How do I pass the value (not the reference) of a JS variable to a function?
JavaScript closure inside loops – simple practical example
Does the shapefile support mixed geometry types (ie. point and polygon all in the same file)? Elliptic Coordinates - Inverting the transformation The standard way to transform elliptic coordinates $(\mu, \nu)$ $\ to$ Cartesian coordinates $(x,y)$:  $x = a \cosh(\mu) \cos(\nu)$  $y = a \sinh(\mu) \sin(\nu)$  Is there any way to get the transformation $(x,y)$ to $(\mu,\nu)$? Meaning is there a way to find:  $\mu = f(x,y)$  $\nu = g(x,y)$  I'm guessing that it would involve $\sinh^{-1}$'s and $\cosh^{-1}$'s, if it was possible to do this at all. What software can I use to view epub documents? What software can I use to view .epub documents? Is phonetic typing for Tamil available in Ubuntu 12.04?  How can I install it? Splitting of primes in the compositum of fields If $L_i/K$ are Galois extensions of number fields, $i=1,\ldots,n$, and $L=L_1\cdots L_n$ is the compositum. Then it's true that a prime $\mathfrak{p}$ of $K$ splits in $L$ if and only if it splits in all of $L_i$. Does this also hold if the $L_i$ are not Galois extensions of $K$?  The proof that I know regarding the compositum uses the fact that the $L_i/K$ are Galois, so is this true in the more general setting and how would one prove it? Debugging using Nvidia Nsight 2.2 in Visual Studio 2010 Why did Voldemort stop employing Occlumency against Harry in Deathly Hallows? How do I install Ubuntu to a USB key? (without using Startup Disk Creator) Is there always an equilibrium point in space for gravity? For instance, for a two-body system, there will always be a point in-between the two in which the forces of gravity completely cancel, and if I were there then I would experience no net force. I believe there is also a point, or a region, for three body systems as well. Assuming we treat the stars or planets as simply point-masses, will there always be, for any number of objects, a point, or a region, of equilibrium? Or no? Assuming I have no infinite scroll or anything else going on in my theme: Is there a way to enqueue my custom Gutenberg block styles and scripts so they are only (lazy) loaded in the front-end when the block is really used? Something like is_active_widget, just for blocks?  If I enqueue them inside a enqueue_block_assets function they're added to any site.  On github, I found this  , but it sounds like it's more on bundling than conditional load, so I still hope they didn't leave that optimization opportunity out - otherwise any other site will soon be junked with 20 additional scripts from numerous Gutenberg block plugins people install and only use once on a page (think of large image gallery block scripts for example).  Thanks &amp; Regards! I am a graduate student in mathematics who would like to learn some classical mechanics. However, there is one caveat: I am not interested in the standard coordinate approach. I can't help but think of the fields that arise in physics as sections of vector bundles (or maybe principal bundles) and would love an approach to classical mechanics or what have you that took advantage of this.  Now for the questions:   Is there a text book you would recommend that phrases the constructions in classical mechanics via bundles without an appeal to transition functions?   What are the drawbacks to this approach other than the fact that it makes computations less doable? (if it does that)   Are there benefits to thinking about things this way, ie would it be of benefit to someone attempting to learn this material to do it this way? Expected value of $|X - Y|$ Let $X \sim U(0, 1)$ and $Y \sim U(0, 2)$ be independent random variables. What's the expected value of $|X - Y|$? I found $f_{X}(x) = 1$ and $f_{Y} = \frac{1}{2}$ so that $f_{XY}(x, y) = \frac{1}{2}$ and $$\mathbb{E}[|x - y|] = \int_{0}^{1} \int_{0}^{2} \frac{|x - y|}{2} \mathop{dy} \mathop{dx},$$ but how can I compute this quantity? It looks tricky. I know the trick where you split the integral in the one-dimensional case, but I'm having trouble getting it in the two-dimensional case. What's the arc length of an implicit function? While an explicit function $y(x)$'s arc length $s$ is easily obtained as  $$s = \int \sqrt{1+|y'(x)|^2}\,dx,$$   is there any formula for implicit functions given by $f(x,y) = 0$? One can use the implicit differentiation $y'(x) = -\frac{\partial_y f}{\partial_x f}$ to obtain  $$s = \int\sqrt{1 + |\partial_y f / \partial_x f|^2}\,dx,$$  but that still requires (locally) solving for $y(x)$. Is there any formulation that does not require this, e.g. another implicit equation involving $s$?    