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What is the purpose of the EBP frame pointer register? can't type lower cased e in amazon ec2 (Amazon Linux) After a few days of operation on my new ec2 build, the following happens:   I log into SSH, everything is fine, I do my coding I return the next day, and log into SSH I cannot type a lower cased e anymore--I get the error ding when I type it I try to ssh from a different computer, same problem I reboot the server, same problem I open nano or vi and e works fine, just not in bash or sh I terminate the server, create a new one, install from scratch, a few days later it happens again   This is baffling! Where do I even start to troubleshoot?  My Local Machine Setup(s):   windows XP or 7 putty (latest) or cygwin/openssh   The EC2 setup   Amazon Linux (default options) node.js iptables forwarding port 80 to node on port 8003 emacs, npm, and openssl-devel no other mods       Output of stty -a while I can't type an e  sh-4.1$ stty -a speed 38400 baud; rows 30; columns 95; line = 0; intr = ^C; quit = ^\; erase = ^?; kill = ^U; eof = ^D; eol = &lt;undef&gt;; eol2 = &lt;undef&gt;; swtch = &lt;undef&gt;; start = ^Q; stop = ^S; susp = ^Z; rprnt = ^R; werase = ^W; lnext = ^V; flush = ^O; min = 1; time = 0; -parenb -parodd cs8 -hupcl -cstopb cread -clocal -crtscts -cdtrdsr -ignbrk -brkint -ignpar -parmrk -inpck -istrip -inlcr -igncr icrnl ixon -ixoff -iuclc -ixany -imaxbel -iutf8 opost -olcuc -ocrnl onlcr -onocr -onlret -ofill -ofdel nl0 cr0 tab0 bs0 vt0 ff0 isig icanon iexten echo echoe echok -echonl -noflsh -xcase -tostop -echoprt echoctl echoke   In case it helps someone else with a similar issue, I created a script (called sub) to convert upper-cased E to lower-cased, then echo the command back. Then I run it in backticks to get an e on the command line::  #!/bin/sh echo ${@//E/e}  &gt; `sub Emacs /Etc/profilE`   UPDATES   This breaks for all users In bash only (csh works fine) In emacs edit mode only   I've created  and hone in the solution. This question dovetails with this post on .  I am familiar with some of larger, paid-for business registry's like  and .  While the detailed information their business listings database include (like # of employees, annual sales, industry code, etc) is fantastic, if you are on a limited budget, sometimes the cost of purchasing the data outweighs the value you can get from it.  If you have geocoding capabilities in house, one could potentially create a reasonable surrogate by spatially-enabling (geocoding) a publicly available business listing on your own.    If you were looking to take on this type of project, where would you start your research? Do you know of US agencies at a State or National level that maintain this type of information, AND are publicly available for download or minimal purchase? Shell Script for logging into a ssh server what is the total number of distinct arrangements of $n$ oranges and $n$ apples around a round table? I have no idea how to go about. How do I speed up my design work? I've been a designer for 6 months, having previously had a 1st class honours degree in Graphic Communication. My issue is that I am a Very good designer, but I work too slow. It's beginning to drive a rift between myself and the creative director who desperately wants me to work quicker. I've always been a workaholic even in university, I put in 110% all the time, really work my ass off, but I'm still not fast enough to complete projects quickly, my work is good, but it's not efficient.  Do you guys have any tips to help me speed up? Calculating the average area of the states listed in states.txt Need someone to calculate the average area, in square miles, of the states listed in states.txt. States.txt (file): State           Population   SqMi      Region  ------------------------------------------ California           39.37   163.7       West Texas                29.36   268.6      South Florida              21.73    65.7      South New_York             19.33    54.7  NorthEast Pennsylvania         12.78    46.1  NorthEast Illinois             12.59    57.9    Midwest Ohio                 11.69    44.8    Midwest Georgia              10.71    59.4      South North_Carolina       10.60    53.8      South Michigan             9.97    96.7    Midwest  Output should look like this: Average Area: 82.85 square miles  Note my awk program will be ran like this: awk –f &lt;file.awk&gt; states.txt Do I need an airport transit visa for Dublin, Ireland en route to the UK? Destructors of builtin types (int, char etc..) In C++ the following code gives a compiler error:  void destruct1 (int * item) {   item-&gt;~int(); }   This code is nearly the same, I just typedef the int to another type and something magic happens:  typedef int myint;  void destruct2 (myint * item) {   item-&gt;~myint(); }   Why does the second code work? Does an int get a destructor just because it has been typedefed?  In case you wonder why one ever would like to do this: This comes from refactoring C++ code. We're removing the standard heap and replacing it with selfmade pools. This requires us to call placement-new and the destructors. I know that calling destructors for primitive types is useless, but we want them in the code nevertheless in case we later replace PODs with real classes.  