which cranial nerves are responsible for speech?
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The Cranial Nerves There are twelve pairs of cranial nerves and seven of them are directly related to speech production: cranial nerves V (trigeminal), VII (facial), VIII (acoustic-vestibular), IX (glossopharyngeal), X (vagus), and XII (hypoglossal) (see Table 7-2).
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The temporal lobe is responsible for phonological awareness and decoding/discriminating sounds. The frontal lobe handles speech production, reading fluency, grammatical usage, and comprehension, making it possible to understand simple and complex grammar in our native language.
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The numbering of the cranial nerves is based on the order in which they emerge from the brain, front to back (brainstem). The terminal nerves, olfactory nerves (I) and optic nerves (II) emerge from the cerebrum or forebrain, and the remaining ten pairs arise from the brainstem, which is the lower part of the brain.
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The cranial nerves are considered components of the peripheral nervous system (PNS), although on a structural level the olfactory (I), optic (II), and trigeminal (V) nerves are more accurately considered part of the central nervous system (CNS).
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The main parts of the brain involved in language processes are the Broca's area, located in the left frontal lobe, which is responsible for speech production and articulation, and the Wernicke's area, in the left temporal lobe, associated with language development and comprehension.
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Your brain has many parts but speech is primarily controlled by the largest part of the brain, the cerebrum. The cerebrum can be divided into two parts, called hemispheres, which are joined by a band of nerve fibers called the corpus callosum. Your speech is typically governed by the left side of your cerebrum.
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Structure and Function. These motor neurons are located in the brainstem and are responsible for forming the LMNs of the cranial nerve nuclei. They are called "branchial" because they innervate the muscles formed by the branchial (pharyngeal) arch which includes muscles innervated by cranial nerves V, VII, IX, and X.
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The most important organs in the vocal tract are the tongue, the soft palate, the lower jaw and the lips. The tongue is the most important organ for speech production: its different postures determine the most of phonemes. The soft palate is a muscle that can separate the oral cavity from the nasal cavity.
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Trigeminal nerve. The trigeminal nerve is the largest of your cranial nerves and has both sensory and motor functions.
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The cranial nerves are a set of 12 paired nerves that arise directly from the brain. The first two nerves (olfactory and optic) arise from the cerebrum, whereas the remaining ten emerge from the brain stem.
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The cranial nerves leave the brain, and the spinal nerves leave the spinal cord. Twelve pairs of cranial nerves, the cell bodies of which are located in the brain, can be seen most clearly in a ventral view of the brain (Figure 4.1).
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The cranial preganglionic neurons project to the cranial nerves with autonomic activity: III, VII, IX, and X. Unlike the sympathetic nervous system, the parasympathetic postganglionic neurons are located near to end-organ systems, resulting in long preganglionic axons and relatively short postganglionic axons.
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['Cerebrum. Processes memory, speech, the senses, and some emotional responses.', 'Cerebral Cortex. Interprets sensory input, controls skilled skeletal muscle movements, and is involved in emotional and intellectual processes.', 'Cerebellum. ... ', 'Brain Stem. ... ', 'Diencephalon. ... ', 'Thalamus. ... ', 'Hypothalamus. ... ', 'Superior Colliculus.']
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The peripheral nervous sytem comprises of cranial and spinal nerves. Ten pairs of cranial nerves run from the brain and innervate to the different parts of the body to send information. Ten spinal nerves are used to send information from extremities to the brain through the soinal cord.
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Sensory neurons carry information from the sense organs (such as the eyes and ears) to the brain. Motor neurons control voluntary muscle activity such as speaking and carry messages from nerve cells in the brain to the muscles.
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The brain. The auditory nerve connects the cochlea of the inner ear directly to the auditory cortex on both sides of the brain, where sound is processed.
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Neurons of the auditory or vestibulocochlear nerve (the eighth cranial nerve) innervate cochlear and vestibular hair cells. ... Inner hair cell nerve fibers are also very heavily myelinated, which is in contrast to the unmyelinated outer hair cell nerve fibers.