what are the named eye signs in thyrotoxic exophthalmos?they are said to be 40 of them,what are they?
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Prominence of the eyes is the most important sign. A wild or staring expression is often observed. Lag of the lids behind the globes on downward rotation and lag of the globes behind the lids in upward rotation, infrequent blinking, failure to wrinkle the forehead on looking upward, and decreased ability to converge are also cardinal manifestations. Swelling of the lids is a characteristic and frequent eye sign. The bulbar conjunctiva may be edematous (chemosis). The insertions of the medial and lateral rectus muscles are often enlarged, inflamed, and quite obvious . The lacrimal gland may protrude below the orbital bone margin.\na list would look something like;;;;\nOphthalmic phenomena reflecting thyrotoxicosis per se and apparently resulting from sympathetic overactivity:\nLid reaction\nWide palpebral aperture (Dalrymple's sign)\nLid lag (von Graefe's sign)\nStaring or frightened expression\nInfrequent blinking (Stellwag's sign)\nAbsence of forehead wrinkling on upward gaze (Joffroy's sign)\nOphthalmic phenomena unique for Graves' disease and caused by specific pathologic changes in the orbit and its contents:\nInability to keep the eyeballs converged (Mobius' sign)\nLimitation of movement of the eyeballs, especially upward\nDiplopia\nBlurred vision due to inadequate convergence and accommodation\nSwelling of orbital contents and puffiness of the lids\nChemosis, corneal injection, or ulceration\nIrritation of the eye or pain in the globe\nExophthalmos (also produces mechanically a wide palpebral fissure)\nVisible and palpable enlargement of the lacrimal glands\nVisible swelling of lateral rectus muscles as they insert into the globe, and injection of the overlying vessels\nDecreased visual acuity due to papilledema, retinal edema, \nretinal hemorrhages, or optic nerve damage\n\nwanna know more?
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The standard eye chart is called the Snellen Chart, after the Dutch ophthalmologist Herman Snellen (1834-1908). Snellen developed the chart in 1862; it measures visual acuity, or the ability to see from a fixed distance. \nWhy the big "E?" That's how Snellen designed the original, and having a standard letter on top helps to determine the chart's size and the distance it should be from the patient. However, we found several variations of the Snellen chart: the letter "A" on top, "K V D" on top, as well as the letter "F." \n\nThe size of the letters relative to each other is very important. Snellen letters, also known as optotypes, grow progressively smaller according to a constant ratio. The eighth row of letters is usually the 20/20 line. Someone with 20/20 vision has "normal" vision (though 61% of Americans wear corrective lenses), while someone with 20/40 vision can only see at twenty feet what a normal person can see from forty feet. \n\nSome charts use a series of "Es" facing different directions; the objective is to identify the directions of the letters. This is a popular test for children or people who can't read.
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There are some signs and symptoms of thyroid problems, but no diagnostic way of confirming without blood work.\nLook up hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism on web for some of the signs.
