltage and current requirements are.\n\nAnyhow a trip to Radio Shack and a little bit of wiring is all you need.  They have a couple of universal AC to DC transformers you can plug into the wall.
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If you have had your battery plugged in every time you plug your comp into the electrical outlet, what you have been doing is charging the battery every single time you're turning the power on.  This is not the greatest thing for your battery. It is a lot of strain and by doing this, what you have done is created a "memory" in your battery.   Long story really short, even lithium ion batteries that aren't supposedly prone to "memory" suffer from memory charges.   You've capped your own power supply by constantly charging on top of a fully charged battery.  This means that you only have 10% or so of the maximum charge available.  \n\nTo undo this, you need to discharge the battery by using your battery as the main powersupply.  So disconnect your comp from the outlet, and use only the battery.  When it becomes empty, charge it and repeat.  This should help.  Although at this point, you're probably not going to get 100 percent charge availability.    South of this, you need to just go buy new batteries and remember to take the battery out when you have it plugged in the wall.
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Lithium ion batteries (sometimes abbreviated Li-Ion) are a type of rechargeable battery commonly used in consumer electronics. They are currently one of the most popular types of battery, with one of the best energy-to-weight ratios, no memory effect and a slow loss of charge when not in use. They can be dangerous if mistreated, however, and unless care is taken may have a short lifespan compared to other battery types. A more advanced lithium-ion battery design is the lithium polymer cell.\n\nLithium ion polymer batteries, or more commonly lithium polymer batteries (Abbreviated Li-Poly or LiPo) are rechargeable batteries which have technologically evolved from lithium ion batteries. Ultimately, the lithium salt electrolyte is not held in an organic solvent like in the proven lithium ion design, but in a solid polymer composite such as polyacrylonitrile. There are many advantages of this design over the classic lithium ion design, including the fact that the solid polymer electrolyte is not flammable (unlike the organic solvent that the Li-Ion cell uses); thus, these batteries are less hazardous if mistreated. Lithium ion polymer batteries started appearing in consumer electronics around 1996.
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here is the link where u can download so many diagrams\nhttp://images.google.co.in/images?hl=en&q=electronics+circuit&btnG=Search+Images\ncheck it out
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Try theese sites\n\nhttp://www.web-ee.com/primers/Tutorials.htm\nhttp://www.maintenanceresources.com/productsshowcase/productlisting/electronicspage.htm\nhttp://class.ee.iastate.edu/rmander/ee201rma/
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I'm assuming you're referring to Lithium-Ion batteries. The immediate advantage to Lithium battery chemistry is higher charge density. Li ions are small and mobile, but more readily stored than hydrogen. Thus a battery based on Li is smaller than one with hydrogen, such as a NiMH or NiCd, and with fewer volatile gases. Because the ions need fewer storage intermediaries, more battery weight is usable as charge, instead of overhead. Thus, Li batteries are lighter than equivalents in other chemistries - often much lighter.\n\nThe Li-ion battery does not lose quality when recharging during laptop use; it is capable of easily regulating back and forth movement of energy from powercell to powercell.\n\nA unique drawback of the Li-ion battery is that its life cycle is dependent upon aging from time of manufacturing (shelf life) regardless of whether it was charged, and not on the number of charge/discharge cycles. This drawback is not widely publicized.\n\nAs a newer chemistry, with more advanced applications, Li batteries command a higher price.\n\nThe Li-ion battery required nearly 20 years of development before it was safe enough to be used on a mass market level. While Li-ion batteries do not suffer from the memory effect, they are not as durable as NiMH or NiCd designs and can be extremely dangerous if mistreated. At a 100% charge level, a typical Li-ion laptop battery that's full most of the time at 25 degrees Celsius, will irreversibly lose approximately 20% capacity per year. This capacity loss begins from the time it was manufactured, and occurs even when the battery is unused. Different storage temperatures produce different loss results: 6% loss at 0 °C, 20% at 25 °C, and 35% at 40 °C. When stored at 40% charge level, these figures are reduced to 2%, 4%, 15% at 0, 25 and 40 degrees Celsius respectively. Every deep discharge cycle decreases its capacity, and the degradation is sloped such that 100 cycles leave the battery with about 75% to 85% of the original. When used in laptop computers or cellular phones, this rate of deterioration means that after three to five years the battery will have capacities that are too low to be usable.\n\nOne great advantage of Li-ion batteries is their low self-discharge rate of only approximately 5% per month, compared with over 30% per month and 20% per month in nickel metal hydride batteries and nickel cadmium batteries, respectively.\n\nAnother great advantage is the fact that, unlike other types of rechargeable batteries, the lifespan of a Li-ion battery remains relatively unaffected if they remain "plugged in" after they have been fully charged.\n\nUnlike NiCad batteries or NiMH batteries, lithium-ion batteries should be charged early and often. However, if they are not used for a longer time, they should be brought to a charge level of around 40%. Never use the battery care functions some cellular phones provide for nickel based batteries. (This will deep cycle the batteries.) \n\nLi-ion batteries should be kept cool. Ideally they are stored in a refrigerator. Aging will take its toll much faster at high temperatures. Keeping them in very hot cars can kill lithium-ion batteries. \n\nStoring a Li-ion battery at the correct temperature and charge makes all the difference in maintaining its storage capacity. Note that it is very important not to store your battery at full charge. A Li-ion battery stored at 40% charge will last many times longer than one stored at 100% charge, particularly at higher temperatures.\n\nIf a Li-ion battery is stored with too low a charge, you run the risk of allowing the charge to drop below the battery's low-voltage threshold, and ending up with an unrecoverably dead battery. Once the charge has dropped to this level, recharging it can be dangerous. An internal safety circuit will therefore open to prevent charging, and the battery will be (for all practical purposes) dead.\n\nIf you already have two Li-ion batteries for a given
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"A better battery? A better mousetrap." \n\n"Every laptop and cell phone owner I know wants more battery time.  If it works as advertised, we'll soon see laptops with 10 hour batteries."\n\n"Saphion technology is superior because Saphion technology possesses safety and excellent cost/performance characteristics that cathode materials currently used in Lithium-ion batteries do not."
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You guys are both right--good answers.  Junction temperature also can affect the voltage drop.
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try out an electrolysis experiment with the battery u wil get to know abt the charges of the battery the place where the metal move is the negative charged one and where the non metal moves tht is the positive terminal
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Need to know a need or application. AC voltage by definition is bipolar. What are you trying to do?