What is the body covering of a coelacanth?
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Coelacanths (genus Latimeria) are sarcopterygian fishes, and as such their body is covered by cosmoid scales; these are rather thick, with a layer of cosmine (a type of dentine) and layers of spongy and laminar bone underneath. Morphologically speaking these scales are _cycloid_ (they have concentric grooves).
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The hard, rigid outer covering of certain animals is called a shell. While many animals, particularly those that live in the sea, produce exoskeletons, usually only those of mollusks are considered to be shells. It is sometimes erroneously claimed that shells are made of chitin, but these are unrelated materials (except for their hardness and use as a covering by animals).\n\nThe shell is usually made of nacre, an organic mixture of outer layers of horny conchiolin (a scleroprotein), followed by an intermediate layer of calcite oraragonite, and then a layer of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) in the form of platy crystals.\n\nNacre is secreted by the epithelial cells (formed by the germ layer ectoderm) of the mantle tissue of certain species of mollusk. Mollusk blood is rich in a liquid form of calcium. In these mollusks the calcium is concentrated out from the blood where it can crystallize as calcium carbonate. The individual crystals of each layer differ in shape and orientation. Nacre is continually deposited onto the inner surface of the animal's shell (the iridescent nacreous layer also known as mother of pearl), both as a means to smoothen the shell itself and as a defense against parasitic organisms and damaging detritus.\n\n \nVarious seashellsWhen a mollusk is invaded by a parasite or is irritated by a foreign object that the animal cannot eject, a process known as encystation entombs the offending entity in successive, concentric layers of nacre. This process eventually forms what we call pearls and continues for as long as the mollusk lives.\n\nShells are very durable and outlast the otherwise soft-bodied animals that produce them by a very long time. Large amounts of shells may form sediment and become compressed into limestone. Shells that wash up on beaches are called seashells, and are collected by some enthusiasts
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In contrast to most mammals, humans do not have an all-embracing intense hair on their body. Several theories have been advanced to explain the bareness of human body hair. One suggests that nature selected humans for shorter and thinner body hair as part of a set of adaptations including bipedal locomotion and an upright posture. There are several problems with this savanna theory, not least of which is that cursorial hunting is used by (other) animals that do not show any thinning of hair, and that hair similar to chimpanzees and gorillas also shades the skin from radiant heat and protects it from hot winds, and thus another mechanism for heat loss is not required. Another problem is that bipedal locomotion apparently now predates hominids moving from a forest environment to a savanna environment. A more recent theory for human hair loss has to do with a possible period of bipedal wading in a salt marsh in the Danakil region of Ethiopia, possibly occurring in the hominid lineage between 5 and 7 million years ago. As a wading animal, it was more efficient to develop short body hair and a layer of subcutaneous fat for streamlining and insulation in the aquatic environment; the eccrine sweat glands developed later after the hominids left the water; see Aquatic ape hypothesis. One problem with this theory is that both chimpanzees and gorillas have the same density and distribution of the eccrine glands, but that they have not been developed for sweat production.\n\nA third theory for the thin body hair on humans proposes that Fisherian runaway sexual selection played a role here (as well as in the selection of long head hair). Possibly this occurred in conjunction with neoteny, with the more juvenile appearing females being selected by males as more desirable; see types of hair and vellus hair. The human female body hair typically has more vellus hair (making the skin appear bare), while the male body typically has more terminal hair (especially on the chest, abdomen and back). Thus sexual selection can explain the sexual dimorphism in human body hair, with the results of selection being more evident (more extreme) in the female than in the male, a point which the other two theories cannot address without proposing substantially different behavior between males and females. Also, we see that artificially bare (shaved, etc.) legs, arms, etc. on women are seen as "sexy" even today, while body shaving is not nearly as common for men.
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uhh a caveman. \n\nyou cant really tell under all the fur and stuff.
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Contrary to popular belief, this change of colour is not only an adaptation to the surroundings but also an expression of the physical and physiological condition of the lizard. The skin colour is changed under influence of mood, light and temperature. The skin colour also plays an important part in communication and rivalry fights.\nChameleons have specialised cells that lie in two layers under the chameleon's transparent outer skin. The cells in the upper layer, which are called chromatophores, contain yellow and red pigments. Below these chromatophores is another cell layer. Cells of this layer are called guanophores and they contain the colourless crystaline substance guanin. These guanophores reflect amongst others the blue part of incident light. If the upper layer of chromatophores is yellow, the reflected light becomes green (blue plus yellow). A layer of dark melanin containing melanophores is situated even deeper under these blue and white light reflecting guanophores. These melanophores influence the lightness of the reflected light. All these different pigment cells can relocate their pigments, thereby influencing the colour of light which is reflected.
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outer three coverings are renal fascia(outermost fibrous membrane), adipose capsule(middle fatty layer which absorbs shock), renal capsule(inner fibrous layer).\nlearn it as F.A.C and F is farthermost and C as closest(and pronunce as f**k)
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Well, they have to be camouflaged for swimming in the sea.  Look at most deep - water fish (not the show - off types, that live around coral reefs), for example.  They tend to have dark colours on the side that faces up, while they swim, and pale on the other side.\n\nThis hides them from predators from above and below, better than other colour schemes.  From above, they seem dark, like the deep sea.  They must not shine, reflecting back sunlight more than deep water will.  From below, they are pale against the brighter background of the sunshine coming down through the water; they do not give as much of a shadow as if they were dark on their underside.\n\nOn land, especially in a snowy landscape, they do not seem camouflaged, but think of them as fish, and it makes more sense.\n\nBTW, Anthony, you have polar bears and seals, at the north pole / Arctic circle.  We have penguins and seals in the Southern Ocean, and Antarctica.  We have penguins in Australia too; they are a tourist attraction, where they are able to be viewed; they have become familiar with humans.
