how do cfcs affect the ozone layer?
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Once in the atmosphere, CFCs drift slowly upward to the stratosphere, where they are broken up by ultraviolet radiation, releasing chlorine atoms, which are able to destroy ozone molecules. ... When sunlight returns in the spring, the chlorine begins to destroy ozone.
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"In general, there are two main mechanisms that remove compounds in the atmosphere: deposition and reaction. ... Atmospheric researchers have determined the rates at which several CFCs react with hydroxyl radicals; the lifetimes for these CFCs with respect to hydroxyl radicals is approximately 80 years.
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Because they damage the earth's ozone layer, CFCs have been banned since 1996. Before CFCs products were banned, they were used in aerosols, refrigerators, air conditioners, foam food packaging, and fire extinguishers. ... CFCs are also greenhouse gases that affects the environment by contributing to global warming.
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For those halocarbons that contain chlorine and bromine, indirect effects on temperature via ozone layer depletion represent another way in which these gases affect climate. Further, halocarbons can also affect the temperature in the stratosphere.
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CFCs are halocarbons that contain only the elements carbon, chlorine, and fluorine. The most common CFCs are small molecules containing only one or two carbon atoms. ... CFCs are now recognized as harmful chemicals because of their ozone-depleting properties.
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Human activities cause the emission of halogen source gases that contain chlorine and bromine atoms. These emissions into the atmosphere ultimately lead to stratospheric ozone depletion. The source gases that con- tain only carbon, chlorine, and fluorine are called “chlo- rofluorocarbons,” usually abbreviated as CFCs.
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By increasing carbon dioxide. ... But in higher, thinner layers of the atmosphere, the increased carbon dioxide has a cooling effect by improving these layers' ability to emit heat radiation into the void of space. In the stratosphere, heat is transferred between molecules mostly by radiation or conduction.
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Climate change is concerned with how carbon dioxide, methane, and other greenhouse gases are altering the global climate system. Ozone depletion, on the other hand, involves how certain industrially produced chemicals containing chlorine or bromine are damaging the earth's protective stratospheric ozone layer.
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CFCs deplete ozone because they can bind to oxygen molecules in several chemical reactions, breaking ozone down into regular oxygen molecules.
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When people used air conditioning units and refrigerators, CFCs were released into the atmosphere. In 1974, two California scientists suggested that CFCs released excess chlorine into the environment that was rising into the stratosphere and bonding with the trioxygen molecules.
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The ozone hole itself has a minor cooling effect (about 2 percent of the warming effect of greenhouses gases) because ozone in the stratosphere absorbs heat radiated to space by gases in a lower layer of Earth's atmosphere (the upper troposphere).
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CFCs (stand for Chlorofluorocarbon ) are chemically very stable because they contain no Hydrogen. ... They don't contain a single Hydrogen and are the biggest contributors of ozone layer depletion. They are damaging the stratospheric ozone layer.
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Chlorofluorocarbons, also known as CFCs, consist of chemical compounds made up of chlorine, fluorine and carbon. CFCs are particularly harmful when released into the atmosphere because of their destructive reaction with O-zone particles, which provide the Earth with a protective layer against UV radiation.
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Daily temperatures, relative humidity, and wind speed can affect ozone levels. In general, warm dry weather is more conducive to ozone formation than cool wet weather. Wind can affect both the location and concentration of ozone pollution.
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CFCs are chemically very stable; they: do not dissolve or breakdown in water (so they are not removed by rain). Because of this chemical stability, CFCs are able to reach the stratosphere.
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It absorbs solar ultraviolet radiation, which heats the stratosphere. It also absorbs infrared radiation emitted by the Earth's surface, effectively trapping heat in the troposphere. Therefore, the climate impact of changes in ozone concentrations varies with the altitude at which these ozone changes occur.
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Because they contain hydrogen, HCFCs break down more easily in the atmosphere than do CFCs. Therefore, HCFCs have less ozone depletion potential, in addition to less global-warming potential. HFCs do not contain chlorine and do not contribute to destruction of stratospheric ozone.