Where is staphylococcus auricularis normally found?
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It can be found in water and infects skin. Its one of the causes of an ear infection.
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depends on the habbitat, but generally they have similar conditions to that of the oragism they are pathogens to. eg staph aureus is an oppotunistic pathogen, and is found living on our skin.
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Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, (MRSA) is a specific strain of the Staphylococcus aureus bacterium that has developed antibiotic resistance, first to penicillin since 1947, and later to methicillin and related anti-staphylococcal drugs. Popularly termed a "superbug", it was first discovered in Britain in 1961 and is now widespread. Non-methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus is termed methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) to make the distinction.\n\nWhile an MRSA colonisation in an otherwise healthy individual is not usually a serious matter, infection with the organism can be life-threatening to patients with deep wounds, intravenous catheters or other foreign-body instrumentation, or as a secondary infection in patients with compromised immune systems. Part of the problem is that MRSA does not respond to the antibiotics normally prescribed for the infections in question, and can hence progress unchecked.\n\n[edit]
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Good Question!  And The answer is this: Located in the middle ear, the stapedius is a miniscule 1.27 millimeters in length.  It controls the tiniest bone in the body, the stapes or stirrup bone. The stapes and two other bones conduct sound vibrations through the middle ear. The stapedius is innervated by the facial nerve. \n\nHope this answers your Question.
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Short Answer:\n\n\n   Infections spreading, through valve-less veins, in the head are most commonly overgrowths of anaerobic normal flora that begin with tonsilitis & dental infection. \n\n     See:\n       http://www.otohns.net/default.asp?id=15225\n\n\n   Patients with this infection are operated on by DMD OroMaxilloFacial Surgeons, so they may be the best ones to answer questions about this.  \n \n     See:\n        http://www.allexperts.com/postQuestion.asp?Expert=37196&Category=966\n         (above link is to ask a DMD OroMaxilofacial Surgeon)\n\n\n\n\nLonger Explanation:\n\nVeins draining the sinuses (like the cavernous sinus) in the head don't have valves, so blood moves only by pressure diferences.  When localized infections get inflamed,  it increases the pressure in that area.  Infections around the mouth & nose can spread through the valve-less veins into the skull cavity.  Once inside the skull sinuses they can infect the brain usually causing at least nerve dammage, if not death.  \n\nSee:\nhttp://cats.med.uvm.edu/cats_teachingmod/gross_anatomy/head_and_neck/pages/veins.html\nhttp://web.indstate.edu/thcme/duong/head.html\n  (Note: search link for infection [with Ctrl-F] )\n\nThe most common infections to spread via these veins today are tonsilitis & dental infections, that resulted from an overgrowth of normal flora (overgrowth of bacteria normally living in the healthy body).  Most of these [10:1] are anaerobic bacteria (bacteria that do not use & often can not survive in an oxygen rich enviornment).  Most of these infections will spread to infect the sinuses, nose or ear.  \n\nSee:\nhttp://www.otohns.net/default.asp?id=15225\nhttp://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001047.htm\n\n\nYou may want to ask your question to Dentists\nAbout AllExperts offers Dentistry Expert Q & A\nSee:\nhttp://experts.about.com/q/Dentistry-966/Systemic-infection.htm\n(above link is a sample answer)\nhttp://experts.about.com/q/Dentistry-966/index.htm\n(above link is Previous Dentistry answers) \nhttp://www.allexperts.com/postQuestion.asp?Expert=37196&Category=966\n(above link is to ask a DMD OroMaxilofacial Surgeon)\n(Note: DMD's operate on patients with these infections) \nhttp://www.allexperts.com/postQuestion.asp?Expert=68880&Category=966\n(above link is second form to reach same DMD)\nhttp://allexperts.com/getExpert.asp?Category=966\n(above link describes other dentists willing to Answer)\nhttp://allexperts.com/central/howtoask.shtml \n(above link describes the technical asking process) \n\n\n\n\nAsking DMD (both dentist & MD) above is probably best \n(most qualified, familiar & open to answering Q's)\n\n\n\n\n\nif you want to contact others...