Why doesn't read command work with echo and piping?
In bash, read after a pipe is not setting values
Find a recurrence relation for the number of $n$-digit binary sequences with no pair of consecutive $1$s.  I know my base case:$$a_1 = 2$$ for either $1$ or $0$. Normally to construct the recurrent relation I would say fill in $n-1$ spaces then add a $1$ or $0$, which is simply:$$a_n = 2\cdot a_{n-1}$$However, I don't believe this is right, because this doesn't take into account that there can't be any consecutive $1$s.  Even when I use the base case of $2$ digits:$$a_2 = 3$$for either $01$, $10$, or $00$, I still get the recurrence relation of:$$a_n = 3\cdot a_{n-2}$$which also does not account for $01$ and $10$ occurring consecutively.   So how would I express this? If you draw two cards, what is the probability that the second card is a queen? In Pillow Problems and a Tangled Tale Lewis Carroll presents the following problem:     A bag contains a counter, known to be either white or black. A white counter is put in, the bag is shaken, and a counter is drawn out, which proves to be white. What is now the chance of drawing a white counter?   One can easily reason that in the end, the bag must be in one of three states:   Black remains, new white taken New white remains, original white taken Original white remains, new white taken   In two of those states, a white counter remains to be drawn. Therefore, the chance is 2/3.  How can one arrive to this answer using Bayes' theorem? What is the function of the RNA primer in DNA replication? During DNA replication, RNA primase puts an RNA primer in the lagging strand. What is the function of this RNA primer? Why can't the enzymes put DNA fragments directly? Natural Sounding Text to Speech? Dynamically Adding/Removing CSS in Nested Div The function auto.arima in the forecast package of R is a powerful tool to identify the best ARIMA(p,d,q) model for a given data series. In the   of the function, they report the following:  auto.arima(y, d=NA, max.p=5, max.q=5, max.order=5, max.d=2, start.p=2, start.q=2, ...)   According to the above function it seems that, by default, auto.arima tries to find the best model among all the combination having:   p equal or lower than 5 q equal or lower than 5 d equal or lower than 2 order equal or lower to 5, i.e. p + q + d  ≤ 5.   However, why does the default code stops at these conditions? Is there any particular reason why p, q and d should be equal or lower than 5, 5 and 2 and their sum lower than 5? How do I troubleshoot the "Error, press shutter release button again" message on my Nikon? The LCD on my Nikon D3000 is displaying the following error message:     Error. Press shutter release button again.   I have pressed the shutter release button but the camera still does not work. Italic citation reference for author name using natbib TeXLive Pretest 2018: beamer and subfig collide \documentclass{beamer}  \usepackage{subfig}  \begin{document}  test  \end{document}   returns undefined control sequence \@@magyar@captionfix  (It was not so in January; I am on fully updated pretest) What happens when you die? Diablo's first and second installments handled death differently, both in terms of exp\gold penalties and also in if you respawned or not or instead had to reload from an earlier point.  In Diablo III what happens when you die? OLS is BLUE. But what if I don't care about unbiasedness and linearity? I run processing.run(&quot;native:buffer&quot;) and from newly created vector I get all features and export them to string using QgsJsonExporter(). My problem is that newly created vector gives new IDs to all features and they aren't equal to attribute ID's values. And after exporting them to GeoJSON using QgsJsonExporter() I get GeoJSON features with identifiers. However I can solve this by declaring processing.run(&quot;native:buffer&quot;) algorithm OUTPUT to .geosjon file and opening it afterwards. Is there a way that I can get GeoJSON string without IDs without having to save OUTPUT to .geojson and reading it to string afterwards. vl = QgsVectorLayer(sys.argv[1],&quot;mygeojson&quot;,&quot;ogr&quot;)  def runProcessingNativeBuffer(inputGeoJson, distance):     processing.algorithmHelp(&quot;native:buffer&quot;)     return processing.run(&quot;native:buffer&quot;,                          {'INPUT': inputGeoJson,                           'DISTANCE': distance, 'SEGMENTS': 5,                           'END_CAP_STYLE': 0, 'JOIN_STYLE': 0,                           'MITER_LIMIT': 2, 'DISSOLVE': False,                           'OUTPUT': &quot;TEMPORARY_OUTPUT&quot;})  ats = runProcessingNativeBuffer(vl, sys.argv[2])  vl1=ats['OUTPUT']  features = vl1.getFeatures() exporter = QgsJsonExporter() print(&quot;GEOJSON&quot;,exporter.exportFeatures(features))  IDs in properties are fine I don't need additional IDs in &quot;features&quot; Why isn't Harry Potter punished for using magic outside of Hogwarts in Prisoner of Azkaban? Alternatives to Shapefiles as open-source, cross platform dataset types I am curious if it is possible to have a VPS that has data on it that is not readable by the hosting provider, but is still usable on the VPS.  