what is plant cloning?
84585
Just what it sounds like: producing lots of genetically identical plants.\n\nUnlike animal cloning plant cloning is a natural proccess that plants used for millions of years before humans evolved. Many plants can reproduce identical copies of themsleves from their roots, or by dropped limbs or from other parts of their bodies.\n\nHumans have used plant cloning for as long as we have been farming. Common cloning techniques include the use of cuttings, runners, grafts, splitting of bulbs and the planting of tubers and bulbs.
1142248
The thrust of research is to bring the techniques of plant tissue culture and molecular biology in the development of procedures for embryo rescue and regeneration, development of novel hybrids, induction of somatic embryogenesis, micro-propagation of endemic and/ or endangered medicinal plant species, isolation and heterologous expression of genes for the synthesis of biodegradable polymers, and characterization of lignin biosynthesis pathway genes and their down regulation.
972952
Cloning is a method of development of an new organisms with a single parental cells as it contain the same number of genome. It is type of asexual reproduction by means of which the offspring is produced as an identical copies of the parents because here only one parent either male or female is involved out . According to modern technology it may be called as tissue culture mechanisms.
874287
It is where they take the genetic structure of one cow's DNA and making the exact same cow. Basically they take DNA from one cow and insert it into a cows embryo - then that cow gives birth to a cow with the same genetic structure as the one they took the DNA from. Creating a clone. \n\nGo to this website for a less confusing explanation :)\nwww.ornl.gov/sci/techresources/Human_Genome/elsi/cloning.shtml
674863
I support the research on human cloning. The clones would be individuals just like the rest of us--there is more to what makes a person who they are than their genes. Look at identical twins--they share the exact same genome yet they are not exact copies of one another in experience, personality, skills, etc. \nI think the pertinant question is this: What are the ethical rules to follow when it comes to human cloning?
176807
regeneration of RuBP\n\nFrom the link below:
341556
Agrobacterium is a genus of bacteria that causes tumors in plants. Agrobacterium tumefaciens is the most commonly studied species in this genus. Agrobacterium is well known for its ability to transfer DNA between itself and plants, and for this reason it has become an important tool for plant improvement by genetic engineering.\n\n\nA. tumefaciens causes crown-gall disease in plants. The disease is characterised by a tumour like growth or gall on the infected plant, often at the junction between the root and the shoot. Tumors are incited by the transfer of a DNA (T-DNA) segment from the bacterial tumour-inducing (Ti) plasmid. The closely related species, A. rhizogenes, induces root tumors, and carries the distinct Ri (root-inducing) plasmid. Although the taxonomy of Agrobacterium is currently confused it can be generalised that 3 biovars exist within the genus, A. tumefaciens or biovar 1, A. rhizogenes or biovar 2, and A. vitis or biovar 3. Strains within biovars 1 and 2 are known to be able to harbour either a Ti or Ri-plasmid, whilst strains of biovar 3, generally restricted to grapevines, can harbour a Ti-plasmid. Non-Agrobacterium strains have been isolated from environmental samples which harbour a Ri-plasmid whilst laboratory studies have shown that non-Agrobacterium strains can also harbour a Ti-plasmid. Many environmental strains of Agrobacterium do not possess either a Ti or Ri-plasmid. These strains are avirulent.\n\nThe plasmid T-DNA is incorporated into the genome of the host cell by homologous recombination, and the virulence (vir) genes on the T-DNA are expressed, causing the formation of a gall. The T-DNA carries genes for the biosynthetic enzymes for the production of unusual amino acids, typically octopine or nopaline. It also carries genes for the biosyntheis of the plant hormones, auxin and cytokinins. By altering the hormone balance in the plant cell, the division of those cells cannot be controlled by the plant, and tumors form. The ratio of auxin to cytokinin produced by the tumor genes determines the morphology of the tumor (root-like, disorganized or shoot-like).\n\n[edit]\nAgrobacterium in biotechnology\nThe ability of Agrobacterium to transfer genes to plants has been exploited for genetic engineering for plant improvement. A modified Ti or Ri plasmid can be used. The plasmid is 'disarmed' by deletion of the tumor inducing genes, the only essential parts of the T-DNA are its two small (25 base pair) border repeats, at least one of which is needed for plant transformation. A team of researchers led by Dr Mary-Dell Chilton were the first to demonstrate that the virulence genes could be removed without adversely affecting the ability of Agrobacterium to insert its own DNA into the plant genome (1983).