What is the normal range of oxygen saturations in a normal assumed fit adult?
439771
There are two oxygen carrying mechanisms in the blood. One is dissolved oxygen in the plasma. The other is hemoglobin, the red colored stuff in the red blood cells. It combines with oxygen in the lungs, and releases it in the tissues, where it picks up CO2. CO2 also dissolves in the plasma, and both tend to give it up in the lungs. \n\nSaturation is a measure of how much oxygen is in the blood sampled as compared to the maximum possible. In hospitals, it is non-invasively measured by optical sensing through a finger tip. It's that little glowing clamp thing they stick on a finger. \n\nThis works because oxygen carrying hemoglobin is 'redder' than non-oxygen carrying hemoglobin. But it doesn't include the oxygen carried by the plasma, since plasma with oxygen isn't noticeably different in color than plasma with less oxygen in it. So this measurement isn't (quite) accurate since it's not really measuring all the oxygen present. \n\nBut this is clinically useful because it's a reasonable measure of what's really the point of bothering with oxygen saturation at all. some lung conditions interfere with the transfer of oxygen and CO2 in the lungs. Since the hemoglobin saturation participates in that transfer, how well it's been saturated can be used for practical clinical indications. We don't really need to know exactly what the oxygen saturation is, since, if it's good enough, that's all we need to know. Only if there's some major problem, will we need to know anything more detailed.
184524
Most sources state the volume of blood in an average human adult, who is between 150 to 160 pounds, as between 4.7 and 5 liters, although the more recent sources state the volume of blood in an average adult as 4.7 liters. Sources state that an 80-pound child had about half that amount, and an 8-pound infant has about 8.5 ounces. People who live at high altitudes, where the air contains less oxygen, may have up to 1.9 liters more blood than people who live in low altitude regions
461769
The normal resting heartbeat range is from 60 to 100.
125020
Humans typically breathe between 12 and 20 times per minute, with children breathing faster than adults. Babies may breathe as much as 40 times per minute. Adults normally breathe about 500-700ml of air at a time. An average 14 year old takes around 30,000 breaths per day.
879567
"The normal pH of human arterial blood is approximately 7.40 (normal range is 7.35-7.45), a weak alkaline solution. Blood that has a pH below 7.35 is acidic, while blood pH above 7.45 is alkaline. \n\nBlood pH along with arterial carbon dioxide tension (PaCO2) and HCO3 readings are helpful in determining the acid-base balance of the body. The respiratory system and urinary system normally control the acid-base balance of blood as part of homeostasis."\n\nSo basically, the body has a very narrow pH range it must maintain in order to be considered normal.  The body has a natural acid (carbon dioxide) and a natural base (bicarbonate) that it uses to maintain a steady pH.  A pH above or below the normal range can result in potentially life-threatening conditions.
538874
I think both your answers are right. \n\nAccording to my books, normal values are pH = 7.4, PCO2 = 40mm Hg, and HCO3 = 24 mM.\n\nRespiratory acidosis: pH < 7.4, CO2 too high\nMetabolic acidosis: pH < 7.4, HCO3 too low\n\nRespiratory alkalosis: pH > 7.4, CO2 too low\nMetabolic alkalosis: pH > 7.4, HCO3 too high\n\nSo the way I figure out these problems is first to look at the pH. Even if compensated, it will never get back to normal so it should tell you right away if it's acidosis vs alkalosis. \n\nThen look at both the PCO2 and HCO3. Are they both above normal, below normal, or is one above and the other below? If one is above and the other below, then it means that the state is uncompensated and it should be easy to figure out the cause.\n\nIf they are both either below or above normal, then you have to look at either CO2 or HCO3 more closely. I usually like to concentrate on HCO3, but it really doesn't matter which one you want to look at. \n\nSo looking at your problem 1 for example, pH - 7.63 tells me its alkalosis. Both CO2 and HCO3 levels are lower than normal, so I know it's being compensated for. From what I know about alkalosis, it's either caused by low C02 or high HCO3. Since HCO3 is low in this case yet the blood pH is basic, I know it can't be the cause of the alkalosis. CO2 however looks to fit into the model, so HCO3 must be compensating.\n\nAnyway, hope this makes sense, kinda hard to explain completely in a post.
