tell me everything you know about magnets?
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A magnet is an object that has a magnetic field. The word magnet comes from the Greek (magnētēs lithos), which means "magnesian stone". Magnesia was an area in Ancient Greece, in present-day Manisa, Turkey where deposits of magnetite have been discovered since antiquity.\n\nElectronic generation of magnetism\nElectrons play the primary role in generating a magnetic field. Within an atom, electrons can exist either individually or in pairs within any given orbital. When they are paired, the individuals in that pair always have opposite spin — one up, one down. The fact that the spins have opposite orientation means that the two cancel one another. If all electrons are paired, no net magnetic field will be generated.\n\nIn some atoms, there are electrons that are unpaired. All magnets have unpaired electrons, but not all atoms with unpaired electrons are ferromagnetic. In order for the material to become ferromagnetic, not only must there be unpaired electrons present, but those unpaired electrons must interact with one another over long ranges such that they are all oriented in the same way. The specific electron configuration of the atoms (as well as the distance between atoms) is what leads to this long range ordering. The electrons find that they can exist in a lower energy state if they all have the same orientation.\n\n\nNorth-south pole designation and the Earth's magnetic field\nA standard naming system for the poles of magnets is important. Historically, the terms north and south reflect awareness of the relationship between magnets and the earth's magnetic field. A freely suspended magnet will eventually orient itself north-to-south, because of its attraction to the north and south magnetic poles of the earth. The end of a magnet that points toward the Earth's geographic North Pole is labeled as the north pole of the magnet; correspondingly, the end that points south is the south pole of the magnet.\n\nThe Earth's current geographic north is thus actually its magnetic south. Confounding the situation further, magnetised rocks on the ocean floor show that the Earth's magnetic field has reversed itself in the past, so this system of naming is likely to be backward at some time in the future.\n\nFortunately, by using an electromagnet and the right hand rule, the orientation of the field of a magnet can be defined without reference to the Earth's geomagnetic field.\n\nTo avoid the confusion between geographic and magnetic north and south poles, the terms positive and negative are sometimes used for the poles of a magnet. The positive pole is that which seeks geographical north.\n\n\nCommon uses for magnets\nMagnetic recording media: Common VHS tapes contain a reel of magnetic tape. The information that makes up the video and sound is encoded on the magnetic coating on the tape. This is why magnets will destroy the information in these types of tapes. Common audio cassettes also rely on magnetic tape. Similarly, in computers, floppy disks and hard disks record data on a thin magnetic coating. \nCredit, debit, and ATM cards: All of these cards have a magnetic strip on one of their sides. This strip contains the necessary information to contact an individuals financial institution and connect with their account(s). \nCommon televisions and computer monitors: The vast majority of TV's and computer screens rely in part on an electromagnet to generate an image--see the article on cathode ray tubes for more information. Plasma screens and LCDs rely on different technology entirely. \nLoudspeakers and microphones: Loudspeakers actually rely on a combination of a permanent magnet and an electromagnet. A speaker is fundamentally a device to convert electric energy (the signal) into mechanical energy (the sound). The electromagnet carries the signal, which generates a changing magnetic field that pushes and pulls on the field generated by the permanent magnet. This pushing and pulling moves t
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The basic idea behind an electromagnet is extremely simple: By running electric current through a wire, you can create a magnetic field.\n\nBy using this simple principle, you can create all sorts of things, including motors, solenoids, read/write heads for hard disks and tape drives, speakers, and so on
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If you get an A with this work please share it with me. If you get an F , forget me.\n\n  \n  Magnetism are 2 sides (+ and -) (like in some relations). Every compass will go to the North because of magentic fields, those fileds are kind of circles like the air waves of radio or Tv.\n\n  2. Electromagentic is a toold like iron that needs electricity to work and work as a magnet, it is important a battery or other source of low voltage. Electromagentics are used to attract old cars, electromagentics are used for people who lost some things on the sand (those kind of electromagnetics are the ones with one circle in the end where the person is attracting something).\n\n 3: Electromagentic needs a switch like light, turn on and off, you let the energy flow and you get the magnetic field or you deny that flow, on the other hand the magnet is always "on", there are magnets where both sides are positive or negative, most of them are positive and negative like in electricity you need both to have electricity.\n\n 4:For instance the motor of one car, inside the motor you will see a lot of pieces and is kind of interesting because thin cables are allowing the flow of electricity, so with that in mind the motor is moving, produces energy then
