Can Galois/counter mode be used for stream ciphers (Galois/stream mode)?
Security of GCM if Implemented with Stream Cipher instead of Block Cipher
Plotting Complex Quantity Functions top x% in [tag] : rules for the tag to be taken into account? How do I change which audio jacks are used for input and output? I'm using a Realtek HD audio card built-in my motherboard. The Windows driver comes with a control panel that allows me to select which back panel jacks are used for what. So for example I can make both the blue jack and green jack for output and only the red one for mic-in. (Whereas by default, the blue jack is for line in, which I never need.)  How can I do the same under Linux? If possible, please don't suggest something that involves PulseAudio or JACK; I'd like to do it the plain way, e.g. by editing ALSA configuration files, if possible. The way I understand it, my problem should have nothing to do with software servers redirecting streams, just instructing the driver to treat this jack as so and so because it's hardware supported.  Thank you very much! Spam iCloud Calendar Invitations I was just wondering why Fresnel Lenses are not widely used in the production of solar electricity. Their use there would mean that you could produce heat within a fraction of a second, up to a few minutes and run a turbine to produce electricity.  Though it is used in welding, I am not sure what are the problems in producing electricity, as stated by :     New applications have appeared in solar energy, where Fresnel lenses can concentrate sunlight (with a ratio of almost 500:1) onto solar cells. Dimensions of symmetric and skew-symmetric matrices Is there a way to disable WAC String for a specific link (ex. Tracking Link) with AMPscript or otherwise? Integer partitions in all orderings For a specific package, can I find out why it is installed?  So, can I see or it's manually installed, or that it is installed as a dependency of another package? Or that it is installed as part of the distro? Can I re-enter the UK visa free shortly after Tier 2 visa expires? Can we clarify to the OP that their question is not yet closed and the duplicates are only suggestions? I keep seeing custom flags in the queue from question askers who are incredibly irritated because there is a big, prominent box at the top of their question. It's just a list of other questions which may have the answer they desire, and is only even displayed to them because the question is not closed yet.  This question may already have an answer here: [list]  But to an ordinary user, it is not at all clear that the box is only shown to them, or that it will go away on its own if their question never actually gets closed. Could the text for this notice be altered to make it more clear that:  They are just suggestions for the person to view. Potentially if they agree with one, they should vote to close their own question as a duplicate of it.  Their question is not closed yet. If they disagree with the duplicates suggested, they should clarify their question and explain why it's not a duplicate.   I was thinking of an altered wording such as:  You might be able to find an answer to your question here: [list] If those answers do not fully address your question, please [edit your question] to clarify your exact problem.  I went with a more direct wording for the bolded title. Since the notice is only displayed to the asker, it makes more sense to talk directly to them in the message rather than making it feel like it's supposed to be addressing the entire audience of the site. Emphasize that only that person is seeing it by talking to them. It would also be helpful to append a &quot;More info&quot; link at the end of the message that links them to some further documentation about duplicates, and explains how the notice works - particularly that it will go away eventually or change to a proper duplicate notice if the question does get closed. Run VirtualBox in background, without a window? Get the real width and height of an image with JavaScript? (in Safari/Chrome) I work behind an really annoying firewall, and I just want the net admin to add all the SE websites to the whitelist. Right now I've lost access to Stack Overflow's authentication, but not Meta's... so I have to come here before I log in there.  It's driving me nuts. Basically I just want to add an exclusion rule for all SE domains; not only the website domains, but also the content domains such as gravatar.com, quantserve.com, the domain that holds static content, etc... How to efficiently partition a single Windows-Ubuntu dual boot disk? This is not a question on  or  but is a question on access rights and how not to let them bite you in the lower abdomen...  ;-) This question will not help you how to make partitions on your disk, but will tell you what to do in , depending on your personal use case, so choose one of the following:      Note: The above questions can also be used with multiple disks, but the examples in the answers are given for one disk. Best way to strip punctuation from a string How to read from two input files using while loop I wanted to know if there is any way of reading from two input files in a nested while loop one line at a time. For example, lets say I have two files FileA and FileB.   FileA:  [jaypal:~/Temp] cat filea this is File A line1 this is File A line2 this is File A line3   FileB:  [jaypal:~/Temp] cat fileb this is File B line1 this is File B line2 this is File B line3   Current Sample Script:  [jaypal:~/Temp] cat read.sh  #!/bin/bash while read lineA     do echo $lineA      while read lineB         do echo $lineB          done &lt; fileb done &lt; filea   Execution:  [jaypal:~/Temp] ./read.sh  this is File A line1 this is File B line1 this is File B line2 this is File B line3 this is File A line2 this is File B line1 this is File B line2 this is File B line3 this is File A line3 this is File B line1 this is File B line2 this is File B line3   Problem and desired output:  This loops over FileB completely for each line in FileA. I tried using continue, break, exit but none of them are meant for achieving the output I am looking for. I would like the script to read just one line from File A and then one line from FileB and exit the loop and continue with second line of File A and second line of File B. Something similar to the following script -  [jaypal:~/Temp] cat read1.sh  #!/bin/bash count=1 while read lineA     do echo $lineA          lineB=`sed -n "$count"p fileb`         echo $lineB         count=`expr $count + 1` done &lt; filea  [jaypal:~/Temp] ./read1.sh  this is File A line1 this is File B line1 this is File A line2 this is File B line2 this is File A line3 this is File B line3   Is this possible to achieve with while loop? I have a sword that currently rotates around a pivot point thats off of the actual object. Im new to blender and im not sure how i would go about changing it so that the sword rotates around the handle. Any help would be appreciated! I'm trying to write a program in C (on Linux) that loops until the user presses a key, but shouldn't require a keypress to continue each loop.  Is there a simple way to do this? I figure I could possibly do it with select() but that seems like a lot of work.  Alternatively, is there a way to catch a ctrl-c keypress to do cleanup before the program closes instead of non-blocking io? Why does English spelling use silent letters? Why have a letter in a word when it’s silent in pronunciation, like the b in debt?  Can anyone please clarify my uncertainty here?