Where did the energy from the CMBR go?
Redshifting of Light and the expansion of the universe
How does "this" keyword work within a function? I just came across an interesting situation in JavaScript.  I have a class with a method that defines several objects using object-literal notation.  Inside those objects, the this pointer is being used.  From the behavior of the program, I have deduced that the this pointer is referring to the class on which the method was invoked, and not the object being created by the literal.    This seems arbitrary, though it is the way I would expect it to work.  Is this defined behavior?  Is it cross-browser safe?  Is there any reasoning underlying why it is the way it is beyond "the spec says so" (for instance, is it a consequence of some broader design decision/philosophy)?  Pared-down code example:  // inside class definition, itself an object literal, we have this function: onRender: function() {      this.menuItems = this.menuItems.concat([         {             text: 'Group by Module',             rptletdiv: this         },         {             text: 'Group by Status',             rptletdiv: this         }]);     // etc } What are some examples of awkward sounding but grammatically correct sentences? What are some examples of awkward sounding but grammatically correct sentences? What do *args and **kwargs mean? What exactly do *args and **kwargs mean?  According to the Python documentation, from what it seems, it passes in a tuple of arguments.  def foo(hello, *args):     print hello      for each in args:         print each  if __name__ == '__main__':     foo("LOVE", ["lol", "lololol"])   This prints out:  LOVE ['lol', 'lololol']   How do you effectively use them? Which set is unwell-orderable? In textbook it says that every well-orderable set is equipotent to an initial ordinal number. However, of course unwell-orderable cannot equipotent to any ordinal number, but is there any set is unwell-orderable? By axiom of regularity we know that every set is well-founded, so can we conclude that every set is well-orderable? If not, which set is unwell-orderable? Firefox 33 doesn't see Java Plugin I am trying to enable Java (not JavaScript) in my Firefox v. 33 so that I can use applets within the browser.  Currently, I just get a dark gray box across the whole screen when I try to load an applet, without any error message or prompt to install plugin.  As per , I tried going into the Firefox plugin page to activate it, however, it wasn't there listed.  I do have Java 7 installed and it is in the path:  &gt;java -version java version "1.7.0_71" Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.7.0_71-b14) Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 24.71-b01, mixed mode)   What do I need to do to get Firefox to see my Java installation and recognize it as a plugin so that I can enable it and view applets inside the browser? I'm looking for one word which describes what a student who missed classes needs to do How to find the shortest path between opposite vertices of a cube, traveling on its surface? I am stuck with the following problem that says:      Let $A,B$ be the ends of the longest diagonal of the unit cube . The length of    the shortest path from $A$ to $B$ along the surface is :     $\sqrt{3}\,\,$  2.$\,\,1+\sqrt{2}\,\,$  3.$\,\,\sqrt{5}\,\,$ 4.$\,\,3$    My Try:   So, the length of the longest diagonal $AB=\sqrt{3}$. If I reach from $A$ to $B$ along the surface line $AC+CD+BD$, then it gives $3$ units. But the answer is given to be option 3.   Can someone explain? Thanks in advance for your time. Why do some actors in credits appear as - Character (As Actor) Ignore compile errors How can I set up a permanent compile loop that keeps trying even when there are errors? I'm using latexmk with a remote compile setup as discussed  and . However, if I save a document with a bug (either a legitimate bug, or I save it before closing a tag), then latexmk halts. Any suggests how I can have it pause, try again, and keep trying again, for ever and ever? Samsung galaxy S4 Blacked out Screen need to retreive files Is there a way to find review articles by the keyword? When I search for papers using some keywords in academic databases (like Google Scholar), there are lots of papers, but I would like to read literature reviews first because I’m new in that area. (By literature reviews, I mean article-length papers that analyze existing work on a specific topic.)  So I think it would be helpful for me if there were a way to find literature reviews using the keyword or using the paper’s title. I want to categorize papers I’ve found by its document type (research, survey, review, etc).  