Alkene converting to ethanol, can I use Sulfuric Acid instead of Phosphoric Acid?
440879
Alcohols can be prepared by adding water to an alkene in the presence of a strong acid such as concentrated sulfuric acid. This reaction involves adding an H2O molecule across a C=C double bond. Because these reactions follow Markovnikov's rule, the product of the reaction is often a highly substituted 2 or 3 alcohol.
177902
Well, it's not easy. Phosphoric acid is H3PO4. Phosphorus is at an oxidation state of +5. If you want it to reduce to plain phosphorus (ox. state of 0), you'll need something to oxidize. If you're not a professional chemist, it'd be much, much, much easier just to buy some phosphorus.
532375
Phosphoric Acid, H3PO4.
864248
I understand that the compound in question is soluble in both pet. ether and ethanol. The reason why pet. ether is preferred must be to do with the volatility of pet. ether. \n\nYou can easily evaporate pet. ether, which is why this is preferred over ethanol. \n\nThanks.
256628
if we are talking just Vinegar (acetic acid) and sulfur there is a possibility it would react to form hydrogen sulfide (H2S). H2S is toxic so you need to do it in small amounts and a WELL VENTILATED AREA!!!
4591
sugars + yeast + water = ethanol ;I wouldn't drink it though unless you know what you are doing. There is always the possibility of methanol contamination that's the reason for distillation. IF YOU DRINK IT YOU COULD GO BLIND!!!
1185900
H2SO4 + 2KOH --> K2SO4 + 2H2O
182435
Well, there are a lot.\n\nSubstiution:\n\nR-OH + SOCl2 ---> R-Cl\n\nElimination\n        \nR-R'-OH ---->  R=R' + H20 (with an acid catalyst and heat)\n\nReduction:\n\nR-OH ---> R-CH3 (Barton Reduction)\n\nOxidation:\n\nR-OH ---> R-COOH\nR-OH ---> R=O\n\nThen alcohols can act as nucleophiles, so there is a another set of reactions. But I've listened enough, imho.
134491
if you look at the sequence methane ethane propane butane pentane hexane heptane ... it goes from gas to liquid, as the molecules go heavier. now ethanol is lighter than hexane, so it is no wonder that somewhere there must be a point where alkanes have a lower boiling point than ethanol. exactly where is difficult to calculate from first principles but it must be somewhere. so why not at heptane.
139601
This is an esterification, \nButanoic Acid (CH3CH2CH2CO2H)+ ethanol (HO-CH2CH3), in basic media, yields ethyl butyrate. \n\nCH3CH2CH2CO2H + HO-CH2CH3 --> CH3CH2CH2COO-CH2CH3
106494
First, distill off the alcohol. With ethanol, the best you can get is 95% purity, the remaining 5% is water. There are cheap zeolites and hygroscopic salts such as CaCl2 or NaOH available which can further reduce the amount of water. If you are still not happy, you can get absolute alcohols by using magnesium. And magnesium ribbons or turnings are relatively cheap, too. Place (50-100 g) magnesium in a flask, put some amount of alcohol just to cover the magnesium. Leave for a few hours until you see white magnesium alkoxide being formed on the surface of the metal. Caution: exothermic reaction. Use the tallest distillation column you can find. Do not stir the mixture. Just leave it there. When you have now a lot of magnesium alkoxide you can add more alcohol (up to 2 liters). The alkoxide will destroy any water in the alcohol and you now can distill off your absolute alcohols. For methanol and ethanol, formation of the alkoxide takes only a few hours. For other alcohols, you might need to activate the magnesium by adding some solid iodine and heating to activate the magnesium. Don't distill to dryness. The remaining alkoxide reacts violently with water. Use alcohol-water mixture when disposing them. Sounds fun, doesn't it? =)
476482
phosphoric acid is the catalyst used in the synthesis.    Its a one to one molar ratio reaction.