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http://www.oz.net/~coilgun/theory/solenoidphysics.htm
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I've already answered this question and you might want to refer to that for more details. But here goes. \n\nA magnet is made of ferromagnetic materials, and will only attract ferromagnetic materials. These are iron, nickel and cobalt. Any alloy that contains one or more of those is ferromagnetic.\n\nThe metal forms tiny grains as it cools from a liquid to a solid, and within these tiny grains are even smaller regions called magnetic domains. Think of groups of atoms packed together. Unless a material is abolutely pure, there will be odd atoms of other elements and when the metal cools, they do not stack together absolutely correctly. If it is only a tiny amount of impurities, we do not notice the difference in terms of size, shape or weight.\n\nBut the domains are not lined up the same. Think of a bunch of guys just starting basic training. They are all milling around on the parade ground. But let's say that we heat the bar of metal until it is almost ready to melt and then subect it to a strong magnetic field (stick it inside the coil of a strong electromagnet, and let it cool that way.)\n\nNow they are all lined up the same way (just the way a bunch of paper clips will al line up when you pick them up with a magnet.) And when the metal cools and become solid once more, now they stay in that position. It is like a drill sergeant coming and yelling at the new recruits until they line up in formation. Now they are ready to take orders and get some useful work done.\n\nWhen the troops all line up and march the same way, you can see the result. They are more orderly, when they march along their feet all hit the ground at once, and they look unstoppable! \n\nIt is the same way with the magentic material. Each one of the individual atoms has its own magnetic field, but when they are all pointing in random directions, nothing useful can be done. Some are pointing one way, some the opposite way. They act against each other and their corporate effect cannot be felt.\n\nSo, now that the atoms within the domains are lined up together, and the metal has cooled and solidified into a solid bar again, the domains are lined up in formation. Now, they are all pointing in the same direction and we can feel the effects of the magnetic field even outside the magnet itself. The magnetic field reaches beyond the magnet and loops around in space until it reaches the other pole, forming a sort of circuit.\n\nOkay, now we have a magnet and we can understand why it attracts another magnet, because opposite poles attract. north attracts south and south attracts north. (No such thing as gay magnets! it's a law of nature!). \n\nBut why does it attract ordinary non-magnetized iron or steel?\n\nThat has to do with the fact that even though the metal is solid, and the atoms cannot flow away as in a liquid, the atoms are still free to rotate in place without moving from where they are.\n\nThink of the group of raw recruits before they go through their basic training. They are standing around. All of a sudden, they hear a loud noice. It is the drill sergeant yelling at them. All their heads turn in his direction! He has their attention. It is the same way with a magnet.\n\nWhen the magnetic field of a magnet acts on the atoms (iron, nickel or cobalt) of a piece of ferromagnetic alloy that has not yet been magentized, even though the atoms can't move from their spots, they rotate to face in the direction of the magnetic field. They temporarily act together, just as the domains inside the permanent magnet do. The fancy scientific name for this is 'magnetic induction'.\n\nNow, the temporary (induced) pole in the piece of metal is attracted to the permanent pole of the permanent magnet. They move together, because the tendency is for the magnetic field to travel as short a distance as possible, and a pole alwasy induces the opposite pole. The two together, so the magnetic field can travel across the shortest possible distance.\n\nWhen the
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetic_Flux_Leakage\nThis is real good
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Go to http://www.pyzam.com/. I got some great things form this place. And I think I saw the magnet thing you were talking about on here too.
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There are some natural magnets. For example, the mineral magnetite is magnetic, and is found in lodestones. \n\nIf you have a magnet, you can stroke a piece of metal (not all metals, but some) and magnetize it; that is, turn it into a magnet. You line up the magnetic domains when you stroke it so it has a net magnetic field. If you put a radio reciever nearby tuned to the right frequency, you can hear the domains flip as you do this; this is called the Barkhausen effect. \n\nThere are also electromagnets. Passing an electric current through a coiled wire wrapped around the right kind of metal (called a shunt) produces a magnet. This is the kind of magnet one finds in MRI machines.
