describe the formation of nylon (a polyamide) and terylene (a polyester) by condensation polymerisation.?
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Condensation_polymerization
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Poly(iso-butyl methacrylate)\n\nbutyl methacrylate/isobutyl methacrylate copolymer
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The term is polymerization.  This can refer to the making of polysaccharides from simple sugars as mentioned above.  It can also mean the making of DNA or RNA from single nucleotides, the making of protein peptides from singel amino acids, or the making of polymer plastics from smaller maolecules.  The idea is that several monomers (free units that have a joining point at each end) can link together like a chain making a polymer.  There are more examples than the four here, but those four are the most common.
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Natural rubber is formed in the plant H. brasileinsis as a colloidal dispersion of nanoscale latex particles in water. It is made by head-tail condensation of isoprene units derived from isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP). \nNatural rubber from H. brasileinsis contains some 5,000-10,000 isoprene units exclusively in cis configuration.\nIn contrast, there are many ways to produce rubber synthetically, but the most common is a co polymerisation of a diene and an alkene e.g. SBR rubber is formed from the copolymerisation of butadiene and phenylethene.  This is carried out using a process called emulsion polymerisation which is very similar to the process used in nature. If you need anything else try reading Chemistry Review volume 11 number 4 (April 2002)
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The polymerization of nylon is the same no matter what. The tire cord is most likely an after polymerization extrusion process, as is carpet fiber made from nylon
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Polymers are made when you have a single unit -- a monomer -- that can react with other units to form a long chain.  As such, an alkane such as methane or ethane cannot form a polymer, since there is no way for them to polymerize.\n\nHowever, and alkEne, such as ethylene -- with a chemical structure H2C=CH2 -- can polymerize, becuase the double bond can be broken and add two more monomers to start forming the chain.  This is how polyethylene is made.  The double bond can also participate in cross-linking with other chains, which alters the properties of the polymer.\n\nPolyesters are the result of the reaction of a di-carboxylic acid with a glycol.  Carbohydrate monomers can link up to form dimers, trimers, and longer polymers that create the backbones of many living systems.  Polyisoprene is the name for natural rubber -- another polymer.\n\nPolymer science is a huge, and growing subset of chemistry.
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Polypropylene or polypropene (PP) is a thermoplastic polymer, used in a wide variety of applications, including food packaging, textiles, laboratory equipment, automotive components, and polymer banknotes. An addition polymer made from the monomer propylene, it is unusually resistant to many chemical solvents, bases and acids. Its resin identification code is the number 5 surrounded by a recycling symbol, with the letters "P P" below.
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i don't know exactly how the film is made. but the polythene is made up of monomers called ethene. Ethene is an alkene - notice the 'ene' on the end. Ethene has come from a process of 'cracking'. Before cracking, ethene was ethane - and guess what these are called- alkanes - notice the 'ane'. Alkanes make up crude oil, which we fractionally distill to get fuels such as petrol (for cars) and kerosine( aeroplane fuel)  \nAll these monomers (ethene) will join together to make a polymer - which in this case is polythene - in theory it should be called polyethene, not polythene. This process is called polymersiation. \n\nthis is it in basic form\n\ncrude oil ---> fractionally distilled (burn off fuels at certain temperatures) ----> get alkanes (which have a single carbon bond)-->process of cracking --> get an alkene (which have a double carbon bond - making it more reactive than an alkane) -->example - get ethene, which is a monomer ---> this monomer comes together with other monomers to make a polymer----> this process is polymerisation ----> the ethene monomers will come together to form polythene\n\nThere are other examples - such as the alkane - propane - notice 'ane' again. Once propane is cracked, it will form into an alkene called propene - notice 'ene' - the monomers are propene. So loads of propene monomers will come together (polymerisation) and form polyPROPene , not polyTHEne
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Fibers of KEVLAR® consist of long molecular chains produced from poly-paraphenylene terephthalamide. The chains are highly oriented with strong interchain bonding which result in a unique combination of properties.
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Carpet is formed from nylon and polypropylene.  The polypropylene depending on its isomeric state (isotactic, syntactic, etc.) and its chain length will have different thermal properties, thus a low or high softening temperature.
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In addition polymerization, many small units of the same type called monomers combine to form a long chain of a polymer, with simple covalent bonds and no loss of a molecule. For this polymerization to occur, the monomer must have a C=C double bond, because polymerization takes place across the double bond E.g. formation of polyethene from ethene; polypropene from propene etc.\n\nIn condensation polymerization, two same monomers or two different monomers combine to form a polymer, with the elimination of a small molecule like H20. Here, a double bond need not be present. E.g. formation of proteins from aminoacids etc.
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silicone, carbon, nitrogen, sulphur ect. basically eny  elements from grp 4 - grp 7, all group 3 elements r amphoteric( both acid n base) n grp 1 n2 oxides r basic
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Polymers are substances whose molecules have high molar masses and are composed of a large number of repeating units. There are both naturally occurring and synthetic polymers. Among naturally occurring polymers are proteins, starches, cellulose, and latex. Synthetic polymers are produced commercially on a very large scale and have a wide range of properties and uses. The materials commonly called plastics are all synthetic polymers. \n\n  \n\n             Polymers are formed by chemical reactions in which a large number of molecules called monomers are joined sequentially, forming a chain. In many polymers, only one monomer is used. In others, two or three different monomers may be combined. Polymers are classified by the characteristics of the reactions by which they are formed. If all atoms in the monomers are incorporated into the polymer, the polymer is called an addition polymer. If some of the atoms of the monomers are released into small molecules, such as water, the polymer is called a condensation polymer. Most addition polymers are made from monomers containing a double bond between carbon atoms. Such monomers are called olefins, and most commercial addition polymers are polyolefins. Condensation polymers are made from monomers that have two different groups of atoms which can join together to form, for example, ester or amide links. Polyesters are an important class of commercial polymers, as are polyamides (nylon).
