what is the basic composition of the lunar maria regions?
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The maria are much less cratered than the highlands, and cover just 17% of the lunar surface, mostly on the side of the Moon that faces Earth (Figure 3b). Today, we know that the maria consist mostly of dark-colored basalt (volcanic lava) laid down in volcanic eruptions billions of years ago.
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The Components of Lunar Regolith Lunar regolith is made up of rock chips, mineral fragments, impact and volcanic glasses and a peculiar component only found on the Moon called “agglutinates” (Figure 1). The ratio of these various components varies widely from one soil to the next (Figure 2).
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The moons of the outer planets consist of a mixture of ice and rock, whereas our Moon is just rock. Compare the geology of Callisto, Ganymede, and Titan. Callisto is an ice-covered moon whose inner materials have never fully differentiated into different-density layers.
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['Corsola (equatorial regions, esp. ... ', 'Heatmor.', 'Panpour.', 'Solrock (North America, South America, Africa)', 'Seviper (North America, South America, Africa)', 'Illumise (North America, South America, Africa)', 'we had Azelf when it was available in May 2019.']
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The lunar soil consists of three basic components: (1) rock fragments, (2) mineral grains and (3) glass particles. The composition of these three basic components varies considerably from one site to another, depending upon the nature of the bedrock.
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The core is made of hot, dense plasma (ions and electrons), at a pressure estimated at 265 billion bar (3.84 trillion psi or 26.5 petapascals (PPa)) at the center. Due to fusion, the composition of the solar plasma drops from 68–70% hydrogen by mass at the outer core, to 34% hydrogen at the core/Sun center.
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The geosphere - this is the part of the planet composed of rock and minerals; it includes the solid crust, the molten mantle and the liquid and solid parts of the earth's core.
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Elemental composition Elements known to be present on the lunar surface include, among others, oxygen (O), silicon (Si), iron (Fe), magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), aluminium (Al), manganese (Mn) and titanium (Ti). Among the more abundant are oxygen, iron and silicon. The oxygen content is estimated at 45% (by weight).
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On 18 August 1976, the Soviet Luna 24 probe landed at Mare Crisium, took samples from the depths of 118, 143, and 184 cm of the lunar regolith, and then took them to Earth. In February 1978, it was published that laboratory analysis of these samples shown they contained 0.1% water by mass.
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The Earth is divided into three chemical layers: the Core [Inner Core (D) and Outer Core (C)], the Mantle (B) and the Crust (A). The Core is predominantly composed of iron and nickel.
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They are the oldest part of the lunar surface. The lunar mare are radioactively dated at: 3.9-3.2 billion years old, forming after most of the bombardment was over.
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Compositional and mechanical layers of the earth. Crust, mantle, core, lithosphere, asthenosphere, mesosphere, outer core, inner core.
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Characteristics of Ganymede Ganymede's surface is made up of primarily two types of terrain: about 40 percent is dark with numerous craters, and 60 percent is lighter in color with grooves that form intricate patterns to give the satellite its distinctive appearance.
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['Both in Solar System,', 'Both have gravity,', 'Both have craters,[moon has more, Earth has less],', 'Both have techtonic activity, and.', 'Both have rocks.']
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['Lithosphere – rigid and solid earth.', 'Asthenosphere – plastic; made of molten rock.', 'Mesosphere – Lower mantle, transitions to the liquid outer core.', 'Outer Core – made of dense, molten iron and nickel.', 'Inner Core – made of solid iron and nickel.']
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It has four main components: a thick inner torus of particles known as the "halo ring"; a relatively bright, exceptionally thin "main ring"; and two wide, thick and faint outer "gossamer rings", named for the moons of whose material they are composed: Amalthea and Thebe.
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['Carbon - 83 to 87%', 'Hydrogen - 10 to 14%', 'Nitrogen - 0.1 to 2%', 'Oxygen - 0.05 to 1.5%', 'Sulfur - 0.05 to 6.0%', 'Metals - < 0.1%']