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Find an example where Markov's inequality is tight in the following sense: For each positive integer $a$, find a non-negative random variable $X$ such that $P(X\ge a)=E(X)/a$.   How to do this problem, I am really confused. Also, what is the definition of Markov's inequality? Working with a CSV data file with 100 millions rows (and 30 columns) Show that $S$ is compact. Let $A \in M_n(\bf C)$ and let   $S=\{ A \in M_n(\bf C) : A=A ^*$ and  $\rho (A) \leq 1 \}$, $\rho(A)$ denotes spectral radius of $A$.     Show that $S$ is compact subset of $M_n(\bf C) \cong \bf C^{n^2} $ with usual topology.    $S$ is subset of $\bf O_n(C)$ which is compact so I think its enough to show that $S$ is closed.Please help. i m using ubuntu 10.10. please tell me how to type in hindi fonts in open office word. please help I need to echo a string containing angle brackets (&lt; and >) to a file on a Windows machine.  Basically what I want to do is the following: echo some string &lt; with angle &gt; brackets &gt;&gt;myfile.txt  This doesn't work since the command interpreter gets confused with the angle brackets.  I could quote the whole string like this: echo "some string &lt; with angle &gt; brackets" &gt;&gt;myfile.txt  But then I have double quotes in my file that I don't want.    Escaping the brackets ala unix doesn't work either: echo some string \&lt; with angle \&gt; brackets &gt;&gt;myfile.txt  Ideas? How to connect to wifi using just the terminal? Make cd automatically ls I find that I often do the following:  %&gt; cd bla/bla %&gt; ls   I would like it that whenever I cd into a directory it automatically does an ls.  I fiddled with my .bashrc for a while, but couldn't figure out how to make it happen. Realtek RTL8723be doesn't have good reception Only when I'm closer to the router, it shows any signal, but when I'm just little far from it, it is not showing wifi routers signals. CSOM: Identify "columns" created by user rather than built-in When iterating the fields of a list how do you know which columns are yours and which are built-in ?  I know a solution for "classic" SDK using SPField.SourceId  but I can't find one for CSOM.  I thought UserCreated was the way to go for but   So how do you tell apart theirs and mine ? Using a combination of Hidden CanBeDeleted FromBaseType ? Checking for a list of special internalNames ?          ClientContext context = new ClientContext(siteUrl);         context.Credentials = creds;         Web web = context.Web;         var list = web.Lists.GetByTitle(listName);          context.Load(list.Fields);         context.ExecuteQuery();          foreach (Field field in list.Fields)         {         bool thisColumnWasCreatedByUser =                        field .FromBaseType == false &amp;&amp;                     //this.InternalName != "Title" &amp;&amp; // builtin but I'd rather keep it                     field .InternalName != "_dlc_DocId" &amp;&amp; // probably safe                     field .InternalName != "_dlc_DocIdUrl" &amp;&amp;                     field .InternalName != "_dlc_DocIdPersistId" &amp;&amp;                     field .InternalName != "Combine" &amp;&amp; // sucks                     field .InternalName != "RepairDocument" // sucks too         }   EDIT  Mixing suggestions by Viraj Gorajia and Dikesh Gandhi, my current solution is  bool thisColumnWasCreatedByUser =  field .FromBaseType == false &amp;&amp; (!field .SchemaXml.Contains(" SourceID=\"http")) &amp;&amp; // remove "Title", "Combine", "RepairDocument"  (!field .EntityPropertyName.StartsWith("OData__")) // field .Sealed == true could be working too but I don't know if it could exclude valid results I am trying to use the Directory.GetFiles() method to retrieve a list of files of multiple types, such as mp3's and jpg's.  I have tried both of the following with no luck:  Directory.GetFiles("C:\\path", "*.mp3|*.jpg", SearchOption.AllDirectories); Directory.GetFiles("C:\\path", "*.mp3;*.jpg", SearchOption.AllDirectories);   Is there a way to do this in one call? Is it possible to install Ubuntu without formatting any partitions? Can I install Ubuntu without formatting any partitions on my hard drive?  I am already running Windows 7 and I want to install Ubuntu as well without formatting any of the partitions I have already created. I'm looking for a word that applies to all the things a person can wear, e.g. clothes, shoes, accessories, etc. It musn't be too generic, e.g. product, item, etc. I am struggling to find such languages $L_{1}$, $L_{2}$, and $L_{3}$ such that  $$ L_{1} \subseteq L_{2} \subseteq L_{3} $$ where $L_{1}, L_{3} \notin  \mathbb{R}$ and $L_{2} \in  \mathbb{R}$.  I know they exist, I need help finding them. Primary decomposition of a monomial ideal Can anyone give me an idea about the primary decomposition of the ideal $I=(x^3y,xy^4)$ of the ring $R=k[x,y]$?    I am trying to connect the primary decomposition with the set Ass(R/I) which i have find before.. In my family we have a DNA contradiction – two cousins (at about the 4th cousin level) took a Y-DNA test, but did not match and had two completely different haplogroups.   Since then, I have traced living cousins with the same surname – the only ones left living that I am aware of – and I would love to pay to have them tested to see if we can figure out where the non-paternity event (NPE) or other event happened (i.e. this new cousin could help us determine which line the NPE occurred in depending on which cousin he matches).   Does anyone have a sample letter, or know the best way to go about asking a distant cousin for DNA?   I have their address and am planning to write a letter, but I can't imagine receiving such a letter, so I am not quite sure how to ask without scaring them off. How to send variable to an inline shell-script? How Can I View All The Reputation Gained/Lost For One Specific Question If I would like to view all of the reputation I have gained or lost due to one specific question of my own, how can this be done?  Is it possible for someone with, say, 421 rep on the site in question? Since I am a regular Stack Overflow follower, I came across this and was shocked a bit regarding the design and user experience perspective.  Attaching picture 1 - it states that I can click any site and view a synopsis about it. Clear!!!    Attaching Picture 2 - you can see that when I clicked Webmasters, the design wants me to scroll horizontally to view all information and basically it hides information.    It would be nice, if it did something like below : Bearing in mind I am a layman - with no background in physics - please could someone explain what the "big deal" is with quantum entanglement?  I used to think I understood it - that 2 particles, say a light-year apart spatially, could affect each other physically, instantly.  Here I would understand the "big deal".  On further reading I've come to understand (maybe incorrectly) that the spatially separated particles may not affect each other, but in knowing one's properties you can infer the other's.  If that it the case, I don't see what the big deal is... 2 things have some properties set in correlation to each other at the point of entanglement, they are separated, measured, and found to have these properties...?  What am I missing? Is it that the particles properties are in an "un-set" state, and only when measured do they get set?  (i.e. the wave-function collapses).  If this is true - why do we think this instead of the more intuitive thought that the properties were set at an earlier time? I have to deal with a large number of files nested inside of directories (one file per directory), resembling something like this:  fred/result.txt john/result.txt mary/result.txt ...   I am currently using the following command to process each of those files:  find . -maxdepth 1 -type d \( ! -name . \) -exec bash -c \"cd '{}' &amp;&amp; processResult result.txt\" \;   I am looking for something I can add into the end of this command that will change the filenames to fred.txt, etc. and then later move the file into the parent directory to eliminate the extra layer of directories.  What would be the best way to do this?