\n(who will likely be less quaified & less open) \nwriters on this topic may be open to corresponding\n\nNote: you can only correspond when others agree to\nmost physicians have demanding & hectic schedules \nso be very polite, appreciative & flexible\n. . (as you always should, with anyone)\n\nSee:\nhttp://www.bcm.edu/oto/grand/123192.html\n(Baylor Dept of Otololaryngology)\n(at bottom: link to contact Dept) \nhttp://www.ijohns.com/article.asp?issn=0019-5421;year=2006;volume=58;issue=1;spage=95;epage=97;aulast=Anithakumari\n(see top: under correspondance address)\nhttp://www.emedicine.com/med/topic2945.htm\n(see top: under Author's Information click author's name) \nhttp://www.emedicine.com/ped/topic2675.htm\n(see top: under Author's Information click author's name) \nhttp://www.ayubmed.edu.pk/JAMC/PAST/17-1/ShahidAliShah.htm\n(at bottom: link to contact Author)
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There are other Staphylococci which are non-pathogenic - those having a negative coagulase test for instance.\n\nBeing they are genus Staphyloccus, they will have many characteristics in common.
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it looks like Sarcina aurantiaca was a nomenclatural synonym since the name isn't used anymore and isn't listed on NCBI's taxbrowser under the Sarcina genus.  there was one strain deposited at ATCC originally as Sarcina aurantiaca but is now listed as a Staph epidermis.  and since mannitol salt agar was designed for enrichment of Staph there's a good chance it will grow.
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The stapes bone (stirrup) in the ear.
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I don't know, but it's apparently somewhere in Australia..\n\nCheck this out:\nhttp://www.gnomon.com.au/publications/bsd/990116.shtml
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You can find staphylococcus on your skin. It lives there normally. Staph isn't generally considered a sexually transmitted disease. \n\nPerhaps you have a urinary tract infection (UTI)? Is this why you are concerned? Although most UTI's are from E.coli, Staph UTI's are found in sexually active young women, and in newborns.\n\nIf you are concerned, as always see your doctor, if you haven't already. Wear condoms, practice safe sex...EVERYtime.
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In Latin gold is aurum. So ... !
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by what i have heard its found in dirt. it could be something due to hygiene. They found in the study that the people using the bauch and lombe (moisture lock)were acquiring the fungus so these were being removed from stores.
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Streptococcus viridans predominate in the normal oral cavity. They include 19 species, the most common are SALIVARIUS, MUTANS ( that produces caries ), SANGUIS ( that produces endocarditis )
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INTRODUCTION — Shortly after the introduction of methicillin in 1959, outbreaks of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections were reported in the early 1960s [1]. Methicillin resistance in S. aureus is defined as an oxacillin minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) 4 µg/mL. Isolates resistant to oxacillin or methicillin are also resistant to all beta-lactam agents including cephalosporins.\n\nMethicillin resistance is mediated by the mecA gene, which encodes for an abnormal low-affinity binding protein, PBP-2a that permits the organism to grow and divide in the presence of methicillin and other beta-lactam antibiotics. (See "Mechanisms of antibiotic resistance in Staphylococcus aureus").\n\nThe evidence suggests that a single clone of MRSA accounted for most of the isolates recovered during the 1960s [2,3] and that five major MRSA clones had emerged worldwide by 2002 [4]. Dissemination of resistance was mediated by horizontal transfer of the mecA gene and related regulatory sequences [5]. Since that time, MRSA has increased in prevalence worldwide as both a nosocomial and, more recently, a community-associated pathogen.\n\nThe epidemiology and clinical manifestations of MRSA infection in adults will be reviewed here. The prevention and control and the treatment of MRSA infections in adults is discussed separately. (See "Prevention and control of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus" and see "Treatment of methicillin-resistant or vancomycin resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection in adults").