implementing a cryptographic hash with a block cipher
Turning a cipher into a hashing function
Prevent Windows 10 from installing/updating a specific driver? It seems that the recent Synaptics driver update for Synaptics SMBus TouchPad on Windows 10 (build 100049) somehow doesn't see my middle-button. Uninstalling, and installing an older driver for Windows 8.1 from the HP site (my machine is HP EliteBook 8570w) restores the middle button functionality.    Few days later, the driver updates itself again, and I lose the middle-button.  I realize I'm running unsupported software, but is it possible to prevent updating this particular driver, without either disabling updates altogether or preventing other drivers from updating? After installing Ubuntu Studio 12.04, I have found that it uses a low latency kernel.   I searched for an explanation and how to change back it to a real-time or generic one. However, it looks like this part of Linux hasn't been covered to explain the details.   Q: Why choose a low latency kernel over a generic or real-time one?  PS: I have already read the answers from  question and  post. I am on Ubuntu 12.04 64-bits  I accidentally deleted a NTFS 255 GB partition using Gparted, and yes it contains LOTS of important data.  Upon realizing the deletion I haven't yet created any file-system on it. So it still shows Unallocated.    I tried Testdisk , but it shows entire partitions created from the beginning.  This sdb is my secondary drive with Xubuntu and Kubuntu on it. And that 255 GB NTFS  partition was cross platform storage drive.  I am currently in sda with Ubuntu and Win7 in dual boot, which enables me to use it as Safe recovery option rather then Live USB drive.   First ,  should i allocate it to ? file-System for better recovery .  Second , i really need to recover data from this drive so please give me possible  suggestions and proven methods of data recovery.  Third ,does Testdisk requires deleted partition to be allocated for its recovery .  I am currently trying the answer seen here  with Testdisk scanning for partition second time, hoping to recover it.   It looks a duplicate but i can't confirm if the OP got it right. Since my first doubt is to allocate it or not.  If any clarification required please do comment ,i will add it.  Edit: TestDisk deeper search results.      The following partitions can't be recovered:          Partition               Start        End    Size in sectors     &gt;  HPFS - NTFS          22241 107 11 55592   3 27  535777280        FAT32 LBA            274460 158 19 460576 228 16 2989957948  NTFS, 274 GB / 255 GiB &amp; for FAT32 LBA 1530 GB / 1425 GiB For example, this regex  (.*)&lt;FooBar&gt;   will match:  abcde&lt;FooBar&gt;   But how do I get it to match across multiple lines?  abcde fghij&lt;FooBar&gt; When should a verb be followed by a gerund instead of an infinitive? Some verbs are followed by ing, e.g. I enjoy swimming. We can't say I enjoy to swim. Likewise, some verbs are followed by to, e.g. I decided to make a plan.   Which particular verbs are followed by ing and to? Can you please provide a list for that?  Moreover, which verbs can be followed by both without having the meaning changed? How do I replace this cast iron toilet flange? how do you prove that $A\times (B\setminus C) = (A\times B) \setminus (A\times C)$? This is what I have come up with so far, but I am rather lost at lines 3-4...  $$\begin{align} (a,b)\in A\times (B\setminus C)\iff&amp; a\in A \land b\in (B\setminus C)\\ \iff&amp; a\in A \land (b\in B \land \lnot(b\in C))\\ \iff&amp; (a\in A \land b\in B) \land (a\in A \land b\notin C)\\ \iff&amp; (a\in A \land b\in B)\setminus (a\in A \land b\in C)\\ \iff&amp; (a,b)\in (A\times B)\setminus ((a,b)\in A\times C)\\ \iff&amp; (a,b)\in (A\times B)\setminus (A\times C) \end{align}$$ How to pop-up alert to a user when he/she navigate away from page without saving the Records in custom visual force page? Windows 10 "Enable NTFS long paths policy" option missing I'm planning to visit a summer school in the Schengen zone. What kind of visa should I apply for? I will be attending a summer school which will last 10 days.  I want to know: for applying for a Schengen visa, is the purpose of my trip considered as touristic or study? Is this noun used as an adjective? I read this recently in :     At the end of the summit, the French and European officials had   claimed a points victory over the Germans by getting them to agree   more firmly to a target date of January 1st next year to entrust the   European Central Bank (ECB) with the ultimate authority to supervise   the euro zone’s 6,000-odd banks.   "Points" is a plural, and I suppose it doesn't function as a noun in this sentence since it's following the article "a", so is it an adjective adorning "victory"? Search text within multiple pdfs and docs I got a bunch of notes written by other students, but they are from an old textbook that didn't deal with everything in the same order, so I need to search through the notes for every chapter (each individual chapter is in a different .pdf or .doc) for "trace conditioning" for example.  I used to use Google Desktop for this, I have Launchy now and I told it to search pdfs, but it only searches the titles, not the content.  Thanks for any help. Definition respective derivation of angular momentum formula I am reading An Introduction to Mechanics by Kleppner and Kolenkow (2014). On page 241 is the definition of the :      Here is the formal definition of the angular momentum $\vec{L}$ of a particle that has momentum $\vec{p}$ and is at position $\vec{r}$ with respect to a given coordinate system: $$\vec{L}=\vec{r} \times \vec{p}$$   In the book there is no explanation why this formula should be true. From this equation the formulas for torque and moment of inertia are derived.   My question is: Why is the formula above correct? Why isn't the formula for angular momentum something completely different, like $\vec{L}=\sqrt{(\vec{r} \times \vec{p})2\pi M}$? Is the formula for angular momentum just a mere definition and if not, how to derive it? How did people come across that particular formula? Number of $(0,1)$ $m\times n$ matrices with no empty rows or columns Sudoers blacklist Sometimes I hear sentences that sound conditional to me, just because of the (unassertive) ordering of the words. I don't know if I can come up with a proper example. Consider this:          I'd be a lot better, had she stayed with me.        And I guess it's equivalent to this conditional form: If she had stayed with me, I would have been a lot better.  So, this is my question: In what ways can you make a sentence conditional without using conditional conjunctions (if, unless, etc)? And what are their equivalent conditional forms? Is it possible to combine processing power of 2 computers? Why and how does C# allow accessing private variables outside the class itself when it's within the same containing class? Convert all text from uppercase to lowercase and vice versa? What is the difference between image size and image quality?