describe the action of DNAse I on DNA and relate this effect to the results of your experiment in section III?
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Um... sorry to tell you this, but no one wants do do your homework for you. And without telling us what your experiment in section III was, we can't answer your question anyway.
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Human DNA polymerases which replicate single-stranded DNA do not have the 3'-5' activity. \n\nSome bacterial polymerase do have this action however.\n\nIt has to do with the phosphate groups are being hydroxilized to bind to the next nucleotide, the reverse biochemical reaction cannot be catalyzed by our polymerases
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Genetic Information\nDNA-RNA -Protien synthesis - Amino acid
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In 1869 Friedrich Miescher, a Swiss researcher, stained a cell nucleus with bromine I think, and found that something in it would stain.  He extracted this something and determined that It was composed of phosphoric acid, nitrogenated organic bases and sugar.\n\nIn 1943 Oswald Avery, a Canadian researcher found that bacteria would transform when washed, when exposed to protease, but not when exposed to deoxyribonuclease.  This led him to conclude that the something Miescher found was by composition supposed to be called deoxyrybonucleic acid and that this DNA was in fact the basic unit of heredity because doexyribonuclease is an enzyme that eats up DNA.\n\nThat's the evidence.\n\nOut genomes aren't made of RNA because that is a single stranded chain. Nothing wrong with that, but it's less sturdy than DNA, which is double stranded and supercoiled and so on.  It's a matter of what is the better means of storing your genetic information.
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think baout how the phosphate groups that form the base pairs (Adenine, Thymine, Guanine and Cytosine) effect the action of the RNA molecules that are used in protein synthesis.
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try these links. they are a quite a helpful read. \n\nwww.merck.com/mrkshared/ mmanual/section11/chapter143/143c.jsp\n\nwww.pnas.org/cgi/content/full/102/2/419\n\nwww.autoimmuneinc.com/R_and_D/tech.html\n\nwww.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/figsonly/309/5739/1380\n\ngood luck and have fun!!!
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Space-filling model of a section of DNA moleculeDeoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is a nucleic acid that contains the genetic instructions specifying the biological development of all cellular forms of life (and most viruses). DNA is a long polymer of nucleotides and encodes the sequence of the amino acid residues in proteins using the genetic code, a triplet code of nucleotides. \n\nIn complex cells (eukaryotes), such as those from plants, animals, fungi and protists, most of the DNA is located in the cell nucleus. By contrast, in simpler cells (prokaryotes) such as bacteria, DNA is not separated from the cytoplasm by a nuclear envelope. The energy-generating organelles known as chloroplasts and mitochondria also carry DNA. \n\nDNA is often referred to as the molecule of heredity as it is responsible for the genetic propagation of most inherited traits. These traits can range from hair colour to disease susceptibility. During cell division, DNA is replicated and can be transmitted to offspring during reproduction. Lineage studies can be done based on the facts that the DNA in mitochondria (mitochondrial DNA) only comes from the mother, and the male "Y" chromosome only comes from the father. \n\nEvery person's DNA is inherited from both parents. The mother's mitochondrial DNA together with twenty-three chromosomes from each parent combine to form the genome of a fertilized egg. As a result, with certain exceptions such as red blood cells, most human cells contain 23 pairs of chromosomes, together with mitochondrial DNA inherited from the mother. DNA Overview Unsolved problems in biology: Do all organisms link together to a primary source? Given a DNA sequence, what shape will the protein fold into? Given a particular desired shape, what DNA sequence will produce it? What are all the functions of the DNA? The building block of life may be a precursor to a generation of electronic devices and computers, but what are the electronic properties of DNA? Is junk DNA only molecular garbage?\nDNA Under electron microscopeThis section presents a simple (but admittedly unsophisticated) overview of DNA. \nGenes can be loosely viewed as the organism's "cookbook" or "blueprint"; \nA strand of DNA contains genes, areas that regulate genes, and areas that either have no function, or a function we do not (yet) know; \nDNA (for DeoxyriboNucleic Acid) differs from RNA by having the sugar 2-deoxyribose instead of ribose in its backbone. This is the basic chemical distinction between RNA and DNA. \nDNA is organized as two complementary strands, head-to-toe, with bonds between them that can be "unzipped" like a zipper, separating the strands; \nDNA is a chain of chemical "building blocks", called "bases", of which there are four types: these can be abbreviated A, T, C, and G, with U rarely replacing T, notably in PBS1 phage DNA; each base "pairs up" with only one other base: A+T or U, T or U+A, C+G and G+C; that is, an "A" on one strand of double-stranded DNA will "mate" properly only with a "T" or "U" on the other, complementary strand; \nBecause each strand of DNA has a directionality, the sequence order does matter: A+T is not the same as T+A, just as C+G is not the same as G+C; \nFor each given base, there is just one possible complementary base, so naming the bases on the conventionally chosen side of the strand is enough to describe the entire double-strand sequence; \nThe order of the bases along the length of the DNA is the genetic material, the sequence itself is the description for genes; \nThe cell begins DNA replication by forcibly unzipping the DNA double strand down the middle, and then recreates the "other half" of each new single strand by drowning each half in a "soup" made of the four bases. An enzyme makes a new strand by finding the correct "base" in the soup and pairing it with the or
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Everthing you ever wanted to know about DNA.\n\nhttp://www.dnaftb.org/dnaftb/
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It is an enzyme that make possible to transcribe DNA from RNA.\nThanks
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1) Covalent modification, e.g. phosphorylation\n2) Induction or depression of gene expression (affecting\n   enzyme synthesis\n3) Allosteric inhibition or activation, e.g. feedback \n   inhibition\n4) Competitive inhibition\n5) Noncompetitive inhibition\n\nNow do your homework to figure out which ones affect B-galactosidase activity.
