Starting the Ubuntu Installation
How do I install Ubuntu?
Derivative of an even function is odd and vice versa Syntax of bash alias definition I'm using Cygwin, and have installed all the developer packages as well as most if not all of the other packages. When I provide an alias for gcc, I get the error  -bash: alias: gcc: not found   What could I be doing wrong?  I am typing the following command into the terminal:  alias gcc "gcc -ansi -Wall -g -O0 -Wwrite-strings -Wshadow -pedantic-errors -fstack-protector-all"   FYI, this alias works on other systems. What is the purpose of the word 'self'? What's the difference between Wubi and a regular "alongside Windows" installation? Why must a singularity form inside a black hole? Say you have the infinitely continued fraction: $$x+\cfrac{1}{x^2+\cfrac{1}{x^3+\cfrac{1}{x^4+\ddots}}}$$ When $x=1$, you can see that it's $$1+\cfrac{1}{1+\cfrac{1}{1+\cfrac{1}{1+\ddots}}}$$ which converges upon the golden ratio $\phi = 1.61803398875...$. What if I were to plug in $x=2$? $$2+\cfrac{1}{4+\cfrac{1}{8+\cfrac{1}{16+\ddots}}}$$ Using a caluclator, it seems to converge upon the irrational number: $2.24248109286...$ Is there any way I can represent this irrational number algebraically? Recovering files from harddrive My laptop got broken (by what it seems the graphics card burned) and it is so old that it is not worth fixing it.   I took the harddrive from it and tried to use it as external hard drive with other computer, however I cannot access all the data, ie anything that is inside my user folder (it shows it to be empty). Couldn't find anything to solve it. Why don't cameras show an "accurate" histogram? Why don't cameras show a histogram based on the RAW data rather than on the JPG preview?  I know that a RAW file is not a viewable image and can't be displayed without applying curves and defining how the image should be interpreted. But why don't cameras show a histogram that accurately shows how much latitude I have in the image?  For example when shooting high contrast scenes (for example at sunrise) I know that I can overexpose the highlights to a certain extent to retain detail in the shadows and bring those areas that appear clipped in the JPG preview back in post.  But every camera I've worked with shows me the histogram based on the JPG preview and the picture style and tells me that those areas are clipped.   Is there no way of seeing the actual dynamic range captured by the sensor? Why does no camera manufacturer implement that? It shouldn't be too difficult. MacPorts fails to find 'make' I've installed Xcode and MacPorts on a brand new mid-2013 MacBook Air, but MacPorts doesn't work, saying that it cannot find anything.  mba:~ cnst$ sudo port install wget Warning: The Command Line Tools for Xcode don't appear to be installed; most ports will likely fail to build. Warning: See http://guide.macports.org/chunked/installing.xcode.html for more information. ---&gt;  Computing dependencies for wgetError: Unable to execute port: can't read "build.cmd": Failed to locate 'make' in path: '/opt/local/bin:/opt/local/sbin:/bin:/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin' or at its MacPorts configuration time location, did you move it? mba:~ cnst$   And, indeed, there is no make or clang in the path, but it is definitely installed, though:  mba:~ cnst$ find /Applications -name "clang" -or -name "make" /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin/clang /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/lib/clang /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/usr/bin/make mba:~ cnst$   Why is there no make or clang in the path?  Why MacPorts doesn't work?  I notice that  mentions that you have to install something from ADC, Apple Command Line Developer Tools, but ADC doesn't work since last Thursday or Friday due to their security breach, so, the developer tools are nowhere to be found.  What's the proper solution here? Prove that $x^2 + y^2 = 3(z^2 + m^2)$ has no solutions in integer Are units in English singular or plural? How can I control HDD spin down time? I have 2 HDDs in my PC. Ubuntu is turning off the secondary HDD very quickly after about 15 minutes, which is short for me. I need to control this time. How can I do it?  I tried GNOME power management but did not find it useful. Is there a specific reason for having a very short window for passengers to get to the boarding gate before closing it? I am not a frequent traveler but it's been like this with all the flights I have been on. Here is the most recent example:  Below is my boarding pass    As you can see Gate Closes at 20:20  Here is the departures board at 18:32, clearly it says that they will announce the boarding gate at 20:10  ?!    I was hoping they will do that earlier but at 19:41 it's still the same    In fact they announced it at 20:11 but since I was freaking out and had to leg it to the gate I didn't have the time to take a photo.  You might think 9 minutes is enough, well below are the times required to reach the gates from the closest place to them     And that's for a healthy young person, no way my grandmother could be able to be at the gates within 9 minutes.  Is there a specific reason? it's not like they allocate the gate dynamically! The staff must have known about the gate hours ago as I don't expect the pilot to drive the airplane from the garage to the gate within 9 minutes? Programmatically selecting non adjacent Cells How many objects are being created? Alternative to Adobe Illustrator Can you recommend a good alternative to Adobe Illustrator?   I am learning vector based graphic design, but I am not ready to make such a large investment as to purchase a copy of Adobe Illustrator. Also, Illustrator might be a little more power than I need at the moment. I am using a Macintosh. My PC has 8 Gb of ram. Is there any way to make ubuntu use most of it? I mean rarely drop caches and keep once opened programms in ram longer, preload apps on boot, etc. let ${v_1}, {v_2} $ be orthonormal basis for subspace $W$. Prove that if $z$ is a vector in $W$, then Did spacetime start with the Big bang? Common lines between two files I have the following code that I run on my Terminal.  LC_ALL=C &amp;&amp; grep -F -f  genename2.txt hg38.hgnc.bed &gt; hg38.hgnc.goi.bed   This doesn't give me the common lines between the two files. What am I missing there?