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In humans? 47.\nhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triple_X_syndrome
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The meanings are as follows:\nDiffuse: widely spread or scattered.\nThyro: thyroid\nmegaly: enlargement of\n\nA complete diagnosis of Thyromegaly should have one from each clause. It can be a combination of any.  \n\nInvestigations for Thyromegaly  \n(A) To confirm the Anatomical Diagnosis: \nUltrasonogram of Neck \nTc99 Scan \nI131 Scan \n\n(B) To Confirm the Physiological Diagnosis: \n\n\nSerum T3, T4, TSH \nThyroid Antibody \nRadio Active Iodine Uptake \n \n\n(C) To confirm the Pathological Diagnosis: \n\n\nFine Needle Aspiration Cytology \nIDL Scopy ( Vocal cord paralysis is an indirect evidence of malignancy) \n \nTreatment for Thyromegaly\n \n(A) For Anatomical problems: \n\nSolitary Nodule + Benign = Hemithyroidectomy \nB) For Physiological Problems: \n(1) Hypothyroidism + Diffuse Goitre = elevated TSH is the cause for the goitre.Hence, suppress TSH with Thyroxine \n\n(2) Hyperthyroidism + Diffuse Goitre = Anti thyroid drugs or I131 treatment \n\n(3) Hyperthyroidism + Multinodular Goitre = Anti thyroid drugs + Near total Thyroidectomy \n\n(4)Hypothyroidism + Multinodular Goitre = Thyroxine + Near total thyroidectomy. \n\n \n(C) For Pathological Problems: \n\nFor all Malignancies whether they are Solitary nodule or Multinodular Goitre or Diffuse Goitre the only treatment is Total Thyroidectomy
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found this by searching on webmd.com:\n\nhttp://www.webmd.com/drugs/mono-6093-CIPROFLOXACIN+-+OPHTHALMIC+DROPS.aspx?drugid=8423&drugname=Ciloxan
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Yes, I have seen many patients with large benign pituitary tumours who have had them removed and been fine. They can often cause problems by pressing on the Optic Chiasm (Where your optic nerves join together) giving loss of vision at the sides. Sometimes they can secrete excessive levels of hormones naturally secreted from the pituitary. Very often however they cause no problem at all. Removing them is often straight forward.
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It is normally called Hyperthyroidism and the symptoms can be: \n\nWeakness\nSleeping difficulty\nSkin - clammy\nSkin blushing/flushing\nPulse - bounding\nNausea and vomiting\nMenstruation - absent\nItching - overall\nHeartbeat sensations\nHand tremor\nHair loss\nDiarrhea\nBreast development in men\nBlood pressure - high\nProtruding eyes (exophthalmos)\n\nAs well as:\n\nWeight loss \nIncreased appetite \nNervousness \nRestlessness \nHeat intolerance \nIncreased sweating \nFatigue \nFrequent bowel movements \nMenstrual irregularities in women \nGoiter (visibly enlarged thyroid) may be present
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If it is for the same person then the results mean \n\nLeft Eye - You can see at 20 feet what an average person sees at 50 feet \nRight Eye - You can see at 20 feet what an average person sees at 300 feet \n\nYou need glasses.
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heterochromia\n\nhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eye_color#Heterochromia
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Definatly go see an optomitrist as soon as you can. I found this on web md this is the only thing I could find. Hope this helps and hope it's not too serious.\n\n\n  \n\n \n \nQuestion\n\nI have developed a greyish ring around my iris in both eyes. \n\nCould you please tell me what it is? I have not been to a doctor since I was 8 years old. \n\nAnswer\n\nDeposits within the cornea may occur in a variety of conditions. Often these are caused by drugs that are used in the treatment of medical conditions; sometimes they may be fatty deposits and only rarely are they the tell tale signs of systemic disease. \n\nAssuming that you enjoy good health, that you do not have gout (podagra or uric acid) or liver disease and that you take no medication, I suggest that you visit your optician first and then your doctor.\n\nIt will be helpful if you are able to tell your GP the details of your blood-relatives' history of any familial illnesses. You probably have arcus senilis whereby fat is deposited in the eye. Since this is sometimes associated with abnormalities of fat metabolism, your doctor may wish to check your fasting levels of blood fats. However, in most individuals arcus is an incidental finding of no great importance.\n\nYours sincerely\n\nThe Medical Team\n\n \n\n \nLast updated 24.01.2006