\n\nThe genes to be introduced into the plant are cloned into the T-DNA region of the disarmed plasmid, together with a selectable marker (such as antibiotic resistance) to enable selection for plants that have been successfully transformed. Plants are grown on media containing antibiotic following transformation, and those that do not have the T-DNA integrated into their genome will die.\n\nTransformation with Agrobacterium can be achieved in two ways. Protoplasts, or leaf-discs can be incubated with the Agrobacterium and whole plants regenerated using plant tissue culture. A common transformation protocol for Arabidopsis is the floral-dip method: the flowers are dipped in an Agrobacterium culture, and the bacterium transforms the germline cells that make the female gametes. The seeds can then be screened for antibiotic resistance, and plants that have not integrated the plasmid DNA will die.\n\nAgrobacterium does not infect all plant species, but there are several other effective techniques for plant transformation including the gene gun.
1161396
biotechnology is technology that has to do with living things. for instance, growing organs, genetically enhancing/modifying plants and animals, etc.
697436
are you asking about DNA extraction or plant (apple tree) cross-breeding?
169013
Some plants reproduce vegetatively.  This means they send out runners or "pups" which will grow into new plants.  Other plants will have parts such as leaves or stems which, if they fall off the mother plant, will produce adventitious roots and grow into a new plant.  The drawback to this vegetative reproduction is that it is the same as cloning and it does not result in any genetic diversity (in some specialized niches this may be an advantage).
456870
all off spring plants will be similar to that of parent plant in all characters .even the delicate characters like taste ,colour shape of fruit ,smell are 100%similar.\n\nthis true to type nature is obtained by going for vegetative or asexual propagation methods like budding, grafting, stem cuttings, root cuttings, leaf cuttings etc.
87726
The way it is treated will affect its life. Should you place the stem in a polystyrene cube, floating in a tank of aerated water, stocked with nutrients and maintained at 26 degrees celsius, you would begin generating a healthy "clone" of the original plant within three weeks.
718252
First, clones have been around for a long time - they can occur naturally. Identical twins or triplets start off with the same DNA and are considered clones of each other. There are many species of animal, including humans, where twinning naturally occurs.\n\nSome species, of both plant and animal, have been bred for so long to contain the same genetic material (useful for genetic studies) that each generation has the exact same DNA as its parents. While regular reproduction occurs, since the source material is the same, there ends up being no genetic variation, except for mutation.\n\nAs for artificial cloning, that has been developed in the past two decades. In 1997, Scottish researched announced that they had successfully taken genetic material from an adult ewe (female sheep) and inserted it into an egg cell that was implanted into another sheep who gave birth to the clone (Dolly the sheep), in a process called 'somatic cell nuclear transfer'. Since Dolly, several other mammals have been cloned. Because the transfered adult nuclei don't always take well with the hosting egg cells, there are many egg cells that don't develop clones than there are successful cloning attempts.
630141
Many people disagree; some on religious grounds (against God's will), some on ethical/moral (somehow cloning is unnatural).  given that clones have same DNA they would have same immune system and thus be vulnerable to diseases that others might resist because of variations.
687236
A clone is a group of identical genes, cells, or organisms derived from a single ancestor. For example a living thing.\n\nA copy refers to a reproduction of a photo, copy, or other pieces of work.
151379
Is this what cloning basically is? Asexual reproduction? And are we headed toward making a "perfect" species?  \n*** does this mean humans will become extinct in the not too distant future?
55818
Human cloning is practically possible. That is ,it can be done. But the actual human cloning is at present; illegal.\nAt the same time animal cloning has not even been perfected. Only 1 or 2 offsprings are gotten from about 100 experiments.