How can I make my flashdrive persistent?
How do I install Ubuntu to a USB key? (without using Startup Disk Creator)
Is it possible to assign the same value to multiple keys in a dict object at once? Is there a way to see the pokestops and gyms on a map? I'm on vacation on a pretty rural area and there is only 3 pokestops and a gym around me. I wonder how many pokestops and gyms are near my house in another city.   Is there a way to see pokestops and gyms in other places in a map (preferably online)?    There seems so be loads of websites linked. While posting your own website is allowed (as long as it answers the question properly) please keep in mind that stating your affiliation is required (Add something like "Disclaimer: I own this website" to the end of your answer) in order to avoid being spam flagged. Why is the picture not inserted? How far into space does one have to travel to see the entire sphere of earth? Virgin Galactic will take passengers aboard SpaceShipTwo  above the surface of the earth. But from this altitude, passengers will only be able to see a certain segment of the curvature of the earth through .  How much further into space would SpaceShipTwo have to travel to give passengers a view of the entire sphere of earth through one of these windows? Is there a way to offset an edge? (extrude edge loop perpendicular to each edge) I recently figured out how to do it with faces, but with edges, I can't seem to get it to work. I have a complex flat plane and i need to extend an edge loop. I tried setting to individual origins in combination with all possibilities for x,y,z axes in global and local, but it is still not extruding along the normals.   actual problem   simplified Can I force an iPhone user to upgrade an application? When proving $\bar x$ and $S^2$ are independent in my noted it says that "functions of independent quantities are independent ". Can someone tell me how functions of independent quantities are independent happen?  Also let $X_1,X_2,X_3,\dots,X_n$ be a random sample.And suppose we want to estimate parameter $\theta$ using $T(x)$ as an estimator. In this I have a expression as $E\{ [  T(X)-E(T(X))][E(T(x)-\theta)]\}$.  I want to know if I can say that in $[T(X)-E(T(X))]$ since $E(T(X)$ (expected value is a one particular fixed value) and $T(X)$ are independent of one another. Also the expression $[E(T(x)-\theta)]$ is independent of $X$.  Hence the two expressions $[T(X)-E(T(X))]$ and $[E(T(x)-\theta)]$  are independent of one another. So that I can use if $a,b$ are independent $E(ab)=E(a)E(b)$ form I'd like to understand  and its contents as to what it implies in a bit simpler terms. I am familiar with mathematics unto Calculus 1,2,3 and some linear algebra and group theory. I am familiar with that for each symmetry there is a conservation law.    Now is there a one-one correspondence between these two always? What about laws like conservation of charge?  And conservation of energy?  And conservation of mass?  Considering our view of nature was changed as Special Relativity was introduced and thus, what earlier the theorem would have asserted as mass and energy to be originating from different symmetries then how did we reconcile these two as just one symmetry? How can I add a second hard drive to a previously configured UEFI/ACHI Windows 8 machine? Recently purchased a new Windows 8 PC.  It came with one hard drive.  I want to a second hard drive to it.  This second hard drive is my data hard drive from my previous computer.  However, I have run into issues when the system accesses it.  The drive is found in the BIOS. But is not seen by Explorer or Disk Management.  I have added the drive to the next available SATA slot:  SATA 2.  The machine is a UEFI/ACHI based machine.  In my reading I have found people documenting the following:  1) adding multiple partitioned hard drives (like mine is) to UEFI based machines is not  possible 2) I have seen it suggested that you can only add blank hard drives to UEFI based machines.  However, in doing so, I did not have success.  I tried to add it as a hard drive with unallocated space and then as a hard drive with a single simple partition.  Both attempts failed.  My ultimate question:  What is the proper procedure for adding a second hard drive to a UEFI/ACHI machine?  I do not want to reinstall the OS and start from scratch as I have seen suggested elsewhere.  There has to be a way to accomplish this without all that hassle.  Thanks in advance for your help. My objective here is really simple -- I'm trying to set an NSString to some test data, then return the class, which should be NSString. Here's my code:  NSString* stringer = [NSString stringWithFormat: @"Test"]; NSLog(@"%@", [stringer class]);   The log says that the class is NSCFString, not NSString. What's going on here? zsh: excluding files from a pattern Say I have the following files:   |-- bar `-- foo     |-- type_A_1     |-- type_A_2     |-- type_B_1     |-- type_B_2     |-- type_B_xx     |-- type_B_xx     `-- something_else    I thought the following command  print -l foo/*~{type_B*}   would print everything under foo except things that start with type_B but it doesn't, instead it prints everything under foo:  foo/type_A_1 foo/type_A_2 foo/type_B_1 foo/type_B_2 foo/type_B_xx foo/something_else   I also tried print -l foo/*~type_B and got the same thing.  