Get the field type of FieldItemList
How do I programmatically get the field type of a specific field?
Is verifying ISOs downloaded from the official website worthwhile? I downloaded the ISO from , selecting the default "Ubuntu Desktop" option.  The website links the page  which gives instructions how to verify ubuntu.  This seems pretty tedious, and I am wondering how realistic it is that there is a problem with ISO downloaded from the official website. I note that the process of verification itself requires me to download software that is new to me, thus introducing another attack vector on me even as I am closing another one.  For what it's worth, I am planning to use Live USB only and not to fully install Ubuntu. Does that make a difference? Existence in ZF of a set with countable power set Is it consistent with ZF for there to exist a set $S$ such that the power set $P(S)$ is countable? If so, what is the weakest form of the axiom of choice needed to prove that no such set exists? Are PDO prepared statements sufficient to prevent SQL injection? Let's say I have code like this:  $dbh = new PDO("blahblah");  $stmt = $dbh-&gt;prepare('SELECT * FROM users where username = :username'); $stmt-&gt;execute( array(':username' =&gt; $_REQUEST['username']) );   The PDO documentation says:     The parameters to prepared statements don't need to be quoted; the driver handles it for you.   Is that truly all I need to do to avoid SQL injections?  Is it really that easy?  You can assume MySQL if it makes a difference.  Also, I'm really only curious about the use of prepared statements against SQL injection.  In this context, I don't care about XSS or other possible vulnerabilities. What does the word treats mean in this context? I don't think it means entertainment, food, drink etc.. Maybe it is an old usage of this word? Does it mean influencing factors or something like that?  This is the first part of the title of the first chapter of the novel "Oliver Twist" by Charles Dickens. The whole title reads:     Treats of the Place Where Oliver Twist was Born and of the Circumstances Attending His Birth If a Matrix Has Only Zero as an Eigen-Value Then It Is Nilpotent I am trying to represent trade flows on a world map where the size and direction of arrows indicate the exports/imports of a given country.  This type of map is commonly found in magazines and newspapers. However, I find it extremely difficult to make.   Is there any function in ArcGIS for Desktop or any free software that would help me in making it? The moderator agreement is visible at the following URL:       I acknowledge and agree that as a moderator for Stack Exchange Inc.      I will abide by the then-current Terms of Service of Meta Stack   Exchange, and other moderator policies made available to me,      I acknowledge that I may have access to potentially   personally-identifying information about Meta Stack Exchange users and   that in connection with such access      I will use such information solely in accordance with the then-current   Privacy Policy of Meta Stack Exchange,      I will not disclose this information to anyone,      I will not store or copy this information and      I will only use such information in connection with performance as a   Meta Stack Exchange moderator for the benefit of Meta Stack Exchange.      I acknowledge and agree that I am an independent volunteer moderator   to Meta Stack Exchange and I am not an employee, agent or   representative of Stack Exchange Inc., and I have no authority to bind   Stack Exchange Inc. in any manner. Stack Exchange Inc. reserves the   right to terminate my privileges as a moderator at any time without   warning.   It hasn't been updated with the new company name and still refers to Stack Exchange Inc. instead of Stack Overflow (Inc.?). How can I extract text from images?  I am not talking about scanned files, but garden variety images, such as when you take a high-def picture of a blackboard at class, and it is nicely handwritten; or when you photograph a page from a recipe book and want the recipe in text format.  Any free and open software for that?  I tried tesseract, and the results were awful. How do I boot into a root shell? When booting to the graphical desktop fails we sometimes are recommended to boot into a "root shell" or to boot in "recovery mode".  How do I do that? Why don't websites immediately display their text these days? I've noticed that recently many websites are slow to display their text. Usually, the background, images and so on are going to be loaded, but no text. After some time the text starts appearing here and there (not always all of it at the same time).  It basically works the opposite as it used to, when the text was displayed first, then the images and the rest was loading afterwards. What new technology is creating this issue? Any idea?  Note that I'm on a slow connection, which probably accentuates the problem.  