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Because if it is made of plastic, Plastic is a product of petroleum.\n\nYou will probably be surprised to know that a plastic bottle is made from the same petrochemical as the fiber we call polyester!\n\nAll plastic products, many of the materials used to make the clothes you wear, or the carpet you walk on, plus hundreds of the other products we take for granted, are made from petrochemicals. As the name implies, a main ingredient in petrochemicals is oil. \n\nPlastic: Any of various complex organic compounds produced by polymerization, capable of being molded, extruded, cast into various shapes and films, or drawn into filaments used as textile fibers. \n-- Webster's Dictionary\n\nThat's an interesting definition, you may be thinking, but really -- how is plastic made? What's involved in the plastics manufacturing process? \nThe Basics of Plastic Manufacturing \n\nThe term "plastics" encompasses organic materials, such as the elements carbon (C), hydrogen (H), nitrogen (N), chlorine (Cl) and sulfur (S), which have properties similar to those naturally grown in organic materials such as wood, horn and rosin. Organic materials are based on polymers, which are produced by the conversion of natural products or by syththesis from primary chemicals coming from oil, natural gas or coal. \n\nThe plastic manufacturing process begins by heating the hydrocarbons in a "cracking process." Here, in the presence of a catalyst, larger molecules are broken down into smaller ones such as ethylene (ethene) C2H4, propylene (propene) C3H6, and butene C4H8 and other hydrocarbons. The yield of ethylene is controlled by the cracking temperature and is more than 30% at 850°C and such products as styrene and vinylchloride can be produced in subsequent reactions. These are then the starting materials for several other types of plastics. Therefore, this process results in the conversion of the natural gas or crude oil components into monomers such as ethylene, propylene, butene and styrene. \n\nThese monomers are then chemically bonded into chains called polymers. Different combinations of monomers yield plastic resins with different properties and characteristics. Each monomer yields a plastic resin with different properties and characteristics. Combinations of monomers produce copolymers with further property variations. \n\nThe resulting resins may be molded or formed to produce several different kinds of plastic products with application in many major markets. The variability of resin permits a compound to be tailored to a specific design or performance requirement. This is why certain plastics are best suited for some applications while others are best suited for entirely different applications. For instance, impact strength measures the ability of a material to withstand shock loading. Heat resistance protects the resin from exposure to excessive temperatures. Chemical resistance protects the resin from breakdown due to exposure to environmental chemicals. \n\nSome examples of material properties in plastic product applications are: \n\nHot-filled packaging used for products such as ketchup \nChemical-resistant packaging used for products such as bleach \nImpact strength of car bumpers \n\nThe Structure of Polymers \n\nPolymers are created by the chemical bonding of many identical or related basic units and those produced from a single monomer type are called homopolymers. These polymers are specifically made of small units bonded into long chains. Carbon makes up the backbone of the molecule and hydrogen atoms are bonded along the carbon backbone. \n\nPolymers that contain primarily carbon and hydrogen are classified as organic polymers. Polypropylene, polybutylene, polystyrene and polymethylpentene are examples of these.\n\nEven though the basic makeup of many polymers is carbon and hydrogen, other elements can also be involved. Oxygen, chlorine, fluorine, nitrogen, silicon, phosphorous and sulfur are other elem
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Polyethylene terephthalate ( PET, PETE or the obsolete PETP or PET-P) is a thermoplastic polymer resin of the polyester family that is used in synthetic fibers; beverage, food and other liquid containers; thermoforming applications; and engineering resins often in combination with glass fiber. It is one of the most important raw materials used in man-made fibers.\n\nDepending on its processing and thermal history, it may exist both as an amorphous (transparent) and as a semi-crystalline (opaque and white) material. \nDensity 1370 kg/m3 \nYoung's modulus(E) 2800–3100 MPa \nTensile strength(σt) 55–75 MPa \nElongation @ break 50–150% \nnotch test 3.6 kJ/m2 \nGlass temperature 75 °C \nmelting point 260 °C \nVicat B 170 °C \nThermal conductivity 0.24 W/m.K \nlinear expansion coefficient (α) 7×10−5/K \nSpecific heat (c) 1.0 kJ/kg.K \nWater absorption (ASTM) 0.16 \nPrice 0.5–1.25 €/kg
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Poly amide is Nylon. Just go to any clothes shop
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I don't understand 100% your question. But one of the best sources of information for any kind of chemicals is NIST.\nBelow you have some data on polyethylene.\n\nhttp://webbook.nist.gov/cgi/cbook.cgi?ID=C9002884&Units=SI&Mask=4#Thermo-Phase\nhttp://webbook.nist.gov/cgi/cbook.cgi?ID=C9002884&Units=SI&Mask=2#Thermo-Condensed\nhttp://webbook.nist.gov/cgi/cbook.cgi?ID=C9002884&Units=SI&Type=SS\n\nGood luck!