Table alignment issues with the style file for the journal of the royal statistical society
Caption makes Table move in statsoc class
Is it "me" or "I" and why? Learning Python programming with generic GIS goals in mind? I tried to find a topic here on this (possible problem) but I didn't.   I reported it at  but Tim Hoffmann pointed me that it is not a problem of editor. After tested with nano and pdflatex I'm posting here.  The minimal code produces errors. OK, we can solve it using \\{}.   But is this a problem with TeXlive 2014 or there are some good reasons to have that behavior.  \documentclass{report} \begin{document} test\\ [foo]  test\linebreak [foo]  test\newline [foo] \end{document}      ! Missing number, treated as zero.                        f l.3 test\ [foo] Does %* in batch file mean all command line arguments? Divisibility Proof with Induction - Stuck on Induction Step I'm working on a problem that's given me the run around for about a weekend. The statement:  For all $m$ greater than or equal to $2$ and for all $n$ greater than or equal to $0$, $m - 1$ divides $m^n - 1$.  Using induction over $n$, the base step comes easy since $m^n - 1$ is $0$ when $n = 0$.  My induction hypothesis is letting $k \geq 0$ and assuming that $m - 1$ divides $m^k - 1$. In order to show that $m - 1$ divides $m^{k+1} - 1$, I obviously need to use the induction hypothesis. However, no matter where I try to use the fact that $m^k - 1 = (m-1)a$ for some $a$ in the integers, the expression $m^{k+1} - 1$ always becomes more difficult to get to $m^{k+1} - 1$ being equal to $(m-1)b$ for some $b$ in the integers.   In other words, I can't figure out any actually helpful way to apply the induction hypothesis with the goal of proving the next step.  Any help would be appreciated! We always say that tree levels are classical but loop diagrams are quantum.  Let's talk about a concrete example： $$\mathcal{L}=\partial_a \phi\partial^a \phi-\frac{g}{4}\phi^4+\phi J$$ where $J$ is source.   The equation of motion is $$\Box \phi=-g \phi^3+J$$  Let's do perturbation, $\phi=\sum \phi_{n}$ and $\phi_n \sim \mathcal{O}(g^n) $. And define Green function $G(x)$ as $$\Box G(x) =\delta^4(x)$$  Then   Zero order:  $\Box \phi_0 = J$   $\phi_0(x)=\int d^4y G(x-y) J(y) $  This solution corresponds to the following diagram:  First order:  $\Box \phi_1 = -g \phi_0^3   $  $\phi_1(x)=-g \int d^4x_1 d^4x_2 d^4x_3 d^4x_4 G(x-x_1)G(x_1-x_2)G(x_1-x_3)G(x_1-x_4)J(x_2)J(x_3)J(x_4) $  This solution corresponds to the following diagram:  Second order:  $\Box \phi_2 = -3g \phi_0^2\phi_1  $  $\phi_2(x)= 3g^2 \int d^4x_1 d^4x_2 d^4x_3 d^4x_4 d^4x_5 d^4yd^4z  G(x-y)G(y-x_1)G(y-x_2)G(y-z)G(z-x_3)G(z-x_4)G(z-x_5) J(x_1)J(x_2)J(x_3)J(x_4)J(x_5) $ This solution corresponds to the following diagram:  Therefore, we've proved in brute force that up to 2nd order, only tree level diagram make contribution.  However in principle the first order can have the loop diagram, such as  but it really does not occur in above classical calculation.  My question is:   What's the crucial point in classical calculation, which forbids the loop diagram to occur? Because the classical calculation seems similiar with quantum calculation. How to prove the general claim rigorously that loop diagram will not occur in above classical perturbative calculation. Getting code onto a microcontroller I have broken open a few circuits of some electronics (DVD player, handheld game device) and I can see the microcontrollers in them. However, I have no idea how they get their programs onto them! There is no micro usb or usb plug anywhere on them! How would they have gotten their program onto there? Before running a ridge regression model, do I need to preform variable selection? I am currently constructing a model that uses last year's departmental information to predict employee churn for the current year.  I have 55 features and 318 departments in my data set.  A good portion of my independent variables are correlated, and because of this, I believe that performing a ridge regression on my data will lead to optimal predictions when I bring the model into production.  I have studied ridge regression and understand that the lambda coefficient computed for a given predictor can minimize the effect that predictor has on the model to next to nothing.  Does this mean that performing a ridge regression means I don't have to bother with variable selection? If I do need to perform a variable selection technique, would implementing a stepwise regression and then using those selected variables in my ridge regression be a valid approach at variable selection? I already posted this question on stack exchange but was informed that stack exchange was the better platform to ask statistical questions.  I am sorry for the confusion. Unit testing void methods? What is the best way to unit test a method that doesn't return anything? Specifically in c#.  What I am really trying to test is a method that takes a log file and parses it for specific strings. The strings are then inserted into a database. Nothing that hasn't been done before but being VERY new to TDD I am wondering if it is possible to test this or is it something that doesn't really get tested. Quotient rings of Gaussian integers I used this isomorphism today but now I'm having trouble justifying it. The norm function isn't additive so I can't come up with a ring isomorphism to prove the following:     For any $\,a+bi\in\Bbb Z[i],\,\gcd(a,b)=1$, we have a ring isomorphism   $$\Bbb Z[i]/\langle a+bi\rangle\,\cong\Bbb Z/(a^2+b^2)\Bbb Z=:\Bbb Z_{a^2+b^2}.