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Of all the people we know, in the books, who were sent to Azkaban, the majority are Death Eaters (Dolohov, Lucius, Crouch Jr, Bellatrix and so on) or suspected to be involved with them (Sirius, Stan, et cetera). They were imprisoned for using the Unforgivable Curses, as well as for being accomplices of a seriously dark wizard. What other crimes are Azkaban-worthy, in normal circumstances? I'm looking for anything that's been stated in the books, or on Pottermore (basically, anything 'canon'), or anything one can conclude from information in the books. I think smaller crimes are punished by imposing a fine, but what about bigger ones? Surely murder and torture (i.e. crimes against humanity) aren't the only ones punishable by imprisonment? That certainly isn't the case in contemporary Muggle society. My thoughts Off the top of my head, I can name these crimes:  Being an unregistered Animagus1 That was what Hermione threatened Skeeter with.  Trespass and robbery2 That's how Sturgis Podmore was imprisoned.   Notes  Several of the arrests in the Half-Blood Prince and the Deathly Hallows were made by an authoritarian (if that's the right word on this case) government, in the time of war. They do not count as normal.  I don't mean that there should be an answer to this question, I was wondering if it was ever addressed in the books. I certainly don't expect a list of all people sent to Azkaban, and the reasons for doing so!     1 &quot;Well, yes,&quot; said Hermione calmly, taking a sip of her drink. &quot;Otherwise, as you very well know, I will inform the authorities that you are an unregistered Animagus. Of course, the Prophet might give you rather a lot for an insider's account of life in Azkaban.&quot;  The Beetle at Bay, Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix     2 Sturgis Podmore, 38, of number two, ... charged with trespass and robbery ... sentenced to six months in Azkaban.  Percy and Padfoot, Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix Remove a part of a list of names I have some files and each files have distinct name but all of them have the same "-statement" at the end like this:  flower-statement.mp3 leave-statement.mp3  ball-statement.mp3 goal-statement.mp3   So I want to remove this: -statement  Is that possible? A  is formed when a raindrop refracts light, but why then does the whole sky not become a huge rainbow when it rains? Would the light not be dispersed into ordinary white light? What causes it to look as if each end is nearly touching the ground? shell: keep trailing newlines ('\n') in command substitution I want to be able to capture the exact output of a command substitution, including the trailing new line characters.  I realise that they are stripped by default, so some manipulation may be required to keep them, and I want to keep the original exit code.  For example, given a command with a variable number of trailing newlines and exit code:  f(){ for i in $(seq "$((RANDOM % 3))"); do echo; done; return $((RANDOM % 256));} export -f f   I want to run something like:  exact_output f   And have the output be:  Output: $'\n\n' Exit: 5   I'm interested in both bash and POSIX sh. Deriving curvature formula How do you derive the formula for unsigned curvature of a curve $\gamma (t) = (x(t), y(t)$ which is not necessarily parameterised by arc-length.   The formula given is $$|\kappa (t)| = \left|\frac{x'' y' - y'' x'}{((x')^2 + (y')^2)^{3/2}}\right|$$  All the definitions of curvature in my notes give it in terms for an arc-length parameterisation $T'(s) = \kappa(s) N(s)$. This is apparently meant to be 'easily derivable', am I missing something? Does a monk's Unarmored Movement speed increase apply to the fly speed gained from a Fly spell? Fit a table into one page Is there a location where I can drop in a custom JavaScript file in Drupal 7.x?  It just includes simple event actions for menus, and I don't want to edit the theme/module files.  Or do I have to just add the "include" hook to the theme/module? What is accountsd and why does it want to use the "login" keychain? Unicode applies the convention of using a  as signature at the beginning of a text stream, identifying the encoding used within it. The following three bytes at the beginning of a file: EF BB BF, identifies this file as a UTF8 file. Vi and most text editors gracefully ignore this signature. Open office does that as well, but it adds this signature at the beginning.  