862652
Make Your Own Gelled Alcohol Fuel - Canned Heat\n \nExtreme do it yourselfers can make their own gelled fuel at home with by mixing alcohol and calcium acetate (C4H6CaO4).\n \nThe following instructions and measurements are from the Montville High School Science Departmental.\n \nAdd 25g of crushed chalk or egg shells (calcium carbonate-CaCO3) to 100ml of vinegar (water and acetic acid - CH3CO2H) and stir for about 5 minutes.\nThis should produce carbon dioxide (CO2), calcium acetate (C4H6CaO4) and water (H2O) plus leave you with some left over chalk (CaCO3).  If you are guessing on how much chalk to add, just make sure that there is a little extra after 5 minutes of stirring.\n \nRemove the excess chalk by filtering your mix through some filter paper (coffee filter or napkin can be used).\nSet a funnel in a jar, place your filter in it and pour your suspension through it.\n \nMark the level of your solution in its container and allow your solution to evaporate off about half that volume to remove the excess water.\nPlace your solution in an oven set on low heat or place it out in the sun to dry.  If you went to far - just add the missing water.\nNote - if you like, you can dry out your solution completely and store the remaining dried calcium acetate for future use.\n \nIf your solution isn't already in the container you want your gel in, then pour it in there now.\n \nAdd 30ml of alcohol (ethanol, methanol, or isopropanol) to your solution and watch the gel form.  Do not stir.\n \nOnce the reaction in complete, pour off any extra fuel.\n \n \nY2kSurvivor suggests:\nDissolved calcium acetate solution ratio:\n1 part dry calcium acetate (by volume) to 2 parts water\n \nSolution to fuel ratio:\n1 part dissolved calcium acetate solution to 4 parts alcohol\n \nAlso see:\nCanned Heat: Alcohol Gels - University of Wisconsin\nCanned Heat An Alcohol Gel - Chem Matters\nCanned Heat: Sterno - Normal Community High school
93201
To go from 1-butanol to 1-pentanol, the easiest path to go is,\n1. Treat 1-butanol with PBr3, to yield 1-Bromobutane.\n2. Use a grignard reagent to produce CH3CH2CH2CH2MgBr.\n3. React this compound with formaldehyde, HCOH.\n4. Protonate to form 1-pentanol.\n\nCH3CH2CH2CH2-OH + PBr3 --> CH3CH2CH2CH2Br + grignard (Mg) ->\nCH3CH2CH2CH2MgBr + HCOH --> / H+ CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2-OH\n\n-----------------------------------------\nPropanal cannot undergo cannizzaro reaction because it has acidic alpha hydrogens to the carbonyl group of the aldehyde, instead it will undergo aldol condensation.\n\nhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cannizzaro_reaction
550368
I think you have a notational error: did you mean Al2(SO4)3 for aluminum sulfate?\nIf that is the case, then proceed as follows: \nAl(OH)3 + H2SO4 -> Al2(SO4)3 +H2O\n1. First, balance the Aluminum atoms:\n\n2Al(OH)3 + H2SO4 -> Al2(SO4)3+H2O (2 Al)\n2. Next, balance the Sulfur:\n2AL(OH)3 + 3H2SO4 -> Al2(SO4)3+H2O (3 S)\n3. Next, balance Oxygen:\n2AL(OH)3 + 3H2SO4 -> Al2(SO4)3+6H2O (18 O)\n4. Hydrogen is already balanced (12 H)\nGenerally speaking, the strategy is to balance the least represented element first until you move to the most represented.(here it was aluminum, followed by sulfur). Hydrogen is usually the last one you balance.
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Ethanol, or ethyl alcohol.\n\nSplit the water (H2O) into H and OH.\nSplit one of the bonds of the double bond two form two new single bonds.\nAttach the H to one, the OH to the other, to form H3C-CH2OH.
389540
Well, ethanol is a hydrocarbon, so the combustion reaction is:\n\n2C2H5OH + 7O2 --> 4CO2 + 6H2O\n\nThis reaction produces a lot of energy. If an engine is created for ethanol use, it can utilize that energy in a cylinder just like a normal engine.