why does electric move faster in cold metals?
88209
1. Eelctrical 'restistance' is directly proportional to the amplitude of molecular vibrations within the matellic substance (Usually). Since the Electricity is flow of electrons, these (Vibrating molecules) will be frequently colliding with electrons and offer resistance to the flow. This is nothing but the electrical resistance.  \n2. The Molecular 'vibrational amplitude' is proportional to the heat within the substance. (Hotter the metal more the amplitude of molecular vibrations)\n3. Naturally for the reasons above, in cold metals the vibrational amplitudes of the molecules are less, and therefore, the electrical restistance too. Hence in your simple term ' The electric move faster in cold metals , .
721433
Edit: Perhaps I should revamp my answer to provide a clearer (actual) answer, that explains exactly what plays a role and, in effect, why I am right. I also added a couple sources you should read (in case you don't believe me ;-).\n\nAs asked at the first source (which has very good information about electric motors), "How can I make the motor spin faster or slower?". The answer is that it has to do with the power of the magnetic field. Because electicity is magnetic, you can either effect the speed by using a more powerful magnet or a more powerfully magnetic electrical current.\n\nTo quote Wikipedia about what a volt is, "The volt is the SI derived unit of electric potential difference". To truly understand what the "electric potential difference" means, you must first better understand the volt. The volt is a measurement of electromotive force (emf) and is just defined in terms of amperes and watts.\n\nAn amp is the constant current which produces a force equal to 2x10^-7N per meter, when travelling across two parellel wires one meter apart. It is one coulomb of charge per second (Q/t). It is a base unit upon which other units of electicity are defined (such as the volt).\nA watt is the unit of power equal to one joule of energy per second (P=W/t).\n\nHmm. Power? Power of a magnetic field? So how can you get more power in your circuit? If your power source is not rated by power output, then you can figure out the power using convertion:\nA=W/V=C/s\n\nIf you want a higher wattage, you can increase the voltage (electrical potential) or the ampage (current) or both. Or you can increase the charge - the amount of electricity (coulombs).\n\nSo the fact remains that voltage is *not* directly related to the speed of a motor. It can be directly converted in a way that makes it useful for that purpose, but any number of other things can be done to increase the power - the real goal you are looking for.\n\nThe answer is a definite "No." and a half-assed "Yes.".\n\n\n---Original Answer---\nNo. You might want to read more about the electric motor ( http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_motor ) and magnetic properties of electricity ( http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electromagnetism ). Also see the definitions of volt ( http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volt ), watt ( http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Watt ), and amp ( http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ampere ).
813210
No.\n\nIt is perfectly possible for electricity to flow even at absolute zero - those who think it is not need to revisit their understanding of what thermodynamic temperature is.\n\nSuperconductivity is a very special case, and you cannot form electrical impulses in a superconductor - in fact you cannot change the current flowing in a superconducting circuit at all without introducing a non-superconducting element (usually called a weak link).
946720
I think hydrogen will move faster because Mr of hydrogen molecule is smaller than that of oxygen molecules.
1099266
The points made by the previous responders are reasonable. In the context of communication, speed more often means bits per unit time, rather than physical speed which is distance per unit time. Electricity does travel very fast in the *latter sense*, close to the speed of light - but what is it about an electrical circuit which limits the number of bits which can be transmitted per second?\n\nSuppose you tried to send information by switching on and off the power to an electric fan being observed by someone else. It takes five or ten seconds for the fan to slow down or regain normal speed after it's been switched off or on, so it would be impossible to communicate much more than 3 or 4 bits per minute reliably using such a system. If you tried to do it faster there would be no change observable at the other end.\n\nThere's a similar limitation for any pair of copper wires. If L is the inductance and R the resistance, it takes a time roughly t ~ L/R for the current to drop at one end when the voltage has been switched off at the other end. The magnetic field surrounding the wires keeps the current going just like the momentum of the fan blades.\n\nThere's nothing much that can be done about this except for changing the structure of the cable. For example the pair of copper wires can be replaced by a coaxial cable in which one conductor forms a cylinder surrounding the other. The magnetic fields produced by the two currents tend to cancel which substantially reduces the inductance L, allowing a much faster (bits/second) speed.\n\nWhen most of the telephone network was implemented there was no reason to use coax since a pair of copper wires works fine for voice (audio frequencies = roughly 10K-100K bit/sec), although these will probably be upgraded if the phone companies are allowed to compete with the cable companies. \n\nFiber optic cable also has a very high bandwidth (bits/second) ... but your question is specifically about electricity.
284869
In  a given material of a given cross-section, the resistance increases with length.  Now conduction is the opposite of resistance, so the shorter it is, the better it will conduct.  \n\nEs mayor en una corta.
749223
The flow of current is caused by an electric field being applied to a material if there are electrons which are not tightly bound to the atoms in the material. \n\nIn a metal, an electric field will apply enough force to the electrons to allow them to move from one atom to the next, as long as there is a free electron to replace it. The free electrons may come from a battery, or a loop of metal wire spinning in a magnetic field, for example. The bond of the electrons in the outer atomic shells to the nucleus is not so strong.\n\nOn the other hand, for an insulator, even very high electric fields will not encourage the electrons in the outer shells of the atoms to leave the atom. They are tightly bound to the nucleus.
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Less dense materials are better insulators. The denser the material, the closer its atoms are together. That means the transfer of energy of one atom to the next is more effective. Thus, gases insulate better than liquids, which in turn insulate better than solids.\n\nAn interesting fact is that poor conductors of electricity are also poor heat conductors. Wood is a much better insulator than copper. The reason is that metals that conduct electricity allow free electrons to roam through the material. This enhances the transfer of energy from one area to another in the metal. Without this ability, the material--like wood..AND IN YOUR CASE RUBBER--does not conduct heat well.