257642
195-200 is exceptionally high.  Especially if you are maintaining that for 10-15 min.  You're 25 years old.  Your maximum heart rate should not exceed 195 (220-25) for any long or extending periods during your training.  I would be curious to know what:\n\n#1: what is your resting heart rate?\n#2: what is your resting and active blood pressure before and after exercise.  \n\nYou may have tachycardia (abnormally rapid beating of the heart) which would explain the exceptionally high heart rate during exercise.  My resting heart rate is 55, and the only time I can maintain a heart rate of 195 for any length of time is during a VO2 max test which is no longer than 2min spurts.  It would be physiologically very difficult for any 25 year old to maintain that heart rate for 10-15 minutes (regardless of fitness) without having predisposed tachycardia.\n\nIt's nothing to be too alarmed about as there are many athletes with tachycardia who can still perform quite well, however I would advise you to get it checked out through your Physician and you may require a stress test to validate initial findings.\n\nYou can calculate your risks of exercise including tachycardia here:\nhttp://preventdisease.com/healthtools/articles/exercise_risk.html
1038791
I found an answer here:\nhttp://www.auburn.edu/communications_marketing/askaubie/101205.html\n\nOne estimate indicates that a large tree whose trunk is 39 inches in diameter at breast height releases 0.67 pounds (0.31 kilograms) of oxygen per day.  For comparison, according to NASA, a typical adult would use 1.85 lbs (0.84 kg) of oxygen gas per day in the process of respiration. \n\nSo you would need 3 trees for one person. And double that if you take into account that the tree only produces oxygen during the day.
972462
Remember that Semi Fowlers use regular patient is okay. 40 deg\nHigh fowlers for those that need more oxygen greater than 45deg\nSims Lat - enema\npicture it in your mind.
377806
If you are talking about average  blood sugar.. 80 to 120 is considered average, or "good".
534827
Dissolved oxygen levels usually range from 6 to 14 mg/L. \n\nRemember, ambient temperature will have a significant impact on your readings, because the solubility of oxyden in water falls with a rise in temperature. So you'll need to take that into consideration while writing up your findings. \n\nI suggest that you take some readings at different times of the day, to establish a baseline. \n\nHope that helps.
278365
hi, \nthis site estimates ~1kg per day, but that is highly dependent on the person's activity level.\n\nsee the question " Q. Should we be concerned with human breathing as a source of CO2?" about 1/3 of the way down.\n\nhttp://cdiac.ornl.gov/pns/faq.html\n\ncheers!
806377
No. Depending on your age, a normal RESTING heart rate is between 60 and 80 beats per minute. 114 is fine if you were just exercising. But if that is your resting heart rate, I would suggest talking to a doctor.
887867
In an average healthy adult, the volume of blood is about one-eleventh of the body weight. Most sources state the volume of blood in an average human adult, who is between 150 to 160 pounds, as between 4.7 and 5 liters, although the more recent sources state the volume of blood in an average adult as 4.7 liters. Sources state that an 80-pound child had about half that amount, and an 8-pound infant has about 8.5 ounces.In an average healthy adult, the volume of blood is about one-eleventh of the body weight. Most sources state the volume of blood in an average human adult, who is between 150 to 160 pounds, as between 4.7 and 5 liters, although the more recent sources state the volume of blood in an average adult as 4.7 liters. Sources state that an 80-pound child had about half that amount, and an 8-pound infant has about 8.5 ounces.
333732
anywhere from 200-250 is normal...just so you know...
1126607
I know the average for adults is 6500KJoules but you would need to convert that to calories sorry! Its called something like the "energy of basal metabolism" if its just the basic needed to keep a person alive so if you search for that you can find what it would be for women.
1076921
98.6 is a normal AVERAGE, what ever you usually run is normal for you...if you are concerned talk to your doctor