What exactly are you doing when you are "calibrating" a measuring instrument?
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Suppose you are using an instrument to measure say voltage. The instrument is a voltmeter. Now, you need to be sure that if you apply a 1 volt input, you get a 1 volt output. IF your instrument does not give you an output of 1 Volt, then you need to 'calibrate' it. In other words, you must adjust certain settings of the instrument so that 1 volt input gives you 1 volt output. The same also applies to other kinds of measuring instruments
944234
Machinests use various tools to measure accurately to .0001 or 1 ten thousandth of an inch. Typical measuring devices are: scale, micrometer, dial calipers, gage blocks, gage pins, indicators as well as electronic micrometers, dial calipers and CMM (coordinate measuring machine). Typical measurments are 1" or 1.000, 1/4" or .250, 1/64" or .0156. Most measurments are carried to three or four decimal places. So half inch 1/2 in a machinest measurement would be .500.
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You're right, spectroscopy is the proper method...Below you'll find a link to a quick and simple explanation.
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What??? Please explain what you're actually doing?  It is not very clear.
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Measure them with an accurate measuring device.
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Don’t confuse Accuracy, Resolution with Sensitivity. \n\nAccuracy \n\nAccuracy describes the amount of uncertainty that exists in a measurement with respect to the relevant absolute standard. It can be defined in several different ways and is dependent on the specification philosophy of the supplier as well as product design.\n\nResolution \n\nIn relative amounts, resolution describes the degree to which a change can be detected. It is expressed as a fraction of an amount to which you can easily relate. For example, printer manufacturers often describe resolution as dots per inch, which is easier to relate to than dots per page.\n\nSensitivity \n\nSensitivity is an absolute quantity; resolution is a relative quantity. Sensitivity describes the smallest absolute amount of change that can be detected by a measurement, often expressed in terms of millivolts, microhms, or tenths of a degree.\nSensitivity should not be confused with accuracy—they are entirely different parameters. For example, a device specified with 1-mV sensitivity may only be accurate to 10 mV with an applied input of 10 V. Yet if the 10-V input signal changed by 1 mV, the device still could observe the difference. Sensitivity sometimes can be improved by averaging. \n\nhttp://www.evaluationengineering.com/archive/articles/1298pct.htm\n\nAccuracy is usually determined at 4 points 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% of full scale. This is accomplished by:\n \n1.Placing the dial indicator in a stand.\n2.Place the stand on a clean surface plate.\n3.Select a gage block of any size.\n4.Preload the indicator a few divisions (insure the lever is horizontal to the plate).\n5.Spin the dial until the DI reads zero. \n6.Place another gage block (or wrung gage blocks) under the lever that’s 25% of full scale. DI should read desired value +/-1 div..\n7. Repeat at 50%, 75% and 100% of full scale.\n\nSensitivity is the smallest value that an instrument can measure. What makes this confusing on a dial indicator is it is generally also +/-1 division but the method to measure it is different. \n\nAfter step 6 perform the following:\n\n8.Remove the 25% gage block.\n9.Select a gage block 1 division from the 25% block. (Normally 0.001”) \n10.Place the block under the DI and verify it reads +/-1 div.\n11.Repeat at 50%, 75% and 100% of full scale.\n\nWe use a lot of GIDEP calibration procedures. They’re military manuals available to the public because well; we paid for them with our tax money. It’s worth it’s weight in gold.\n\nhttp://www.gidep.org/\n\nWhat is GIDEP?\n\nGIDEP (Government-Industry Data Exchange Program) is a cooperative activity between government and industry participants seeking to reduce or eliminate expenditures of resources by sharing technical information essential during research, design, development, production and operational phases of the life cycle of systems, facilities and equipment.
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Drop one onto the kitchen scales & see. Always clean the scale well after use. You have to be hygenic. ;o)
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well make sure that you take in to account anything that might be holding what you are weighting for example say u are weighing water the water is being held in say a beaker....you have to subtract the weight of the beaker from the weight of the water to get just the weight of the water also be sure about that fact that when nothing is on it that it lines up to zero (because nothing is on it.)
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plead not guilty. the burden of proof will then be on the state to prove that the device was properly calibrated. that is extremely hard to do. but if you were speeding pay the fine and forget about it.
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If you are measuring something with a round cross section, make sure that the axis of the object is perpendicular to the caliper. This is necessary to ensure that you are measuring the full diameter and not merely a chord.