How does the exception wildcard ~ work in zsh? UV coordinates on a deformed plane I added a plane to a scene, subdivided it, and deformed it with proportional editing:    I'd like to UV unwrap this plane, making the mapping what the would have been without the edit mode deformations. In other words, I'd like my UV map to look like a square grid.  Is it possible to UV map this deformed plane to a square grid? Or do I need to start from scratch, and make sure I unwrap it before I do the edits? Proving $v(s,p)=2^{p-1}(2s-1)$ is a bijection of natural numbers and $f(s)=2s-1$ is a bijection between natural numbers and odd numbers. How do I prove this function is bijective? $$ v(s,p)=2^{p-1}(2s-1). $$ The domain is natural numbers and the codomain is also the natural numbers.  And this one: $$ f(s)=2s-1. $$ The domain is the natural numbers, and the codomain is the odd numbers in the natural numbers.  With this one I would do this to show it's injective: $$ \begin{align} v(s)&amp;=v(s_1)\\ \implies 2s-1&amp;=2s_1-1\\ \implies (2s_1)/2&amp;=(2s_2)/2\\ \implies s=s_1 \end{align} $$ So it's injective since if $v(s)=v(s_1)$ then $s=s_1$.  And to show it's surjective $f(s)=y$: $$ \begin{align} y&amp;=2s-1\\ \implies s&amp;=(y+1)/2 \end{align} $$ Then the function must be surjective since every $y$ is the same as the codomain for $f$.  Am I correct? Why does local fn=$(...) mask the $? status code Two function definitions, the only difference is that the first combines the local storage keyword with the assignment, while the second separates them:  function foo {     local fn=$(mktemp -p /path/does/not/exist 2&gt;/dev/null)     echo $? }  function bar {     local fn     fn=$(mktemp -p /path/does/not/exist 2&gt;/dev/null)     echo $? }  foo bar   This echoes "0" then "1". I expect it to echo "1" then "1". It seems like the value of $? is the result of the assignment to local, rather than the result of the command substitution.  Why does bash 4.2.46(1)-release behave this way? How to calculate $(G/H)/(K/H)$? I have a group $G=\mathbb{Z}_{36}$ with normal subgroups $K$ and $H$, where $H$ is also a normal subgroup of $K$. What I'm really supposed to find is a bijection between $G/K$ and $(G/H)/(K/H)$ by using the third isomorphism theorem. I have already calculated $G/K$, $G/H$ and $K/H$, but I do not really know how to calculate $(G/H)/(K/H)$. Say that one of the elements in $G/H$ is $\{0,18\}$ and one of the elements in $K/H$ is $\{0,18\}$. Will one of the elements in $(G/H)/(K/H)$ be as follows? $$\{0,18\}+\{0,18\} = \{0+0,18+18\}=\{0,36\}=\{0\}$$ Another way I'm thinking it's possible to caluclate is $$\{0,18\}+\{0,18\} = \{0+0,0+18,18+0,18+18\}=\{0,18,18,36\}=\{0,18\}$$ Is any of these a correct way of calculating an element in $(G/H)/(K/H)$? Goal: I have a function $f(x,y)=z$ (two variables for illustration only) which I know almost nothing about--it has a compact domain which I can determine, it is non-negative, and bounded above.  My goal is to find the maximum value $f(x,y)$ takes on its domain.  I can query the function and I know the values at a few points: $f(x_1, y_1)=z_1, f(x_2, y_2)=z_2,..., f(x_n, y_n)=z_n$.  Optimization via Linear Regression:  I have used linear regression (and related methods like the lasso) to model functions like this in the past; this is the method that I am very comfortable with.  Typically, I might try to find a polynomial (of degree $k$) which relatively accurately models the data. The end result would be to say that:   $$f(x,y)\approx \beta_1 + \beta_2 x + \beta_3 y + \beta_4 x^2 + \beta_5 xy + \beta_6 y^2 + ... + \beta_{m}y^{k}.$$  Determining the coefficients is done by solving the .  The "best degree" for the polynomial might be determined using $k$-fold cross validation.  Once the "best" polynomial has been determined, one can choose any of a number of methods to optimize it (Newton's method, gradient descent, hill climbing, etc).  Then, if all goes well, the optimal value on the polynomial corresponds to an optimal value of $f(x,y)$.  Bayesian Optimization:  Recently, I was describing this technique (linear regression) to a colleague who asked: "What is the difference between that and Bayesian Optimization?"  I've been attempting to answer this question for the last couple days, and so far I don't have anything really conclusive.  After reading , trying to read  and getting stuck reading  I think I understand the following about BO:   Start with a prior (a guess as to what family of functions the black box belongs to... or at least some family of functions which you believe might be able to describe $f$ well).  It looks using a  as a prior is popular. Specify whatever is needed to build your prior (for GP this is a covariance function). As you go along, you maintain two evolving functions, a "mean" function $m(x,y)$ and a "confidence interval" function $c(x,y)$.  