difference between class self attributes and inline class variables
What is the difference between class and instance attributes?
Where and how does the Bleach anime diverge from the manga? I've seen almost all of the Bleach anime (at least what's been released dubbed), and I'm now interested in reading the manga. However, when the manga closely follows the anime I've already seen, I tend to get bored quickly. Thus, I'd want to pick up the manga at a point right before the anime began to diverge.  At what point in the manga is this? How can one show that a möbius transformation maps the unit circle to some axis? Suppose I have the möbius transformation f(z) = $\frac{1+z}{1-z}$ and I want to show that it will map the unit circle (excluding the point 1) to the imaginary axis.  Would it help to express my unit circle in polar form?     Here's what I did: f(e$^{i\theta}$) = $\frac{1+e^{i\theta}}{1-e^{i\theta}}$  But I'm not sure where to go from this step. Use LaTeX to produce Epub I'm asking here a question which was asked on the italian TeX group forum.  Is there a way to produce Epub output automatically from a LaTeX source?  I should remark that Epub is just HTML+a subset of CSS+some XML for metadata, packed in a ZIP file. So one can settle with the existing tools for HTML conversion. Still something better could be done for Epub output.  In the first place, Epub accepts only a subset of CSS. Then it would be nice to produce the file with the metadata from the LaTeX source too. Finally, I'm not sure how it works, but Epub files allow for automatic hyphenation of words. By this I mean that hyphenation can be specified in the Epub file itself, so that a reader will not need to know hyphenation rules. Note that since Epub files are resizable, all possible points of hyphenation must be specified. How do I get Pokémon Go to detect my phone's orientation? When initiating a battle it starts off in AR mode, but then warns me saying my phone's orientation is not detected. I am then forced to turn off AR mode. Has anybody experienced this? If so, what are the solutions?    Per comments, I am unsure this is a permissions issue. I have everything turned on. I'm having some issues SSH'ing to a server when logged into a particular VM.  From my local PC, I can log in to the server just fine using the command ssh -i .ssh/[my private key] username@domain.  If I then SSH into another unrelated server which also has the same private key and run the above command it will also log in just fine in to the server.  But, when I SSH into a particular OpenStack VM (again has the same private key) on the unrelated server and then SSH in to the server from there I start getting prompted for a passphrase. But a passphrase hasn't been set for the key so inevitably I get a "Permission denied (publickey)." error.  To double check, I removed the private key from the VM and scp'd the private key from my PC into it again and tried the same command I still get prompted for a passphrase.  In other words:   PC - SSH - Server1 = Works fine  PC - SSH - Server2 - SSH - Server1 =     Works fine  PC - SSH - Server2 - SSH - Virtual Machine - SSH - Server 1 =         Asks for a passphrase   What could be the reason behind this? It's definitely the right private key I'm using and it has the appropriate permissions.  Edit - Output of ssh -v -i .ssh/[my private key] username@domain as requested  OpenSSH_7.4p1, OpenSSL 1.0.2k-fips  26 Jan 2017 debug1: Reading configuration data /etc/ssh/ssh_config debug1: /etc/ssh/ssh_config line 58: Applying options for * debug1: Connecting to xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx [xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx] port 22. debug1: Connection established. debug1: key_load_public: No such file or directory debug1: identity file /.ssh/[my private key].ppk type -1 debug1: key_load_public: No such file or directory debug1: identity file /.ssh/[my private key].ppk-cert type -1 debug1: Enabling compatibility mode for protocol 2.0 debug1: Local version string SSH-2.0-OpenSSH_7.4 debug1: Remote protocol version 2.0, remote software version OpenSSH_7.2p2 Ubuntu-4ubuntu2.4 debug1: match: OpenSSH_7.2p2 Ubuntu-4ubuntu2.4 pat OpenSSH* compat 0x04000000 debug1: Authenticating to xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx:22 as '[my username]' debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT sent debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT received debug1: kex: algorithm: curve25519-sha256@libssh.org debug1: kex: host key algorithm: ecdsa-sha2-nistp256 debug1: kex: server-&gt;client cipher: chacha20-poly1305@openssh.com MAC: &lt;implicit&gt; compression: none debug1: kex: client-&gt;server cipher: chacha20-poly1305@openssh.com MAC: &lt;implicit&gt; compression: none debug1: kex: curve25519-sha256@libssh.org need=64 dh_need=64 debug1: kex: curve25519-sha256@libssh.org need=64 dh_need=64 debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_KEX_ECDH_REPLY debug1: Server host key: ecdsa-sha2-nistp256 SHA256:ZiugTjR5fM0E3evOwHoePFKspDQChA0Ab6L0q88KP/g debug1: Host 'xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx' is known and matches the ECDSA host key. debug1: Found key in /home/centos/.ssh/known_hosts:2 debug1: rekey after 134217728 blocks debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS sent debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS received debug1: rekey after 134217728 blocks debug1: SSH2_MSG_EXT_INFO received debug1: kex_input_ext_info: server-sig-algs=&lt;rsa-sha2-256,rsa-sha2-512&gt; debug1: SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_ACCEPT received debug1: Authentications that can continue: publickey debug1: Next authentication method: publickey debug1: Trying private key: /.ssh/[my private key].ppk Enter passphrase for key '/.ssh/[my private key].ppk': Enter passphrase for key '/.ssh/[my private key].ppk': Enter passphrase for key '/.ssh/[my private key].ppk': debug1: No more authentication methods to try. Permission denied (publickey). How to debug EntityMalformedException? I've got fatal error EntityMalformedException: Missing bundle property on entity of type node. in entity_extract_ids() (line 7700 of .