what  is  or ' b 'are  hadrons.....are they proven theoreticle ?
80973
They are real particles.  They really exist.  The two types are mesons and baryons.  Mesons are made of one quark and an anti-quark.  Solid matter we touch in every day life is made up of atoms made of protons, neutrons, and electrons.  Protons and neutrons are two kinds of hadrons called baryons, made up from the same particles (quarks) that make up mesons, except protons and neutrons are made up of 3 quarks.  Unlike protons and neutrons, mesons are unstable, so they quickly decay.  But they can be produced and studied in particle colliders, such as the Tevatron at Fermilab, and other big colliders at the Stanford Linear Accelerator Collider (SLAC), and at Cornell.  Have a look at the following websites for more info:\n\nhttp://www2.slac.stanford.edu/vvc/theory/hadrons.html\nhttp://www.fnal.gov\nhttp://www.slac.stanford.edu
62030
Protons and neutrons.
680011
no one really knows yet.\n\nalthough, at one point, people thought atoms were the smallest particles, now we know about protons, neutrons, and electrons (and now there's a theory that they're made out of something called quarks, but no one really knows what they are)... it's only a matter of time until we find out what they're all made of... and what those things are made of... and what those things are made of... and so on (I seriously doubt it ever ends... like the universe)
129718
its due to their spin, and actually protons are composed of quarks (which due to their spin properties give it a positive charge).\n\nYou can do a search on quarks and learn more about sub-atomic particles
453117
How can you have something if nothings there? Atoms are made up or protons, neutrons, and quarks which are the basic building blocks of matter. Well at least until someone discovers there made up of something else lol!
1082808
mathematical dilemma. there is no answer to the question. Well at least none that are known. Just like the elements we know there out there but we have to figure them out first.  just like Einstein theory of fusion. its passable just not proved.
1182803
Protons and neutrons are made up of quarks, which are elementary partcicles (i.e have no inner structure that we know of). There are six different falvours of quarks: up, down, charm, strange, top and bottom. \nA proton is made of to up quarks and a down quark. A neutron is made up of two down quarks and an up quarks.\nElectrons are elementary partcicles that belong to a group called leptons.
360137
the simplistic answer involves the electrons, protons and neutrons. the more complex answer contains up quarks, down quarks- which are the building blocks of protons and neutrons. \nThen if we think about it we have also got anti-matter, which is involved in bonding and so forth, and so must be around somewhere. positrons, anti-bonding orbitals, etc.
145662
They think that protons and neutrons are made of quarks.  No one is sure what a quark is made of, however.  When we break apart a proton or neutron in the lab, we can see the effects of quarks, but not the quarks themselves.  So far, the best ideas regarding what quarks are made of are contained in the 'Superstring' theory, but we have a lot of experimenting to do so see how superstrings work.
68836
Protons and neutrons are both made of quarks. A proton has two "up" quarks and one "down" quark, while the neutron has two "down" quarks and one "up" quark. (The up and down are just names for these two types of quark, there is no physical significance to the name. They could have selected Chocolate and Vanilla instead.)\n\nProtons and neutrons are almost always desribed as being composed of three quarks, but there are also gluons running around. Gluons are the particles which control the interaction of quarks within a proton or neutron. They carry the force that binds the three quarks together to form the larger particle.\n\nSo a proton or neutron has three quarks and a cloud of gluons.\n\nIf one combines a proton and an electron and a neutrino you will get a neutron, but, in the oddness of quantum physics that doesn't mean a neutron is made of these little guys.\n\nElectrons on the other hand seem to have no consituents, at least down to the level that has been probed with modern instruments.
91593
yes.as b has something raised to power negative.it goes to denominator
94713
As far as we know, quarks are elementary particles (meaning they are not made up of anything else).\n\nQuarks were formed at the beginning of the universe, but new ones are also formed all the time.  \n\nIn high-energy collisions quarks can be created.  At Fermilab, protons are collided with anti-protons each with about 1000 GeV of energy, and hundreds of quarks can be created in each collision.  A radiated gluon, for example, can hadronize into many particles made of quarks.
464300
Neutrons are made of quarks, yes. As are protons/neutrons (which are just positive/negative neutrons).
1104368
Hi Aaron\n\nThe W+, W- and Z particles are actually intermediate vector bosons - they're the exchange bosons for the weak force, not the strong force.  The unification of weak force with electromagnetism requires these bosons to be massive (so that the strengths reconcile at the unification energy).  A consequence of the boson mass is that the weak force is short ranged.\n\nBoth W and Z bosons have been detected at CERN.  The detected masses match those predicted by electroweak theory. The mass of these bosons is posited to occur via the Higgs mechanism, the interaction of the bosons with the Higgs scalar mass field.  The charged W bosons take part in quark decays (eg beta decay) whereas the Z boson shows influence through weaker neutral currents.\n\nStrong nuclear interactions are mediated by gluons.  There are 8 different gluon types (compare to four electroweak bosons) and all gluons are massless (like the photon).\n\nHope this helps!\nThe Chicken
34477
It is 'B'. But I don't understand why you put up this question under 'Physics'!
154188
Any of a group of six elementary particles having electric charges of a magnitude one-third or two-thirds that of the electron, regarded as constituents of all hadrons.\n\n\nA soft creamy acid-cured cheese of central Europe made from whole milk.\n\n\nhypothetical truly fundamental particle in mesons and baryons; there are supposed to be six flavors of quarks (and their antiquarks), which come in pairs; each has an electric charge of +2/3 or -1/3 2: fresh unripened cheese of a smooth texture made from pasteurized milk, a starter, and rennet.
258115
Basic Physics Questions\n\nI am a student, and I have a basic physics question about...\nThis question would be better covered by a physics teacher in your school that you can interact with for better understanding. You might get a science fair project out of it, too.\n\nDr. Louis Barbier and Beth Jacob\n(October 2002)\n\n\nParticle Physics\n\nI am trying to learn some physics on my own, but I find the descriptions of particles either too technical or too vague. I want a description of the structure of a nucleus and how particles are classified. I need a text that's not too hard, but without sacrificing rigor.\nI'm afraid you can't have a text that's not too hard without sacrificing rigor. If you have a background in physics, a standard undergraduate text book that I would recommend is Nuclei and Particles by Emilio Segre.\n\nDr. Louis Barbier\n\n\nSub-divide Electrons?\n\nCan electrons be divided into sub-particles or are they pure energy?\nThere is no evidence that electrons can be sub-divided. They appear to be pure, primary particles. Although matter and energy are in some ways different forms of the same thing, electrons have a rest mass and so are considered matter and not pure energy.\n\nDr. Eric Christian\n(May 2000)