What is the total surface area of the moon and how does that compare to the earth?
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The Moon has a surface area of 152 million square kilometers.\nThe Earth is 13.5 times larger.
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Here's information from NASA.\nhttp://www.nasa.gov/worldbook/moon_worldbook.html\n\nHere's the wikipedia entry,\nhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moon
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The distance to the sun can be computed by a variety of techniques.  Trigonometry and parallax measurements were used by ancient greek and arab astronomers to come up with pretty good estimates for the distances to the sun, moon, and other planets.\n\nThe sun's diameter at its equator is about 865,000 miles, and the mean distance from the earth to the sun is about 93 million miles.\n\nThe moon's diameter at its equator is about 2,160 miles, and the mean distance from the earth to the moon is about 238,900 miles.\n\nThe ratio of the diameters is 865000 / 2160 or about 400.  The ratio of distances is 93,000,000 / 238,900 or about 390.  So the sun is about 400 times larger than the moon, but it's also about 400 times farther away - so the sun and moon appear about the same size in the sky.\n\nThe moon's orbit around the earth isn't a circle, and the lunar distance varies from about 220,000 miles to about 252,000 miles.  When it is close to the earth, the moon appears slightly larger than the sun.  When it is in the further part of it's orbit, the moon appears slightly smaller than the sun.  If an eclipse occurs when the moon is furthest from earth, the moon's disk can't completely cover the sun.  The result is an "annular" eclipse.\n\nIncidentally, the moon gets slightly farther away from the earth every year.  Eventually, in the distant future, it will be too far away to produce a total eclipse of the sun.
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the moon won't blow up.  it is geologically inactive.  that means that its just a dead rock up there orbiting the earth.
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The Moon's orbit around the Earth is elliptical, with a substantial eccentricity (as major Solar System bodies go) of 5.49%. In addition, the tidal effect of the Sun's gravitational field increases the eccentricity when the orbit's major axis is aligned with the Sun-Earth vector or, in other words, the Moon is full or new.\n\nAt Perigee (its closest Point to earth the Distance is  359861 km from earth measured from equator to equator.\n\nAt Apogee (its farthest point from eath the Distance is 405948 km from eath measured from equator to equator.\n\nAs it revolves around the earth in this EGG shaped orbit it cycles between getting further and closer from earth.\n\nTake a Boiled egg and cut it in half. Measure how THICK the white is from the yoke at any point on the FLAT cut surface of the egg. The moon would travel around the outside of the yoke. (the yoke is the earth.\n\nSee the below link for a great explanation and good photos and graphics.
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The United States's total area is 3,718,711 square miles (9,631,418 km²), of which land makes up 3,537,438 square miles (9,161,923 km²) and water makes up 181,273 square miles (469,495 km²).
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Relative position in the sky. The earth's atmosphere helps distort the size as the moon is "lower" in the sky, so then it appears larger.
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The average distance from the Moon to the Earth is 384,403 kilometers (238,857 miles);
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Earth has a surface area of 196,940,400 square miles, slightly less than a perfect ball with a diameter of 7913.5 miles The surface area of the seven continents and all the islands of the world is about 57 million miles, while the total area of the six habitable continents (Antarctica excluded) is around 52 million square miles. \n\nThe human population on earth has crossed six billion. If we distribute all the exposed land evenly among all mankind, 133 people would have to share one square mile. What that means is that every single person on Earth, man woman and child would have close to five acres of land for his or her use. More precisely, each person would get 209,000 square feet of land, or a square plot of land 457 feet on each side. \n\nNot all this land can be used beneficially however. A significant portion of the Earth's exposed land is unhabitable or cannot be used for any agricultural purpose. Large portions lie in the far north. Large portions are extremely arid. Large portions are very mountainous. In sum, only about one fourth of all the land on earth, or somewhat more than 12 million square miles, is arable. \n\nToday, over half of the arable land in the world is in fact not under cultivation. Bringing the unused land into service in many cases would require huge investments of money and effort, and would do considerable damage to the environment. For example, only about 28% of the arable land on the African continent is used for growing crops. Immense tracts of forests or jungles would have to be cleared to bring the rest of the arable land on that continent to productive use. \n\nThus, only about one eighth of each imaginary plot of land distributed to each person is land which is under cultivation. In effect, each person has a piece of land about 26,000 square feet (a square 161 feet on each side or just a bit more than ½ an acre) at his or her disposal on which to grow all that he or she needs.