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Experimenting with magnetorheological fluids.\nSuspending a magnet in mid-air.\nLevitating pyrolytic graphite.\nA Gauss Rifle: A Magnetic Linear Accelerator.\nBuilding a Curie-effect heat engine.\nGoing further:\n\nSuperconductors.\n\n \n \n \nThe Gauss Rifle:\nA Magnetic Linear Accelerator\n \n \n This very simple toy uses a magnetic chain reaction to launch a steel marble at a target at high speed. The toy is very simple to build, going together in minutes, and is very simple to understand and explain, and yet fascinating to watch and to use.  \n \n gauss rifle Click on image for animated view  \n \n The photo above shows six frames of video showing the gauss rifle in action. Each frame shows 1/30th of a second. In the first frame, a steel ball starts rolling towards a magnet taped to a wooden ruler. In the second frame, a second ball can be seen speeding between the rightmost two magnets. By the third frame, the accelerator has sped up so much that the ball that is seen leaving the left side of the device is just a blur as it smashes into the target. One ball, starting at rest, has caused another ball to leave the device at a very high speed.  \n \n gauss rifle materials Click on image for larger view  \n \n The materials are simple. We need a wooden ruler that has a groove in the top in which a steel ball can roll easily. Any piece of wood or aluminum or brass with a groove will work. We chose the ruler because they are easy to find around the house or at school or at a local stationery store.  \n \n We need some sticky tape. Again, almost any kind will do. Here we use Scotch brand transparent tape, but vinyl electrical tape works just as well.  \n \n We need four magnets. Most any type will do, but the stronger the magnets are, the faster the balls will go. Here we use the super strong gold-plated neodymium-iron-boron magnets we have made available in our catalog for the other projects. They work great.  \n \n We will also need nine steel balls, with a diameter that is a close match to the height of the magnets. We use 5/8 inch diameter nickel plated steel balls from our catalog.  \n \n The only tool we will need is a sharp knife for trimming the tape.  \n \n gauss rifle first\nClick on image for larger view  \n \n We start by taping the first magnet to the ruler at the 2.5 inch mark. The distance is somewhat arbitrary -- we wanted to get all four magnets on a one foot ruler. Feel free to experiment with the spacing later.  \n \n gauss rifle tape\nClick on image for larger view  \n \n With the sharp knife, trim off any excess tape. Be careful, since the knife will be strongly attracted to the magnet.  \n \n It is very important that you keep the magnets from jumping together. They are made of a brittle sintered material that shatters like a ceramic. Tape the ruler to the table temporarily, so that it doesn't jump up to the next magnet as you tape the second magnet to the ruler.  \n \n gauss rifle two\nClick on image for larger view  \n \n Continue taping the magnets to the ruler, leaving 2.5 inches between the magnets.  \n \n When all four magnets are taped to the ruler, it is time to load the gauss rifle with the balls.  \n \n gauss rifle all\nClick on image for larger view  \n \n To the right of each magnet, place two steel balls. Arrange a target to the right of the device, so the ball does not roll down the street and get lost.  \n \n To fire the gauss rifle, set a steel ball in the groove to the left of the leftmost magnet. Let the ball go. If it is close enough to the magnet, it will start rolling by itself, and hit the magnet.  \n \n gauss rifle ready\nClick on image for larger view  \n \n When the gauss rifle fires, it will happen too fast to see. The ball on the right will shoot away from the gun, and hit the target with considerable force. Our one foot long version is designed so the speed is not enough to hurt someone, and you can use your hand or foot as a target.
