Wien's displacement law in frequency domain
Planck's Law in terms of wavelength
Centering sections Currently, when rep is changed due to the removal of another user account (to undo the rep gain/loss that happened when they up-/down-voted/accepted/were downvoted by you), the associated message is simply "User was removed". I am not the only one who found that message rather cryptic (I had to go search meta when I saw it, and I found my answer in a duplicate, so that makes me at least the 3rd person to not understand it).  I think it's a good idea to add a link to  or some more descriptive text to that.  Edit: e.g.     Another user was removed; reputation changes linked to the user's activity were reverted.   (I can see how it's hard to fully explain the event succinctly, that's why a "what is this?" link to meta or an FAQ question/answer might be better.) Random integer in VB.NET I need to generate a random integer between 1 and n (where n is a positive whole number) to use for a unit test. I don't need something overly complicated to ensure true randomness - just an old-fashioned random number.  How would I do that? If you copy the contents of   httpd.conf   and then paste it into a cat command.. such as this one..  #!/bin/bash cat &gt; /test &lt;&lt; EOF pasted here.. EOF   you run into this error:  -bash: command substitution: line 1: unexpected EOF while looking for matching `'' -bash: command substitution: line 4: syntax error: unexpected end of file   perhaps the solution is to escape the dollar signs and maybe even quotes and so on..  but given that this is such a large file.. can dollar signs be automatically be escaped ?  is my only option to escape them via another program and then give it to the cat command ? Unknown site on Android app When I select the unknown site (i.e. the meta sites) the app crashes.   I have a Samsung Note 5 and version 1.0.89 of the app. Question about preposition -of- Sentence:      A set of deer antlers lying on a flat stone just inside [of?] one cave reveals more recent visitors.   Should we use preposition -of- in that case?  I have checked Corpus of Contemporary American English and have found examples of both usages:        ...to plant another 20 acres of vines, finish building the inside of   an on-site cave, and work on building a retail tasting room (Fiction)   However, opened and remained blue as the inside of an ice cave, paler   than the shell of a robin's egg (Fiction)   It looked like the wall on the inside of a cave: flat and kind of   scale (Fiction)   ...-To protect the inside of the cave. " // He stepped inside, leaving   the gate open.  (Fiction)     Views outside and inside of Wind Cave in South Dakota (Magazine)   Above, Black Hills grasslands and, right, boxwork inside of the cave   (Magazine)   You can see Bill Elliott's great photos of what you can see inside a   cave. (Spoken)   So, when I am asked, what was your feeling inside the cave? (Spoken)   At some point, we found a small river running through the inside the cave (Spoken)   We were gathered around a small fire inside the cave (Fiction)   About 700 feet inside El Sidrn cave, a research team including   Lalueza-Fox excavated 1,700 bones (Academy)      I still cannot come up with a clear pattern why we are using -of- in some cases but are not using it in other. Is it more a question of style rather then a grammar? Or it has something with how speaker/writer sees things around and perceives a reality? Does absence of -of- make things sound weird/wrong for native speaker? Thanks. I keep getting asked to do wedding photography - what is a fair price to ask? This may sound like a silly post...but, I need some "outside" opinion from people who know what they are doing.  I took up amateur photography as a hobby a couple of years ago...most of it being portrait photography of my children.  As I have posted my pictures on facebook, a plethora of people have loved my "work" and have been contacting me about my "photography" business.  I have been very up-front and honest with every one of them about only being an amateur, and never professionally trained.  That being said, people still hound me to take their pictures.  I am comfortable with my ability to take portrait style pictures....and I have even started charging $60 for a two hour shoot with the rights to the cd of prints.  I do not do my own printing.    Now, I have done three weddings for family members just over this last summer....and only as a wedding gift to them (in other words, I have not charged.)  But now, I am having others, who are not family members, wanting to "hire" me for their weddings.  Again....I have tried to tell them I don't do professional photography, only to be met with all of them still wanting to hire me.    My question is...what is a fair price to ask of these people?  They obviously still want me to work for them, knowing that I have no credentials.....but I have no idea how or what to charge for.  Can anyone give me some ideas? When is unbalanced data really a problem in Machine Learning? Database synchronization between dev/staging and production Ubuntu 14.10 folder icons missing What conditions are necessary for a Wither Skeleton to spawn naturally, and can I manipulate those conditions to increase the chance of them spawning?  