How to use Automorphisms[] on a graph?
How to find all graph isomorphisms in FindGraphIsomorphism
How do I choose grid and block dimensions for CUDA kernels? Follow up: instance control in Java without enum Converting a Java Keystore into PEM Format I am trying to convert from a Java keystore file into a PEM file using keytool and openssl applicactions. But I could not find a good way to do the conversion. Any ideas?   Instead of converting the keystore directly into PEM I tried to create a PKCS12 file first and then convert into relevant PEM file and Keystore. But I could not establish a connection using them. (Note that I just need a PEM file and a Keystore file to implement a secured connection. There is no restriction like "Start from a java keystore file". :) So starting from other formats is acceptable with my case)  But a direct conversion method from jks to pem is preferable. Switch statement fallthrough in C#? How do you make your own agar.io skins? I have noticed recently that people have their own skins. Not like the ones where you type in a specific nickname and it gives you a skin but where the people make their own. How do you do it? Why is the Yang–Mills existence and mass gap problem so fundamental? Ref:   Can anyone please explain why the Yang–Mills Existence and Mass Gap problem is so important / fundamental to contemporary mathematics (and, presumably, theoretical / mathematical physics)?  If possible, please include the following in your answer / response:  (1) Why the problem is so fundamental / important - for both mathematics and theoretical / mathematical physics; (2) How the solution to the problem would impact research in the above two fields; (3) (If applicable) What progress has been made so far in resolving it; (references to papers, books, other resources would be helpful).  I'm an upper-level undergraduate in theoretical physics, and so am seeking an answer / response at such level. Do potions use concentration for their effects? Multiplicative nature of the separability degree In what follows, let $E / F$ be an algebraic extension, $h(x),f(x)\in F[x]$ polynomials, $h(x)$ irreducible.   Definitions.   We say $h(x)$ is separable if it has not repeated factors. We say $f(x)$ is separable if all its irreducible factors are separable. We say $\alpha\in E$ is separable over $F$, if its minimal polynomial over $F$ is. The extension $E/F$ is separable if all the elements of $E$ are separable over $F$. We define the field $$\newcommand\sclo{\operatorname{Scl}}\sclo_F E= \{\alpha\in E : \text{ $\alpha$ is separable over $F$ }\}$$ as the separable closure of $F$ in $E$. The separability degree of the extension $E/F$ is defined as $$[E:F]_s = [\sclo_F E:F].$$   Now, suppose the extension $E/F$ is finite.  My question is: how can one proof that with these definitions, if $B$ is an intermediate field of the extension $E / F$, then $$[E:F]_s = [E:B]_s[B:F]_s?$$  I know that the purpose of the separability degree is to count in how many ways we can extend certain injective homomorphism to an automorphism. If one starts defining separability degree this way, as done in the book by Lang, the result follows without much difficulty.  I wonder how to achieve it in this way. What's an atomic superstate/, and how is it possible?  I understand the basics - being something can be moving and staying still at the same time; the observer changes the behaviour - but I'd like to know a little more, as it interests me, and how is it possible without actually interfering with said thing? On Irix's  4Dwm, there was an ability to minimise windows into a box (contrary to the task bar used by modern window managers). I have seen this also on an old HPUX.  See the "console" square in the linked image:    Is it possible to accomplish on Ubuntu, either with a plugin or maybe some  window manager other than Unity? How to choose trace width for very high current PCB? I am currently designing a PCB layout for my team's high current, high voltage project and am having trouble with choosing my trace width.  The circuit is composed of 12 inductors placed in series with short traces connecting them together (about 5mm max length). We are feeding 10μs pulses at ~300A/1000V at a maximum rate of 10 pulses per second by discharching capacitor banks into the coils. The capacitors are recharged by an external source.  I have looked for resources on the subject, but nothing I could find applies to the level of current and voltage we are applying.  Is there a rule for determining trace width for very high current pulses? d'Alembert-like functional equation: $f(x+y)+g(x-y)=\lambda f(x)g(y)$ polynomial converges uniformily to analytic function Note: the eventual outcome of this discussion involved dropping this particular off-topic reason, along with other changes. See:  &nbsp; &mdash;Shog     I was using the reason "demonstrate a minimal understanding" myself quite frequently, but the more I review, the more I have doubts about it and I think this reason can either be dropped entirely or at least rephrased, so I started to use "problems with code you've written must describe the specific problem" instead:     Questions asking for code must demonstrate a minimal understanding of the problem being solved.   