Can anyone tell me some things about liquid lasers? I can't seem to find anything much on them..or in a book
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You could try a search on Google using "liquid lasers."\n\nSolid state, semiconductor, and gas lasers are more common than liquid lasers.\n\nMost liquid lasers are made with an organic dye - a kind of phosphorescent material suspended in a liquid.  Commercially available liquid lasers are usually called dye lasers, but not all dye lasers are liquid.\n\nFrequently liquid dye lasers are excited by a flashlamp.\n\nThe advantage of a liquid dye laser is that the output wavelength is "tunable," that is, you can select over a broad range what the output wavelength will be.\n\nI'll give a link in Sources to a recent article co-written by a friend of mine, Dave Titterton, who is a world renown expert in this field.  Go to link and click on the article called "From flashlamp-pumped Liquid Lasers to Diode-Pumped Solid-State Dye Lasers."
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The blue-green is so it will penetrate the oceans.  (Water absorbs red and other colours).\n\nCommunications by lasers cannot be listened to by enemies or other parties unless they are directly in the beam's path.  Combined with encryption the laser communications are very secure.\n\nAlso the current VLF (Very Low Frequency) communication systems cannot transfer data very fast so even small messages can take many minutes to transmit.  Lasers are capable of very high data rates (just look at CDs and DVDs).
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Light Amplification (by) Stimulated Emission (of) Radiation\n\nMany different types:\n\nRuby rod laser - basically a polished rod of aluminium oxide/chromium oxide (synthetic tuby), surrounded by apowerful flashtube.  - Visible Red\n\nNitrogen laser, co2 laser (gas lasers) fairly efficient by laser standards, inivisble output but can be strong enough to cut metal\n\nsemiconductor - both invisible and red - cheap for low power\n\ndpss  -  diode pumped solid state - these lasers use a "pump" diode which is usually 808nm, tis goes into a sliver of something called vanadate which take in light at 808bm (almost invisible Infra Red) and re-emit it at 1064nM (Invisible. It is then put through a crystal of KTP which halves the wavelength (doubling the frequency) and re-emits at 532nM - bright green
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dust\nDon't use a mirror to look at a laser. don't use anything to look at a laser unless you know what you are doing. not even one of those 'meeting pointers'. it could very easily damage your eye and cause blindness. don't even shine a laser at an object that is not intended to receive laser energy. you could crash a plane or hurt or kill someone else.
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you can try total internal reflection of light using a keychain laser (commonly availble) and tub filled with water. all you have to do is put a small piece of mirror in the tub filled with water, let laser fall upon it. see the trajectory of the reflected beam ofr different orintations/angle of reflections and you will find that for certain critical angle the reflected beam is trapped in the water due to the internal reflection of the laser. you can do the same thing by choosing a transparent bottle with a small hole on the curved surface close to the base. now fill it with water, and see that water flows out of the hole in a parabolic fashion, now shine the laser from the opposite side to illuminate the water column. take a white plastic sheet allow the water to fall upon it, you will find that the water emmits light. this also explains how fibre optics work.
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You don't need to do anything to use a laser in a room. \n\nLasers are not ionising radiation and need no special treatment.\n\nBut you may need to do things to make the room suitable for your particular laser application. For instance, it needs to be vibration free for holography.
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The invention of the laser, which stands for light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation, can be dated to 1958 with the publication of the scientific paper, Infrared and Optical Masers, by Arthur L. Schawlow, then a Bell Labs researcher, and Charles H. Townes, a consultant to Bell Labs. That paper, published in Physical Review, the journal of the American Physical Society
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Here is a great lab on ferrofluids that I am familiar with. Some info about ferrofluids is in there, too.\n\nhttp://mrsec.wisc.edu/Edetc/nanolab/ffexp/index.html
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You need a green- helium safe type- laser, a converter, an adapter. \nThe company heathkit/zenith used to sell them.\n \nAnd you need a lot of money to buy the equipment.
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As usual, howstuffworks has great illustrations and description of how things work, including LED's.  High intensity LED's use the same principles but supply greater light flux (and perhaps focus it better too).  Good luck.
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You need one that is fully mirrored.\n\nThis is needed - almost - in some types of laser. A cylinder is used where on side is a perfect mirror (as perfect as one can get) and the other side is a partial mirror (say 99% of the light is reflected, the rest goes through like glass).\n\nThis sort of configuration is used to build up the strength of the lasing effect inside the cylinder and make for a better laser.\n\nOther types of modern lasers are efficient enough that this isn't necessary. Enough lasing is done down the length of the laser that no reflections are needed.\n\n(This isn't to be confused with the other concept of a "light trap" which is to keep light from leaking out. In that case you need something like this:\nhttp://www.uky.edu/Ag/Entomology/ythfacts/4h/unit2/hotm&ult.htm )
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A LASER (Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation) is an optical source that emits photons.\nThe verb "to lase" means "to produce coherent light" or possibly "to cut or otherwise treat with coherent light", and is a back-formation of the term laser.
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Tons of information on plasma; lots of links also.\n\nEnjoy!\n\nhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plasma_%28physics%29
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The key to your answer is “brushed aluminum.”\nThe surfaces which reflect just a red dot are usually polished or very flat.  This causes them to reflect the laser light just like a mirror, with very little scattering.\nBrushed aluminum, on the other hand, has very tiny scratches on its surface.  The sides of these scratches will cause the laser light to scatter in different directions, forming the “halo.”
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i think that you should try to make some working models of semi conductors and and their use in the LED as you will search for the led then you will find that how semi. cond. helped to enrich the fields of leds . and i think that either you can go with the working projet of radar and how they used . or on lasers. lasers is really an interestin field. and i don't have any idea bout the chems. go to the discovery kids.com site and you will thousand of project reports.
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You will need a laser diode. Other laser types (gas, solid state) usually have much larger cavities then a semiconductor laser, and therefore are much larger. As far as finding a laser diode, There are companies that make them, although the only one I know off the top of my head is Tyco, and they make laser diodes for fiber optic applications which are around 1 micrometer (wave length), which is in the infrared range. You'll have to do some searching. Other then the laser diode, a resistor (to control the current) and a voltage source (battery) should be all you need (I've never tried to actually make one, but I am an Electrical Engineering student).
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a red l.e.d. laser is currently used.  Very soon, blue lasers will be generally on the market, but they will be a bit pricey for a while until the technology matures a bit.