I want to make a Wither Skeleton spawning pad in the Nether but I'm having trouble finding Wither Skeletons. I've only heard that they spawn in Nether Fortresses. Rice with worm and possibly their eggs I bought a bag of brown rice from a store. After having opened and used for a while, I found there were moths flying in the house. At the same time, I found worms in the rice. I suspect that the moths are from the worms(rice-size, white body, dark head). I guess but am not sure if they are called rice moths. There were also many little sand-like things in the rice bag, are they the eggs of the rice moths?  Will eating this infested rice pose a health risk? Okay, maybe I'm missing something obvious but consider $h_n(x) = x^{ 1+ \frac{1}{2n-1}}$ on the set $[-1,1]$. Now consider a fixed $x \in [-1,1]$, we have:  $$\lim_{n\rightarrow \infty} h_n(x) = x \lim_{n \rightarrow \infty} x^\frac{1}{2n-1} = x$$  But my book says it's $|x|$? Why? Pressure at base of 3 different dam designs The question asks, For which design will the water pressure at the base of the dam wall be the greatest?  The answer is all are equal.    This doesn't make sense to me.  Using the formula: P (pressure) = p (atmospheric pressure) + rho (density) * g (gravity) * y (depth below water surface)    What is confusing me is the y value, the depth below the surface. Yes both red points are the same depth below the water surface. But doesn't the red point in dam III only "see" a smaller column of water above it and so shouldn't it have less pressure on it than the red point in dam II?    Also, I know the formula would give the points at the base of dam I and dam II equal. But why doesn't the extra water in dam II (shaded in black) cause it to have a higher pressure at the base? I know this issue has been addressed before with different software, but how do I do it with Shapely?  I have a polygon with a very small gap on the interior of the shape:    Here is a close up:    The polygon is valid so I can't use the buffer trick, and simplifying the polygon also doesn't work. New to Macbook Pro, need help upgrading I was recently gifted an old Mid 2010 Macbook Pro with the following specs listed here:    I would like to do a few things to it, but I have never owned an apple computer before and I know there are some restrictions on the hardware i can purchase to upgrade it.  These are the things I want to do  1) Upgrade Ram: Currently it has 2x2GB of RAM in it. This model is rated for up to 8GB but I have been reading online and it seems some people have been able to successfully install 16GB of RAM, so i am confused. Does anyone have a definitive statement on whether or not this Macbook Pro will work with 16GB of RAM? If it does accept 16GB total which RAM should i buy for a Macbook Pro like this? If it only accepts 8GB total which RAM should i buy? And I know the clock speed must be 1066Hz for this Macbook Pro, but can i use DDR3, or DDR4 RAM? Does the DDR type matter?  2) Install Secondary Hard Drive: I am not 100% so i need someone to inform me but i believe there is space in this Macbook Pro for a second hard drive. Does the CD Drive need to be removed in order for a second Hard Drive to be put in? Or is there simply space inside it for a second hard drive but not installed by Apple? Either way I would like to install an SSD into it and install the Operating System onto that SSD. Which SSD can i look to buy that is compatible with this  Pro?  3) Fresh install of Mac OSX: As it currently stands my friend who gave this laptop to me didn't erase his data. I am uncomfortable with this and want a fresh start. How do I do a fresh install of Mac OSX Mavericks (or should i wait for Yosemite?). Where can i buy a Disk/USB for it (or make a disk/USB for it) to do a clean install and how do i format a Macbook Pros hard drive and install fresh? Should this be done at an apple store?  4) Higher Screen Resolution: This is my lowest priority and I don't think it is possible to do without major invasive changes to the Macbook Pro but i want to know if it is possible. Currently the Max Resolution on the Device is 1440x900, i would like to know if it is possible to replace the LCD with one that is 1920x1080 for high resolution. In R, what does qqnorm actually do? qqnorm(x) plot(qnorm(seq(80)/81),sort(x))   Finding that the plots produced by the commands above are slightly different from each other, I tried this:  qqnorm(qnorm(seq(80)/81))   I got a slightly less than perfect line.  I'd have tried regressing the result of qnorm(seq(80)/81) on the variable that was plotted on the $x$-axis and plotting residuals against the predictor, expecting to see some graceful curve, but for the fact that I don't know what to use as the predictor.  Possibly such a residual plot would reveal more than just the graceful S-shaped thing I'd anticipate.  So my question is this: if the thing on the $x$-axis in the plot produced by qqnorm is not what I get from qnorm(seq(80)/81) (and what I did shows that indeed it is not), then what is it? Defining the appropriate Projected Coordinate System I am using ffmpeg to cut out a section of a large file like this: ffmpeg -i input.wmv -ss 60 -t 60 -acodec copy -vcodec copy output.wmv  The -ss part works fine but the -t is ignored. It correctly removes the initial specified seconds specified with -ss but then keeps going to the end of the input with the copy. Is there a way to use ffmpeg to cut off the end of a video without recoding it? Any situation, any time; this person has always something negative to say about it.  It should be a noun or an adjective to describe a person who is a damp cloud walking over every sunshine situations at the cubicle, hoping to drench other people with his miserable comments.    I considered "sourpuss" but would prefer something more important sounding, like "misogynist."