Difference between max and min uniformly distributed values
Distribution of range of Uniform $(0,1)$ distribution
Persistent Dummy Output The soundcard I want to use is detected and works (it only recently switched to dummy output and didn't allow me to go back). HDMI is no longer listed under Audio and Video - KDE Control Module; everything under audio module is set to dummy output and its the only 'soundcard' on the list now. I can view my previous sound cards in alsamixer, but changing the settings from there does nothing. How can I get my real soundcards to work again? I have already tried the following answers without success:  EDIT: name@name-desktop:~$ lspci -vvv | grep -A8 Audio 00:01.1 Audio device: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD/ATI] Kaveri HDMI/DP Audio Controller         Subsystem: ASRock Incorporation Kaveri HDMI/DP Audio Controller         Control: I/O+ Mem+ BusMaster+ SpecCycle- MemWINV- VGASnoop- ParErr- Stepping- SERR- FastB2B- DisINTx+         Status: Cap+ 66MHz- UDF- FastB2B- ParErr- DEVSEL=fast &gt;TAbort- &lt;TAbort- &lt;MAbort- &gt;SERR- &lt;PERR- INTx-         Latency: 0, Cache Line Size: 64 bytes         Interrupt: pin B routed to IRQ 43         Region 0: Memory at ff764000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=16K]         Capabilities: &lt;access denied&gt;         Kernel driver in use: snd_hda_intel         Kernel modules: snd_hda_intel -- 00:14.2 Audio device: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] FCH Azalia Controller (rev 01)         Subsystem: ASRock Incorporation FCH Azalia Controller         Control: I/O- Mem+ BusMaster+ SpecCycle- MemWINV- VGASnoop- ParErr- Stepping- SERR- FastB2B- DisINTx-         Status: Cap+ 66MHz- UDF- FastB2B- ParErr- DEVSEL=slow &gt;TAbort- &lt;TAbort- &lt;MAbort- &gt;SERR- &lt;PERR- INTx-         Latency: 32, Cache Line Size: 64 bytes         Interrupt: pin A routed to IRQ 16         Region 0: Memory at ff760000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=16K]         Capabilities: &lt;access denied&gt;         Kernel driver in use: snd_hda_intel  Could this image possibly help?:  There is another soundcard but I'm unsure of what its for because it never outputs sound, but it does have a lot of settings: that sound card is labelled as &quot;HD-Audio Generic&quot;.   So I went into Software &amp; Updates under the Additional drivers tab and I see this:  It was on Do not use the device so I changed it and applied the settings but unfortunately the soundcard isn't back even after reboot. Problems with macOS path on Synology NAS (SMB) I am having issues with macOS where, after mounting a drive it will mount new drives instead of just jumping to the sub-folder path within the mounted drive.   For example, I'm seeing where I send someone a path for in the "Video" drive on a Synology (smb://HAL9000/Video).  Instead of mounting the "Video" drive (smb://HAL9000/Video) and going to a sub-folder within the video drive labeled "GoPro -IMPORT", it will create a new drive on their desktop labeled "GoPro - IMPORT".    If I create a new sub-folder within "GoPro - IMPORT" and send them a link to that like (smb://HAL9000/Video/GoPro%20-%20IMPORT/Test), instead of taking to the sub-folder in the "Video" drive that they already have mounted on their desktop, it will create an entirely new drive labeled "Test" on their desktop.    I've tried reaching out to both Apple and Synology and had no luck with this.  I would appreciate any kind of help/support. I am looking to replicate black &amp; white maps in QGis, using hatching patterns and greyscales to indicate different categories of a continuous variable (example below).  It is possible/straightforward to do so in QGis? At first sight I only see color gradients and symbol fills.   ). Non-algebraically closed field in which every polynomial of degree $<n$ has a root My problem is to build, for every prime $p$, a field of characteristic $p$ in which every polynomial of degree $\leq n$ ($n$ a fixed natural number) has a root, but such that the field is not algebraically closed.  If I'm not wrong (please correct me if I am) such a field cannot be finite, by counting arguments. But on the other hand, the union of all finite fields (or of any ascending chain of finite fields) of characteristic $p$, which is what I get if I start with $F_p$ and add a root to each polynomial of degree $\leq n$ in each step, is the algebraic closure of $F_p$, hence algebraically closed. I don't see how I can control this process so that in the end I get a field that is not algebraically closed.  Any hint will be welcome. Thanks in advance. Why didn't Umbridge succeed in Slytherin? The new information released about Umbridge on Pottermore on Halloween was interesting in that it demonstrated how insidiously Dolores Umbridge applied her ruthless ambition over the years. From making her half-blood family disappear from public view, to oozing her way through the Ministry and up the ladder of success, basically unfettered -- although no one liked her as a person, despite her saccharine demeanor -- this woman was over and again awarded significant positions of power where she could do tremendous damage to others.   