What is the difference between the Mann-Whitney and Wilcoxon rank-sumtest?
Is the W statistic output by wilcox.test() in R the same as the U statistic?
Checking if two Poisson samples have the same mean This is an elementary question, but I wasn't able to find the answer.  I have two measurements: n1 events in time t1 and n2 events in time t2, both produced (say) by Poisson processes with possibly-different lambda values.  This is actually from a news article, which essentially claims that since $n_1/t_1\neq n_2/t_2$ that the two are different, but I'm not sure that the claim is valid.  Suppose that the time periods were not chosen maliciously (to maximize the events in one or the other).  Can I just do a t-test, or would that not be appropriate?  The number of events is too small for me to comfortably call the distributions approximately normal. Optimize table layout What to do when OP answers his/her own question in an edit? Reference question:   Sometimes users solve their own questions, which is great. Sometimes they say they've solved it and move on, which is not so great. The above question is middle-ground: the user posted an answer to his own question, but as an edit to the question instead of as a real answer.  Should any action be taken in such a case? The obvious solution is to copy the edit into a real answer. But is this the right solution? In this case, the answer is a little hidden and there are no other answers, so it appears on the unanswered list.     Related: What's the best way to write subsequences?  $x_n_i$ gives an error, while $x_{n_{i}}$ works, but it just looks like $x_{ni}$ (the i isn't lowered enough below the n)... Seeing close-vote details if I've already voted If I've already voted to close a question, it would still be nice to see the details of others' votes — the suggested migration if it's being marked as off topic, or the suggested duplicate if it's being marked as an exact duplicate, for instance. Instead, I only see "You have already voted to close this question" and the overall category. fontawesome icons are getting too big using XeLaTeX The following example must be compiled with XeLaTeX to reproduce the issue.  % arara: xelatex \documentclass{article} \usepackage{fontawesome} \begin{document} Text Text \faMobilePhone\ Text Text \end{document}   Normally I am using TeXworks to compile and view the output. With the internal viewer I am getting the desired result. The following image demonstrates it:    However if I open the pdf with Preview (viewer of Mac) the scaling of the icon fails.     If I open the pdf file with Adobe Acrobat Reader the icon is still scaled correctly. If I print the page my printer is also not able to scale the icons correctly.   If I use LuaLaTeX everything seems to work correctly.   Can you reproduce the issue and do you know a solution? drush/drush dev-master requires codegyre/robo ~1.0.0-beta1 I'm transitioning a Drupal 6 site to Drupal 8.1 so following the official instructions, I set up a new install in its own directory. Since this is only one site, I followed the instructions to put my database credentials in sites/default/default.settings.php after the declaration of the $databases array.  Running drush --status returns the following.  Drush version          :  8.1-dev                                           Drush temp directory   :  /tmp                                              Drush configuration    :                                                    Drush alias files      :                                                    Drupal root            :  /media/psf/Home/apps/newp                         Drupal Settings File   :  MISSING   Since this Drupal is 8.1-dev that must mean I need to upgrade it. Since this is a global install using Composer, I run composer global update.     Your requirements could not be resolved to an installable set of   packages drush/drush dev-master requires codegyre/robo ~1.0.0-beta1   Checking the drush-ops page on github doesn't show any anomalies like this nor my Google search.   What am I overlooking? I am being prompted with the following error while using \pagestyle{headings} on a book class LaTeX document:  Overfull \hbox (240.44835pt too wide) has occurred while \output is active \OT1/cmr/m/sl/12 CHAPTER 1. THE CITY OF CARTHAGE WAS THE CENTRE OF THE ANCIENT CARTHAGINIAN CIVILIZATION \OT1/cmr/m/n/12 2   The following is the offending code:  \documentclass[12pt,letterpaper,oneside]{book}  \pagestyle{headings}   \begin{document}  \pagenumbering{arabic}  \chapter{The city of Carthage was the centre of the ancient Carthaginian civilization} The city of Carthage was the centre of the ancient Carthaginian civilization. The city developed from a Phoenician colony of the 1st millennium BC into the capital of an ancient empire.