RAM usage is increasing in database server with time
Why is SQL Server consuming more server memory?
How to know the motherboard BIOS version using the command line How can get the BIOS version of my motherboard?  The command dmidecode gives you some information about the BIOS, but I can't find what I need...    I tried dmidecode command before asking and I didn't find what I needed - I want only the BIOS version and nothing else in the output. How to typeset some text including math content in sans serif Preparing for metric dominance: alternatives to idioms using imperial units Related to , are there any metric alternatives to these idioms:        He inches closer to her.   a. meters? - too far   b. centimeters? - too weird   c. scoots? - don't use units     By then, she was miles away from him.   a. far away? - again, don't use units   b. kilometers away? - maybe   c. light-years away? - probably better, preserving the hyperbole     This is an amazing foot-long sandwich.   a. half-a-meter-long? - not accurate   b. dong-long? - even less accurate. It rhymes, though   c. about-a-third-of-a-meter-long? - pretty accurate, but not very marketable     I went the whole nine yards.   a. the whole 8.23 meters? - ...No   b. all the way? - again, don't use units   An ounce of common sense is worth a pound of theory.   a. A gram/a tonne? - preserve the weight comparison, but even more hyperbolic   b. A little/a lot? - again, don't use units        Any suggestions? I mean, I've never seen any idioms using obsolete units like ,  or , but I'm sure there were some when they were in common usage. Why does casting an ArrayList 's generic to a superclass not work? How to not have an equation in the first line using the align environment? Why has this configuration chosen for feedback? Why didn't Kenobi start training Luke earlier? When Anakin was only 9 years old, everyone in the Jedi Council was arguing that he was already too old for Jedi training.  When it comes to Luke, it was a pre-planned agenda to make him a powerful Jedi. So, why did Kenobi wait for Luke to be much older? He could have started Luke's training by himself. Gauge fields and strings: Loop equations Let $x_1,x_2,\ldots,x_n$ be the roots for $1+x+x^2+\ldots+x^n=0$. Find the value of   $$P(1)=\frac{1}{x_1-1}+\frac{1}{x_2-1}+\ldots+\frac{1}{x_n-1}$$   Source: IME entrance exam (Military Institute of Engineering, Brazil), date not provided (possibly from the 1950s)  My attempt: Developing expression $P(1)$, replacing the 1 by $x$, follows $$P(x)=\frac{(x_2-x)\cdots (x_n-x)+\ldots+(x_1-x)\cdots (x_{n-1}-x)}{(x_1-x)(x_2-x)\cdots (x_n-x)}$$    As $x_1,x_2,\ldots,x_n$ are the roots, it must be true that   $$Q(x)=(x-x_1)\cdots(x-x_n)=1+x+x^2+\ldots+x^n$$ and  $$Q(1)=(1-x_1)\cdots(1-x_n)=n+1$$ Therefore the denominator of $P(1)$ is  $$(-1)^{n} (n+1).$$ But I could not find a way to simplify the numerator.  Another fact that is probably useful is that  $$1+x^{n+1}=(1-x)(x^n+x^{n-1}+\ldots+x+1)$$ with roots that are 1 in addition of the given roots $x_1,x_2,\ldots,x_n$ for the original equation, that is  $$x_k=\text{cis}(\frac{2k\pi}{n+1}),\ \ k=1,\ldots,n.$$  This is as far as I could go...    Hints and full answers are welcomed. How do you file a bug report for Windows? I have come across an issue that I feel is a  in Windows 7. What is the official process for submitting an issue to Microsoft from a consumers perspective as an end user of Windows? This question has come up    ( ), but I'm finding the answers to be generally incomplete. The general question is "Why does/doesn't my job get killed when I exit/kill ssh?", and here's what I've found.  The first question is:  How general is the following information?  The following seems to be true for modern Debian linux, but I am missing some bits; and what do others need to know?   All child processes, backgrounded or not of a shell opened over an ssh connection are killed with SIGHUP when the ssh connection is closed only if the huponexit option is set: run shopt huponexit to see if this is true. If huponexit is true, then you can use nohup or disown to dissociate the process from the shell so it does not get killed when you exit.  Or, run things with screen. If huponexit is false, which is the default on at least some linuxes these days, then backgrounded jobs will not be killed on normal logout. But even if huponexit is false, then if the ssh connection gets killed, or drops (different than normal logout), then backgrounded processes will still get killed.  This can be avoided by disown or nohup as in (2). There is some distinction between (a) processes whose parent process is the terminal and (b) processes that have stdin, stdout, or stderr .  I don't know what happens to processes that are (a) and not (b), or vice versa.   Final question: How can I avoid behavior (3)?  In other words, by default in Debian backgrounded processes run along merrily by themselves after logout but not after the ssh connection is killed.  I'd like the same thing to happen to processes regardless of whether the connection was closed normally or killed.  Or, is this a bad idea?  Edit: Another, important way to keep jobs of being killed, that works (?) in either case is to run them through .  But, the question is more about understanding when things get killed and when they don't: sometimes people want the jobs to be killed on logout, for instance.  More threads: -  -  -  -  -  -  -  - Pure significance of line integrals of vector fields I can understand how the line integral of a scalar function has pure-mathematical significance, representing an area beneath a curve. But is there a pure significance to the line integral of a vector field? The only understanding I have of this is the physical example of work done on a moving particle. Thanks for any insight. We now that Fermat's last theorem is true so there are not positive integer solutions to $$x^n+y^n=z^n$$ for $n\in\mathbb{N}$ and $n&gt;2$.  