What are chromatids and what holds two chromatids together?
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Chromatids are held together by centromeres.  An easy way to describe chromatids is that they are chromosomes that are stuck together.  Two chromatids are held together by a centromere, but as soon as they break apart the are now refered to as chromosomes.
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A ring chromosome is formed when the 2 ends are lost and both chromosome arms fuse together.
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as to number of chromosomes, i couldn't tell.\n\nhowever, as to arrangement, that's a spatial-organization thing. DNA's a long, long, long molecule, and during cellular division you don't want to lose any of it, break it, tangle it, or any other physical issue you can imagine. chromosomes are essentially DNA that's been thickened up by coiling it back on itself several times (think of when you twist a piece of yarn and you eventually get a phone-cord like coil, and if you keep coiling that, you get a supercoil, etc) and by wrapping it around histone proteins. this basically keeps it from getting buggered up during mitosis and meiosis, and keeps it organized when certain genes are not being transcribed; when you DO want to transcribe a gene, it's readily uncoilable.
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Human cells have 46 chromosomes. To ensure that each daughter cell receives one and only one of each chromosome, eukaryotic cells undergo a complex, multistep process called mitosis. Before mitosis can begin, eukaryotes must first replicate their DNA. This process is similar to but takes much longer than DNA replication in prokaryotes. Then, during mitosis, the replicated chromosomes line up along the center line of the cell. Tiny fibers, called spindle fibers, attach to the individual chromosomes and pull them apart, toward opposite poles of the cell, where they remain until the cell divides.\n\nLong story short, the new skin cell will still have 46 chromosomes.
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They are the cells that hold one half of the DNA from the man.  When they foin with the Egg Cell of a woman (that holds one half of her DNA) the result is a full DNA strand tht makes a new person, animan, plant, whatever.
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26\n\nIn meiosis, the chromosome pairs are divided in half so the new cell has 1 of each.  This is because this is used to produce cells for reproduction.\n\nWhen 2 of these cells come together,they create 52 chromosomes again to create a new organism with half of each parents genetic material.
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It is definitely the chromosomes that divide in both mitosis and meiosis. However, the whole cells divides so # 1 sounds like the right answer. Did you ask in class? I am glad you are asking here , but you really should ask your teacher.
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They are pulled apart by the mitotic spindle fibers. This happens in anaphase of mitosis. :-)
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Fertilization.\nOr are you asking about what happens in Prophase 1 of Meiosis? Homologous chromosomes, one from each parent pair.
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Its called the centromere, if i understand your question correctly
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During metaphase in mitosis the chromosomes are aligned at the metaphase plate so that sister chromatids can separate during anaphase. missing this important step will lead to unequal distribution of chromatids between daughter cells which could be fetal to these cells or make them abnormal in terms of chromosome number.
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Chromosomes are what you see under a microscope when they are in a condensed state and preparing to divide.\n\nChromatid is either of the two daughter strands of a replicated chromosome.\n\nChromatin is complex of nucleic acids and proteins, primarily histones, in the cell nucleus that stains readily with basic dyes and condenses to form chromosomes during cell division.
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B) Anaphase 1 \nAnaphase I\n\nKinetochore microtubules shorten, severing the recombination nodules and pulling homologous chromosomes apart. Since each chromosome only has one kinetochore, whole chromosomes are pulled toward opposing poles, forming two haploid sets. Each chromosome still contains a pair of sister chromatids. Nonkinetochore microtubules lengthen, pushing the centrioles further apart. The cell elongates in preparation for division down the middle. Also Homologous pairs line up together at the metaphase plate.
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Because egg and sperm cells have only one set of chromosomes instead of two.  Most cells have a pair of each type of chromosome, plus two chromosomes which determine the gender of the individual.  Mitosis, the normal process of cell reproduction, results in two cells which each have two sets of chromosomes.  Meiosis results in cells having only one set of chromosomes.\n\nThe reason egg and sperm cells have only one set of chromsomes is simple... after sex, an egg is fertilized by combining with a single sperm cell.  Once the egg and sperm (each having one set of chromosomes) have combined, the fertilized egg has two sets of chromosomes - everything it needs to grow and live.
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DNA which is in the nucleas of the cell in the form of chromosomes
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two copies of chromosomes ion the same cell
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I take it your doing a biology assignment?  Chromosomes contain both DNA and the proteins they are wrapped around (histones).  So it is true - chromonsomes contain both DNA and protein.  Each chromosome contains a single DNA molecule.