Some might see these as Slytherin traits. Some. &lt; shifty eyes > So I was surprised to read that while Umbridge was a Slytherin student at Hogwarts, she was consistently overlooked for positions of power and prestige within Slytherin itself.   Why didn't Umbridge succeed in Slytherin?  RESOURCE: Pottermore on Dolores Umbridge:  , Is -1 followed by a singular or plural noun? I have just migrated from Windows environment. I have installed Python 3.2 in a separate directory. How can I get the python installation path in Ubuntu shell?  Is there any way I can let the shell know/choose at runtime which python version is to be used for further code execution?  Are there any environment variables and search path kind of things in Ubuntu Linux as well? Samba+Windows: Allow multiple connections by different users? I have a machine running Ubuntu with Samba that I use to share stuff with my family's Windows machines in our local network.  Currently they access a share for movies/music/etc with one user.  I want to connect them to another share as a different user (for example, user "goytacaz").  When I try connecting to this new share, Windows gives me "Error 1219" and complains about multiple connections by the same user.  How do I get my machine to accept multiple connections by the same user? urlEvent is undefined According to the , /opt is for "the installation of add-on application software packages".  /usr/local is "for use by the system administrator when installing software locally".  These use cases seem pretty similar.  Software not included with distributions usually is configured by default to install in either /usr/local or /opt with no particular rhyme or reason as to which they chose.  Is there some difference I'm missing, or do both do the same thing, but exist for historical reasons? How to make a vf page with the same look &amp; feel as salesforce1, any ideas? How can I determine the height and the least number of generators of the ideal $ I=(xz-y^2,x^3-yz,z^2-x^2y) \subset K[x,y,z] $?      I tried to calculate the dimension of the vector space $I/I\mathfrak m$ with $\mathfrak m=(x,y,z)$, but I'm not able to find it.  I think the height is $2$, because the affine variety should be a curve, and also I know that the ideal is prime, so I need a chain $0\subset \mathfrak p \subset I$. Maybe $(xz-y^2)?$ Is it prime? I'm currently reading documentation about map projections to understand the source code of the Proj4 project.  The scale factor is named in a variety of sources I read. This sources explained its definition and its value for some projections.   In the source code of Proj4, for the mercator projection (sphere and ellipse case), the scale factor influences the coordinates on the projection :   //P-&gt;k0 is the scale factor xy.x = P-&gt;k0 * lp.lam; xy.y = - P-&gt;k0 * log(pj_tsfn(lp.phi, sin(lp.phi), P-&gt;e));   Why and how I should use the scale factor during the computation of the projection ? Is there any valuable resources on the web ?  This question in asked in the sense of projection computation. I can find the formula for the inverse and forward projection as well as the scale factor in a various of resources, but no one explains how I should use both in a algorithm. You have the definition of the projection and the definition of the scale factor, but it's not clearly written that I should multiply or divide the result by the scale factor.   Is it a general rule : if I find the formula for any projection with the related scale factor, should I, in all cases, always divide or multiply the results by the scale factor ? Do I need swap space if I have more than enough amount of RAM? From what I understand, the purpose of a swap partition in Linux is to free up some "not as frequently accessed" information from RAM and move it to a specific partition on your harddrive (at the cost of making it slower to read from or write to), essentially allowing active applications more of the "high speed memory".  This is great for when you are on a machine with a small amount of RAM and don't want to run into problems if you run out. However, if your system has 16 GB or 32 GB of RAM, and assuming you aren't running a MySQL database for StackExchange or editing a 1080p full length movie in Linux, should a swap partition be used? Website display problem - across all browsers whenever I go to  or  the page loads like this:    How can I fix this? Person falls into radiotelescope and his mind gets transported to the far future Replace and Association No processing tools in QGIS 3.2 The search parameter isanswered ignores acceptances We know that the "Harmonic Series" $$ \sum \frac{1}{n}$$ diverges. And for $p >1$ we have the result that the series converges $$\sum \frac{1}{n^{p}}$$ converges.   One can then ask the question of testing the convergence the following 2 Series:  $$\sum\limits_{n=1}^{\infty} \frac{1}{n^{k + \cos{n}}}, \quad \sum\limits_{n=1}^{\infty} \frac{1}{n^{k + \sin{n}}}$$ where $ k \in (0,2)$.  Only thing which i have as tool for this problem is the inequality $| \sin{n} | \leq 1$, which i am not sure whether would applicable or not.