What is an ecosystem? and what is carbon cycle?do not copy from internet?
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an ecosystem is a place with food water shelter air and space.They are habitats for animals.
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I have heard it as "for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction" As for people and environment.  Someone cuts down a forest- what happens? Soil biodiversity changes, animal species in that area change, CO2 consumption in that area decreases.\n   People put more black top up- absorbs and reflects heat warming the earth's surface more. There are a ton of examples, I am not sure what you are looking for specifically.
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I'm not sure exactly what you're getting at with this question. Biomass just refers to any organic substance on the planet: plants, animals, bacteria...  See first link below.\n\nWhen people talk about the relative "cost" of biomass, they are often comparing the amount of water and energy it takes to create a certain amount of plant biomass (e.g., 1 kg of wheat) vs the same amount of animal biomass (e.g., 1 kg of steak). Because of the way the food chain works, it takes a lot more resources to create meat for consumption than it does to produce a plant-based (vegetarian) diet. A lot of people therefore eat vegetarian because it's better for the environment (and the earth can sustain a LOT more people on a vegetarian diet.) See second link below for details.\n\nBiomass can also be burned for energy  - e.g. chaff, manure, or peat. This is usually called biofuel. The efficiency depends on the material, but like all methods of producing energy, there is some pollution generated by burning.\n\nI hope this is helpful.
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You may want to rephrase your question to indicate zero net carbon emissions or something along those lines.  Carbon is a part of all organic life; carbon is a vital component of all known living systems, and without it life as we know it could not exist.\n\nAs for a zero net carbon/zero net greenhouse emissions city I imagine it would be very nice to breathe and the night & day sky may look dramatically different.  People with breathing disorders may be able to breathe better.\n\nAs for new ideas, do you mean ideas that would lead a city to not contribute green house gasses to the atmosphere?  I'm not sure, it would take a lot of initiative and a huge shift in perception.  Individuals should take it upon themselves to reduce gasoline (drive more efficiently, combine errands, carpool, use other forms of transportation) and energy consumption (turn off computer & lights, turn down thermostat) and should let their representatives in government know how they feel.  None of these ideas are new, sorry.
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The usual example is that of a pond; a self-contained ecosystem.\nNow you need to do your learning and consider how the organisms depend upon one another.
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Difference between rainforest and which one? \nProbably the habitat, no. of trophic levels
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Scientists now use a systems view of Earth to understand the processes responsible for the evolution of the Earth on all timescales and the interaction of Earth's subsystems (atmosphere, biosphere, geosphere, hydrosphere). Understanding Earth means using a scientific approach that considers the Earth as a complex, evolving body, characterized by ceaseless change. It means understanding Earth on a global scale by describing how its component parts and their interactions have evolved, how they function, how they may be expected to evolve. \n\n\nWe are interested in how the Earth system functions, what is "normal," what causes change in the system, and how the system copes with change. The Earth system is sometimes compared to the human body. We are interested in how well our heart/ lungs/muscles/nerves, etc. work--but we are most keenly interested in how well the components work together--our overall health. So it is with Earth. \n\n\nDisturbances to the Earth system are called perturbations. They can encompass anything from a change in the amount of solar insolation reaching Earth to the amount of carbon dioxide humans are putting into the atmosphere. Any change that has an effect on the Earth system that is either amplified or damped is part of a feedback loop--either positive or negative. Positive feedback reinforces an action or response. For example, an increase of ice or snow in cold climates can encourage cooler temperatures and more ice and snow--a positive feedback. Negative feedback is usually more stabilizing and limits the deviation of the system. For example, if those cold climates had warmer temperatures, that would likely result in less ice and snow, which would encourage the continuation of warmer temperatures. Notice that positive feedback reinforces (amplifies) a behavior but does not mean that the behavior is desirable. See Daisyworld on page 9-13 for a more detailed look at systems.
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Primary? Think? no , actually I think it is Secondary. Primary are the plants themselves which actually consume only from the invironment around them such as CO2, water and solar energy. I think that's right. Can't think of where the second word goes, though. Sorry!?
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what is the water cycle??
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A forest is a large area of trees.\n\n- It provides a habitat for a large range of flora and fauna.\n- The wood in forests can be used by people for building etc.\n- The photosynthesis (http://www.scienceaid.co.uk/plantnutrition.html ) of plants provides vital oxygen for our planet by converting carbon dioxide to oxygen.  Therefore more forests would reduce global warming.
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http://www.un.org/esa/agenda21/natlinfo/countr/india/eco.htm\n\nThere is quite a bit of information here.
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CC means Carbon Copy.. You can send an email to orginial receipiant and then you can also send a copy to someone else as a reference (i.e. yourself)
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Diversity is a term that refers both to the different classes of items in a given system, and also to the distribution of those items in those classes.\nBiological diversity or biodiversity is related to the concept of biocomplexity, that is, the web of interelationships and fluxes circulating in the ecosystem. It is usually measured at three levels: ecological biodiversity, species biodiversity and genetic biodiversity.\n\nSpecies biodiversity is not only the number of species in a given ecosystem, but also the proportion of individuals that belong to each species. \nExample: \nIf you have 10 species, but out of a 100-individuals sample, 91 belong to a single species, then the biodiversity is not that high. In probabilistic terms, you  could say that the chances of finding 9 of the 10 species in any sample is low. \n\nThe rainforests of the world are classical examples of high diversity ecosystems. In contrast, most ecosystems that are under continuous stress are less biodiverse, for example deserts, or grasslands. However, low biodiversity does not necessarily mean "less healthy" ecosystems. Although a grassland is less biodiverse than a rainforest, it's a stable biome all the same.\nA related concept, ecological biodiversity, refers to the variety of ecosystems in a given area, and the pattern of distribution of communities in a given landscape. No ecosystem is completely isolated from others and the health of each one depends partly on the interrelationships with other areas, therefore, the loss of ecological biodiversity due to the disappearance of certain environments can lead to greater unbalances.\nGenetic biodiversity refers to variety at genetic level. In a population, it refers to the different alleles (variations of a single gene) that are present. We know that evolutionarily speaking, polymorphisms (presence of different alleles) are a sign of a healthy population, because a greater source of variation is a better resource to respond to environmental changes. Populations that lose their genetic biodiversity (for example, because the number of individuals is severely reduced) may be more exposed to extinction. \nBiodiversity can be measured at all the organization levels studied by Ecology, but is especially focused in communities and ecosystems.
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Carbon credits as defined by Kyoto Protocol are one metric ton of carbon emitted by the burning of fossil fuels.\n\nOrganizations such as Rainforest Credits and Tropical Sierra are working in conjunction with universities all over the world to build an online information database known as the Rainforest Encyclopedia for businesses and industries to research and calculate what they need to invest in to offset their greenhouse gas emissions.
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Try a mini ecosystem in a 2-liter coke bottle. Study it for a few months and see how it changes. Record what plants and animals you put in too.I suggest putting in some worms, moss, and an up-right plant
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Community or ecosystem.
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From so many chemical reactions you couldn't list them all here but if you mean in the context of the global warming issue we need only look at systems that release carbon that would otherwise be locked away into the environment.  The big two sources are the much talked about burning of fossil fuels.  The carbon of coal and oil are burned to form mostly CO2.  Another big source that I don't hear much about is the carbon in limestone (calcium carbonate).  We heat this up to realize a lot of CO2 to make concrete.  A lot of CO2 is released in this process.  From the limestone and from the fossil fuel used to cook it.