Now, if I open a TeX file with OpenOffic.org, and I do that quite a lot (for mixed directionality editing), the signature is added, and baffles LaTeX, which produces an error message such as:   ! LaTeX Error: Missing \begin{document}.   See the LaTeX manual or LaTeX Companion for explanation.  Type  H &lt;return&gt;  for immediate help.  ...                                                l.1   ��\documentclass{article}   whereas a simple dump of the file does not show the problem. Is there a way to eliminate this problem, while staying in the realm of latex? Prove that $T$ has an orbit of period 3 Introductory Calculus textbook for physics? How can we remove the launcher that come with Unity on this new Ubuntu version ? When people want to classify a group with certain (small) order, they seem to find a normal subgroup $H$ and a subgroup $K$, and then consider how many distinct $H \rtimes_\varphi K$ are there.  My question is: For any group $G$, does it always exist normal subgroup $H$, subgroup $K$ and $\phi : K \rightarrow Aut(H)$ s.t. $G\cong H \rtimes_\varphi K $?  Sorry if this question is too basic...  Thanks the comment and the answers. Then if the $G$ is not simple, can we have can $G\cong H\rtimes_\varphi K$ for proper subgroup $H$, $K$, with $H$ normal?  EDIT:  If we have a group $G$, that is not simple (then $G$ has at least one normal subgroup), are there always a non-trivial normal subgroup $H$ and a proper subgroup $K$ s.t. $G \cong H \rtimes K$. (Note that if $G$ is simple this is clearly not possible).  But the quaternion group and $Z_4$ given in answers have shown that we cannot always have it. Is there any way to verify a cashier cheque? There are plenty of warnings around about forged cashier's cheques, and that if you deposit a forged one your bank will "hold you responsible".   What does it mean that the bank will "hold you responsible"? Clearly the money won't be credited. Will you be charged a fee like an NSF cheque? Will they try to prosecute you? Is there any way to confirm whether a cashiers cheque is forged? Could you for example tell your bank that you were uncertain of the origin, and ask them to confirm it? Can you call the issuer and verify (from the serial number) that they did in fact issue a cheque for that amount with you as the payee? I can't find my other HDD New Ubuntu user here... I have Ubuntu on my 250GB SSD and I have another 500GB on my laptop that Ubuntu can't find. I'm not sure where or how to start finding it. Why does \cal{M}_n give “M>”? When does the amount of skew or prevalence of outliers make the median preferable to the mean? I know that "deviations in the data are devil", and when the distribution is highly skewed, it is better to consider median as average rather than mean, but how to decide these hard-limits.  For example:   CASE 1:   Assume X = 10,20,30,40,50,60,70 In this case, I think that it is better to use mean and that it will give very accurate results.  CASE 2:   Assume X = 10,20,30,40,50,60,70,7000 In this case, I think that it is better to use median instead of using the mean.  CASE 3:    Assume X = 10,20,30,400,500,600,700 In this case, I think it is better to use IQR (Inter Quartile Range)    But I'm stuck with how to decide these hard-limits i.e. which to use in which condition, in general.   I've found a tool working on subjected principle, which takes context-less sample-distribution as input and determines whether mean is close/moderate or against the null-hypothesis.  Find References:-     (For Mean Test)  (For Median Test)   What I'm really looking is a good answer which states how to derive these conclusions. What happens to half of the energy in a circuit with a capacitor? For a simple circuit with a battery supplying a voltage $V$ to a capacitor, let us assume that the charge on the capacitor is $Q$. Now, the work done by the battery or the energy supplied is given by the relation:  $$W=QV$$  But the energy stored in the capacitor is given by:  $$U = \tfrac12 QV$$  The value of $Q$ as well as that of $V$ should be the same in both the equations.  Now my question is, where is the other half of the energy that the battery supplied? How to work with Dried Mushrooms? I was recently given a bag of dried mushrooms and am unsure how to work with them.  What's the best way to use them?