QGIS 2.16 GRASS geoalgorithms don't work?
Grass tools not working in QGIS 2.14.3-ESSEN, OSGEO4W
How do I merge two dictionaries in a single expression (taking union of dictionaries)? I have two Python dictionaries, and I want to write a single expression that returns these two dictionaries, merged (i.e. taking the union).  The update() method would be what I need, if it returned its result instead of modifying a dictionary in-place. &gt;&gt;&gt; x = {'a': 1, 'b': 2} &gt;&gt;&gt; y = {'b': 10, 'c': 11} &gt;&gt;&gt; z = x.update(y) &gt;&gt;&gt; print(z) None &gt;&gt;&gt; x {'a': 1, 'b': 10, 'c': 11}  How can I get that final merged dictionary in z, not x? (To be extra-clear, the last-one-wins conflict-handling of dict.update() is what I'm looking for as well.) This is all in iTerm2 on OS X.  I used to have  export TERM='xterm-256color'   in my .bashrc. This meant Vim in tmux did use 256 colors.  And once I added  set -g xterm-keys on   then keyboard shortcuts with modifiers worked fine in Vim. Namely: shift+left/right that I mapped to switch Vim tabs, ctrl+up/down that I mapped to move ("bubble") lines, and shift+left/right which worked out of the box to jump by word in the command-line mode (e.g. when typing something like :e foo bar baz).  However, this setup had the problem that the Vim background color only shows behind text, as mentioned .  So I removed  export TERM='xterm-256color'   from my .bashrc and instead put this in my .tmux.conf:  set -g default-terminal "screen-256color"   That fixed the Vim background color, but broke the keyboard shortcuts - they do unexpected things (move the cursor, delete text) instead.  By using ctrl+v to insert the verbatim output from the key combinations (as described ), I was able to work around it:  map [1;5A &lt;C-Up&gt; map [1;5B &lt;C-Down&gt; map [1;2D &lt;S-Left&gt; map [1;2C &lt;S-Right&gt; cmap [1;2D &lt;S-Left&gt; cmap [1;2C &lt;S-Right&gt;   This makes the shortcuts work, but it doesn't feel like the right solution. Could anyone tell me what's happening here and how to fix it? What does the Code of Conduct say about pronouns? Please leave any feedback or questions about this FAQ on .     Two weeks ago, we  to directly address concerns over pronoun usage. We tried to anticipate likely questions, but&hellip; missed the mark by quite a lot. Based on Gareth McCaughan’s excellent post, “”, we’ve gone back to the drawing board and written a new FAQ that aims to address actual questions that have been frequently asked in these discussions.  If you read only one thing, the answer to question #1 under The Basics sums up our goals in publishing this guidance:     It would be rude to refer to a man as "she" or a woman as "he". Some people are neither male nor female and might, for instance, ask to be referred to as "they". When someone indicates what pronouns should be used to refer to them, please use the pronouns they state as you would others.   This is a learning process for most of us - from authors to readers to moderators to employees of Stack Exchange, Inc.  Let’s all try to approach this with good intentions and a willingness to learn from one another.  Big thanks to Gareth for leading by example here, and to everyone who has stepped up to ask and answer the important questions!  What's all this stuff about pronouns in The Code of Conduct?  The  has two direct references to pronouns:   “Use stated pronouns (when known).” “Prefer gender-neutral language when uncertain.”   What does all of this mean and how can I as a user understand and follow the CoC guidance? VirtualBox: using physical partition as virtual drive Background: I am using VirtualBox installed on Windows 7. From within VirtualBox I am using Xubuntu as a virtual OS. The reason I chose this approach is so that I don't have to keep turning off Windows and rebooting from Xubuntu every time I needed to switch OSes. And VirtualBox's seamless mode is pretty amazing to allow me see Xubuntu and Windows 7 all in one screen.   Issue: Now I am thinking of a way to have Xubuntu more integrated into my system. By this I mean I want to have a physical partition for Xubuntu. But I want to still have the feeling of the seamless mode.  Question: So finally, my question is: is it possible to load a partition in VirtualBox as a virtual OS?   Case examples: Ideal scenario would be: I physically boot up and login to Windows 7. Now I want to access Xubuntu, so I load VirtualBox and access my Xubuntu partition without rebooting. And the other way around too, i.e. I boot up the system, login to Xubuntu, and can access the actual Windows 7 partition through VirtualBox.   Other info: Please note that I am not talking about getting access to files, as I have a completely separate partition for my files, and am very familiar with VirtualBox's Shared Folders option. Controlling bandwith while using GPRS on Windows 7 I have an issue with my windows 7 machine using a lot of bandwith while connected to the internet. I'm trying to limit the bandwith by using Opera in Turbo mode, but some other program is sucking down content and emptying my GPRS mobile plan.   Is there some way I can control which applications are allowed to use bandwith while on GPRS? Preferable only Opera should be able to use the network.   Thanks. Are there attacks that break collision resistance but not preimage resistance? Uniform Scattering with vector I'm attempting to create a random spread of dots to create a gradient look. I'm getting really close to the effect I want by blending two scatter brushes. The issue I'm having is that the blended brushes creates unwanted lines, and the dots run into each other. I keep adjusting the settings with no luck.  Here's the effect I'm wanting to achieved.    