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Edmund Scientific has 20 different magnets listed, including one that has 150 lbs of lift. \nhttp://www.scientificsonline.com/product.asp_Q_pn_E_3042447\nHere's the full list:\nhttp://www.scientificsonline.com/search.asp?t=ss&ss=magnet&x=0&y=0
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a magnet by definition is a LINEAR entity consisting of 2 opposite ends ( north and south ).\n\nif you cut a rectangular magnet into a smaller sphere, that linear axis in the original magnet will still stay the same in the sphere !\n\nmagnets ALWAYS have a linear alignment no matter there exterior shape !
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Magnetic property of a material is due to the arrangement of Domains in it. If you are not of science background, simply think it as it is the arrangement of atoms of the material, which is responsible for its magnetism. If you provide a permanent magnet with electric supply, the arrangement of atoms in it will be disturbed resulting in loss or decrease in its magnetism.\nNot only the electric supply, but heating or even strong jerks can also lead to the disturbed atomic arrangement and therefore decreased or completely lost magnetism.
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Magnetic force........
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Dont know much but plz try this\n\nhttp://www.google.co.uk/search?hl=en&sa=X&oi=spell&resnum=0&ct=result&cd=1&q=magnetic+particle+testing+the+testing+particles&spell=1
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regular magnets are natraly magnitised, they maintain their magnetic properties with out aid of an outside force\nelectro magnets use a coil of wire, with a curent passing through it, wraped around a piece of metal to create the magnitism. when you remove the curent, it loses its magnetism.
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ok, well, let's start with a basic description of magnetic materials.\n\nmagnetism has to do with the way electrons in a material interact with each other.  electrons have some basic properties (mass, charge, for example) and also a property called "spin".  \n\nit can be measured that any given electron has what is called a "magnetic dipole moment", which basically means that every electron behaves like a tiny bar magnet.  so the property of "spin" was devised to explain this - if you have some electric charge and move it around in a closed loop, a magnetic field is generated inside the loop.  this phenomenon is called induction and it's the basis for lots of real-life magnets.  this is why you usually see electromagnets made by wrapping wire around in a coil - when you pass an electrical current through the wire, the electrons in the metal basically move in a loop, and this causes a field to form.\n\nanyway, you can think of an electron as a little ball of electrical charge.  if the ball is spinning, then the charge on the ball is moving around in a circle - so this would create a magnetic field.  \n\nanother measurable property of this "spin" is that it is quantized - this means that the electrons can only spin at certain speeds and orientations.  different particles have different spins, and for an electron there are 2 spin states - usually referred to as "spin up" and "spin down" because the axis of the dipole moment points in different directions.\n\nthe difference between the various types of magnetic materials (ferromagnetic, antiferromagnetic, paramagnetic, etc) is in how the spins of all the electrons in the materials are oriented.\n\nin a ferromagnet, the spins are (mostly) oriented so that they're all pointing the same direction.  this causes the magnetic fields from each electron to add up, and you get a large macroscopic magnetic field as a result.\n\nin an antiferromagnet, on the other hand, spins are oriented so that neighboring electrons point in opposite directions.  this is a highly-ordered state, and in many materials only forms when you cool the substance below a critical temperature called the "neel temperature".  above this temperature the random thermal fluctuations take over and the spin ordering falls apart.\n\nantiferromagnetism is observed in transition metal compounds, in particular metal oxides, such as nickel oxide (NiO) or cobalt oxide (CoO).  the behavior of electronic spins are a subject of intense research these days, and so a simple and well-defined picture of their behavior is not easy to come by.  \n\nhowever, it is thought that the long-range interactions of electronic spin is responsible for a number of interesting effects that are being studied in transition-metal oxides.  one well-known example is in the study of high-temperature superconductors, which are often oxides of transition metal alloys.  the electrons involved in the superconducting effect act in pairs called "strongly correlated" electron pairs, and it is thought that the electrons interact via coupling through their spin.\n\nhere are some links so you can learn more:\n\nhttp://ghmfl.grenoble.cnrs.fr/magnetisme/recent5.htm\nhttp://www.jhu.edu/~gazette/2002/30sep02/30magnet.html\nhttp://www-als.lbl.gov/als/science/sci_archive/peem_spin.html\nhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antiferromagnetism
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Different metals have different magnetic field strengths.\n\nFor example, neodymium magnets are among the strongest.