who is most at risk from air pollution?
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['People with lung diseases, such as asthma, chronic bronchitis, emphysema, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.', 'Infants and young children.', 'People who work or exercise outdoors.', 'Adults over 65.', 'People with a cardiovascular disease.']
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Two major environmental challenges faced by society:- Air pollution and climate change.
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['People 50 years or older.', 'Current or former smokers.', 'People with a chronic lung disease (like chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or emphysema)', 'People with weak immune systems or who take drugs that weaken the immune system (like after a transplant operation or chemotherapy)']
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In its evaluation, the IARC concluded that outdoor air pollution causes lung cancer and is also linked to an increased risk for bladder cancer. The IARC has previously classified many components of outdoor air pollution as carcinogens, including diesel engine exhaust, solvents, metals, and dust.
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The environment directly affects health status and plays a major role in quality of life, years of healthy life lived, and health disparities. Poor air quality is linked to premature death, cancer, and long-term damage to respiratory and cardiovascular systems.
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Six cities of Odisha are among the 102 most polluted in India. ... According to a report of the Odisha State Pollution Control Board, Bhubaneswar is recording an alarming level of suspended particulate matter (SPM) in air. It leads to serious aggravation of heart and lung diseases and increases the risk of premature death.
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['Industry. Industries are a major contributor to air pollution. ... ', 'Vehicle Emissions. Source. ... ', 'Household and Farming Chemicals. ... ', 'Deforestation. ... ', 'Smoking.']
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['Age. ... ', 'Gender. ... ', 'Home and work exposures. ... ', 'Family history. ... ', 'Exposure to infections, viruses, and allergens. ... ', 'Electromagnetic fields. ... ', 'Race and ethnicity. ... ', 'Ionizing radiation.']
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Animals, or wildlife, are vulnerable to harm from air pollution. Pollutant issues of concern include acid rain, heavy metals, persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and other toxic substances. Insects, worms, clams, fish, birds and mammals, all interact with their environment in different ways.
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An air quality alert like this informs the public about pollution levels in the air and advises vulnerable groups—such as the elderly, children, and people with lung disease—to take precautions. What air quality alerts tell us.
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Kerala's most-polluted cities are Kochi and Thiruvananthapuram and air pollution is increasing steadily in the state with the average PM 10 (particulate matter 10 micrometers or less in diameter) levels touching the permissible limit of 60 microns on most days a month.
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['Carbon Dioxide.', 'Carbon Monoxide.', 'Sulfur Dioxide.', 'Nitrogen Oxides.', 'Lead.', 'Particulate Matter.']
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In terms of PM 2.5 pollution — a measure of ultra-fine particulate matter in the air — the country with the world's cleanest air is New Zealand, while the US ranks seventh on that list.
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An estimated 4.2 million premature deaths globally are linked to ambient air pollution, mainly from heart disease, stroke, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, lung cancer, and acute respiratory infections in children. Worldwide ambient air pollution accounts for: 29% of all deaths and disease from lung cancer.
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Passenger vehicles are a major pollution contributor, producing significant amounts of nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, and other pollution. In 2013, transportation contributed more than half of the carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides, and almost a quarter of the hydrocarbons emitted into our air.
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KEY MESSAGES Many risk factors for chronic respiratory diseases have been identified and can be prevented. Major risk factors include: tobacco smoke second hand tobacco smoke other indoor air pollutants outdoor air pollutants allergens occupational agents.
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The biggest health threat from smoke is from fine particles. These microscopic particles can penetrate deep into your lungs. They can cause a range of health problems, from burning eyes and a runny nose to aggravated chronic heart and lung diseases. Exposure to particle pollution is even linked to premature death.