Smooth transition  On Circular path Dots don't converge Scattered at random-ish     Here's how close I'm able to get:   Blended scatters create unwanted lines Dots converge Spacing isn't gradual from edge to center I have requested for a French long term (Type D) student visa from a consulate in India. It's a national Type D visa and not a Schengen visa. My question is that can we still go to other Schengen countries on this visa? If not then can we get a Schengen visa from a consulate in France? Calculating the eigenvalues of a matrix How to find the eigenvalues of $$\begin{bmatrix} 0 &amp; 1   &amp;   &amp;  &amp;\\ k &amp; 0   &amp; 2 &amp;  &amp;\\   &amp; k-1 &amp; 0 &amp; 3 &amp;\\   &amp;     &amp;\ddots&amp;\ddots&amp;\ddots\\   &amp;     &amp;      &amp;2 &amp; 0 &amp;k \\   &amp;     &amp;      &amp; &amp; 1 &amp;0 \end{bmatrix}$$ I tried recurrence equation, but it doesn't work to find the characteristic polynomial. Any hint or solution are welcomed, thanks for your help!  PS:The missing parts are all zeroes. Wait until all jQuery Ajax requests are done? Are we close to a pure DC (or hybrid) household? This is a philosophical question. Over the last few years, many of the household devices, particularly those that are more mobile and etc are DC devices. Are we at some point where a DC household may become a possibility and Edisons dream might come true??  The array of DC devices    Internet stuff - routers, modems Most complex computer electronics - Desktops, laptops, NAS, phones, tablets, gaming consoles, etc Lighting - LED More that I cant think of or perhaps know which also convert AC -> DC   Problems with AC     Each device needs its own power supply ( AC-> DC power brick). This is a) Unpleasant to look at and deal with, and b) a costly point of failure.  Each power brick may or may not be optimized, as far as power conversion goes.   Alternative - A central (or a few ) high capacity power adapter which converts the AC into a DC power grid for the house which can then be tapped directly by the various devices. This eliminates the need for the power brick, and hopefully the central power adapter is of state of the art, and can be upgraded seperately from the devices, as needed.  Need standardization of:   Device voltage. Currently devices use 5/ 9 / 12 or others I may not be aware of, for this idea to work they need to work with one particular one, unless switching between voltages is cheap enough, or multiple DC lines are provided. Power socket input. Each device appears to have its own input socket type, this should standardize if the power supply cable should be comoditized, perhaps USB - C will play a part here. Proving $\lim \frac{x^n-a^n}{x-a}=n\cdot a^{n-1}$ Do objects rotate around the torque vector or its center? If a sphere has a torque vector coming out of it at point A, would the sphere rotate about its center or the axis of the torque vector? How to get a file's Media Type (MIME type)? How do you get a Media Type (MIME type) from a file using Java?  So far I've tried JMimeMagic &amp; Mime-Util. The first gave me memory exceptions, the second doesn't close its streams properly. How would you probe the file to determine its actual type (not merely based on the extension)? Fix for word of power quest bug at Arcwind Point When I picked up the word of power at Arcwind Point, the quest didn't get removed from my quest log. If I select it, the arrow still points to the wall even though there is no word to collect anymore. The monks at High Hrothgar won't give me a new word power quest since they don't realize that I finished this one.  I can see in the Unofficial Elder Scrolls pages that this is a known issue.   My question is now, is there anything I can do about it? I don't want to reload a previous save since I have done much since it happened. I didn't realize until hours afterwards what had happened.   Note: I am on Xbox 360 so the Unofficial Dawnguard Patch is not an option. For all $x,y\in\mathbb{R}$   define that $x\equiv y$   if $x^{2}=y^{2}$  . Then $\equiv$  is an equivalence relation on $\mathbb{R}$  , there are infinitely many equivalence classes, one of them consists of one element and the rest consist of two elements.  Solution  True. To show that \equiv  is reflexive we need to show that \forall x\in\mathbb{R}  :x=x.  Let x\in\mathbb{R}  , x\equiv\mbox{\ensuremath{x}}  if x^{2}=x^{2},   which is obvious.  [x]  ={y\in\mathbb{R}  |x\equiv y}  =[0]={y\in\mathbb{R}|0\equiv y}={0}  . Hence y^{2}  =0^{2}   =0   which implies that y=0  . I successfully followed  to set different sensitivities for my touchpad and my USB mouse. Only problem is, once you unplug and replug the device or shutdown, restart etc., the settings reset. we have been using the Find Nearby Accounts app from appexchange for a while now. The app uses the Google Maps API vs 2 which is now deprecated and hence has rendered the app ineffective. I have tried migrating the Google maps API version for the app from v2 to v3 by generating a v3 API key. The URL for my salesforce instance was included in the creation of the Client ID under API Access. After all these steps, I still get the error "Problem with Address. I know the address is right.   Has anyone been able to get this working? Thanks. Linux: coloring bash prompt will break carriage return When I try to colorize the bash prompt like this:  export PS1="\e[0;31m[\u@\h \W]\$ \e[m "   it breaks the carriage return (instead of going to a new line when line is full, it starts in the same line and erases the input text).  If I remove the color sequence it works fine. I use Ubuntu 11.10 and terminal (guake has the same bug too). Why is the "Arnold Schwarzenegger" terminator referred to by two different product numbers (T-101, T-800)?