why is it that we dont use human pancreatic cells for production of recombinent insulin.but  go for ecolicells
93710
I believe the ecoli replicates much much faster than cultured human pancreatic cells.
278302
Since stem cells are abundant in the blood remaining in the umbilical cord after delivery, there does not need to be a moral trade off... I favour harvesting of stem cells from donated cord blood and see no reason at all why embryonic cells are needed at all in order to do the research that holds such incredible promise.\n\n\nAdded after reading the answer below...WOW! Now, this is interesting...I am pro choice and the person below is clearly not, and yet on this issue we are in agreement... If a "Pro Lifer" and a "Pro Choice Advocate" are both saying, in essence, "Hey, you don't need to create embroyos for this purpose, there is another perfectly viable source of stem cells, use it." we have to be right, because usually we probably wouldn't be able to agree that water is wet.
717724
In type I, the beta cells do not produce insulin-either because of a defect in the cell machinery or because of death of all the beta cells.  In type II, there is resistance to insulin at the receptor level-the body has to produce more and more insulin for the same effect..this can lead to loss of insulin production and the same situation as found in type I, no insulin.  The pancreas makes a very large number of substances, and is not a lobular organ-in other words, the beta, alpha, and delta cells, and the other hormone-producing cells, are found throughout the organ.  In type I diabetes, the rest of the organ appears to be normal-thus, if you were to transplant another pancreas in, you would have severe problem regulating the production of all the other pancreas-produced substances.  You would have to remove the original pancreas (which is otherwise healthy) and replace it with the donated one, which would have a good chance of being rejected, leaving you with no pancreas at all- Further, organ transplants are only done when there is no other treatment, and death would otherwise be imminent.  That is clearly not the case in diabetes, though there are a great many health risks.  Overall, the risks from having diabetes and taking exogenous insulin are less than having a tissue transplant, which isn't necessary to save the life at any rate.
777407
This is a good question, but let's define "important" as "necessary for organismal survival".  In this case, both are EQUALLY important.  The endocrine function of the pancreas is to secrete insulin and glucagon which help to lower and raise the blood sugar levels, respectively.  Blood sugar level homeostasis is necessary for human survival.  On the other hand, the exocrine pancreas secretes trypsinogen, chymotrypsinogen, carboxypeptidase, pancreatic lipase, pancreatic amylase, and other substances which aid in the digestion of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats.  Obviously, this is a function which is also necessary to human survival.  You simply can not live with only one of these pancreatic functions operational and so it appears that neither function takes precedence over the other.  Again, very thoughtful and insightful question!
924104
People with Diabetes have a Pancreas that either produces very little or no insulin. People with type 1 diabetes take insulin and this can come in many forms... I am a type one diabetic and i have been since my 12th birthday (7years ago) (late birthday present!!) I started off on 2 injections a day which was a basic insulin called Mixtard 30 which was awful as I was at more risk of Hypoglacaemia's aka "Hypo's" (a low blood sugar) I am not on 2 short acting insulins and Glargine (a 24hour long acting insulin) which i find is much easier to manage with fewer hypo's.\n\nType 1 Diabetics do not produce enough or no insulin at all so they have to fully compensate their body by injecting insulin! (this tends to be people under the age of 40 years old or people over that age who are very poorly controlled on their Type 2 medication which is tablets, then they will be transfered onto insulin injections.\n\nType 2 Diabetics have a pancreas that will produce insulin but in small amounts or when it is not needed. The tablet medication they take shall cause the pancreas to regulate and produce insulin when required (after eating a meal) (this is why the tablets should be taken before a meal to get a chance to work).\n\nThere are many types of insulin and there are many types of tablets for diabetic patients and the main thing that people forget is that when you have a cold or feel ill go to a pharmacy and  please remember that your diabetic medication may interact with some medications that you can buy in stores so i would reccommend that it is best that you go to a pharmacy and seek proffessional advice and not just buy a cough medicine or expectorant from a superstore as the P medicines ONLY SOLD bechind a pharamacy counter are stronger!
941787
Insulin.  In Type 1 diabetes mellitus, the cells of the pancreas produce little or no insulin to regulate blood glucose level appropriately.  It can occur at any age, but usually starts in people younger than 30.  It also has a strong genetic link.
1187954
A quick trip to Yahoo! Reference revealed that the pancreas is a small, irregularly shaped organ that resides between your stomach and your spine. The pancreas has two primary purposes: to secrete enzymes into your digestive system that help break down carbohydrates and protein, and to produce hormones that help maintain normal blood sugar levels. \nThe pancreas is technically part of the endocrine system, though it plays an important role in the digestive system as well. The endocrine system is a collection of glands, including your pituitary, thyroid, and adrenal glands, that secrete hormones to monitor your metabolism and cell growth, among many other things.