Finding out that naked int's don't work but typedefed ones do was quite a surprise.  Btw - I have a solution that involves template-functions. We just typedef inside the template and everything is fine. If $P(x^5)+xQ(x^5)+x^2R(x^5)=(x^4+x^3+x^2+x+1)S(x)$ , then prove that $P(x)$ is divisible by $x-1$ $P,Q,R,S$ are polynomials such that: $P(x^5)+xQ(x^5)+x^2R(x^5)=(x^4+x^3+x^2+x+1)S(x)$ , then prove that $P(x)$ is divisible by $x-1$   I thought a lot on this but no result!! By the way,one idea is to insert some values for $x$ and try to produce a system of equations for the given polynomials,but I'm not sure it works. I'm trying to work out what value resistor to use in a LED circuit. The equation I'd use to do this is:  $$ R = \frac{V_{cc} - V_f}{I_f} $$  Seems logical, and makes complete sense. The answers to the question  confirm this too.  I have the following LEDs:   \$ V_f = 3.3V \$ \$ I_{f_{typ}} = 20mA \$   Using a 5V power supply:   \$ V_{cc} = 5V \$   Plugging these into the above equation gives:  $$ \begin{eqnarray} R &amp; = &amp; \frac{V_{cc} - V_f}{I_f} \\   &amp; = &amp; \frac{5V - 3.3V}{20mA} \\   &amp; = &amp; 85\Omega \end{eqnarray} $$  All good so far.  However, if I use the calculator at , that gives me 100&Omega;. If I use the ElectroDroid app on my phone, that gives me 85&Omega;.  So, I assume that the linear1 calculator is using a different method of calculating this resistor value; is there some better way of doing this? Mod shows up with OP background when viewing deleted comments Deleting 'garbage' nodes after polygon dissolve I work with QGIS 2.10.1 on Windows 7 (x64). I have dissolved polygons from an attribute value and the polygons geometries being not perfectly joined together, I get some 'garbage' nodes I need to delete. I have tried to edit the layer and using nodes tool, selecting and deleting the nodes, but it seems impossible to do (nodes are not deleted at all!). Any idea on how to process this kind of clean-up?  EDIT : you can  for testing. The close dialog says there are two off-topic votes, but none of the off-topic reasons have votes next to them I've found strange behavior when closing this  - I definitely see that there are 3 closing votes and 2 of them are at "Off-topic" section:   -but there are no explanations on section itself:   -while, normally, it's expected that it will appear. In custom comments section there are also no closing-votes displayed.   Perhaps it's just my browser (which is FF 26 x64 under Win) - so marking this as a "possible bug". Thank you for your attention. Difference between JOIN and INNER JOIN Both these joins will give me the same results:  SELECT * FROM table JOIN otherTable ON table.ID = otherTable.FK   vs  SELECT * FROM table INNER JOIN otherTable ON table.ID = otherTable.FK   Is there any difference between the statements in performance or otherwise?   Does it differ between different SQL implementations? Easiest way to move my Windows installation to an SSD? I've taken the plunge and bought an SSD and want to move my existing Windows installation over. The current hard disk is 500Gb, but I've trimmed the contents down to about ~40Gb. I'm transferring it across to a 100Gb SSD and looking for the easiest way just to copy everything across and set the SSD up as a boot device.  I've looked at a few tools like Macrium Reflect, but they don't seem able to restore to a smaller drive. Do I need to go for something like  to do this? I'm trying to avoid scary Linux-based boot utilities if possible, does anyone know of an easier way? Circuitikz symbols in TikZ circuit library Some time ago, I asked about . wh1t3 wrote: "However, as far as I know there is nothing the circuitikz package does that the TikZ circuit library can't."  So if it is true that the tikz library is more powerful, how do I get all the symbols described in the  using the TikZ circuit library?  Especially I am missing the symbols for ammeters and voltmeters. \dots versus \ldots - is there a difference? Is there a difference between \dots and \ldots, the ellipsis?  If yes: Which? When to use \dots and when to use \ldots?  If no: Why are there both at all? Why doesn't this C++0x code call the move constructor? How many ways can you divide $9$ students into three unlabeled teams where one team contains $4$ people, one contains $3$ people and the last contains $2$ people? Unlabeled, meaning that groups with abc = bca = cba, etc  I understand how to do this if the teams are labeled:  $$\frac{9!}{4!3!2!}$$  But there is a term missing in the denominator when the teams are unlabeled and I'm having difficulty understanding how to calculate how many ways the teams can be organized.  There are $3!$ ways to organize the same first group of $3$, $4!$ ways to organize the same second group of $4$ and $2!$ ways to organize the last group of $2$. Why wouldn't you multiply $3!4!2!$ in the denominator?   For instance:  (ABC, DEFG) = (ABC, DEGF)  = (ABC, DFEG) = (ACB, DFGE), etc