what is the effect of mathematices in boteny?
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Also, don't forget the huge field of use for statistics in botany - probability of measurements on one plant being significantly more or less than on another plant. And some plants show an architecture that is 4-sided (e.g. the mint family), while others show some other arrangement not based on 4 sides.
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Mathametics is the science of precise observation where the space and surroundings are well defined. By changing the configuration, one can get different results, but that is not maths. For example, if one takes a rectangular post card and cuts off one corner by a sharp scissor, one would find there are five corners formed on the card. This does not mean 'Four minus one produces Five'.  Similarly, the three angles of a triangle drawn on a plane paper add up to 180'.  But if the triangle is drawn on the surface of a foot-ball, the sum will be more than 180'. The poser 2 X 2 = 5 is a similar proposition.
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Please state the information concerning mathematics project work form 4 2006. I do not have this form to view.\n\n- - - - - -s-
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Literal coefficient: -ab\nNumerical coefficient: -1
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There is a great animation that explains the experiments in detail (with pictures) on the Mendel site at http://www.mendel-museum.org/eng/1online/experiment.htm
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http://www.maa.org/mathland/mathtrek_11_27_00.html
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Try this, maybe?\n\nhttp://mathforum.org/library/drmath/drmath.elem.html
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It is called a caret.  You can use it to indicate an exponent or a superscript if the software you are using does not have the ability to make superscripts. \nEx: E=mc^2 (Einstein's famous equation relating mass and energy)
857397
better than a book:\nhttp://www.math.com
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There are lots of them.  The story of Fibonacci numbers is interesting.  Also, some background on the Pythagoreans:\n\nhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Mathematics
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see http://mathworld.wolfram.com/NaturalLogarithm.html
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http://members.cox.net/mathmistakes/what_is_mathematics3.htm\n\n\nAfter an introductory chapter, Devlin has two chapters devoted to what psychologists know about how our brain does math. It follows that old genetics vs. environment argument; some of our math ability comes naturally, though the majority is learned.\n\nChapter 2 is devoted to fairly new ideas about our natural ability to do basic math such as counting. It seems from birth we have the ability to understand the difference between one, two, three, and many. Psychologists have confirmed this through rather clever testing of infants as young as four weeks old. \n\nFor example, one test involved showing babies a series of puppets going behind a curtain. The testers show the babies a couple of puppets going one at a time behind a curtain. The curtain is then lifted. If there are one or three puppets revealed behind the curtain, the babies will stare longer at the puppets than if there are only two puppets, which is what the baby expects. Babies stare longer at things that do not make sense to them, so when they see two puppets  go behind a curtain, they expect two puppets when the curtain is dropped.\n\nA basic inherent "number sense" is not just a human trait, it has been confirmed in mammals and birds as well. There is an old story about a bird that was nesting in a tower, and the owners of the tower wanted to get rid of it. When they sent someone into the tower to capture the bird, the bird would leave to a nearby tree and would not return to the tower until the man left. So they came up with a clever plan of sending two men into the tower, then soon after one man left, but the bird stayed in the tree and would not return to the tower until it saw both men leave: it saw two men enter, and it waited until both men were gone. They tried again with three, same thing. They tried with four, same thing. Finally, it got confused with five men entering the tower and four men leaving, the fifth man was able to capture the bird.\n\nI can attest to the fact that this number sense also exists in cats. I have a cat, and sometimes I give her some kitty treats just before I leave (this distracts her so I can go out without her darting outside). If I toss three treats on the floor with my cat watching, she will systematically go after all three treats. If I toss five, she will get three easily, then she has to sniff around and search for the others; she knows there are more than three. If she finds one, she may stop looking, because she lost track of how many I threw. \n\nSo the number sense is a naturally occurring ability of knowing one, two, three, and many. It is an instinct developed for survival. Many primitive human languages actually only have words for one, two, three, and many. Remnants of this can be found in English, like the ordinal numbers first, second, and third. Later ordinals fourth through twentieth all have identical endings, which makes the first three ordinals unique.
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Check this website:\nhttp://mathworld.wolfram.com/Addition-MultiplicationMagicSquare.html
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This is the best i can find for you:\n\nhttp://www.mechaheat.nl/engels/En2ins1.htm
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1) d. all\n2) b. decreases\n3) a. 1.3 x 10^-2
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For software on math u may visit www.sosmath.com, www.math.com, www.algebra.com etc.
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Please visit http://mathforum.org/library/drmath/view/52240.html