233507
There are, at this writing, NO cures for diabetes mellitus (either Type 1 or Type 2, which are quite different diseases with shared symptoms). Whether herbal or otherwise. We now understand diabetes well enough to understand what it is, and what a cure would behave. And nothing comes close so far. \n\nThere is some prospect of cures for both, however. In the case of uncomplicated Type 1, replacement of the beta cells which have been lost would be a cure. The problem is that  beta cells from anyone else are attacked by the immune system and destroyed. There are various schemes for evading this in the research labs, and some of them are showing promise. A clinically successful approach is (probably) going to be found relatively soon, and if so, Type 1 will be curable. The 'graft rejection' immune system problem could be evaded if beta cells could be developed from the body's own cells. This will likely be possible if we could understand stem cells well enough, and this possibility is one of the strongest promises of that research. The political situation surrounding stem cell research (especially in the US) merely complicates the research problem, but doesn't change the underlying possibilities and promise of the science.\n\nType 2 is more difficult as the characteristic problem is the resistence of cells throughout the body to the action of insulin in getting body cells to absorb glucose from the blood. However, we are close to understanding the underlying cellular mechanism of insulin action (and perhaps to the cause of its failure) and this may lead to a theraputic advance good enough to be called a cure.\n\n\n=======\n\nOne of the most serious problems in regard to diabetes is the frequency and variety of the quackery which surrounds it. It is a serious disease (both of the most common Types) and is a real nuisance to treat in all Type 1 cases (insulin is required) and many Type 2 cases (unending scheming about diet, exercise, and medication of various types). With no  cure from standard medicine, there seems to be an open invitation to sharp operators. The variety of 'ancient cures' from somewhere else in the world, 'non-toxic treatments', and so on is substantial. Absolutely none of these 'cures' or 'supports' has been shown to actually work; if any of them did, it will be adopted quite promptly by regular medicine since there are no effective treatments for diabetes which aren't a nuisance for both patient and doctor. Patients would demand it with no doubt at all, as such a breakthrough would certainly be first page news around the world. Diabetes and insulin research have won at least 4 Nobel Prizes so far, and there's little reason to think there wouldn't be another for such a breakthrough. Quite an incentive for researchers, actually.
168821
We have been using yeast cells to make alcoholic beverages for a long time, even before we knew what they were. And now, as a result of scientific investigation, people are studying ways to try to make yeast produce other useful materials. For example, if we could modify yeast to produce polyethylene, we would not have to make it out of oil and the US would buy less oil. \n\nAs far as animal cells go, people are studying ways to grow skin cells in big sheets, so that skin grafts can be done on people who have suffered deep or widespread burns. That will be a big, important discovery if we can do it.
1060558
a.cell fusion -2 Living cells fused using synthetic medium artificially, it casues karyoplast fusion as well as cytoplast fusion, When an undifferentiated stem cell fuses with a mature differentiated cell, the resultant cell can retain the mature cell \n\nb.Tissue culture - A branch of biotechnology working using invtro cell lines in a petridish growing in 37 degree incubator with 5% Carbon dioxide.. example Hela cell lines - A cell line obtained from Henrita laks ( other exapmles like  tissues cut from kidney or other tissues and homogeneous suspension is  made  and grown in dishes to study drug targetting and for transfection.Also in plants small part of bud is cultured in a test tube with appropriate shoot inducing and rooinducing hormones to get plants with desired charecters .A biotechnology teaching college is incomplete without a tissue culture lab aslo known as cell culture lab\n\nc.Recombinent DNA - Most of the times bacterial plasmids are engineered to ligate with gene of interest using enzymes to obtain required protein ,usually used for commercial purpose and also for research purpose ( recombining DNA -a major feild also called as genetic engineering )\n\nd.Embryo transfer - 2 kinds of embryo transfers are commenly seen .One in the laboratory,it is done using mouse embryos, after embryo manipulations , to obtain transgenic animals or knock out animals or for other purposes embryos are transfered to a surrogate mother ,It is done in two ways. uterine or oviduct (depending on the stage of the embryo) , 2nd one ,in hosipitals  invitro clininc IVF therapy ,Embryos are transferred using a cappilary pipe and a syringe,through the vegina ( generally in blastocyst stage)to the mother after invitro fertilisation for those mothes who has problem in natural fertilsation and also for various other reasons ,to get disigned babies .Embryo transfers are also practicved in other animals as well .Dolly is also a gud example born after embryo transfer after somatic cell nuclear transfer \n\ne.Artificial insemination - Here sperm is placed into a female's uterus by artificial means unlike natural copulation.Semen is collected, extended, then cooled or frozen. It can be used on site or shipped to the female's location.artificial insemination were first developed for the dairy cattle industry to allow many cows to be impregnated with the sperm of a bull with traits for improved milk production.and also in other animals .In humans artificial insemination is usually part of an infertility treatment; either the woman's partner's sperm (artificial insemination by husband, AIH) or donor sperm (artificial insemination by donor, AID) can be used.