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In the instrumentation field of engineering, the 'calibration factor' means the ratio of 'measured value' to the 'real/calibrated value'. For example, if a test weight of 1Kg is weighed 1.050Kg by a digital scale, then the calibration factor is 1.05/1=105% which means every measured value should be divided by 1.05. However, 'calibration factor' is only valid if the response of the measuring device is linear (or almost linear or limitedly linear) so that within its linear range you can use the formula above. In fact, there are 'calibration curve(s)' instead of a constant coefficient. These curves normally are compiled as tables for each range of measurement.\nAs the 'rheostat' is in concern, which is a variable electric resistance, the calibration factor is translated as the ratio of the read value from the screen of rheostat to its real ohmic resistance value (which might be measured by a precise ohm-meter) and again this coefficient varies from one end of rheostat handle to the other. It's indeed the factor of conversion of the value read from a linear slider into relevant ohmic resistance, altogether with the tolerances exist .
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Recipe at:\nhttp://www.gisbornesc.vic.edu.au/home/jans/year9/polsh.htm\n\nYou'll have to convert the metric measurements into American by using your own brain or http://www.onlineconversion.com\n\nThere's a very basic method at this site, that doesn't involve chemicals, etc.\nhttp://ri.essortment.com/cleanandleath_rjmd.htm
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The question is:  What should I set on the sub-scale of my altimeter so that the instrument would indicate my elevation if I were on the ground at your station?\n\nANSWER:  QNH
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What equipment?\nWhat experiment?\nWhat error?
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You could try to make an accurate experimental thermometer by glueing two strips of dissimilar metals together along their lengths. Perhaps try copper and steel or copper and aluminum or steel and aluminum.  Try perhaps one half inch wide by six inch long strips.  Use sheets of metal that are equally thin.  Perhaps cut the strips from aluminum soda cans and steel soup cans, etc.  Use a magnet to check for steel vs aluminum.  Glue the strips together using epoxy or super glue.  Attach one end of the combined strip to a firm base and leave one end free to move in front of a paper scale.  You now have a bimetalic thermometer.  The thermometer can be made to be more sensitive by using greater length strips and bending the strips into a spiral and attaching a pointer to the free end of the spiral to amplify movement.  This is how most oven thermometers are built except the metals are joined without glue.  The principal of operation of a bimetalic thermometer is that one  metal expands or contracts more or less than another metal.  When joined, a temperature change causes the combined strip to bend.  You can calibrate your thermometer by marking its "pointer" position at two or more large temperature changes then calculating the total deflection divided by the total temperature difference to get deflection per degree (either F or C).  Be careful with tin snips and epoxy or super glue.  Good luck.\n\nAs an alternative, you can make a highly accurate experimental thermometer by winding very thin insulated copper wire (like that used in toy motors) around a wooden spool and connecting the scraped   wire ends to an accurate ohmmeter to measure resistance change vs temperature change.  Calibrate as before but remember that calibration temperatures must be steady long enough for any lag to catch up.  This is called a resitance thermometer and accuracy will depend on the length and thinness of wire and sensitivity of your ohmmeter.  Also the ohmmeter should not cause enough current to flow in the wire to heat the wire.  Observe for drift (increase in resistance and temperature) while taking measurements.
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Nice question, most people unless they are weather buffs or cigar afficianados don't know about hygrometers.\n\nHygrometers measure relative humidity, or how damp or dry the air is.\n\nThere are digital and analog hygrometers.\n\nCalibration (adjusting for accuracy) of both is difficult for various reasons. To calibrate a hygrometer means you need an  accurate reference which provides accurate relative humidities over a range of air temperatures and pressures. It is not enough to calibrate a hygrometer at  just one point. \n\nMost analog (dial) hygrometers only allow you to set one point by twiddling the fixed dial until the needle is pointing to the current moisture level.\n\nMost inexpensive digital hygrometers do not have calibration controls. The next price level up only allow you to set offset and scale - this is so-called "linear calibration" and it is not much better really.\n\nDepending on what you are measuring, one of the easiest ways to make your own accurate hygrometer is  with two accurate but inexpensive lab thermometers. See the link on how to make a wet bulb hygrometer.\n\nCheap hygrometers are easy to find on auction sites like ebay or yahoo, and using Googles Froogle search.
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All meters are allowed to have a margin of error, so whether it is something to be conscerned with deopends on how different it is.\n\nI assume the lab value was taken with blood from a vein and the meter reading was taken from a finger stick.  Because of this, the vein reading will reflect changes in blood sugar more quickly.\n\nYou also need to consider how the finger that was pricked was cleaned first- if it was dirty, it can read higher, if it was cleaned with alcohol and still wet, it can read higher, if it was cleaned with soap and water and was still wet, it will read lower.\n\nWas your meter calibrated correctly, either with a code chip or by punching the code in?\n\nFinally, it depends on the meter.  Labs read "plasma values" of glucose results.  Some meters read "whole blood" results.  The whole blood result will be lower, so call your meter company to find out which your meter uses.