\n\nEPIDEMIOLOGY — MRSA was at first primarily a healthcare-associated (nosocomial) infection, with only small numbers of community-associated cases [4]. However, it is now an increasingly prevalent community-associated pathogen. Such patients acquire MRSA infection in the outpatient setting, and are infected at the time of hospital admission.\n\nCommunity-associated (CA) MRSA isolates usually have different molecular and antimicrobial susceptibility characteristics from healthcare-associated (HA) MRSA. However, nosocomially acquired MRSA can spread to household and community contacts and be a source of community-associated infection [6]. In addition, CA-MRSA is emerging as a significant cause of nosocomial infection as illustrated by analysis of 132 cases of MRSA blood stream infection in patients collected at an urban public hospital in 2004 [7]. Molecular typing studies demonstrated that 39 of 116 isolates (34 percent) were MRSA USA300 genotype, the predominant cause of CA-MRSA infection in the area.\n\nGenetics of methicillin resistance — Molecular typing techniques have provided insights into the epidemiology of MRSA and to differences between HA-MRSA and CA-MRSA. The genetic determinants of antibiotic resistance in MRSA are discussed in detail separately, but will be reviewed briefly here. (See "Mechanisms of antibiotic resistance in Staphylococcus aureus").\n\nThe mecA gene responsible for methicillin resistance is located on a mobile genetic element called staphylococcal cassette chromosome (SCCmec). Sequencing SCCmec from many MRSA strains has revealed that there are five SCCmec types (I-V) that vary in genetic makeup and size. Transfer of SCCmec from MRSA into well-adapted strains of methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) has occurred on a number of occasions, resulting in new MRSA strains that spread rapidly in healthcare institutions. A majority of HA-MRSA clones have type I, II, or III SCCmec and are multidrug resistant [8].\n\nIn contrast, a majority of CA-MRSA strains have type IV SCCmec [9-11]. Because type IV SCCmec does not carry the multiple antibiotic resistance genes common among types I to III [10,11], CA-MRSA are usually resistant only to methicillin, other beta-lactam antibiotics, and erythromycin, but are usually susceptible to other classes of antibiotics, particularly trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and clindamycin [10,12-16]. CA-MRSA in so
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Streptococcus bacillus.
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First, to achieve success in school, spend some time doing research. In the time it took to post a question in Y!A you could have used a seach engine and come up with the answer in seconds.\nbecause it is so easy to find, I will go ahead do a brief rundown on spherical bacteria.\n\nSperical cells are round and are called 'cocci' (singular coccus). They may be true spheres (eg. staphylococci), or irregular helmet-shaped (eg. pneumococci), or kidney-shaped (eg. Neisseriae, Vibrio). \n\nCocci may occur alone, in pairs, or in groups. \nIf found in pairs they are called diplococci.\nIn a group of three they are a triad, etc. \nOthers include: Tetracoccus (groups of four), Streptococcus (chains), Sarcina (cubes of eight), and Staphylococcus (irregular clusters). \n\nThis group can cause many diseases in humans and animals. Some include the following: pneumonia, throat infection, strep throat, bacterial heart disease, meningitis, septicemia (blood poisoning), and various skin diseases including fleash eating disease.\n\nIf you were not doing a homework assignment, I apologize for chastizing you. In order to be successful in research, you have to lay a good foundation.
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Registered Nurse here; Yes Dear it is very possible it could be MRSA, in fact the odds are that it is MRSA.  For MRSA is sweeping this country as we speak.  Also the number one place to acquire MRSA is THE HOSPITAL.  That's right, it is the hospital.  Now if it is MRSA, chances are the antibiotic your on will have no effect on infection.  For with MRSA our resources for antibiotics are very limited and require a culture and sensitivity report from the laboratory to find out which antibiotic will work on the strain of infection you have.  Please see your surgeon immediately.  If it's not MRSA, That's Great, if it is YOU NEED TO BE ON THE RIGHT ANTIBIOTIC NOW.  \nThanks for the opportunity to address this question.  I have had 4 outbreaks since April of this year of MRSA.  Believe me hun, make that trip to the Doctor.