Basically, you can predict the value at any point by evaluating $m(x,y)$ and you are confident that $f(x,y)\in [m(x,y)-c(x,y), m(x,y)+c(x,y)]$. Bayesian optimization provides a systematic way of updating/exploiting the model by alternatively selecting points where the confidence interval is wide (you are very uncertain about the value) or at optimal points on the model $m(x,y)$.   My Question: Is it fair/correct to say that the major difference between Bayesian Optimization and simply optimizing the linear regression model is that Bayesian Optimization provides the systematic way of sampling with the goal of optimizing the model and reducing uncertainty whereas the linear regression model ignores the idea of uncertainty and doesn't explicitly provide a means of updating the model?  Said another way, is the linear regression model an example of what might be a "mean" function $m(x,y)$ in Bayesian Optimization?  If I stick with linear regression, specify how to compute the uncertainty, and provide a means of updating/improving the model (exploit/explore) am I just doing Bayesian Optimization (without calling it that)?  Background: My background is in pure mathematics (graph theory) but my new job has me working with a lot of data (so I'm self learning statistics).  With that in mind, my statistics vocabulary is somewhat limited (so I appreciate answers that either avoid technical terminology or briefly explain any technical terminology used)--for example, Monday was the first time I heard/read the word "prior" used in a stats sense and I'm still not 100% sure I understand that correctly. Image with axis Should Stack Exchange have a spam filter? (Does it already and I’m not aware?) Of course spam posts should be flagged, and if they come up in review, rejected.  Over on Mi Yodeya during the past 24 hours I’ve helped delete and reject four spam posts through the review queue, and I can only imagine that others were posted over the course of the night. To clarify, I’m referring to edits and answers that were about 99.274% words that I don’t think any decent person would use in everyday discussions, even if someone got them really angry.   Thing is, if the only thing we can do as a community is delete his posts/reject his edits, and as moderators to ban his account, can’t he just create a new account? Further, some of these posts . Maybe the mods can ban his IP address? I’m not one, so I have no idea what kind of power they wield in that respect. But he can always just get a new computer.   I don’t have the numbers to see what this is like on other sites, but I know this doesn’t happen often on Mi Yodeya. I wonder, then, whether this is the optimal solution, or whether an automatic spam filter be put into place - say, a new review queue that automatically deletes posts or rejects edits that can then be voted on whether to be reposted if it’s a false alarm. Perhaps it can be automatically triggered by certain keywords (like ****, %$#^, or @$+^).   Now, all of these posts that I voted to delete/reject came up in Suggested Edits and First Posts. Maybe such edits would show up in Low Quality in general, and that just wasn’t the case here because of precedence rules. I don’t know. But perhaps the above would be a better solution, if this is even as big of a problem as I’m making it out to be. How to encode the filename parameter of Content-Disposition header in HTTP? Web applications that want to force a resource to be downloaded rather than directly rendered in a Web browser issue a Content-Disposition header in the HTTP response of the form:  Content-Disposition: attachment; filename=FILENAME  The filename parameter can be used to suggest a name for the file into which the resource is downloaded by the browser.  (Content-Disposition), however, states in  (The Filename Parameter) that the file name can only use US-ASCII characters:     Current [RFC 2045] grammar restricts   parameter values (and hence   Content-Disposition filenames) to   US-ASCII.  We recognize the great   desirability of allowing arbitrary   character sets in filenames, but it is   beyond the scope of this document to   define the necessary mechanisms.   There is empirical evidence, nevertheless, that most popular Web browsers today seem to permit non-US-ASCII characters yet (for the lack of a standard) disagree on the encoding scheme and character set specification of the file name. Question is then, what are the various schemes and encodings employed by the popular browsers if the file name “naïvefile” (without quotes and where the third letter is U+00EF) needed to be encoded into the Content-Disposition header?  For the purpose of this question, popular browsers being:   Firefox  Internet Explorer  Safari Google Chrome  Opera I'm trying to connect to a sandbox using the sfdx cli and the JWT flow through force:auth:jwt:grant. According to , we can use the same connected app information from Production to connect to our Scratch Org.  Is it something that should work for sandbox too ? I'm getting a "Failed: Not approved" error.  Connected app in sandbox comes from the refresh but has a different consumer key. The Permission set is set correctly on my user.  Is there a way to connect to a recently refreshed sandbox using the JWT flow (without manually changing something like the consumer key) ?