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7.349 x 10 ^22 kg - every night! (source: NASA) :)\n\nThe apparent size of the moon varies.  Check this link for an explanation:\n\nhttp://www.space.com/scienceastronomy/solarsystem/bigmoon_000105.html
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Distance to the Moon\n\n  \n  \n  \n  \n     \n An Astronomy Tid-Bit about the mean and extreme distances to the Moon\n\n  \n  \n  \n  \n     \n   Note:  Distance is from center to center of orbiting bodies.\n             Kilometers divided by 1.6093 = miles.       \n\n      Many sources, such as beginning astronomy textbooks, yearbooks, and atlases, give the distance to the moon as 384,400 kilometers (km), and  0.055 as the flattening or eccentricity of the moon's elliptical orbit around the Earth.\n\n      The moon travels around Earth in an elliptical orbit, with the Earth at one of the two focuses (foci) of the ellipse.  As a result the distance to the moon varies by quite large amounts.  Its close (or perigee) distance is 384,400 x (1- 0.055) = 363,258 km.  Its far (or apogee) distance is 384,400 x (1+0.055) = 405,542 km.  BUT these values turn out to be the mean or average values.  See the table below for actual distances.\n\n      The actual (computed) distances over 10 centuries, from  1500 to 2500, have been calculated by the Belgian astronomer, Jean Meeus, to be as small as 356,371 km or as large as 406,720 km./1 These values differ from the MEAN values by 6,887 km and 1,178 km respectively\n\n      An excellent and easy-to-use source for the moon's position and distance is "Multiyear Interactive Computer Almanac" produced by the US Naval Observatory, Wash. DC and published by Willman-Bell, Inc., PO box 35025, Richmond, VA  232235.  The program called "MICA15" is on one CDRom for both IBM and MAC systems.  Included with the disk is an information and instruction book.\n\n      I used MICA15 to scan moon distances for the one  year, 2000, shown in TABLE 1.  The same source was used for the ten-year period, 1995 to 2005.  For this ten years,  the smallest distance (356,613.970 km) between Earth and Moon for this period occurred on November 4, 1998.  The largest occurred on March 14, 2002 when the moon was 406,706.975 km away.
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Mean Distance of Moon from Earth - 238,712 mi (384,400 km)\nGreatest Distance of Moon from Earth (Apogee) - 252,586 mi (406,740 km) Shortest Distance of Moon from Earth (Perigee) - 221,331 mi (356,410 km)
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TEMPERATURE\nThe temperature on the Moon ranges from daytime highs of about 130°C = 265°F to nighttime lows of about -110°C = -170°F \n\nATMOSPHERE\nThe moon has no atmosphere. On the moon, the sky is always appears dark, even on the bright side (because there is no atmosphere). Also, since sound waves travel through air, the moon is silent; there can be no sound transmission on the moon.
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The moon is not white. It is light grey and reflects alot less light than earth. I merely looks white because of the tremendous amount of sunlight that falls upon it. If the moon had the same albedo as earth it would be 5 times as bright!\n\nAbout 17% of the moons surface (the Mare) is basalt, that is solidified lava. It is similar in composition as volcanic rocks from Hawaii and Iceland. The lunar highlands (the lighter parts that make up 83% of the surface) are made out of a light colored rock called anorthosite. The Adirondacks in the eastern US are made up of the same stuff.\n\nThe mare basalts has alot of iron, manganes and titanium in it. The anorthosite has a lot of calcium and aluminium. The anorthosite is therefore not only lighter in color but also in weight.
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Are you taking into account the radius of the moon? The equations you've provided treat "r" as the distance between the centers of mass of each object. Therefore:\n\nr = radius of the moon + distance from it's surface\n\nr = 1785 km + 111 km\n\nr = 1,896,000 m\n\nSubstituting this into your equations provides:\n\nT = 2*pi*sqrt((1896000)^3/(6.674x10^-11 * 7.3x10^22))\n\nT = 7431.6 s = 123.9 min\n\nAdditionally:\n\nV = sqrt((6.674x10^-11 * 7.3x10^22) / 1896000)\n\nV = 1603 m/s\n\nHope that clears things up a bit! :)
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Mass of moon\n-------------------- ------------------- =\nMass of earth's atmosphere\n\n73 800 000 000 000 000 000\n-------------------- ------------------- =\n5 700 000 000 000 000\n\n≈13000 (nearest thousand)
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in relation to the other planets in our solar system... our moon is bigger than pluto but smaller than the other planets.\n\nin relation to other moons of other planets in our solar system... it is the 5th largest out of all the other planetary satellites.\n\nthe exact figures are at the link below:\n-(this other link might help as well)