Obviously there are some things that you could do to prevent them from reading anything...   You could change all the passwords, including root. But then, they could still use some alternate boot to reset the password, or they could just mount the disk another way. So, you could encrypt the disk or at least some of the contents on the disk. But then it seems that if you decrypted the content, they could still "peer in" to see what you were doing at the console, because after all, the virtualization platform should allow this. And even if you could stop that, it seems they could just read the RAM of the VPS directly.   Of course, the VPS can store data on it and as long as the key is not on the VPS and the data is never decrypted there, then the host cannot get the data.  But it seems to me that if any point the data on the VPS is decrypted...for use on the VPS...then the hosting provider can get the data.  So, my two questions are:   Is this correct? Is it true that there is no way to 100% secure data on a VPS from a host from seeing it, while keeping it accessable by the VPS? If it is possible to make it 100% secure, then how? If it is not possible, then what is the closest you can get to hiding data from the web host? Video editing. Audio and Video strip have different length Changing Network Interfaces name Ubuntu 16.04 I tried to change network interfaces name on this new Ubuntu 16.04 LTS version but doesn't have the /etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-net.rules.  So, I tried to use /lib/udev/write_net_rules but it not exist.  Why do I need this modification? Because I'm using a tool to Simulate virtual platforms that use flex licensing and the authentication need to be in eth0 interface name.  Any suggestion?  The command ip link returns:  user@laptop:~$ ip link  1: lo: &lt;LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP&gt; mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN mode DEFAULT group default qlen 1 link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00 2: enp6s0: &lt;NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP&gt; mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state DOWN mode DEFAULT group default qlen 1000 link/ether b8:2a:xx:yy:xx:yy brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff 3: wlp7s0: &lt;BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP&gt; mtu 1500 qdisc mq state UP mode DORMANT group default qlen 1000 link/ether 5c:e0:xx:yy:xx:yy brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff  user@laptop:~$ ifconfig  enp6s0    Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr b8:2a:xx:yy:xx:yy   lo        Link encap:Local Loopback   wlp7s0    Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 5c:e0:xx:yy:xx:yy     (Some information were ignored and suppressed)  I already tried some links: What is the purpose of delayed suspend (Ctrl-Y) in Bash? iCloud has sucked up all my laptop's files - can you transfer files directly from iCloud to Google Drive? I'm trying to disconnect my macbook from iCloud, as it's been creating some problems.  I was told by an Apple Support employee that doing so is only recommended once you've backed up everything from your Mac somewhere, to ensure you don't lose any files - so my goal is to upload everything to Google Drive before messing with my laptop's iCloud settings. The problem is, almost none of the projects that I want to back up to Google Drive are truly on my laptop - instead I mostly just have folders full of file names, which are placeholders for the real files that have been sucked into iCloud. This means I have to re-download everything to my computer before uploading it all to Google Drive. Another crucial piece of information is that I only have 1 GB of storage left on my macbook, which prevents me from re-downloading any complete projects/folders at a time. So unfortunately my current method is this: downloading 1-5 files at a time, uploading these few things to Google Drive, deleting the copies from my laptop and trash, repeat (thousands of times). So, I was wondering if anyone could offer any alternative methods for uploading stuff to Google Drive in this situation - for example, is there a way to transfer files directly from iCloud to Google Drive without having to download them to my laptop first? I should probably mention that I've scoured my laptop for duplicated files and applications I no longer use, make sure to empty my trash regularly, etc (I also asked Apple Support to help me make sure I wasn't missing out on any other ways to maximize storage space). The most obvious culprit of my lack of space is the massive 150 GB iCloud folder on my laptop, which appears to contain duplicates of everything on my computer. I can't seem to do anything about it until I've disconnected from iCloud itself (its reasons for existence are unclear to me in the first place...but that's beside the point lol).