Given the following standard potentials for the reduction of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD^+).......?
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See http://members.aol.com/logan20/elecspon.html for the equation to use.
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Hooooo.OK U want all explanation in yahoo answers?I Will try\n\nIN photosynthesis the sunlight energy is used by green plants to prepare food materials.\nn light reaction the sun light activates chlorophyll molecules so that they make NADDP2 and NADH2.These two in Calvin cycle reduce the co2+h2o in to glucose molecule\n\nIN respiration the reverse happens Of course in different steps\nGlucose molecule in respiration (it is a 6 carbon molecule6H12O6) passes through 3 phases to release the energy in the form of ATP(remember solar energy is taken in p.s to make glucose molecule)\n\nIn GLYCOLYSIS of respiration g;ucose divides in to two pyruvic acids which is aC3co,mpound (2X3=6CARBON glucose)\n\nIn KREBSCYCLE THE pyruvic acik(c3)com pound splits in to 3 co2 and while doing so , it producesNADPH2 nd NADH2\n\nINthe last phase the ELECTRON TRANSPORT  the reduced powers or NADH2 AND NADPH2  are oxidised  (at this stage it takes in oxygen_) in to energy(ATP)and co2\nso the end product in respiration is carbondioxide and energ y in the form of ATP
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S(s) + O2(g)------>SO2\n\n2Mg(s) + O2(g) -------> 2MgO(s)\n\nH2(g) + Br2 (g) -------> 2HBr(g)\n\n4Fe(s) + 3O2 -------> 2Fe2O3 (s)\n\nThen there are single replacement \n\nA + BC-------> AC + B\nZn(s) + 2HCl(aq)------->ZnCl2 (aq) + H2 (g)\nwhere one element replaces another\n\nthen there is double replacement \n\nAB+CD -------> AD + BC\n\nIn this one the positive ions in the reacting compounds switch places\n\nBaCl2 (aq) + Na2So4 (aq) --------.BaSo4 (s) + 2NaCl (aq)
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Using the Michaelis-Menten equation.\n\nMore details on teh attached link\n\nhttp://www.le.ac.uk/by/teach/biochemweb/tutorials/michment2print.html\n\nGood luck
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If we were to make room for errors, there should really be no limiting reagent because practically all of both Nitrogen and Hydrogen is used up during this reaction. If this values were actually exact, then Nitrogen would be the limiting reagent, but a very very little amount of Nitogen is needed for all the Hydrogen to react.\n\nWe solve this problem by first writing the equation\nN2 + 3H2 = 2NH3\nN2 = 14g*2 = 28g, 3H2 = 3(1*2) = 6g\nso 28g of Nitrogen needs 6g of Hydrogen for this reaction. Thus if we had 10.67g of Hydrogen in the reaction, 6g*49.84g/28g of hydrogen is needed to react = 10.68g of Hydrogen, but since we have 10.7g of it thus it is excess and thus the limiting reagent has to be Nitrogen, but notice that 10.68g and 10.7g are practically the same, so there might actually not be a limiting reagent. Using the other value(10.7), the amount of Nitrogen required would be 10.7g*28g/6g = 49.93, and since this is slightly more than the 49.84g we have, this confirms that Nitrogen is the limiting reagent. But note still that since this values are really close, there is a possibility that there is neither a limiting nor an excess reagent.
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how would they be uncoupled? \n\nUnless you are trying to say that one of them isn't functioning. Perhaps ATPase is inhibited or something.\n \nif so, then the most immediate would be a build up of the proton concentration in the mitochondrial intermembrane space. Physiological impact of that... i'm not too sure.\ni suppose NAD and FAD will be recycled initially cos ETC is still functioning, but obviously ADP is not being phosphorylated to form ATP. Deficiency of ATP = detrimental effects.\n\nif the ETC is disrupted (cytochrome inhibition by cyanide?), perhaps anaerobic respiration will kick in for a while? considering tt the aerobic route is faulty, there will be an increased dependency on glycolysis and the pyruvate/lactate route. but a net gain of 2 molecules of ATP per glucose molecule isn't very beneficial.