1086480
Question:  Exactly how fast do electrons travel?\n------------------------------------------------\nAnswer:  Electrons can have a wide range of speeds.  A slow case: we know that\nelectrons move when there is a current flow in a wire, but the speed at\nwhich the electrons themselves move in the wire -- the so-called electron\ndrift velocity -- surprises most people.  For example, for a copper wire of\nradius 1 mm carrying a steady current of 10 amps, the drift velocity is\nonly about 0.024 cm/sec ! On the fast side: the Bohr model of the hydrogen\natom has the (bound) electron zipping around the nucleus at about 2 million\nmeters/sec.  And on the very fast side, some examples are: beta particles,\nwhich are emitted by some radioactive materials; and the innermost elec-\ntrons of atoms of elements having large atomic number, such as uranium.  In\nthese cases the electrons are traveling at very nearly the speed of light.\n(about 300 million meters/sec).\nRcwinther
935698
nonmetals have much higher ionization energies than metals do. this is because non-metals have more protons in their nucleuses to attract their electrons with. metals do not have as many, as compared to the rows they are in, so the electrons will move away from the nucleus of the metal if given a little push.
591859
Yeah, okay.  So it works like this, \n\nYou get a shock when you touch a live wire, or, say, a charged conductor (like a sister rubbing her rubber soled slippers on the carpet) because that conductor has an excess of electrons.  These electrons (the electrical charge) are trying to get to the ground (you can think of the earth as the largest conductor around, it is therefore the best place for extra electrons to be, energetically speaking).\n\nSo if you stick a live wire into the ocean (the salt water is a good conductor) but it is so vast that the electrons will spread incredibly fast (going to the ground in every conceivable direction) so the charge will become really small really quickly.\n\nSo basically, if you're standing near where you stick the wire in, you'd be luck to electrocute yourself.  Though I wouldn't recommend trying.
1101052
Electricity is simply electrons in motion.  Iron, in its pure state, has free electrons available. (note that all metals, either pure or as an alloy, will have some free electrons available; hence metals are typically good conductors.)  \nA more complete picture of the process would look like this:  These free electrons are on the outside surface of the wire.  Now envision ; as you apply current-more electrons- to the wire, these electrons move along the wire and bump into the available free electrons on the surface, thus pushing them along and allowing the current to flow.  This process causes a certain amount of friction and explains why the wire warms up
613535
Electricity is  flow of electrons in a conductive material like copper or any metals.  The atoms in the conductor are passing the electrons to the next atom in sequence (current flow in Ampere unit). \n\nAnalogy: \nYou can imagine people in line, passing balls in sequence to the next person until the balls reached the other end.\n\nThe force behind the movement of electrons (potential difference in Volt unit), is due to the excessive supply of electron (negative) from one end and lack of supply (Positive) from the other end. (They flow downstream like water).\n\nImagine if you connect two ends of wire to the positive and negative side of the battery. (But don't do it. That is called; short circuit)\n\nIf the wire is cut in the middle and you connect a light bulb between the two cut ends, The light bulb will glow. \n\nHere is the reason;\n\nBecause the light bulb filament (also a metal but doesn't melt easily) is smaller than the wire conductor and does not easily allow the passage of electron (resistance in Ohm unit), The flow of electron will be restricted to a certain amount (like a bottleneck in a pipe) this restriction will cause heat and light due to friction.\n\nMy best tailored answer for you ;=)
790888
It lacks the crystalline electron structure that elements like magnesium and iron have. Thus, it cannot align into electrical dipoles, and is not magnetic.
454802
it's basically from the movement of electron transfer from one of the metal to the other. to know the flow of electrons from which metal to which, u need to know their standard reduction potentials
502624
Different materials conduct heat at different rates.\n\nMetal, for example, is generally an excellent conductor of heat, meaning that when you place your hand on a metal doorknob, the metal conducts heat away from your hand at a much higher rate than of you were to grab an object made of less conductive material, such as wood.  The sensation you're calling "cool" or "cold" is simply heat being conducted away from your skin.  \n\nRemember, just as darkness is nothing more than the absence of light, cold is nothing more than the absence of heat.  So when you're touching a cold object, nothing is being imparted to your skin; all you're feeling is the heating leaving.\n\nRegards,\n\nKevinb671, Ph.D.\nSertufied Science Person
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(m)\n\n1. VERY PURE water is a poor conductor of electricity. However, very small amounts of impurities, especially salts, greatly increase the electrical conductivity of water.\n2. The main carriers of electrical current are dissolved ions. If a \nbattery is connected to a container of water so that the (+) and (-) poles of the battery are immersed in the water, the positive ions will migrate toward the (-) pole and the negative ions will migrate toward the (+) pole (electrical opposites attract). This closes the\n"switch" and electric current flows through the solution.\n3. Different ions can help carry the electric current, some more / some  less, depending upon their electrical charge and their size. More highly charged,  smaller ions are more efficient carriers of the electrical current.\n4. The higher the concentration of ions, the greater is the conductance of the solution.\n5. There is a complication however, the water and / or certain of the ions may undergo a chemical reaction to one or the other, or both of the electrodes. You may not want to introduce this in the beginning but it does happen.\n6. None of the ion electrical current carriers of salts dissolved in water are as mobile as "free" electrons in a metal are. And the differences are very large. For example, if the conductivity of  VERY PURE WATER is 0.000004 conductivity units, the conductivity of a saturated solution of common table salt NaCl is 23 conductivity units, and the conductivity of a typical metal such as copper wire is 60, 000, 000 conductivity units. So while the\nions in a dissolved salt behave something like "free" electrons, they are very slow and sluggish moving