But what about if $n\in\mathbb{R}$ or $n\in\mathbb{R}^+$? Reference book on measure theory I post this question with some personal specifications. I hope it does not overlap with old posted questions.  Recently I strongly feel that I have to review the knowledge of measure theory for the sake of starting my thesis.  I am not totally new with measure theory, since I have taken and past one course at the graduate level. Unfortunately, because the lecturer was not so good at teaching, I followed the course by self-study. Now I feel that all the knowledge has gone after the exam and still don’t have a clear overview on the structure of measure theory. And here come my specified requirements for a reference book.   I wish the book elaborates the proofs, since I will read it on my own again, sadly. And this is the most important criterion for the book. I wish the book covers most of the topics in measure theory. Although the topic of my thesis is on stochastic integration, I do want to review measure theory at a more general level, which means it could emphasize on both aspects of analysis and probability. If such a condition cannot be achieved, I'd like to more focus on probability. I wish the book could deal with convergences and uniform integrability carefully, as Chung’s probability book.    My expectation is after thorough reading, I could have strong background to start a thesis on stochastic integration at an analytic level.  Sorry for such a tedious question.  P.S: the textbook I used is Schilling’s book: measures, integrals and martingales. It is a pretty good textbook, but misprints really ruin the fun of reading. Distributions other than the normal where mean and variance are independent I was wondering if there are any distributions besides the normal where the mean and variance are independent of each other (or in other words, where the variance is not a function of the mean). verifying an incorrect integrating factor I was doing some practice problems that my professor had sent us and I have not been able to figure out one of them. The given equation is:  $-y^2dx +x^2dy = 0$  He then asks us to verify that:  $ u(x, y) = \frac{1}{(x-y)^2}$  is an integrating factor.   I multiplied through to get:  $\frac{-y^2}{(x-y)^2}dx + \frac{x^2}{(x-y)^2}dy = 0$   However, the partial derivatives of these do not equal each other so I am a bit confused... What's the meaning "them" here? Galois group of the product of two fields being the product of Galois groups? I'm just wondering if the following theorem is reasonable and whether the proof is makes sense or not? Also I have an application of it which I was trying to do earlier but I made a lot of mistakes so I would be very grateful if anyone would give some comments on this in case I have some very strong misunderstandings about Galois theory.    Theorem Let $E_1$ and $E_2$ be Galois field extensions of $F$ with trivial intersection ($E_1 \cap E_2 = F$), then $E_1 E_2$ has Galois group $\text{Gal}(E_1/F) \times \text{Gal}(E_2/F)$.  Proof   $E_1$ and $E_2$ are splitting fields (over $F$) of some polynomials $f_1$ and $f_2$ so $E_1 E_2$ is the splitting field of $f_1 f_2$ over $F$ and therefore it is Galois and we are justified using the "Gal" notation. Let $\sigma_1 \in \text{Gal}(E_1/F)$ and $\sigma_2 \in \text{Gal}(E_2/F)$ then by the fundamental theorem of Galois theory we can lift these both into elements of $\text{Gal}(E_1 E_2/F)$. The claim is that $\sigma_1 \sigma_2 = \sigma_2 \sigma_1$, to see this consider an element $\alpha \in E_1$, we have both $\sigma_2 \alpha = \alpha$ and $\sigma_2 \sigma_1 \alpha = \sigma_1 \alpha$ because it is invariant with respect to $\sigma_2$, but we can combine these equalities to get $\sigma_1 \sigma_2 \alpha = \sigma_2 \sigma_1 \alpha$. Both groups $\text{Gal}(E_i/F)$ ($i = 1,2$) are included in $\text{Gal}(E_1 E_2/F)$ and the degrees say there are no more elements, furthermore since they commute we can conclude $\text{Gal}(E_1 E_2/F) = \text{Gal}(E_1/F) \times \text{Gal}(E_2/F)$.     So hopefully that theorem is, if not correct, fixable.. and can be used to prove that $\mathbb Q (\sqrt{a_1},\sqrt{a_2},\cdots,\sqrt{a_n})$ has Galois group $C_2^m$ ($m \le n$) over $\mathbb Q$? Discouraged by simple Bayesian Question My university is testing an intro Machine Learning (ML) course for us undergrads, and having been interested in ML since the beginning to understand what it was, I jumped at the chance to take it. But being someone who has not been back in school for a long time and much busier than I was in my first years long ago, I am finding that I need more info and examples than the class in its current form has.  I am struggling to figure out what the attached question is asking. I am searching online for help with this particular topic, but I am also finding that everyone seems to have their own way of phrasing similar questions in such a way that I am finding it hard to link the info.   My understanding from stats way back when is that $p(x|\omega_1)$ is stating the probability of $x$ given $\omega_1$ for $0\le x \le 2$ and zero other wise. Same obviously if given $\omega_2$. If I understand, the priors are the probability of $\omega_1$ and $\omega_2$ which are somehow obtained. And honestly that is as far as I am really comprehending. I am not sure what (a) and (b) are truly asking for or how to get them. If anyone is able to help me with some pointed info on the topic it would be greatly appreciated. Is it possible to make my laptop's screen act as a second monitor for my desktop computer?