how does glucose break down?
538248
During glycolysis, glucose is broken down in ten steps to two molecules of pyruvate, which then enters the mitochondria where it is oxidised through the tricarboxylic acid cycle to carbon dioxide and water. Glycolysis can be split into two phases, both of which occur in the cytosol.
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['amylase and other carbohydrase enzymes break down starch into sugar.', 'protease enzymes break down proteins into amino acids.', 'lipase enzymes break down lipids (fats and oils) into fatty acids and glycerol.']
246077
Lactase functions at the brush border to break down lactose into smaller sugars called glucose and galactose for absorption.
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['Proteases: Break down protein into small peptides and amino acids.', 'Lipases: Break down fat into three fatty acids plus a glycerol molecule.', 'Amylases: Break down carbs like starch into simple sugars.']
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Lipases are released into the bloodstream and break down fats in the bloodstream (from the fats and oils we eat) or travel to adipose cells. Lipases break the glycerol head away from the fatty acids. Glycerol is converted to an intermediate in glycolysis called "PGAL", and enters cellular respiration in the cytoplasm.
313480
A glucose molecule is completely broken down to carbon dioxide and water in glycolysis and the citric acid cycle, but together these two processes yield only a few molecules of ATP. ... The electrons obtained from the oxidation of glucose are temporarily stored in NADH and FADH2.
1001452
Glucose reacts with molecular oxygen to produce carbon dioxide and water. The carbon atoms in glucose are oxidized. That is, they lose electron and go to a higher oxidation state. The oxygen atoms in molecular oxygen are reduced.
1061455
Glycolysis is the breakdown of glucose and involves a 10 step enzymatic process Its primary function is to fuel the body. Glucose is a simple sugar, and in food, it is commonly bound to another sugar. ... When glucose is broken down, it becomes the compound pyruvate, and it releases free hydrogen.
860942
Glycolysis breaks down glucose in the cytoplasm before cellular respiration occurs in the mitochondria. ... The products of glycolysis are broken down by the Krebs cycle to make energy-carrying molecules and CO2. 2. The energy from the Krebs cycle is used to drive the electron transport chain to make ATP.
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['amylase — breaks apart complex sugars into smaller molecules like maltose.', 'lipase — breaks down complex fats into smaller fatty acids and glycerol.', 'pepsin — breaks down proteins in foods like meat, eggs, and dairy products into smaller peptides.']
741419
['lipase, which breaks down fats.', 'amylase, which breaks down carbohydrates.', 'proteases and peptidases, which break down proteins.']
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Glucagon works to counterbalance the actions of insulin. About four to six hours after you eat, the glucose levels in your blood decrease, triggering your pancreas to produce glucagon. This hormone signals your liver and muscle cells to change the stored glycogen back into glucose.
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This process is called cellular respiration. During cellular respiration the cell uses oxygen to break down sugar.
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This rise in glucose triggers your pancreas to release insulin into the bloodstream. Insulin travels through the blood to your body's cells. It tells the cells to open up and let the glucose in. Once inside, the cells convert glucose into energy or store it to use later.
38794
The enzyme responsible for breaking down maltose in the small intestine is maltase. It is one of three enzymes that break down dextrin and maltose...
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Normally when a person eats something containing lactose, an enzyme in the small intestine called lactase breaks it down into simpler sugar forms called glucose and galactose. These simple sugars are then easily absorbed into the bloodstream and turned into energy — fuel for our bodies.
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Insulin helps the cells absorb glucose, reducing blood sugar and providing the cells with glucose for energy. When blood sugar levels are too low, the pancreas releases glucagon. Glucagon instructs the liver to release stored glucose, which causes blood sugar to rise.