\n\nf.protoplast fusion - a technique used to generate genetically modified fruits,Protoplast is nothing but cell minus cell wall , so two protoplasts are fused from two fruits after removing cell wall using generally PEG and sendiviruses to enhance fusion .Generally it causes somatic cell fusion.Protoplasts are useful in genetic manipulations because they do not have cell walls. They are ideal targets for taking up naked DNA and for fusing with protoplasts of other related species. In the related genus, Episcia, some species and selections have true yellow and red flowers. this procedure has been successfully applied  for plant regeneration from African violet protoplasts to protoplasts of Episcia cupreata Tropical Topaz .Several researchers have emphasized production of hybrids between distantly related, sexually incompatible species, not all are success stories there are more failure also .\n\ng. test tube baby - A test-tube baby is the term that refers to a \nchild that is conceived outside the woman's body.  The first \nsuccessful test-tube baby was born in England in 1978 and since then.over 20,000 test-tube babies have been born worldwide. The process is referred to as in vitro (outside the body) fertilization.Simply put, eggs are removed from the mother's ovary and inc
953775
firstly, insulin is not produced in fixed quantities. and it is NOT regulated by pituitary gland. insulin is secreted by the beta cells of the pancreas and this is done by direct stimulation of glucose in blood. if the pancreas have normal functioning beta cells, there will not be excess insulin production.
169320
I think he was talking about technologies where they can grow human parts on rats and such using stem cells...like grow ears and human skin on host animals that can be harvested for transplants and such.  Not sure how this is too different from doing transplants with pig hearts and such....
57951
First of all you must understan that there are 2 types of diabetes.\n   Type one: The body does not produce any insulin. The most hopeful cure is islet cell transplants. This is done by injecting islet cells from a cadaver into the pancreas of the individual with type 1 diabetes. The process needs cells from about 10 cadavers and now is about 70-80% effective for eliminating the need to use insulin.\n   Type 2 diabetes has a few causes. The body does not produce enough insulin or the body does not use insulin effectivley. There is some medication and insulin available to control this.\n   Either one of these can develop from a family history or by living a certain lifestyle. The best way to control, delay and or prevent this is from proper dietary habits. Portion control,eating healthy foods and exercise are still the best options.
510061
In 2005 a 61 year old type 1 diabetic from uk was cured by having an islet cell transplant.  Healthy islet cells are taken from pancreases from dead or living donors and injected into the patients liver, they then develop their own blood supply and begin to produce insulin.
135029
Genetic Engineering can be used in the production of microbial strains that can synthesise insulin - the protein pancreatic hormone, commonly whose deficient production is the reason for Diabetes. Thus commercial availability of this hormone is made possible. Insulin injections have proved to be a life saver for millions of diabetics worldwide. \n\nFor example, a genetically engineered (transgenic) strain of Escherichia coli (the colon bacterium) is used now for insulin mass production.
502759
Insulin secreted by the beta cells of the pancreas controls the blood glucose levels by stimulating body cells to increase the uptake and utilization of glucose; enhancing the formation of glycogen from glucose and by stimulating fat synthesis in liver. \n\nWhere as the other hormone GLUCAGON (secreted by the alpha cells of the pancreas) increases the blood glucose level when the level goes below normal. This is done by accelerating the breakdown of glycogen to glucose and by increasing the breakdown of fats to fatty acids and glycerol(this can be used as a source of energy instead of glucose).
253459
Yes...they say eventually with a single cell, you could produce the world's annual meat supply. And you could do it in a way that's better for the environment and human health. Considering all the  diseases spread by animals ( asian brd flu, mad cow disease, ect. ) it doesn't sound like such a bad idea.  They still have a long way to go though...so far what they have gotten has turned out like mush...and even after they get something that turns out right it will be a long time before the US Food and Drug People get through with all their approval testing were anything can be placed on the market.