How to upgrade from Ubuntu-12.04 LTS to the latest Ubuntu version
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Rotate group of objects over an edge Faithful group actions for singleton group or for empty set Let $G$ be a group, possibly a singleton. Let $M$ be a set, possibly empty. Let $\mu: M \times G \to M$ be a right group action. Let $1_G$ be the identity of $G$.  I understand 's second definition of faithful as follows:     $\mu$ is faithful if for each $g \in G$ such that $g \ne 1_G$, there exists $x \in M$ such that $\mu(x,g) \ne x$. $\tag{1}$   Later  says if $\mu$ is free and $M$ is a non-empty set, then $\mu$ is faithful.  Question: Given the idea that we can have $M$ as an empty set, I would like to clarify: Are these correct?   If $G$ is a singleton, then every action $\mu$ is faithful, whether or not $M$ is empty. If $G$ is not a singleton, but $M$ is empty, then every action $\mu$ is not faithful. Prove that you can make change for any amount greater than 7 cents using only 3 and 5 cent coins. I am pretty sure this question has something to do with the Least Common Multiple.    I was thinking that the proof was that every number either is or isn't a multiple of $3, 5$, and $8\left(3 + 5\right)$. If it isn't a multiple of $3,5$, or $8$, great. You have nothing to prove. But if it is divisible by one of them, I couldn't find a general proof that showed that it wouldn't be divisible by another one. Say $15$, it is divisible by $3$ and $5$, but not $8$. No 'Open with' option to open/run jar file with openjdk Is the word "management" singular or plural? Possible Duplicate:          Which one of the following is correct?     Management gets its ideas from its employees.   Management gets their ideas from their employees. Unable to uninstall Wine apps I recently ran the iTunes 10 installer in Wine and everything seemed to go well. Then, when I tried to run it, it would constantly crash/and the appearance would be glitchy. After looking at the Wine website, it turns out that iTunes 10 has a 'garbage' rating of Wine compatability.  Now I'm trying to remove/uninstall iTunes, QuickTime, and the other applications that come default with installing iTunes (such as Bonjour, etc.). However, when I run the 'uninstaller' that wine provides for the programs, it instead executes what appears to actually be the original installer! I've tried deleting all the configuration/data files in my Wine's file-system, but to no avail.  Any help is greatly appreciated!  Edit1: After re-running the uninstall process and then rebooting, the program (iTunes 10) still remained installed. Even my main monitor is shown as unknown. I have tried setting up dual monitors using Nvidia settings with no joy however it does recognize that I have 2 monitors.  This was not an issue in 11.04. My problem with the Nvidia settings appears to be that my 2 monitors require different resolutions but even when I set them to a resolution that they both can handle, it is then only appearing in cloned mode. I really hope someone can help or I will have to roll back to 11.04.  Why won't Ubuntu 11.10 recognize that I have 2 Monitors?   Here is the contents of my xorg.conf:  # nvidia-settings: X configuration file generated by nvidia-settings # nvidia-settings:  version 280.13  (buildd@rothera)  Thu Aug 11 17:28:49 UTC 2011  Section "ServerLayout"     Identifier     "Layout0"     Screen      0  "Screen0" 0 0     InputDevice    "Keyboard0" "CoreKeyboard"     InputDevice    "Mouse0" "CorePointer"     Option         "Xinerama" "0" EndSection  Section "Files" EndSection  Section "InputDevice"     # generated from default     Identifier     "Mouse0"     Driver         "mouse"     Option         "Protocol" "auto"     Option         "Device" "/dev/psaux"     Option         "Emulate3Buttons" "no"     Option         "ZAxisMapping" "4 5" EndSection  Section "InputDevice"     # generated from default     Identifier     "Keyboard0"     Driver         "kbd" EndSection  Section "Monitor"     # HorizSync source: xconfig, VertRefresh source: xconfig     Identifier     "Monitor0"     VendorName     "Unknown"     ModelName      "CRT-0"     HorizSync       30.0 - 83.0     VertRefresh     50.0 - 76.0     Option         "DPMS" EndSection  Section "Device"     Identifier     "Device0"     Driver         "nvidia"     VendorName     "NVIDIA Corporation"     BoardName      "GeForce 7025 / nForce 630a" EndSection  Section "Screen"     Identifier     "Screen0"     Device         "Device0"     Monitor        "Monitor0"     DefaultDepth    24     Option         "TwinView" "1"     Option         "TwinViewXineramaInfoOrder" "CRT-0"     Option         "metamodes" "CRT: 1280x1024 +1024+0, DFP: 1024x768 +0+0"     SubSection     "Display"         Depth       24     EndSubSection EndSection"   ok I have tried disper -e. Problem is that Nvidia settings appear to be treating both monitors as the same one. so changing the settings to one has no effect, but change the other and it affects both screens identically.  Results of disper -l as follows:      carter@carter-desktop:~$ disper -l display DFP-0: HP vs17  resolutions: 320x240, 400x300, 416x312, 512x384, 576x432, 680x384, 640x480, 720x450, 640x512, 800x512, 840x525, 800x600, 960x540, 832x624, 960x600, 896x672, 1024x768, 1152x864, 1280x960, 1280x1024 display CRT-0: CRT-0  resolutions: 320x240, 400x300, 416x312, 512x384, 576x432, 680x384, 640x480, 720x450, 640x512, 800x512, 840x525, 800x600, 960x540, 832x624, 960x600, 896x672, 1024x768, 1152x864, 1360x768, 1280x960, 1440x900, 1280x1024, 1400x1050, 1600x1024, 1680x1050, 1600x1200, 1920x1080, 1920x1200, 1792x1344 carter@carter-desktop:~$ Partial sum of rows of Pascal's triangle I'm interested in finding   $$\sum_{k=0}^m \binom{n}{k}, \quad  m&lt;n$$  which form rows of Pascal's triangle. Surely $\sum\limits_{k=0}^n \binom{k}{m}$ using addition formula, but the one above involves hypergeometric functions and I don't know how to approach it.  