So the poster has posted some description, maybe even a snippet of code and in his mind that already proves that he has that minimal understanding required. After all he described the problem and what he tried to solve. So telling him that he lacks that understanding is rather rude, and from the posters point of view doesn't even apply. What both version of the reason not emphasize is that a description of a problem is not various versions of     it doesn't work   but that we rather mean really specific details (see below). I can often see in the reopen review queue that the "improved" version just includes a more verbatim description, while what usually would be expected is some specific error message, a trace or a log, or whatever applies.  Then it continues with:     Include attempted solutions, why they didn't work, and the expected results. See also: Stack Overflow question checklist   comparing it to:     problems with code you've written must describe the specific problem — and include valid code to reproduce it — in the question itself. See SSCCE.org for guidance.   Which says essentially the same, only in more detail.   So the "minimum understanding" reason is IMO a more rude version of the reason telling the user that an SSCCE is missing.  The intent of giving this reason is to tell the user that he needs to give exact details to be able to help him, so IMO a checklist would be much better. Something like:     Your question was closed because it may not provide enough details. Things you can do to improve your question to get an answer include:         Format the code in a way that makes it readable and easily understandable.   Provide the smallest working sample of code demonstrating the problem (link to SSCCE)   Include your input and output.   If applicable provide logs (i.e. Android debugging log, stack trace, etc.).   If applicable provide the exact error messages (compiler, etc.).      And something like this should be best included already in the banner that appears when a question is closed instead of being hidden in some pages you often enough have to actively looking for.  It might be helpful to adjust this, based on the tags or close reason, as I realize that I'm more focused on the programming area, and the above list may not apply to other areas of SO.  Update  Another thing I forgot to mention (but wanted to) is this:     Questions asking for code   Is IMO essentially an invitation of the type of questions     I have a problem, can you provide the solution? (with an optional please)   while     Questions concerning problems with code you've written   puts at least some emphasis on the fact that the poster has to put some effort himself in trying to solve the problem by providing the code which he used to attempt the solution. Do we know of any living forms on Earth that could continue to live on Mars? As per c99 standard, size of long long should be minimum 64 bits. How is this implemented in a 32 bit machine (eg. addition or multiplication of 2 long longs). Also, What is the equivalent of long long in C++. What is a word that means to say in a positive sense? For instance, when writers say that a person was sexually assaulted instead of saying raped.  Or people use let go instead of fired.  What is that called? From what time I've spent with threads in Java, I've found these two ways to write threads:  With implements Runnable:  public class MyRunnable implements Runnable {     public void run() {         //Code     } } //Started with a "new Thread(new MyRunnable()).start()" call   Or, with extends Thread:  public class MyThread extends Thread {     public MyThread() {         super("MyThread");     }     public void run() {         //Code     } } //Started with a "new MyThread().start()" call   Is there any significant difference in these two blocks of code ? Redirect the output using `sudo` I have a small question regarding using sudo with output redirect &gt;. To enable IP forwrding, someone can use the command:  echo 1 &gt; /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward   Executing this command will give permission denied as it requires root privileges. However, executing the same command with sudo gives also permission denied error! It seems that output redirect &gt; does not inherit the permissions of the preceding command echo. Is this right?  As a workaround I do:  echo 1 | sudo tee /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward   Is this the best way to do it? Am I missing something?  Please, note that this is an example and it applies to all commands that use output redirect. Recommended books for advanced undergraduate electrodynamics