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A goiter is an enlargement of the thyroid gland. Persons with enlarged thyroids may have normal function of the gland (euthyroidism), thyroid deficiency (hypothyroidism), or overproduction of the hormones (hyperthyroidism). Goiter may be congenital or acquired, endemic or sporadic.\nThe goiter often results from increased pituitary secretion of thyrotropic hormone in response to decreased circulating levels of thyroid hormones. Thyroid enlargement may also result from infiltrative processes that may be inflammatory or neoplastic. Goiter in patients with thyrotoxicosis is caused by thyrotropin receptor-stimulating antibodies.\n\n\n Figure 561-1 Congenital goiter in infancy. A, Large congenital goiter in an infant born to a mother with thyrotoxicosis who had been treated with iodides and methimazole during pregnancy. B, A 6-wk-old infant with increasing respiratory distress and cervical mass since birth. The operation revealed a large goiter that almost completely encircled the trachea. Notice the anterior deviation and posterior compression of the trachea. Partial thyroidectomy completely relieved the symptoms. It is apparent why a tracheostomy is not adequate treatment for these infants. The cause for the goiter was not found.\n561.1 Congenital Goiter\nCongenital goiter is usually sporadic and may result from a fetal thyroxine (T4 ) synthetic defect or the administration of antithyroid drugs or iodides during pregnancy for the treatment of thyrotoxicosis. Goitrogenic drugs and iodides cross the placenta and at high doses may interfere with synthesis of thyroid hormone, resulting in goiter and hypothyroidism in the fetus. The concomitant administration of thyroid hormone with the goitrogen does not prevent this effect, because insufficient amounts of T4 cross the placenta. Iodides are included in many proprietary preparations used to treat asthma; these preparations must be avoided during pregnancy because they have often been a cause of unexpected congenital goiter. Amiodarone, an antiarrhythmic drug with a 37% iodine content, has also caused congenital goiter with hypothyroidism. Even when the infant is clinically euthyroid, there may be retardation of osseous maturation, low levels of T4 , and elevated levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH). In women with Graves disease on antithyroid drugs, these effects can occur when the mother takes only 100–200?mg of propylthiouracil/24?hr; all such infants should undergo thyroid studies at birth. Administration of thyroid hormone to affected infants may be indicated to treat clinical hypothyroidism, to hasten the disappearance of the goiter, and to prevent brain damage. Because the condition is rarely permanent, thyroid hormone may be safely discontinued after the antithyroid drug has been excreted by the neonate, usually after a week.\nEnlargement of the thyroid at birth may occasionally be sufficient to cause respiratory distress that interferes with nursing and may even cause death. The head may be maintained in extreme hyperextension. When respiratory obstruction is severe, partial thyroidectomy rather than tracheostomy is indicated ( Fig. 561–1 ).\nGoiter is almost always present in the congenitally hyperthyroid infant. These goiters usually are not large; the infant manifests\n\n1882\nclinical symptoms of hyperthyroidism, and the mother often has a history of Graves disease (see Chapter 562.1 ). TSH receptor-activating mutations are also a recognized cause of congenital goiter. \nWhen no causative factor is identifiable, a defect in synthesis of thyroid hormone should be suspected. Neonatal screening programs find congenital hypothyroidism caused by such a defect in 1/30,000–50,000 live births. If the infant is hypothyroid, it is advisable to treat immediately with thyroid hormone and to postpone more detailed studies for later in life. Because these defects are transmitted by recessive genes, a precise diagnosis is helpful for genetic counseling. Monitoring subsequent
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92002 eye exam, new patient\n92004 eye exam, new patient\n92012 eye exam, established patient\n92014 eye exam, and treatment\n\n\nContact Lenses\n92070 Fit, disease treatment, includes lens\n92326 Replace\n92310 Script and fit, corneal, OU, except aphakia\n92311 Script and fit, aphakia, one eye
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sounds like it could be retinoblastoma. It's bascially a tumor in the eye. Can be malignant. The only way to get rid of it is to remove the whole eye.. I mean if this is what she has. It's better to do it sooner than later before it spreads to the other eye. Any how the best thing to do would be to see a dr.
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It is an infection of the eyelid that is very common. This is from a Spanish medical dictionary http://www.pediatraldia.cl/orzuelos.htm\n\nIf you had asked the question in English you would have gotten more replies.
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There is something called Tuja or Thuja.  Maybe homeopath medicine.  Consult a doctor since the child is quite small and the area is near the eye.
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i think so.apparently the feeling of the eyelid pressing down on the optic nerve is supposed to be the most excrutiating pain ever