[2] The area of Carthage was before inhabited by Berber people who also became the bulk of Carthage's population and constituted a significant part of its army, economy and administration. Native Berbers and settling Phoenicians in Carthage mixed in different ways including religion and language, creating the Punic language and culture.  The name of Carthage, Latin: Carthago or Karthago,  meaning "New City"   The first civilization that developed within the city's sphere of influence is referred to as Punic (a form of the word "Phoenician") or Carthaginian. The city of Carthage is located on the eastern side of Lake Tunis across from the centre of Tunis. According to Greek historians, Carthage was founded by Canaanite-speaking Phoenician colonists from Tyre (in modern Lebanon) under the leadership of Queen Elissa or Dido. It became a large and rich city and thus a major power in the Mediterranean. The resulting rivalry with Syracuse, Numidia, and Rome was accompanied by several wars with respective invasions of each other's homeland.  Hannibal's invasion of Italy in the Second Punic War culminated in the Carthaginian victory at Cannae and led to a serious threat to the continuation of Roman rule over Italy; however, the Romans gained the upper hand by invading Africa and defeating Carthage at the Battle of Zama in 202 BC. Following the Third Punic War, the city was destroyed by the Romans in 146 BC. However, the Romans refounded Carthage, which became the empire's fourth most important city and the second most important city in the Latin West. It later became the capital of the short-lived Vandal kingdom. It remained one of the most important Roman cities until the Muslim conquest, when it was destroyed a second time in 698.  The ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle wrote extensively on Carthaginian politics, and he considered the city to have one of the best governing institutions in the world, along with those of the Greek states of Sparta and Crete.[5][6]  \section{Topography} Carthage was built on a promontory with sea inlets to the north and the south. The city's location made it master of the Mediterranean's maritime trade. All ships crossing the sea had to pass between Sicily and the coast of Tunisia, where Carthage was built, affording it great power and influence.  \end{document}    The \hbox refers to:      How can I solve this issue using \pagestyle{myheadings}? Or how can I solve this issue keeping the book class heading format? I am going to shoot a wedding this weekend, and I want to do my best for my friend's big day.    What can I do to prepare for the day in order to minimize failures and mistakes? How do I avoid missing important shots? What backup plan should I have?   I have been shooting for 6 years or so, and I know wedding is one of the hardest thing to do. I have told my friend what I end up producing will be of no match with the work of dedicated wedding photographers, not even the ones that are about to fall out of business.  They are on a tight budget, they said some photos are still better than none, they really must minimize the cost as much as they can. I exaggerated again that my photos will be worse off than the cheapest wedding photographer you can find.  She has been a close friends for years, I want to do everything I can to help her.  Their wedding is at 12:30pm coming Sunday, I have visited the venue last Sunday at 12:30pm to check traffic condition and also the lighting.  The setup is mainly outdoor (no church), the indoor area will not have a good ceiling for bounce. Being at the middle of the day, this can mean some tricky fill flash. I have jot down a list of must-have shots. I am also asking for the seating plan and the event run-down.  Gear:   Canon EOS 60D , EF-S 15-85mm f/3.5-5.6 IS USM Canon EOS 450D (or I can borrow a 550D), EF 50mm f/1.4 Speedlite 580 EXII Speedlite 270 EXII Yongnuo 460 (a cheap but powerful manual flash as backup) Samsung EX-1 f/1.8 point and shoot (backup of a backup...?)   Other lenses that I have but I don't think will be useful:   50mm f/1.8 EF-S 50-250mm f/4.0-5.6 IS II EF-S 18-135mm f/3.5-5.6 IS (I have the better 15-85 on 60D, should I put this on the 450D as a backup allrounder?) EF-S 60mm f/2.8 Macro (should I replace 50mm f/1.4 with this for added macro? You can hardly use f/1.4 under direct sunlight if you want to have fill-flash)   I have two batteries for all cameras (60D 450D and EX1). I have like in total 64GB SD card (I am really inclined to get more, or bring a laptop for on-the-fly backup, or do both). I recently repaired my 580EXII, it has a brand new flash head so the recycle time is as good as it can be, I just need a tonne of batteries. No I don't have external power pack or battery grip for my cameras.  