$$   Could someone show me an isomorphism between these rings to prove this? I have to prove this : "$n^7-n$ is a multiple of 7". This is what I have done this so far :  $P(n):n^7-n$ On putting $n=1,$ $P(1):1^7-1=0$, which is a multiple of 7. So, $P(1)$ is true. Let $P(k)$ be a multiple of 7. So, $k^7-k$ is a multiple of 7. So, $k^7-k=7m$, where $m$ is any natural number. Let $P(k+1)$ be true, Hence, $(k+1)^7-(k+1)$ is a multiple of 7.  Now, how do I evaluate $(k+1)^7$ without using the binomial theorem ? Or is there some other way to do it ? when I look at my Nexus 5 with android 5.1. battery screen, I can see something like this:    Screenshots (click images for larger variants)  Sum of all per-app percentages in list is 10. However as you can see, there is 60% battery consumed (40% remaining). So, what is the deal here? Who consumed 50% battery? Or what do the percentages next to apps mean?  As you can see, screen was on just for few short times, the same for awake, and yet battery life about 18 hours? I dont get it.  Also, I found this issue reported on AOSP, but noone from google seems to care: Can I talk to the blue alpaca? Reese's boyfriend seems to constantly be asleep. When I try and talk to him, she warns me that he's been hard at work all night, but I can't actually enter the shop at night.   Is there any way to talk to him or any benefit for doing so? I've tried to talk to him daily for a week (thinking it was something akin to talking to Sable) but I've had no luck. Trying to come in after-hours doesn't work. Permutations on word $MISSISSIPPI$. In how many ways can the letters of the word $MISSISSIPPI$ be rearranged ?   I am confused on whether it is  $\dfrac{11!}{4!4!2!}$ or $\dfrac{11!}{4!4!2!}-1$  since it is given rearranged and not arranged. I have a Minecraft 1.8.1 vanilla server and would like to reward certain users. I would like to /give some users a 99999/99999 durability renamed Diamond Pickaxe (with all enchantments on it). How do I use commands to change/repair the durability of items? If possible, using only one command and use /give. GridView sorting: SortDirection always Ascending iPhone asks 'Trust This Computer' again (I am on macOS 10.14.6 and iOS 12.4)   I am certain that I have trusted my Mac before. Without the latter trust, I can also access the phone in iTunes.   I have tried reset "Location and Privacy" on my phone. Then   When connecting the iPhone with iTunes running, it asks for the trust and I trust it.  Reboot my Mac and the phone asks for another trust.   Is there some known malware mimics system behavior and steal data from an iPhone?  (I do have installed some pir*ted software recently. That's my fault.) For a command, if using - as an argument in place of a file name will mean STDIN or STDOUT.   But in this example, it creates a file with the name -:  echo hello &gt; -   How can I make - in this example mean STDOUT? Conversely, how can I make - mean a file named - in examples such as:  cat - In my custom Drupal 8 plug-in I perform such query:  $select = db_select('my_table', 'e'); $select-&gt;addField('e', 'field1');  $select-&gt;condition('field3', 'NULL', '!='); $select-&gt;condition('field4', array(11, 12, 31, 32, 33), 'IN');  $select-&gt;groupBy("e.field1"); $select-&gt;orderBy("e.field1"); $select-&gt;orderBy("e.field5"); $entries = $select-&gt;execute()-&gt;fetchAll(\PDO::FETCH_ASSOC);    And it works fine. It returns me all records grouped by field1 that meets the condition, orderered. But it returns only field1 column.  I wanted to get more columns, so I have added another $select-&gt;addField('e', 'field2'); just after first one:  $select = db_select('my_table', 'e'); $select-&gt;addField('e', 'field1'); $select-&gt;addField('e', 'field2');  $select-&gt;condition('field3', 'NULL', '!='); $select-&gt;condition('field4', array(11, 12, 31, 32, 33), 'IN');  $select-&gt;groupBy("e.field1"); $select-&gt;orderBy("e.field1"); $select-&gt;orderBy("e.field5"); $entries = $select-&gt;execute()-&gt;fetchAll(\PDO::FETCH_ASSOC);    This time I get error:     Drupal\Core\Database\DatabaseExceptionWrapper: SQLSTATE[42000]: Syntax error or access violation: 1055 Użyto 'my_database.e.field2' bez umieszczenia w group by:   Which means "my_database.e.field2 has been used without putting in into group by". But I don't want to group by every column I select.  Unfortunatelly Drupal 8 added ONLY_FULL_GROUP_BY :( Then, how can I use groupBy and select more then one column at the same time? Combining the first and second law of thermodynamics we can get the following equation  $$TdS=dU-P_{ext}dV$$  First question: Is this equation applicable for irreversible processes such that that $dS≠\dfrac{dQ}{T}$?  Second question:If the system temperature $T_{sys}$ is smaller than the surrounding temperature $T_{sur}$, which temperature should we put in the equation?   I have this question because sometimes people use $T_{sur}$ instead of $T_{sys}$ (e.g. , ) but the equation is supposed to describe changes in the system.