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$E(|X-Y|)$ for $X$, $Y$ i.i.d and uniform on $[0,1]$ What is $E|X-Y|$ when $X$, $Y$ are i.i.d and uniform on $[0,1]$?   I want to do something like   $$ E(|X-Y|)=\iint_{x&gt;y}(x-y)\;dxdy+\iint_{y&gt;x}(y-x)\;dxdy=2\iint_{x&gt;y} (x-y)\;dxdy $$  But am not sure how to solve that last double integral or if this setup is right. How does RNA transcription determine which half of the DNA to use? I feel that I might have a complete misunderstanding here. If DNA has two strands, how does the machinery of RNA transcription determine which one to transcribe? Can't access my home directory "Encrypted private directory is not setup properly" Hi I'm trying to access my home directory on my laptop hard drive through a live usb. I cannot boot into the OS on the hard drive and the home and root directory is encrypted. I have the encryption key but when I try to run the tool to gain access it pops up for a second then disappears and when I run the command in Terminal it says "Encrypted private directory is not setup properly". What are my options on getting into the directory? I really need to get the data off my laptop. Can the Force be used to fly? Configure long table caption Is "this Monday" or "next Monday" the correct way to refer to the very next Monday in the future? Possible Duplicate:          When I refer to the very next Monday that will occur in the future, I say "next Monday". Some colleagues refer to it as "this Monday", with "next Monday" meaning the second Monday which will occur in the future (I would refer to that as "Monday week", "this Monday" to me would mean the most recent Monday in the past).  Are these both acceptable usages, or is one more correct than the other? What's a word like "disregard" or "bypass" that means "hides"? I frequently need to do the following things in MySQL:   Create a non-root user Set that user's password Grant that user all privileges Make a database with the same name as the new user Allow usage only for users from the localhost.   Previously I did this using PHPmyadmin, but I would prefer doing it directly from BASH. Is there a CLI way to execute these steps? Does the cross-entropy cost make sense in the context of regression? Does the cross-entropy cost make sense in the context of regression (as opposed to classification)? If so, could you give a toy example through TensorFlow? If not, why not?   I was reading about cross-entropy in  by Michael Nielsen and it seems like something that could naturally be used for regression as well as classification, but I don't understand how you'd apply it efficiently in TensorFlow since the loss functions take logits (which I don't really understand either) and they're listed under classification How to appeal to undelete an answer deleted by moderator? How can someone make an appeal to un-delete an answer that was deleted by a moderator?    There should at least be an appeal/vote process, if the deletion was unfair. Moderators are humans like rest of us, and they can be unjust. LaTeX baffled by BOM---Unicode's byte order mark. Unicode applies the convention of using a  as signature at the beginning of a text stream, identifying the encoding used within it. The following three bytes at the beginning of a file: EF BB BF, identifies this file as a UTF8 file. Vi and most text editors gracefully ignore this signature. Open office does that as well, but it adds this signature at the beginning.  Now, if I open a TeX file with OpenOffic.org, and I do that quite a lot (for mixed directionality editing), the signature is added, and baffles LaTeX, which produces an error message such as:   ! LaTeX Error: Missing \begin{document}.   See the LaTeX manual or LaTeX Companion for explanation.  Type  H &lt;return&gt;  for immediate help.  ...                                                l.1   ��\documentclass{article}   whereas a simple dump of the file does not show the problem. Is there a way to eliminate this problem, while staying in the realm of latex? How to figure if it is safe to travel to the area I am interested in? When planning a trip, I like to make sure I will feel safe enough (I am talking about war/terrorism risk, not pickpockets), or at least I like to have an idea about the risks. I know the risk could be subject to political views (for example the political stability of a region might not be acknowledged by every country) and therefore I am mostly interested in a Western country view.  In order to figure that, I thought about checking travel operators offers. I suppose if they do not organise trips to a specific region, it might be due to political instability risks. But it might be due to a lack of tourist interest too. As I tend to travel without their help, I am not really considering this kind of source as very helpful.  So I am interested in one (or two, for cross-checking) source(s) of information with a western view (I mean I understand the view could be biased) regarding the security of ideally any area in the world. My expectation is that, the same way I can browse a tour operator's catalog of visited areas, I could browse through the areas and see if it is recommended or not to travel there. How to line up the pieces at the coast near the shipwreck? In The Witness, I was walking along the coast, and I came upon this:    Now, since I've learned      that mazes can be embedded in the environment,   I see the puzzle here, but I just can't get the pieces to line up well enough.  Standing on the couch and walking all around it doesn't seem to get me a       functional maze.   Where do I need to stand to activate the puzzle successfully? Derivation of $E=pc$ for a massless particle? In classical mechanics, massless particles don't exist because for $m=0$, $p=0$.  The relativistic relation between energy, mass and spatial momentum is: $E^2= (pc)^2 + (mc^2)^2$ . So it is said that setting $m=0$ in the first equation you get $E=pc$.  How could setting $m=0$ in that equation give you $E=pc$ whilst $p$ appears in the equation and we know $p=γmu$? If you set $m=0$ you will have indeterminacy due to "$γm$". It seems to me like we are doing a "trick" in order to get the $E=pc$. Perhaps there is another proof for this relation? In java SSL over https without certificate Is it possible to Pivot data using LINQ? I am wondering if it is possible to use LINQ to pivot data from the following layout:  CustID | OrderDate | Qty 1      | 1/1/2008  | 100 2      | 1/2/2008  | 200 1      | 2/2/2008  | 350 2      | 2/28/2008 | 221 1      | 3/12/2008 | 250 2      | 3/15/2008 | 2150   into something like this:  CustID  | Jan- 2008 | Feb- 2008 | Mar - 2008 | 1       | 100       | 350       |  250 2       | 200       | 221       | 2150 How do I change how executable files are handled by the file manager? When I double click on text files, nautilus asks me what I would like to do with them. I find this to be intrusive, as I just want them to open.  How can I fix this?  Note: This question is a "canonical" question on the subject; edit if needed. Note 2: Text files can be HTML, CSS, TXT, and more. How can I boot with an older kernel version? The latest kernel is causing problems with my sound, which worked fine with an older version. As I have only Ubuntu installed, Grub is not getting displayed while booting. How can I manually choose my kernel version while booting? Children's fantasy series with a symbol consisting of a circle divided into quarters I read this book series as a kid back in the late 1970s, so it's an old series - and my memories are similarly old, and vague.   I know it's a fantasy series. I think there are 4 books in the series. Or perhaps 7.  There's a central boy character who has to get a collection of magical objects (every fantasy needs a quest!), each of which represents a different magical 'element': wood, stone, fire, etc. I definitely remember there was a wooden object. He lives in our normal world. The whole series takes place "here &amp; now". I have a feeling he's a "chosen" person of some kind... But, the strongest memory I have is of a symbol: a circle which is divided into quarters (a vertical bar and a horizontal bar).  I know it's vague, but does anyone recognise this? How to not count blank pages in frontmatter of two-sided document