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axolotl they are salamanders that have these weird looking gills and live under water.  Also they are somewhat transparent
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Hi. The only reference to the mahi mahi (genus Coryphaena) skeleton that I could find is the following:\n\nPotthoff, T. (1980). Development and structure of the fins and fin supports of the dolphin fishes Coryphaena hippurus and C. equiselis (Coryphaenidae). Fishery Bulletin US 78, 277–312.\n\nUnfortunately I don't have this publication, but you might be able to find it at a scientific library.
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A caul (Latin: Caput galeatum, literally, "head helmet") is a thin, filmy membrane, the remnants of the amniotic sac, that covers or partly covers the newborn mammal immediately after birth. It is also the membrane enclosing the paunch of mammals, particularly as in pork and mutton butchery. In butchery, the caul is used as offal. A third meaning refers to a type of women's headdress.
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Caddisfly larvae, a variety of insect in the order Trichoptera, construct an outer casing made of silk and pebbles.  They will wear this until they reach adulthood.  You could say the same for a cocoon on a moth or butterfly pupa, a shell on a clam, or the outer casing on a barnacle or tube worm, but these are all constructed strictly from secretions made by the body.  Caddisflies are the only things I can think of that actually construct an outer layer with the tools at hand (plus bodily secretions).  Hermit crabs will find a shell of a gastropod to live in until they grow out of it and need a new one.
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It seems to be a species of aquatic salamander.
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GO TO:\nhttp://aquarium.ucsd.edu/challenger/index.cfm
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People with gills look like fish.
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Definately a white body with black stripes.  You can clearly see that if you look close :)\n\nAs to why they have stripes...
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Arthropods (phylum Arthropoda) (Greek for jointed feet) are the largest phylum of animals and include the insects, arachnids, crustaceans, and others. Approximately eighty percent of extant animal species are arthropods, with over a million modern species described and a fossil record reaching back to the early Cambrian. Arthropods are common throughout marine, freshwater, terrestrial, and even aerial environments, as well as including various symbiotic and parasitic forms. They range in size from microscopic plankton (~0.25 mm) up to forms several metres long.\n\nArthropods are characterised by the possession of a segmented body with appendages on each segment. They have a dorsal heart and a ventral nervous system. All arthropods are covered by a hard exoskeleton that is made out of chitin, a polysaccharide. Periodically, an arthropod sheds this covering when it moults. This covering makes arthropods less prone to dehydration.\n\nThe success of the arthropods is related to their hard exoskeleton, segmentation, and jointed appendages. The appendages are used for feeding, sensory reception, defence, and locomotion.\n\nMost arthropods respire (breathe) through a tracheal system (exceptions are Pauropoda, some thysanurans and some arachnids like many mites); a potential difficulty considering that the skeletal structure is external and covers nearly all of the body. Aquatic arthropods use gills to exchange gases. These gills have an extensive surface area in contact with the surrounding water. Terrestrial arthropods have internal surfaces that are specialised for gas exchange. Insects have tracheal systems: air sacs leading into the body from pores, called spiracles, in the epidermis cuticle.\n\nArthropods have an open circulatory system. Haemolymph, a copper-based blood analogue, is propelled by a series of hearts into the body cavity where it comes in direct contact with the tissues. Arthropods are protostomes. There is a coelom, but it is reduced to a tiny cavity around the reproductive and excretory organs, and the dominant body cavity is a haemocoel, filled with haemolymph which bathes the organs directly. The arthropod body is divided into a series of distinct segments, plus a presegmental acron which usually supports compound and simple eyes and a postsegmental telson. These are grouped into distinct, specialised body regions called tagmata. Each segment at least primitively supports a pair of appendages.\n\nThe cuticle in arthropods forms a rigid exoskeleton, composed mainly of chitin, which is periodically shed as the animal grows. They contain an inner zone (procuticle) which is made of protein and chitin (a polysaccharide) and is responsible for the strength of the exoskeleton. The outer zone (epicuticle) lies on the surface of the procuticle. It is nonchitinous and is a complex of proteins and lipids. It provides the moisture proofing and protection to the procuticle. The exoskeleton takes the form of plates called sclerites on the segments, plus rings on the appendages that divide them into segments separated by joints. This is in fact what gives arthropods their name — jointed feet — and separates them from their relatives, the Onychophora and Tardigrada, also called Lobopoda (and which is sometimes included in a group called Panarthropoda, that also includes true arthropods). The skeletons of arthropods strengthen them against attack by predators and are impermeable to water. In order to grow, an arthropod must shed its old exoskeleton and secrete a new one. This process, moulting, is expensive in terms of energy consumption, and during the moulting period, an arthropod is vulnerable.\n[edit]\n\nClassification of arthropods\n \nCommon Blue Damselfly (Enallagama cyathigerum), an insect\n\nArthropods are typically classified into five subphyla:\nTrilobites are a group of formerly numerous marine animals that died in the mass extinction at the end of the Permian.\nChelicerates include spiders, mites, scorpions and
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Reptiles breath through thier skin.