Windows 7 all files "access denied" after Trojan attack
How can I remove malicious spyware, malware, adware, viruses, trojans or rootkits from my PC?
Prima facie this is impossible but perhaps someone has some kind of hack to do it. This is one of the last things holding me back from switching to Gmail from Pine.  To be clear, bouncing a message is like forwarding but leaving all the headers intact. It sort of amounts to spoofing the email, which perhaps is why Gmail doesn't support it. To the recipient of a bounced email, it seems as if they were just BCC'd. Safely moving and creating new tempdb files Two things I'd like to know:   how do you safely move tempdb with minimal downtime? how many tempdb files do you need?   Is it 1 file per core? So quad-core = 4 tempdb files, creating three new ones? In the film and book series, Year 4 (Goblet of Fire), how is it Mad-Eye Moody/Barty Crouch could see Harry through his Magical Eye even when he was under the Invisibility Cloak?  As the cloak is a True Invisibility cloak, immune to charms and spells, and according to legend invisible to even Death, how did Mad-Eye detect Harry Potter under the cloak? How Nagini and Mrs. Norris were able to sense Harry were through other senses, such as smell and warmth, but not visually.  I'm referring to the scene/chapter where Snape follows Harry at night. Harry hides under the Invisibility Cloak but his foot is stuck at the broken staircase. Eventually Mad-Eye arrives, sees Harry through his Magical Eye, and talks Snape away. Interpret geometrically the equation The function $f$ is convex when:  $$f(tx+ (1-t)x', ty + (1-t)y') ≤  tf(x,y) + (1-t)f(x', y')$$  for all numbers $0≤t≤1$ and all pairs of points $(x,y)$ and $(x',y')$ in the domain of $f$ (the whole of $R^2$)  How would I interpret this geometrically? Also what is an example of a convex function whose graph is not a plane? Word 2010 Number of pages without first page I show the number of pages as 1 / 4, with 4 being the total number of pages. But I do not want to count the first page.  Important: I know how to do it for the current page number (Starting at ..), I mean the total number of pages.  So if the document has one cover page + 3 pages, I want to show it as 1/3, 2/3 ..., not as 1/4. Why are there 2 packages for some applications (e.g. Chromium) in Ubuntu Software? Convergence of the series $\sum a_n$ implies the convergence of $\sum \frac{\sqrt a_n}{n}$, if $a_n>0$ I need help to solve following problem from Rudin's Mathematical analysis book:    Convergence of the series $\sum a_n$  implies the convergence of $\sum \dfrac{\sqrt {a_n}}{n}$, if $a_n&gt;0$  I tried to construct a suitable convergence sequence $b_n$ such that $\sum b_n$ converges and $a_n \leq b_n$ but, I am not able to find such sequence $b_n$ .  Thanks for the help and sugestions. Create Case thread Id using Apex (SOQL limit-proof) There are many posts about creating Case threadIds with Apex, notably   As the posters have noted, the SFDC rules of the threadId are subject to change over time and the only reliable way that I've seen is to do   // To be replaced with a real case Id. Id caseId = '500c0000008kJL5';   List&lt;Messaging.RenderEmailTemplateBodyResult&gt; renderResults =   Messaging.renderEmailTemplate(null, caseId, new List&lt;String&gt;{'{!Case.Thread_Id}'});  System.debug('this is the Case Thread Id: ' + renderResults[0].getMergedBody());   HOWEVER ... The method call Messaging.renderEmailTemplate burns a SOQL ()  So you can't prepopulate your Cases in an afterInsert or beforeUpdate Trigger because a transaction can be up to 2,000 (Platform Events), up to 10,000 (direct Apex DML) or more, typically, 200 rows.  All of these are > 100 SOQL limit.     So, before I go to the trouble of doing this in a chained set of async   tasks; is there more recent thinking on this subject of creating ThreadIds? I am solving a clustering problem on a trivial dataset with the k-means algorithm. I am running a couple of tests and, from time to time, one centroid doesn't attract any points, i.e. I've got an empty cluster (see the purple "x" in the picture).  What should I do? Shall I delete it or just stop updating its value? Why?    I am aware that built-in functions (e.g., kmeans() in R) have automatic ways of dealing with this situation, but I am trying to write the standard algorithm from scratch. As soon as I fix it I'll be able to compare my results to built-in functions. At this moment I'm looking for some theoretical reasons why I should prefer one solution or another.  In the picture each colour represents a cluster according to the current iteration and each "X" is its centroid (old ones have been kept and marked with the number of the iteration in which they were computed).      [Some related links about empty cluster case, added later by @ttnphns: ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ] I would like to transfer files between two remote hosts using on local shell, but it seems rsync doesn't support synchronisation if two remotes are specified as follow:  $ rsync -vuar host1:/var/www host2:/var/www The source and destination cannot both be remote.   What other workarounds/commands I could use to achieve similar results? Strange folder in my home folder after a failed run of BleachBit Galois Group of $\sqrt{2+\sqrt{2}}$ over $\mathbb{Q}$ What do you call a person who is your friend only because you benefit them? Looking for a word to describe a person who only makes friends to benefit themselves. Analytic continuation of a power series 2 Another Qual question here,  For the function $$\sum_{n=0}^\infty z^{2^n}$$,  Prove the following:  i) $f$ converges to a function analytic in the open unit disk $D$,  ii) $f(z) =z+f(z^2)$ and  iii) $f(z)$ can not be analytically continued past any point on the unit circle.  I can even see (ii) very easily, but I can not see how can I prove rigorously (i) and  (iii). Help please. NSArray becomes NSCFArray when passed This is my first time posting on Math exchange. I have been self-teaching myself Mathematics and recently started learning some Algebra. I was posed the following questions, in which I would like to answer before I proceed, but having some trouble finding proper solutions. So the format will be question, and my answer.      What name do we give an element $a \in \mathbb{Z}_n$ that has a multiplicative inverse?   A modular multiplicative inverse of an integer $a$ is an integer $x$ such that $ax \cong 1 (\mod m)$. This means that the remainder after dividing $ax$ by integer $m$ is equal to $1$.      Give an example, for some $n \in \mathbb{N}$, of an element of $\mathbb{Z}_n$, that does not have a multiplicative inverse?   This question is throwing me off because - does the $n$ we speak of matter for both $n \in \mathbb{N}$ and $\mathbb{Z}_n$ ot solely $n$? My guess here would be $0$ because we cannot have an inverse of $0$.      Prove that multiplicative inverse are unique; an element $a \in \mathbb{Z}_n$ cannot have two multiplicative inverses.    Suppose that an element $a\in\mathbb{Z}_n$ has an inverse $a'$. Next, suppose that $a^*$ is also an inverse of $a$. Then, $a'$ is a solution to $a \cdot_n x=1$, and similarly $a^*$ has a solution to $a \cdot_n x=1$.   Lemma: Suppose $a'$ is multiplicative inverse of $a$ in $\mathbb{Z}_n$, then for any $b \in \mathbb{Z}_n$ the equation $a \cdot_n x=b$ has a unique solution, such that $x = a' \cdot_n b$.   By Lemma, equation $a \cdot_n x = 1$ has a unique solution, namely $x=a'=a^*$. Therefore, an element $a\in \mathbb{Z}_n$ cannot have two multiplicative inverses.    Thank you for the help. I would love any constructive feedback for these. If you can help me elaborate on some ideas, that would be really helpful also.  Thank you very much! We roll a six-sided die ten times. What is the probability that the total of all ten rolls is divisible by 6? So the question is really hard I think. I tried using a simple way by calculating the probability of each combination that makes a sum divisible by six, but it would take forever. Does anyone have any ideas?  Suppose that we roll a six-sided die ten times. What is the probability that the total of all ten rolls is divisible by six? I have several spreadsheets with information I need to consolidate, each with different (and sometimes overlapping) portions of the final data set I'm hoping to create. Typically, combining spreadsheets with similar data is easy to do by dumping all the data into one sheet and using Remove Duplicates. However, I want to make sure that the line items which are left represent the latest version of the duplicates.  I will be importing the following data from each spreadsheet:   A unique identifier field, (UID) which identifies the subject of the line item and will be used to spot duplicates between the input sheets. A status field, (STATUS) which will have information about the item called out in the unique identifier field. A date field, (DATE) which will contain the date the imported data was originally written.   What I need is for my output to contain only one line item for each UID, and have data from the STATUS field which matches the most recent DATE for that UID from the input sheets.  What is the easiest way to do this in Excel? I'm looking to get the result of a command as a variable in a Windows batch script (see  for the bash scripting equivalent).  A solution that will work in a .bat file is preferred, but other common windows scripting solutions are also welcome. What's wrong with this derivation that $i\hbar = 0$?