what is hydrolysis synthesis?
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If you look at the two words, Hydrolysis (to break with water) and synthesis(to make) you can think of it as making two smaller molecules from a bigger molecule by breaking the bigger molecue in half using water.
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1. synthesis\n2. single replacement\n3. decomposition\n4. single replacement
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Hydrochloride\n\nFrom our old friend the Wikipedia:\n\nConverting otherwise insoluble amines into their hydrochlorides is a common way to make them water and acid-soluble. This is particularly desirable for substances used in medications. Many pharmaceutical substances used are prepared as hydrochlorides so that they may be quickly absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract.
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It is a nucleophilic substitution reaction, where the nucleophile -OH from KOH replaces -Cl from 1-chlorobutane; this forms KCl and 1-butanol as products.\n\nKOH + CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2Cl ---> KCl + CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2OH
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understanding the reaction meachanism \neffect of catalysts etc....\ndetermining the amounts needed
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Synthesizing compounds  particularly naturally occuring ones through chemical reactions in the lab or industry.
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HNO3 is synthesized from ammonia.\n\n4NH3 + 5O2 -> 4NO + 6H2O\n \nthen:\n\n2NO + O2 -> NO2\n and then NO2 is dissolved in water:\n(the prevailing reaction is:) \n3NO2 + H2O -> 2HNO3 + NO\n\nNO is recycled back to teh previous stage.\n\nThose reactions are oversimplified, while in actuality, there're many other side and intermediary reactions
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Which hydrazone you want will determine how you synthesize it.
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There are many different ways of proving a chemical mechanism.  The methods can be different depending on how fast the reaction is, and the conditions of the reaction.\n\nI personally have used deuterium labelling studies.  This is where you prepare your substrate with a deuterium label in place of an hydrogen.  This product undergoes the chemical reaction and you identify in your product which hydrogen in your product has been replaced with a deuterium.  This then tells you how atoms are interacting.  You may need more than one experiment.  You can use 13C, 19F, 31P labelling etc also if necessary.  The trans-elimination of water from an alcohol to give and alkene was further proven using these techniques.\n\nOther methods are to use Mass Spectrometry to obtain the MS data on your intermediates.  By using accurate mass analysis you can determine the molecular formula of your intermediates and the postulate structures, based on experience.  This has been used for example to demonstrate some palladium coupling mechanisms, and proving that the oxidative addition process takes place.\n\nOther methods use NMR (nuclear agnetic resonance) data.  This is where you look at the environment for all H atoms in your molecule.  If your intermediates are stable enough you can see the environments change as the reaction progresses and from experience with NMR interpretation you can make postulates as to what the intermediates and hence mechanisms are.\n\nIn some cases the nature of the conditions you use for the reaction to be successful are enough of an indication as to what mechanism is going on.  \n\nBefore trying to prove a mechanism though you need some information.  You must know what your starting materials are, and you need to know what your product is.  So correct identification of the product is crucial.  NMR/MS/HPLC-MS/X-ray etc are all used to accomplish this, although you wouldn't need to use all the techniques for every molecule.\nYou must also have created a postulate of what the mechanism is that you are going to prove or disprove.  If you don't then you don't know where to look and which technique to use most effectively.\n\nI hope this helps.
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In chemistry, bond dissociation is a process in which a specific bond is cleaved by homolysis. Bond dissociation is an endothermic process, and energy that is necessary to the process is called bond dissociation energy. Note that following dissociation, if new bonds are formed at lower enthalpy, then there is a net loss of energy, and thus an overall exothermic process.
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Ethanol is converted to butadiene, hydrogen, and water at 400–450 °C over a metal oxide catalyst:\n\n    2 CH3CH2OH -> CH2=CH-CH=CH2 + 2 H2O + H2
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Simply find an alkyl group and attach a hydroxide ion.
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Polysaccharides are made up of monosaccharides, so naturally their hydrolysis would give monosaccharides i.e. simple sugars
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Hydrolysis of an unsaturated fatty acid would cause saturation. Products would be saturated fatty acid and oxygen
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Glycogenesis is the condensation of glucose molecules into glycogen\n\nGlycogenolysis is the process of hydrolysing stored glycogen back into glucose
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H2, or hydrogen gas.\n\nFor example, take magnesium metal and hydrochloric acid.\n\nMg + 2HCl -> H2 + MgCl2\n\nThis is a displacement reaction, in which a free element (Mg) breaks the bond between a compound (HCl) and then bonds to the ion with the opposite charge (Cl-) forming a new compound (MgCl2).  The ion left over (H+) loses its charge and becomes a pure element (H2).
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hydrolyze means to breakdown molecules using water, catalyze means to increase the rate of reaction so that it occurs at a lower activation energy, ie enzymes can catalyze a reaction