what is the difference between central and peripheral chemoreceptors?
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central chemoreceptors: Located within the medulla, they are sensitive to the pH of their environment. peripheral chemoreceptors: The aoritic and carotid bodies, which act principally to detect variation of the oxygen concentration in the arterial blood, also monitor arterial carbon dioxide and pH.
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The Central Nervous System is the integration and command center of the body. It consists of the brain, spinal cord and the retinas of the eyes. The Peripheral Nervous System consists of sensory neurons, ganglia (clusters of neurons) and nerves that connect the central nervous system to arms, hands, legs and feet.
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The sensory or afferent division of the PNS includes nerves that have a sensory function and carry impulses to the CNS for integration. These are typically receptors that detect stimuli both from within the body (interoceptors) and outside the body (exteroceptors).
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The peripheral nervous system includes all the nerves in the body that lie outside of the spinal cord and the brain. These nerves carry information to and from the central nervous system to provide complex body functions. Sensory cells are involved in taking information from the periphery to the central nervous system.
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The medulla oblongata is the primary respiratory control center. Its main function is to send signals to the muscles that control respiration to cause breathing to occur.
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Chemoreceptors are sensitive to arterial levels of oxygen, carbon dioxide (CO2), and pH, and are located in the same region as the arterial baroreceptors, in the carotid and aortic bodies and travel to the CNS via the same nerve bundles as the arterial baroreceptors.
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These nerves extend from the central nervous system to the outermost areas of the body. The peripheral system allows the brain and spinal cord to receive and send information to other areas of the body, which allows us to react to stimuli in our environment.
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Mechanoreceptors detect stimuli such as touch, pressure, vibration, and sound from the external and internal environments. They contain primary sensory neurons that respond to changes in mechanical displacement, usually in a localized region at the tip of a sensory dendrite.
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Chemoreceptors are found in two major anatomical locations. They are? Located in large arteries, specifically, at the aortic body and carotid body.
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Baroreceptors (or archaically, pressoreceptors) are sensors located in the carotid sinus (at the bifurcation of external and internal carotids) and in the aortic arch. They sense the blood pressure and relay the information to the brain, so that a proper blood pressure can be maintained.
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Exteroceptors are the afferent nerve endings that sense stimuli originating from outside of the body, such as pain, touch, vibration, temperature, and sound. One type of exteroceptors are known as mechanoreceptors, which are receptors that respond to external mechanical stimuli such as touch, pressure, and vibration.
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The Central Nervous System (CNS) includes all of the nerves of the Brain and Spinal Cord. The Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) includes all of the nerves both sensory and motor connecting the CNS to the muscles, organs, and sensory structures of the body.
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["cutaneous mechanoreceptors. Ruffini's end organ (skin stretch) End-bulbs of Krause (Cold) Meissner's corpuscle (changes in texture, slow vibrations) Pacinian corpuscle (deep pressure, fast vibrations) ... ", 'thermoreceptor.', 'nociceptors.', 'chemoreceptors.']
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The afferent or sensory division transmits impulses from peripheral organs to the CNS. The efferent or motor division transmits impulses from the CNS out to the peripheral organs to cause an effect or action.
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The spinal nerves carry sensory information from the peripheral body parts to the spinal cord. The sensory neurons are located in the dorsal root ganglia. The peripheral fibers of these sensory neurons form the sensory fibers present in the spinal cord.
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Cranial - connects the brain with the periphery or spinal - connects the spinal cord with the periphery. Somatic - connects the skin or muscle with the central nervous system or visceral - connects the internal organs with the central nervous system.
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In a healthy person breathing room air, the difference between arterial PaCO2 and end-tidal PCO2 is small. The size of this difference is a simple index of the amount of alveolar dead space.