I have a great monopod, but a cheap tripod.  I am happy to bring everything, just putting them in the boot of my car. The carpark is on-site, walking from venue to my car is under 1 minute.  I will have my girlfriend carry the 450D and shoot details / non-portraits.  One concern that I have is fill flash, I really do not have a large surface to bounce off  from. I have shot events before but they are not as dynamic/critical as a wedding.  How do I prepare for differing weather conditions?  If its sunny, fill flash is probably going to be in every single shot. If its cloudy, I probably will turn off the flash. If it rains, my 60D should be fine I have used it in slight rain before, but I really don't know their plan and if they have extendable shelters etc.  What else should I prepare for? Having no experience I want to be as prepared as I can be. Maybe I have overlooked something, maybe there is something else I can do to ensure the shooting will go smoothly. Your help is greatly appreciated! Compute the moment generating function of $Y = X_1X_2 + X_1X_3 + X_2X_3$ How to get the ASCII value of a character Sci-fi book about a male entering a competition that he wins and gets recruited by millitary Is it bad to defrag a ssd? Or just pointless? I've read on some websites that it's bad to defrag an ssd. But I'm reading on this website now and one person was like "You didnt do any harm its just not necessary to defrag it." I feel like that's wrong since every other website I've read says it will damage the ssd. Proving the cross product matrix tranformation identity with an alternative solution I'm solving a problem from the book, Mathematics for 3D Game Programming and Computer Graphics, Third Edition, by Eric Lengley. The problem goes:  Let $N$ be the normal vector to a surface at a point $P$, and let $S$ and $T$ be tangent vectors at the point $P$ such that $S \times T = N$. Given an invertible 3 $\times$ 3 matrix $M$, show that $(MS) \times (MT) = (\text{det}M(M^{-1})^{T}(S \times T)$, supporting the fact that normals are correctly transformed by the inverse transpose of the matrix $M$.  The author provided a hint stating we can represent $(MS) \times (MT)$ as $$ (MS) \times (MT) = \begin{bmatrix} 0 &amp; -(MS)_{z} &amp; (MS)_{y} \\  (MS)_{z} &amp; 0 &amp; -(MS)_{x} \\  -(MS)_{y} &amp; (MS)_{x} &amp; 0  \end{bmatrix} MT $$ We then find a matrix $G$ such that $$ GU = \begin{bmatrix} 0 &amp; -(MS)_{z} &amp; (MS)_{y} \\  (MS)_{z} &amp; 0 &amp; -(MS)_{x} \\  -(MS)_{y} &amp; (MS)_{x} &amp; 0  \end{bmatrix} M $$ where $$ U = \begin{bmatrix} 0 &amp; -S_{z} &amp; S_{y} \\  S_{z} &amp; 0 &amp; -S_{x} \\  -S_{y} &amp; S_{x} &amp; 0  \end{bmatrix} $$ and show that $G = (\text{det}M)(M^{-1})^{T}$ to solve the problem. I am aware that there is an  to this problem, but I would like to solve it through the hints provided. Unfortunately, I am only able to go as far doing: $$ G = \begin{bmatrix} 0 &amp; -(MS)_{z} &amp; (MS)_{y} \\  (MS)_{z} &amp; 0 &amp; -(MS)_{x} \\  -(MS)_{y} &amp; (MS)_{x} &amp; 0  \end{bmatrix} M U^{-1} $$ At this point, I do not know how to proceed with showing that $G = (\text{det}M)(M^{-1})^{T}$. How would you proceed? I'd like to ask for hints on solving the problem. The rulebook states that carrying capacity is the strength score times 15 (lbs). Find familiar allows me to get a hawk, which has a strength score of 5. This results in a carrying capacity of 75 lbs. This is well within the range of weights for small people such as gnomes or halflings. Does this mean my familiar can carry them and fly away (given they do not struggle)? Why does my shell script choke on whitespace or other special characters? Do I cast the result of malloc? I am not sure of the meaning of this sentence:     The significance of culture and identity in development has to do not so much with the cultural factor in the process of development as with abandoning Eurocentric development thinking.   I'm not sure what the use of as is supposed to convey. Does it mean "development has to do not so much ... as with abandoning", i.e. not as much as abandoning? Does the abandoning have more to do with it?  And the second question: Why does it use "has to do not so much". Why not "has not so much to do"? Is "have to" a verb? Spheres with csv file Why is "No new release found" when upgrading from a LTS to the next?