Why aren’t stocks and bonds included in measure for money supply?
446408
stocks and bonds can easily  made/exchange in to cash as they are widely accepted by banks n financial institutions.
815311
Sounds like textbook propaganda...  you're supposed to regurgitate the mush in paraphrased form straight from the text, right?\n\nFinance by \n1-borrowing (from individuals, other companies, banks, the gov, or foreign countries) (by issuing bonds, notes, etc)\n2-increasing investment (by issuing more stock, takin on additional partners, or depositing your own money into your business account)\n\nGoals and functions... yeah really bad wording.  I hate questions like this.  Some moron wrote your school book, I'd have to say.  Look, just scour your text for a straight up definition for finance and copy it word for word.  Then see if "goals and functions" are included in that definition, if not, then you might find it in that section of the text.  \n\nObviously you want to have money so that you can do business.  You also want that money managed well - as you want all of your accounts managed well ...  God I hate questions like that.  \n\nLook - business finance isn't in my dictionary of accounting terms.  It's however the idiot author wants to define it.  I'd have to say that "business finance" isn't used in your book to describe finance operations, like I talked about above... \n\nman I'm sorry I gotta quit this I'm too irritated...
152867
It depends on the issue date.  Check the links below.  One is a savings bond calculator and the other is the government website for bonds.
716189
Technically, money supply is not inflation - but it is empirically associated with inflation.  \n\nInflation is typically taken from a consumer price index from a fixed basket of goods and services. While UK M1 rose 14.5% on broad measures for September 2006 (but only 5.1% on narrower measures), consumer prices rose 2.4% in October '06 (vs. 2.3% last year).  \n\n\n\nYou are right to point out that the market is awash in liquidity. Money comes from numerous sources - at its basic core bills, coins, checking and savings.  But the broader money supply (which is the one that matters) includes many other supplies - like the capital markets. \n\nWhere is all this cash coming from?  \n\nFirst and foremost, it is coming from loose monetary policy, residual from low interst rate environment post-9/11.  As interest rates went to 40-year lows in the US, Japan and Europe, borrowing costs got so cheap as to be extremely cheap.  This trigger asset reflation in real estate and commodities. Indirectly, it also help spur corporate earnings growth (double digit in the US, whereupon 7% is more like the average growth).  The asset reflation also gave consumer a base to start borrowing from, dipping into equity saved up in their houses. \n\nSecondly, the typical brake on liquidity - government bonds - has not been working.  Typically, centralized banks and treasuries issues more paper in order to soak up excess liquidity in the system.  For example, the US had to issue lots of new debt in 2005 to cover the costs of post-9/11 security and the two wars.  However, large trade imbalances have lead Asian and Gulf countries to purchase large amounts of these issues to 1) stabilize interest rates in countries with fixed or quasi-fixed currency regimes (e.g. China) or keep interest rates stable in those markets with floating currencies.   \n\nSo money supply has surged but without the surge in wages (revenue-side inflation) or prices (cost-side inflation).  How?  Basically, we are seeing a tsunami of capital formation - not at the consumer level - but at the corporate, government and asset level.  We are already seeing the side-effects of this capital formation through the emergence of private-equities, rise of hedge funds and record pace of corporate earnings. \n\nWhile we b*tch and moan about inflation at 3-4%, clearly we have short memories.  Woe were the days back in the 80s when itnerest rates were in the twenties or the seventies when we had to wait in line for gasoline and prices went up so fast that they didn't bother posting the price.  \n\nEverything is relative.  It hurts pretty bad going from a very long period of almost no inflation to "normal" inflation.\n\nBy the way... the US still publishes its M1 and M2, but discontinued M3.
784090
This question belongs to 'Economics'. \nThe answer is 'no' because it may lead to market failure.
121220
No, alot of older conservitives don't want social security messed with, It really is a bad idea to invest in a stock market with its ups and downs. There must be an answer between that and the way it is going.