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the minimum amount of energy required to start a reaction
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Potential of Hydrogen.
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First you need to compare the standard reduction potentials of each half-reaction. (See URL below if you don't have values.) The more positive value will be the reduction half-equation and must therefore be the cathode (and the positive terminal for a voltaic cell). The other half equation will be the oxidation half-equation, and must therefore be the anode (and the negative terminal). You need to reverse this equation. Before you can add the two half-equations together, you must ensure that each half-equation has the same number of electrons.\n\na) has a problem; it is not balanced. Either the silver atom on the right hand side should have a single positive charge OR there should be 2 electrons on the left hand side.\n\nb) The MnO2 reduction half-equation has a more positive value than AgBr reduction half-equation, therefore is the cathode etc ie\n\nReduction: MnO2 + 4H^+ + 2e^- = Mn^2+ + 4H2O (Cathode, +ve)\nOxidation: Ag + Br^- =  AgBr + e^-           (Anode, -ve)\n\nNow multiply the oxidation half-equation by 2 so that the number of electrons in each half equation is the same: \n\n2Ag + 2Br^- =  2AgBr + 2e^-\nMnO2 + 4H^+ + 2e^- = Mn^2+ + 4H2O \n---------------------------------\n2Ag + 2Br^- + MnO2 + 4H^+ =  2AgBr + Mn^2+ + 4H2O \n\nNote: the electrons cancel out.\n\nc)  i hope that the above will allow you to complete this one on you own.
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Na+ Cl-\nC +4 O-2 each\nK+ Br-\nN-3 H+1 each\nMg+2 O-2
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MgSO4(s) + 2HCL(aq) ---> H2SO4(aq) + MgCl2 (aq)
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D) NADPH2  IS THE SOURCE ELECTRONS FOR THE LIGHT REACTION.\n    IT IS NOT   NADPH   AS YOU HAVE MENTIONED.
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4 NH3  +  5O2  --->  4 NO  +  6H2O\n2 NO  +  O2 ---> 2 NO2  +  N2O4\n3 NO2  +  H2O ---> 2 HNO3  +  NO
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NADH is produced in organisms in glycolysis and the Krebs cycle (TCA) cycle.  Formation of NAD+ to NADH is reduction.  NADH is produced to create reduction power for the cell.  Some of the reduction power is used in cellular synthesis reactions, but most of the reducing power is brought to the electron transport chain where it is manipulated to create alot of energy in the form of ATP.  Most of the energy created in eukaryotic cells (human, plant, algal, and fungal cells) is created using hte reduction power from NADH to create ATP at the mitochondria.
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1. AgCl(s) + NaNO3\n\n2. AgOH(s) + NaNO3\n\n3. They would not react as both are nitrates already
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for glycolysis ; 2 ATP\n\n34 ATP\nKreb's cylce : 2ATP + 8NADH + H+ +4CO2 +2FADH + H+\n \n1 NAD = 3 ATP\n1 FAD = 2ATP\n\nTOTAL 38 ATP
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Cyanide binds better to cytochrome 3a than oxygen and this affects the electron transport chain.  The last step in the electron transport chain is the transfer of electrons to oxygen gas using the cytochrome protein.  Cyanide binding to the cytochrome locks the protein and prevents electron transfer out of cytochrome 3a.  This messes up the whole electron transport chain as everything gets backed up in the mitochondrial inner membrane, which is where the cytochrome and other electron transport proteins are located.  \n\nSo when the electron transport chain is backed up this prevents the reducing power created in glycolysis and the Krebs Cycle from being used.  The reducing power from those two processes is what is used to create most of the energy derived from respiration.  So without use of the electron transport chain, which does not work when cyanide is present, only 3 or 4 ATP are made per glucose in the respiration reactions.  With the electron transport chain, in the absence of cyanide, about 34 ATP total are made from the respiration reactions.  \n\nSo overall cyanide greatly reduces the efficiency of respiration by preventing the use of a critical respiration protein.  The presence of cyanide in a cell can cause cell death within minutes due to the extreme inefficiency at which the cell produces energy.