\includes\common.inc) when trying to access user/xyz.  I tried to retrieve info about the malformed node at line 7700, where the error message is built, thinks like :  if (!isset($entity-&gt;{$info['entity keys']['bundle']}) || $entity-&gt;{$info['entity keys']['bundle']} === '') {  dpm($info);// or dpm($entity);  throw new EntityMalformedException(t('Missing bundle property on entity of type @entity_type.', array('@entity_type' =&gt; $entity_type))); }   dpm($entity) returns an unexpected user object, and $info a huge qty of things.   Could somebody put me on the right way ?  I already read whatever I could find about Missing bundle property errors, but none helped solving.  dpm($entity) returns  uid (String, 2 characters ) 70 name (String, 9 characters ) John pass (String, 55 characters ) $S$DUwPuOuDPiDL4nRTYXqc7a5uOfMKey7pyhOFUEKka1XM... mail (String, 30 characters ) john@example.com theme (String, 0 characters ) signature (String, 0 characters ) signature_format (String, 13 characters ) filtered_html created (String, 10 characters ) 1396286331 access (String, 10 characters ) 1397146661 login (String, 10 characters ) 1396513460 status (String, 1 characters ) 1 timezone (NULL) language (String, 2 characters ) fr picture (NULL) init (String, 30 characters ) john@example.com data (Array, 5 elements) roles (Array, 1 element) og_user_node (Array, 0 elements) message_subscribe_email (Array, 1 element) field_bio (Array, 0 elements) field_name_first (Array, 1 element) field_name_last (Array, 1 element) field_facebook_url (Array, 0 elements) field_linkedin_url (Array, 0 elements) field_twitter_url (Array, 0 elements) user_trusted_contacts (Array, 1 element) group_group (Array, 1 element) group_access (Array, 1 element) metatags (Array, 0 elements) rdf_mapping (Array, 3 elements) realname (String, 13 characters ) John Doe content (Array, 13 elements) entity_view_prepared (Boolean) TRUE privatemsg_disabled (Boolean) FALSE Match-3 algorithm to fill empty space left from removing matches I am currently creating a match 3 game.   I am at the point where I have objects dropping down in the column when only one item is removed. So if an item is removed, the above item moves into its old position etc.  The problem I am having now is that when more than one item is removed from a column, the items in that column only drop down to the first item that was removed. Instead of filling in both items that were removed it just drops down to fill in the first one.   So basically, if two(or more) items are removed from a column the second, third, fourth, etc positions are left blank.  The way I am designing my game is I am using units of 1. So each item takes up 1 unit by x and 1 unit by y. This means that I can position the items like in a grid, at 0x1, 0x2, etc.   What kind of algorithm could I use to move multiple items down to fill the empty space? How are unbalanced forces even possible, given Newton's 3rd law? SQL Services Wont Start After Removing TLS Suppose we have a sample of size n= 9, where the sum equals 27, and the sum of the squaredvalues equals 113. Sample mean is 27/9=3 and mean of squared values is 113/9 = 12.56 Can we then say that the sample variance $S^2 = E(\overline X^2) - E(\overline X)^2 = 12.55 - 9 = 3.56$ ? The question is how can I exclude an object from the freestyle render?  What I need to do is create a Clay render with the wire only on the airplane.  My scene is simple I only have two objects the "Toy Plane" and the "floor". For the Clay render I only override the materials to a simple clay material and done.    But this happens when I use freestyle. How can I tell freestyle to ignore the "Floor"? Git is automatically merging changes from a different branch to master During Winterbash 2014, there was a hat called , which was earned by giving an answer scoring 5 or better to question that had a score of −3 or worse at the time of answering and later rose to a score of +3 or better.  I’ve already shared the . Those cases give me a great deal of confidence that this would be a challenging badge trigger that would produce good behavior with a minor tweak. Here are the Red Barons earned on other sites:    (Logan Maingi) Mathematics  (Mike Miller) Mathematics  (Hugo) English Language and Usage  (tchrist) English Language and Usage  (Mr. Shiny and New 安宇) English Language and Usage  (Darth Satan) Science Fiction and Fantasy  (DVK) Science Fiction and Fantasy  (rolfl) Code Review  (Heslacher and Hosch250) Code Review  (Edward) Code Review  (janos and Manny Meng) Code Review  (Mark Mayo, Rory Alsop and MeNoTalk) Travel      (DJClayworth) Christianity  (McMagister) Puzzling   Looking through the timelines, I’m convinced that the answerer’s votes should be excluded from the pre-answer question score calculation. Doing that would have reduced the number of Red Barons to 16 across the network. However, the cost of making a badge harder to obtain is worth the benefit of avoiding giving people an incentive to manipulate question scores¹.  