EDIT: if possible, please don't solve it, just a few hints will do. How to debug hadoop mapreduce jobs from eclipse? Is there any "official" guidance to upgrading from Lubuntu 18.04 LTS (LXDE) to Lubuntu 18.10 (LXQt) How to align right within equation array I am trying to add smoke to a cigarette. I've created a Cylinder, hit space and chose quick smoke while this sphere was selected. It created a transparent bigger sphere and it is emitting smoke in solid and texture mode. But when I try it out in render mode, it won't show the smoke for some reason. Here is my setup:    The cylinder has a basic white material. Thanks! Subgroups of finite abelian groups. For every subgroup $H$ of a finite abelian group $G,$ there exists a subgroup $N$ of $G$ such that $G/N \cong H.$ I need to prove this or give a counter example.  I am aware of isomorphism theorems and classification of abelian groups, direct products etc. How to specify font size less than 10pt (or more than 12pt)? Calculation of the avalanche effect coefficient Given a  matrix/dependence matrix for a hash function,how do I calculate the avalanche coefficient for it. I want to calculate a single parameter(value) which represents the amount of avalanche effect for the given hash function.  I have thought of computing mean all over the matrix but am not sure that's the correct thing to do.  The  talks about the avalanche coefficient but they haven't mentioned the way they calculate it. how to convert batch file from .tif to .bil format using gdal_translate in windows CMD command line, file in the directory.   Directory path : D:\GDAL-TEST 001_mean.tif 002_mean.tif 003_mean.tif 004_mean.tif So on....   I have one code but by this code we can convert single file at a time but i want to loop through all raster which have .tif extension in the  directory and convert it to .bil format. Please want a solution   My code. I a running this code on GDAL Command window on windows 7 platform.      gdal_translate -of "ENVI" D:\GDAL-TEST\001_mean.tif D:\GDAL-TEST\001_mean.bil Can't deep learning models now be said to be interpretable? Are nodes features? For statistical and machine learning models, there are multiple levels of interpretability: 1) the algorithm as a whole, 2) parts of the algorithm in general 3) parts of the algorithm on particular inputs, and these three levels split into two parts each, one for training and one for function eval. The last two parts are much closer than to the first. I'm asking about #2, which usually leads to better understanding of #3). (if those are not what 'interpretability' means then what should I be thinking?)  As far as interpretability goes, logistic regression is one of the easiest to interpret. Why did this instance pass the threshold? Because that instance had this particular positive feature and it has a larger coefficient in the model. It's so obvious!  A neural network is  the classic example of a model that is difficult to interpret. What do all those coefficients mean? They all add up in such complicated crazy ways that it is hard to say what any particular coefficient is really doing.  But with all the deep neural nets coming out, it feels like things are becoming clearer. The DL models (for say vision) seem to capture things like edges or orientation in early layers, and in later layers it seems like some nodes are actually semantic (like the proverbial ). For example:    ()  This is a graphic () created by hand for presentation so I am very skeptical. But it is evidence that somebody thinks that is how it works.  Maybe in the past there just weren't enough layers for us to find recognizable features; the models were successful, just not easy to post-hoc analyze particular ones.  But maybe the graphic is just wishful thinking. Maybe NNs are truly inscrutable.  But the many graphics with their nodes labeled with pictures are also really compelling.    Do DL nodes really correspond to features? Taylor Expansion $\log(\frac{1+z}{1-z})$ Taylor Expansion of $\log(\frac{1+z}{1-z})$ around $z=0$  But $\log(1+z)=\sum_{n=1}^{\infty}(-1)^{n+1}\frac{z^n}{n}$  How can I continue from here? "Mornings came and cast a blinding sunlight over everything, and he felt like nothing worthwhile could be accomplished."  For some reason, I feel like "a blinding light" is ok, but if its sunlight, then I should drop the "a" and write "cast blinding sunlight", but I'm not sure why I feel this way.   Can anyone offer some enlightenment?  edit - alternate phrasing, closer to being a literal translation: "Mornings came without warning, flooding the day with a strong sun, and he felt like nothing worthwhile could be accomplished."   I would still like an answer to the technical question of whether I should drop the "a", but would also appreciate knowing if anyone thinks option #2 is a better choice. How to remove the "No front page content has been created yet." message from the front page? I only want blocks on the homepage. Because I don't have any nodes, and I want to keep the homepage as /node I am getting a "No front page content has been created yet." message on my page.  How do I get around this?