who came up with situational theory of publics?
531309
The situational theory of publics was developed by J. E. Grunig in 1968. He theorized that there are specific variables that determine a person's inclusion into one of four publics. These three variables are problem recognition, constraint recognition and level of involvement (Grunig, 1989).
499163
Tragedy of the commons, concept highlighting the conflict between individual and collective rationality. The idea of the tragedy of the commons was made popular by the American ecologist Garrett Hardin, who used the analogy of ranchers grazing their animals on a common field.
1051923
Private reason is any process of thought dedicated to accomplishing some particular given task. Public reason is any process of thought meant to communicate with others in order to decide on public, collective courses of action.
1017042
Baumard's perspective asserts that "opportunity is the mother of innovation," in contrast to the adage ascribing this role to necessity. Drawing on behavioral ecology and cognition, we propose that both extremes - affluence and scarcity - can drive innovation.
1097691
The concept of Theory X and Theory Y was developed by social psychologist Douglas McGregor. It describes two contrasting sets of assumptions that managers make about their people: Theory X – people dislike work, have little ambition, and are unwilling to take responsibility.
480679
The modern subjective theory of value was created by William Stanley Jevons, Léon Walras, and Carl Menger in the late 19th century. The subjective theory contradicted Karl Marx's labor theory which stated an item's value depends on the labour that goes into production and not the ability to satisfy the consumer.
251540
Gordon Allport's Trait Theory Psychologist Gordon Allport was among the firsts to come up with a personality trait theory. He came about with an astounding discovery in 1936, which showed that more than 4000 words in an English language dictionary described personality traits.
526748
The uncertainty reduction theory, also known as initial interaction theory, developed in 1975 by Charles Berger and Richard Calabrese, is a communication theory from the post-positivist tradition.
1367115
The theory is credited to Educational psychologist Jean Piaget. He believed knowledge is something that is actively constructed by learners based on their existing cognitive structures. Piaget disagreed with the behaviorist theory which focuses strictly on observable behavior.
715894
George Herbert Mead, as an advocate of pragmatism and the subjectivity of social reality, is considered a leader in the development of interactionism. Herbert Blumer expanded on Mead's work and coined the term "symbolic interactionism".
1446161
The term deindividuation was coined by the American social psychologist Leon Festinger in the 1950s to describe situations in which people cannot be individuated or isolated from others.
390490
The idea of the social contract goes back at least to Epicurus (Thrasher 2013). In its recognizably modern form, however, the idea is revived by Thomas Hobbes; it was developed in different ways by John Locke, Jean-Jacques Rousseau, and Immanuel Kant.
109782
Believes in Maslow's theory of basic needs (nature) while still focusing on “society's influences [of] a person's self concept (nurture).” Typically believe that people will make themselves out to be something due to society's pressure, but free-will only comes into play after basic needs are fulfilled.
1450531
["Freud's psychosexual stage theory.", "Erikson's psychosocial stage theory.", "Kohlberg's moral understanding stage theory.", "Piaget's cognitive development stage theory.", "Bronfenbrenner's ecological systems theory."]
1377715
Criminal Justice Theories. Cultural Transmission Theory. Deterrence and Rational Choice Theory. Labeling Theory and Symbolic Interaction Theory. Psychological Theories of Crime.
1424370
Main Theorists. John Dewey (1933/1998) is often cited as the philosophical founder of this approach. Bruner (1990) and Piaget (1972) are considered the chief theorists among the cognitive constructivists, while Vygotsky (1978) is the major theorist among the social constructivists.
1043175
In 1945, sociologists Kingsley Davis and Wilbert Moore published the Davis-Moore thesis, which argued that the greater the functional importance of a social role, the greater must be the reward. The theory posits that social stratification represents the inherently unequal value of different work.