Thoughts so far:  One could rewrite $s$ as  $$s = \int |\nabla f|\, |\partial_x f|dx,$$  or symmetrize to  $$s = \int |\nabla f|\, \underbrace{(|\partial_x f|dx + |\partial_y f|dy)}_{(*)}/2$$  where $(*)$ might be strongly related to $|df|$ I guess (though it's not identical due to the $|\cdot|$), but then? Why does US Customs & Immigration ask the purpose of my trip when I'm returning home? As a US citizen, when I re-enter the US, I am often asked where I was, how long I was there, and the reason for my visit.  Why am I asked these things?  Am I required to answer? Don't I have a legal right to enter the US (as long as I'm not doing or carrying anything illegal)?  If I were to refuse to answer these questions, would I be permitted entry?  Note: I'm not really bothered by the questions (except when the agent asking them is especially rude), I'm just curious. I always thought Java uses pass-by-reference. However, I've seen a couple of blog posts (for example, ) that claim that it isn't (the blog post says that Java uses pass-by-value). I don't think I understand the distinction they're making. What is the explanation? Punctuation with units I remember reading somewhere that if a unit is abbreviated as one character, there must not be a space between the number and the unit (e.g., 5m, 26K). If the unit is abbreviated as two or more Characters, there must be a space between the number and the unit (e.g., "10 km", "USD 5").   Can you please help me find the source again? Is this recommendation correct? In school, I have always seen sets. I was watching a video the other day about functors, and they started talking about a set being a collection, but not vice-versa. I also heard people talking about classes. What is their relation? Some background would be nice.   It has to do with something called Russell's paradox, but I don't know what that is.   I think that the difference between a family and a set is that the former is a function and the latter is a set. Is this right? Outlook, POP and PST handling Essentially I have a client who is on hosted exchange and have decided to use POP3 to download the mail (I don't know why they don't use .OST's but anyway), they rebuilt the machine and backed up their .PST file. Now their Outlook was configured to keep mail downloaded on the server for 14days.  Essentially their current PST is fairly complex, many folders and sub folders and so on. So what is the best way to handle it really - create a new Outlook profile on the rebuilt machine and download the mail via POP into a new .PST then just recreate the folders in the new pst and drag and drop the mail via attaching the backed up .pst, recreating the folders etc?  But is their an easier way to do this, maybe pointing the new account to use the original PST, but then that would download all the mail again from the server to that .PST file.  Any ideas on the best way to handle POP3 account rebuilds from scratch when you have a backed up PST? Continuous function positive at a point is positive in a neighborhood of that point Pretty much the problem asks if a function is continuous at the point $c$ and $f(c) &gt; 0$ then there exists a $d &gt; 0$ such that $\forall x$, $f(x) &gt; 0$ with $|x-c| &lt; d$.   I can understand what the problem means. That if a function is positive at a point then there is another point that's really close that'll also be positive. I can not prove this in a formal way though. I've tried using the intermediate value theorem and I do not know hot to implement it. Any ideas? If $\mathrm{Tr}(A)=0$ then $T=R^{-1}AR$ has all entries on its main diagonal equal to $0$ Prove that if $A$ is a square matrix and $\mathrm{Tr}(A)=0$, then there exists an invertible matrix $R$ such that the matrix $T=R^{-1}AR$ has all entries on its main diagonal equal to $0$.   It seems like the formula $A=S\Lambda S^{-1}$, but maybe it does not help.  Thanks so much.