See below for an example - everything's loaded but it takes a few more seconds before the text is finally displayed: why does loop-cut-and-slide ignore some faces but not others? why does the loop-cut-and-slide operation ignore certain faces but happily cut others?the model is symmetrical so it is a bit strange to pick 3 faces that won't get cut. I tried applying it to see if it was just a graphics glitch causing the purple line to not display over everything, but it did end up cutting only what the line was selecting, instead of the whole mesh.    as requested,here's a paste of the blend: I'm being asked to find 2 subgroups of $S_3$, one of which is normal and one that isn't normal. I guess, to find the non normal subgroup is easier. I would do this by trial and error, but since the group is $S_3$ and easily visualizable, I guess that there should be a geometrical property that makes it easy to find a normal subgroup. Any of you guys know one? Or should I try this by brute force? I observe the following strange characters ^@ in syslog at the time when my machine freezes.  Then i have to hardboot my machine.  What could be wrong any ideas?  Oct 12 12:20:52 nanak-P570WM anacron[1074]: Normal exit (1 job run) ^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@  Oct 12 12:24:28 nanak-P570WM kernel: imklog 5.8.11, log source = /proc/kmsg started. Oct 12 12:24:28 nanak-P570WM rsyslogd: [origin software="rsyslogd" swVersion="5.8.11" x-pid="543" x-info="http://www.rsyslog.com"] start How does comment voting and flagging work? Comments can now be upvoted and flagged. How do those features work? Do users get rep for their upvoted comments? Do upvoted comments have any effect on comment sorting? And can users see their own comment upvote number somewhere?  Related:  The  about comments Once a post has been edited, you can go into the revision list, and click "View Source".  If a post has not been edited (and I don't have the edit privilege) is there any way to see the raw Markdown?  The reason I ask I because of  - it's impossible to see the source markdown, and how it's different from the rendered Markdown.  Not exactly a huge issue, just curious! There has been talk of how to answer a negative question without ambiguity, most often with a qualifying phrase needed for clarification. (For example, "yes, I do"/"no, I don't.)  I've noticed that other languages have a single word to address a negative question on the contrary. In German, ja means yes and nein means no. Alternatively, doch is used to respond in the positive to a negative question, in essence meaning "No, I intend to do the opposite of what your question presumes."  Take for example the question, "You don't want to go to the movie then?" German speakers could simply reply, "nein" if they don't want to go or they would say "doch" if they did want to go; an unambiguously positive response to a negatively phrased question. No need for, "no, I actually would like to go" or "yes, I'll come actually". In French, the respective equivalents of ja, nein, and doch are oui, non, and si. I imagine many other languages contain this set as well.  I am wondering whether there was at one time an equivalent word in the English language that has since (unfortunately) disappeared. Any ideas? Why isn't this sudo mv operation with wildcard working? Delete an old Facebook account Two years ago somebody made a fanpage for our company, but that person doesn't work here anymore. We don't have any login or password. We like to see that account be deleted, please. What is Elrond's position/status, as compared to Galadriel's? In the Lord of the Rings books, Galadriel of Lorien is even more exalted than in the movies.  She is essentially a queen, and the deference shown to her far exceeds that shown to Elrond of Rivendell.  Yet in the films, we see her trying to persuade Elrond to intervene in the battle of Helm's Deep by sending Elf troops to reinforce Theoden's forces.  Eventually, Elrond relents, and orders the Elves into battle.  But the troops in question are Galadriel's, not Elrond's - they are led by Haldir, one of Galadriel's guards; the trip from Rivendell to Helm's Deep (500 miles as the crow flies) is about 2 times longer than the trip from Lorien to Helm's Deep (250 miles as the crow flies), far too long for the reinforcements to arrive in time.  But then Haldir greets Theoden of Rohan by saying he has come bearing a message from Elrond - not Galadriel.     I bring word from Lord Elrond of Rivendell. An Alliance once existed between Elves and Men. Long ago we fought and died together. We come to honor that allegiance.    This seems odd for a few reasons. The troops are Galadriel's, not Elrond's, and they come from Lorien, not Rivendell. She clearly wanted to send them to Helm's Deep - she was cajoling, prodding, and guilt-tripping him into doing just that.  She is also a queen, and could presumably order them into battle regardless of what Elrond says.    So why does she have to talk Elrond into letting her send her own troops into battle, especially when he is too far away to contribute manpower (elfpower) or materiel to the battle of Helm's Deep?  Why not say, "I'm not going to sit here doing nothing while Saruman runs roughshod over Rohan;  you can support me or not, Elrond, but if you aren't willing to help, you can at least get the hell out of the way"?  Why does her aide Haldir "bring word from Elrond" when the troops - and the impetus for sending them - came from Galadriel, and Elrond resisted sending them out for as long as he could?  And again, what is Elrond's official position/status/rank, and why would a queen need his permission to deploy her own troops? Let $ P(x)=x^8 - x^7 +x^2 -x +15 $, Descartes' Rule of Signs tells us that the polynomial has 4 positive real roots , but if we group the terms as $$ P(x)= x(x-1)(x^6+1) +15 $$ we find that $ P(x) $ does not have any positive roots.  Where did I err ?