To wrap up, the hat seemed to have encouraged a number of great answers and rescued some questions that would otherwise have been lost to time. My outstanding questions are:   Were there any problems on questions where people were attempting to earn the hat, but failed? (Or any other problems I didn’t observe.) If not, should we  or create a new badge? If we create a new badge, what should it be called?   I’m especially interested in feedback that counters my own bias in favor of this idea. If I’m missing any problems, I’d like to know about them now.    ¹ Several questions were downvoted, answered, edited (sometimes trivially)  and upvoted by the user who earned the hat. Custom blocks created as a plugin in a module not showing for Block::load() I have a couple of blocks that have been created using the ... extends BlockBase syntax in my module. They work perfectly fine, and I can add them on the blocks layout page, can add them into DS as a field, etc. They definitely exist fine.  However, when I try and render them using Block::load(), they won't show up, unlike other blocks that work fine.  For example, if I have the following docblock:  /**  * Provides a 'Cute Cats' Block.  *  * @Block(  *   id = "cute_cats",  *   admin_label = @Translation("Cute cats yo"),  * )  */  class CuteCats extends BlockBase { ... }   ... and then try and call it like this:  $block = \Drupal\block\Entity\Block::load('cute_cats'); return render(\Drupal::entityTypeManager()   -&gt;getViewBuilder('block')   -&gt;view($block));   Any idea why? Thanks in advance. Suppose that $X_1,X_2,\ldots,X_n$ is a random sample from a distribution with probability function:  $$p_X(x)=\begin{cases} 1/2 &amp;x=-1,1 \\ 0 &amp; \text{otherwise} \end{cases}$$  Now if we define the average   $\bar{X}= \frac{1}{n} \sum X_i$, I need to show that that for an odd $n$ the probability function for $\bar{X}$ is:  $$p_{\bar{X}} (x)= \frac{\binom{n}{\frac{n}{2} (x+1)}}{2^n}$$ for $x=\pm 1/n,\pm 3/n,\ldots,\pm 1$, $0$ otherwise.    Since $P[\sum X_i=k] =P [\bar{X}=k/n ]$, I thought it would be easier to first derive the probability function for the sum. Since they are still $2^n$ n-tuples and each one is equilikely, I need to count the ones whose sum is $k$ for:  $k=\pm 1,\pm 3,\ldots \pm n-2,\pm n$ (since even numbers are not a feasible combination)  The problem here though is that I do not immediately recognize how I could count all these tuples. Could you please help me with this? If it is easier to proceed another way, I am of course all ears. $\displaystyle\int_0^0\frac 1x\:dx$ This integral is defined ? If it define, what is the value ?  Please,step by step Obtaining remote host name in bash script Sorry my knowledge of Linux bash commands is pretty basic, I've been searching for a while but I'm not 100% sure what I need to search for.  I was wondering if there's a way to grab the current logged in users remote host name in a Linux bash script? I have a script in which I need to log each time a user runs it. I'm obtaining the date like so:  cdat=`/bin/date +%a' '%d' '%h' '%Y', '%H':'%M`;   I now need to add the users remote host (not the username they logged in with). I'm not 100% sure I'm using the right terminology here either, just to clarify; by 'remote host name' I mean the same output that prints on the screen on most servers I've logged into over ssh, for example:  Last login: Mon Jul 22 16:35:09 2013 from win7-i7-stuart.my.domain.com   I'm looking for the win7-i7-stuart.my.domain.com bit. Determining the characteristic of a field If $\mathbb{F}=\{ 0,1,x,y\}$ is a field with four elements, why is the characteristic 2?   In a field with four elements, the characteristic is 2 or 3(since it has to be a prime). Is there any way to determine precisely the characteristic of this field, and in general any finite field? Since one or two months ago, my laptop with ubuntu 12.10x64 hangs during shutdown. There's just a black screen, no harddisk activity, it justs sits there. I feel it happens near the end of a normal shutdown cycle, judging from time elapsed.  Only resolution is hard power-off (holding power key for several seconds) - neither Ctrl-Alt-Backspace (which normally works, I have it switched on in Settings) nor Ctrl-Alt-Del help, nor can I get into a text console with Ctrl-Alt-F1.   How do I diagnose that? It does not happen on every shutdown, but often enough to be annoying (as it forces a diskcheck on reboot, of course).   Which log files can tell me what's going wrong? More or less blindly searching in the sys log viewer reminds me of needles in a haystack.  I imagine I could pinpoint the time it happens via log timestamps, but how do I read timestamps like e.g. in kern.log: [36169.146130]? How do I get this human-readable?  Lastly, a bit of a btw, I've never managed to execute an Alt-Sysrq-REISUB to force a cleaner shutdown, but that's probably because I'm on a laptop, PrintScr is only accessible via an Fn key, and I'm not sure of the exact key sequence I need. Is there a "harmless" but user-visible magic command I could practice this with (during normal operation), so I can find out how to do a REISUB next time?  Thanks all! Comment if you need additional data... What are the pieces of evidence that universe is expanding?