Best way to turn CSV directly into Variables for Arithmetic Operation?
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Good text on Clinical Trials? I'm an undergraduate statistics student looking for a good treatment of clinical trials analysis. The text should cover the fundamentals of experimental design, blocking, power analysis, latin squares design, and cluster randomization designs, among other topics.   I have an undergraduate knowledge of mathematical statistics and real analysis, but if there's a fantastic text that requires a bit higher level of statistics or analysis, I can work up to it. Choosing colors appropriately for red-green colorblindness I want a green for "correct answer" and a red for "wrong answer". My current choice is rgb(144, 238, 144) for the green and rgb(250, 128, 114) for the red. (See wikilearner.net/wiki for the colours in action.)  I have been told that these colors are very close in contrast, making it difficult for a person with red-green color-blindness. What would be a better choice? Why do RAW images in Darktable have a lot of noise? Can the Universe be deterministic and still allow free will? Why Negative refractive index is negative Reading the extension of files in a directory with Java? I have little experience with testing and I'm being hired to work on a team where I am the only tester. I'm struggling to find the best approach for the process. Being alone should I write down a test script or not? Wouldn't it take too much time? I have no experience in writing test scripts, could anyone help with a good reference (book, video or whatever), please? Distance between two hyperplanes I have two parallel hyper planes $$a^Tx=b_1,a^Tx=b_2$$ where $a \in \mathbb{R}^n, x \in \mathbb{R}^n ,b \in \mathbb{R}$ and I want to find the distance between the two. I have read that the distance between the two hyperplanes is also the distance between the two points $x_1$ and $x_2$ where the hyperplane intersects the line through the origin and parallel to the normal vector $\vec a$. These points are given by $$x_1=\frac{b_1}{\|a\|^2_2}a$$ and $$x_2=\frac{b_2}{\|a\|^2_2}a$$ Then the distance is $|x_1-x_2|$ but I don't really understand how we got $x_1$ and $x_2$. I have a bunch of magnets (one of those game-board thingies) given to me when I was a school-going lad over 20 years ago, and the magnets feel just as strong as it was the day it was given.   As a corollary to this question , is there a way to determine how long a permanent magnet will remain a magnet?   Addendum: Would two magnets remain a magnet for a shorter duration if they were glued in close proximity with like poles facing each other? Can a wizard use his familiar's senses to enlarge his "you can see" area? How to parse JSON in iOS App Using local OpenStreetMap (*.OSM) map with Openlayers 3? What do I need to load a .OSM map in a client side javascript app? (Imagine an offline webapp). Automatically capitalise the first word in each sentence How to register my unregistered account Possible Duplicate:          I've been using my SO account for couple of days, but I am not registered and I do not want to lose all my questions. How can I register and keep my questions from my unregistered account? So I've been pulling my hair out over this for the last couple days now, I can't seem to find any solutions that work. I've fresh installed Ubuntu Gnome 16.04 on my system which has no other OS's running on it. Everything's fine aside from the fact that the default Nouveau display driver seems to be causing the UI to freeze sporadically every now and then. No problem right? Just install the proprietary drivers for my GPU and we should be golden? Well here's the thing, no matter how I try to get my GPU's drivers installed I always seem to hit some sort of issue. Here's what I've tried so far:   Switch to the proprietary driver from within the 'Software &amp; Updates' app in Ubuntu. For me the only option available is the 'NVIDIA binary driver - version 375.66 from nvidia-375 (proprietary, tested)'.    After selecting this driver it goes through the install process, asks me to 'configure secure boot' by entering a password, etc. This all seems to work fine initially until I reboot, but then before I see the login screen it seems to open a virtual terminal (usually accessed via alt+shift+F1), but then immediately boots me back to a black screen where it will flash this terminal for a split second every 4 seconds or so. I can access this terminal by using alt+shift+F1, and go on to use it as normal, but it will continually boot me back out to the black screen every few seconds. The only way I can solve this is to keep accessing the terminal each time it boots me out while I purge the nvidia drivers using sudo apt purge nvidia-*. After purging I'm then able to access the login screen and access my Ubuntu again as normal, besides having to reboot to presumably activate the Nouveau drivers again otherwise the resolution is all messed up and only one of my three monitors has anything displayed on it.    Using the steps listed  I download the latest stable/certified driver for my GPU (which as of writing this is version 384.69). However on step 3 where it instructs me to run the driver using sudo sh, I reach an issue where the installer informs me that I need to disable the Nouveau driver in order to continue. I've tried everything from uninstalling Nouveau using 'sudo apt-get remove --purge xserver-xorg-video-nouveau` to blacklisting Nouveau using the steps listed , by editing the 'nvidia-graphics-drivers.conf'.    Unfortunately no matter what I do to try and disable Nouveau the installer always informs me that the Nouveau driver is enabled and needs to be disabled in order to continue. What's funny is that I managed to install the driver using this method once before, but for the life of me I can't get it to work again.    Finally, I've attempted to install the driver by installing the PPA. I run sudo add-apt-repository ppa:graphics-drivers/ppa, sudo apt update, and finally going back into the 'Software &amp; Updates' app and select the 384.69 driver. However after going through the install process the same issue as described in my first method (1.) occurs.    I've also tried switching between gdm3 and lightdm with all 3 methods to no avail. I'm at a complete loss as to what to do. If anyone has any possible solutions I'd love to hear them, because right now I'm at the end of my tether.   If you require any further information just let me know and I'll be more than happy to provide it.   System info:   AMD FX-8350  Nvidia GeForce GT710 1gb  16gb RAM  Ubuntu Gnome 16.04 LTS In the Phone app (iPhone 5, iOS 6.1.2), I click on a contact's number, the call is initiated and starts ringing.   For a brief moment at this point, the label of the number (home / work / etc…) is displayed alongside the contact's name, but it quickly is removed and replaced with the call timer counting up and only the name (and picture of the contact) are shown.      How can I see the number that is being called during a phone call? jQuery Validate Plugin - How to create a simple custom rule? Encode URL in JavaScript? Do we say "-1 thing" or "-1 things"?  I am interested in both      two things minus one thing(s)    and      minus/negative one thing(s) How to change radius/weight of curve bezier? try scaling, change radius, but its dont work