367202
First the Fed doesn't print money.  That's done by the Treasurey.  And what the hell is the "golf" standard?\nAnyway.  There a three ways the Fed can control the money supply: \n1)Open Market Operations\n2)Discount Window(rate)\n3)Legal Reserve Requirement
561096
The exchanges provide a basis for price negotiation by having public prices.  Consolidation is only possible because there exists a framework to develop prices in.  Banking law restricts consolidation across state lines, to some extent this is reflected in market prices for stocks.  A stock with a limited ownership has a more limited demand for the supply of shares available.  Likewise, because of limitations upon goodwill in bank acquisition regulations, certain firms are too valuable to buy and consolidate.  Because goodwill is treated as an impairment of capital, high price to earnings or price to book firms cannot be bought and can only act as buying institutions.
966356
1) government bonds are initially issued at a fixed price but then the price fluctuates with market conditions.  If you hold the bonds until maturity and the government does not default you will receive par value of the bonds.  Sometimes bonds are called ahead of maturity date, municiple bonds frequently are called when interest rates fall.  Yes it is possible to loose money, especially if the government defaults. Bonds can be purchased from stock brokers.  U S government bonds can be purchased directly from the U S government. \n\n2) you can purchase mutual funds directly from the mutual fund companies.  Most if not all have internet sites where you can download the appropriate forms.  Many can be purchased also through stock brokers.  Some are sold like stocks.  They are called closed end funds.  Index funds are also sold like stocks. They all have symbols.  PENNX is the symbol for Pennsyvania Fund. \n\n3)  There are several ways to purchase precious metals.  a) directly from a company that sells the metals b) through futures contracts which is a contract to purchase the metal at a future date. c) gold can be purchased like a stock through the index fund GLD.  d) indirectly through stock in a mining company. \n\nCommodities can be traded through futures contracts.  beef, pork, corn, wheat, soybeans, coffee, sugar, among others.
365706
Finance is the management of money and other assets.
909554
Companies offer stocks and people buy them, its basically partial ownership of the company. The company does good you make money if the company loses money so do you. To answer your question its a market place where stocks and bonds are traded
860900
theres a lot of things. if you have x amount of money in the bank and need y amount of money for rent and food then spending z amount of money on clothes will keep you in your spending limit! haha! or if for some reason your boss decides to build a wall and you have x & z but the equasion is x + y= z. i dunno man. algebra sucks but until they take it off the needed for graduation list your stuck with it.
1067682
Government Bonds are issued by the US Treasury.  The treasury can print money so you can always be assured that you will receive greenbacks when you redemn your bonds.  The problem for investers is that the US Government is deeply in debt and has an obligation to pay Social Security and Medicare that it can't meet without borrowing more.    In order to pay future obligations the US government will have to pay higher and higher interest rates.  The higher rates on bonds issued in the future will diminish the market value of the bonds issued at low rates in the past.  If you hold your US bonds until matuity you will receive US currency for them - but what will it buy?
76943
Because the senators and congressmen don't want to be accused of not bringing in the money for their state. You are absolutely correct, it should go by risk, but the equal distribution isn't that surprising with the government the way it is these days.
319007
A solution... government bite the bullet and pay it back...\n\nPrivatized systems work great for the 15 percent of the population that has the money to do that, but for the majority just barely making it by, they won't be able to save enough to actually retire, ever... \n\nSo, when all these people get retirement age, guess what, they're going to look at their private account, realize isn't not enough to do anything with, especially with inflation, and vote in someone who will take care of them...at a far greater cost to the gov. down the road...\n\nI would be willing to be that about 95 percent of people who push for "private accounts" already own stock... if the government switched over, the huge demand for stocks that would be created would push the stock market sky-high, making all those people very rich... that's really convenient isn't it...
650033
There are specific requirements for each exchange.  For NYSE and AMEX, these requirements include minimum stock price and minimum amounts of capitolization (read 100 million dollars minimum). \n\nNASDAQ is less stringent, but you still have to have capitalization in excess of $25 million and the share price must stay above $1 per share.  \n\nIn general, if you're asking the question, you can't afford to do it.
1081619
Standard and Poors excludes mutual funds from the S&P 500.