What I've tried is using a specific academic database (ScienceDirect), which provides an advanced search, in which one can filter the paper by its type (original research article, review article, short survey, etc) – but I feel some limitations of this method. I think I can also do this by adding the word review to my keywords for searching or by reading a paper’s abstract, number of references and guessing whether it is review article or not.  Is there a more efficient way to find review articles by the keyword?  (My research area is computer science.)  UPDATE  "feel some limitations" in my post, I'm not sure but it seems that ScienceDirect only searches for literatures that belongs to ElseVier company. I think It doesn't cover the journal articles well, comparing to e.g) Google Scholar so I said I feel some limitations of it How do I figure out what package something is in without resorting to Google? I often find myself wanting to install something, but I'm unsure of what package it's in. This is a very common occurrence for me:  $ make html sphinx-build -b djangohtml -d _build/doctrees   . _build/html make: sphinx-build: Command not found make: *** [html] Error 127  $ sudo apt-get install sphinx E: Unable to locate package sphinx  $ sudo apt-get install sphinx-build E: Unable to locate package sphinx-build   googles  $ sudo apt-get install python-sphinx   Is there a better way? The shellscript is very simple:  retroarch $* -c /tmp/retroarch/Data/retroarch/gambatte.cfg   ("retroarch" is another shellscript)  If the filename passed contains spaces it fails:  RetroArch [ERROR] :: Could not read ROM file. Restrict the access to suggested edit reviews on deleted posts on an answer deleted as rude/abusive is visible, even without logging in (and for users with less than 10k reputation). These users can't see the answer , via the , or a direct link to the .    This is a potential avenue for spammers, just like the suggested edit spam used to be, but is ; according to the :     In addition, in order to reduce the incentive for spammers to make spam edits that get rejected, suggested edit spam is hidden from logged-out users, so they can't show their clients public-facing pages with spam (so they won't get paid).   For this to work, the spammer would need two accounts, one to post the spam and a second one to suggest an edit. Even if the spam post is quickly nuked, the review link will be active forever. One could argue that logged-in users without 10k reputation shouldn't be able to see the suggested edits either; I'm partial to that. I have few friends.   I have a few friends.      I thought "few" means just one, two or even none. "A few" typically means more than two. However it seems to me some people say "few" when they really mean "a few", am I right? Is there a published way to take text that may have accent marks and remove the accent marks?  For example:  System.assertEquals('Hello', transform('Ḧéļḻṏ'));   I believe there is an equivalent method in Java, C# and JavaScript. I can't seem to find the Apex equivalent and I'm disturbed that I might have to do it on my own. Show that if $\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\neq 0$, then $\mathbb{Q}(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}) = \mathbb{Q}(\sqrt{a},\sqrt{b}), \forall a,b\in\mathbb{Q}$ How do you tell what brand/make/model of bike I have? Miktex Package Installation I recently installed MiKTeX with the texmaker editor and cannot figure out how to update the packages. When I attempt to use the subfigure package with the following preamble  \documentclass[a4paper,12pt]{article} \usepackage[english]{babel} \usepackage{graphicx} \usepackage{subfigure}   I then get a prompt to install a new package, which I then set to the online directory at ctan. I then get the following error:   ! LaTeX Error: File `subfig.sty' not found.Type X to quit or &lt;RETURN&gt; to proceed,or enter new name. (Default extension: sty)Enter file name:! Emergency stop.&lt;read &gt;   How do I properly install packages to miktex? I'm absolutely confused. Thanks in advance for any help. Let $A,B$ be real symmetric matrices, and for any $n\in \Bbb N^{+}$, and for all $x,y\in \Bbb R$, we have $$tr(xA+yB)^n=x^ntr(A^n)+y^ntr(B^n).$$  Show that $AB=0$.  My try:since $$(xA+yB)^n=x^nA^n+\binom{n}{1}x^{n-1}A^{n-1}yB+\cdots+\binom{n}{n-1}xA(yB)^{n-1}+y^nB^n$$ so $$tr\left(x^nA^n+\binom{n}{1}x^{n-1}A^{n-1}yB+\cdots+\binom{n}{n-1}xA(yB)^{n-1}+y^nB^n\right)=x^ntr(A^n)+y^ntr(B^n)$$  then  $$tr\left(\binom{n}{1}x^{n-1}A^{n-1}yB+\cdots+\binom{n}{n-1}xA(yB)^{n-1}\right)=0$$ so $$\binom{n}{1}x^{n-1}ytr(A^{n-1}B)+\cdots+\binom{n}{n-1}xy^{n-1}tr(AB^{n-1})=0$$ then I can't  I found this is a nice result, maybe this is an odd problem, and I can't solve it. Thank you.