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see here:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hutchison_effect#Nature_of_the_effect\nand the other links in this site
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More info is necessary.\nHow were the enzymes prepared and purified?\nWhat's your exact experiment?\nDo you see an increase in enzyme activity when you put both Ca and EDTA at the same time and if so at which molar ratio of the two effectors?\nDo you also see activation for each effector separately? How does it compare quantitatively to the effect of the combination of the effectors?\n\nMy wild guess would be that Ca+2 is an allosteric activator, EDTA removes another metal that was co-purified with the enzyme and the latter metal is an inhibitor. If  both have a positive effect on their own and an even higher when combined then it could be the case.\nAnother more extreme case is that EDTA removes the catalytic ion (if it can form a more stable complex than with Ca) and Ca takes its place. Then EDTA alone should kill the reaction while in combination with Ca have a positive effect. However this is a quite improbable scenario since enzymes usually have evolved for best performance and thus the enzyme would be expected to have the very common Ca+2 in the catalytic center to begin with, if Ca+2 aids the reaction more.
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If you are in Europe try Novozime (Netherland)\nIf you are in USA try Genencor \n\nTelomerase is an enzyme that take part in replication mechanism, especial in cancer cells (they do not lose a part of its DNA when the two strands are copied)
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DNA is a long polymer of nucleotides (a polynucleotide) and encodes the sequence of the amino acid residues in proteins using the genetic code,  a triplet code of nucleotides.
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Restriction enzymes- they cut the phage's DNA so that the instructions within the DNA don't make any sense anymore and can no longer harm the bacteria. \n\nScientists are now using these restriction enzymes in laboratories to duplicate it in biotechnology testing
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When looking at DNA  the genetic elements are responsible for regulation of a gene. Evidence for influence of chromatin structures impacts on transient vs stable tranfections and nulcesome core structure domen effects histone folds.\n\nYou question is an excellent question. I have a reference for you that address structure and function \n\nReferences: Chromatin Structure and Fucntion, Wolffem 1998 Academic Press\n\nThe structure is very important to function
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Restriction Enzymes: \n\n \n\nThese are enzymes that cleave the strands of DNA at specific sites, according to the nucleotide sequence. They are counterparts of proteolytic enzymes such as trypsin, chymotrypsin in the world of nucleic acids. They are highly specific, and the sites they recognize may be very rare. Restriction enzymes are found in nature, primarily produced by bacteria as part of a defense system. \n\nThere are several types of restriction enzymes. We will focus on Type II, which is the type most widely used experimentally. \n\nNuclease: an enzyme that cleaves a nucleic acid\n\nRestriction Endonuclease: an enzyme that cleaves within a segment of nucleic acid, when it recognizes a specific sequences of bases. (Restriction enzyme)\n\nTypically, they are dimeric, and cleave at symmetrical sequences of DNA.\n\nExamples EcoR I and BamH I\n\n(See Chime link)\n\nHow do Restriction Enzymes recognize particular sequences of DNA?\n\nDo they open up the strands, in order to see the bases?\n\nNo, they bind along the major or minor grooves, and interact with the edges of the bases, for sequences specificity, \n\nand also with the sugars and the phosphates, for non-specific binding. This involves, H-bonding, hydrophobic contacts, and electrostatic interactions (ion pairs).