How to delete Windows.old in Windows 8
How do I delete Windows.old in Windows?
How do you mock a Sealed class? Characterizing all ring homomorphisms $C[0,1]\to\mathbb{R}$. This is something I've been trying to work out this evening.      Let $R$ be the ring of continuous real-valued functions on $[0,1]$ with pointwise addition and multiplication. For $t\in [0,1]$, the map $\phi_t\colon f\to f(t)$ is a ring homomorphism of $R$ to $\mathbb{R}$. I'm trying to show that every ring homomorphism of $R\to\mathbb{R}$ has this form.   Suppose otherwise, that there is some $\phi\neq\phi_t$, and thus there is some $f_t\in R$ such that $\phi(f_t)\neq \phi_t(f_t)=f_t(t)$. Define $g_t=f_t-\phi(f_t)1\in R$. Here $\phi(f_t)1$ is the constant function sending $[0,1]$ to $\phi(f_t)$. Then $g_t(t)\neq 0$. My first small question is why does $\phi(g_t)=0$? It seems only that $\phi(g_t)=\phi(f_t)-\phi(\phi(f_t)1)$.  I would like to conclude that there are only finitely many $t_i$ such that $g(x)=\sum g_{t_i}^2(x)\neq 0$ for all $x$. Then $g^{-1}=1/g(x)\in R$, but $\phi(g)=0$, contradicting the fact that homomorphisms map units to units. How can we be sure there are only finitely many $g_{t_i}$ such that the sum of their squares is never $0$? Thanks. What are Guinan's powers from Star Trek: TNG? In Star Trek: The Next Generation episode "" (Season 2, Episode 16) Q seems disturbed by the presence of Guinan to the point of raising his hands as if to use his powers on her. Guinan responds by raising her hands as if to cast a "magic" spell of her own.   Is it ever established what powers she or her race may possess? Why is spectrum obtained by sunlight, said to be continuous? My teacher spoke about atomic spectra today, and he explained that, unlike the spectrum obtained by analyzing the sunlight, the spectra of atoms are not continuous.     I have a question about this - even the sunlight has the radiations emitted by the atoms of the elements which compose the sun, still spectra is continuous, which is in opposition to the statement that atomic spectra is discontinuous. So, spectrum obtained by sunlight is continuous even though it atomic spectra. In order to account for spectrum obtained by the sunlight to be continuous and atomic spectra to be discontinuous, can we confirm that sun consists of all those elements (sodium, helium, neon, mercury, etc) which emit the colors of frequency belonging to visible region? Should I always use the perfect present, when the sentence uses "never"? In my English classes, I was taught that never should not be used with past forms, only with present perfect forms; this is also what I read in a grammar book I bought some years ago. (I bought the book in the USA; I guess the book is about American English grammar, but I don't have any reason to believe there is any difference between American, and British English in this case.)  Is it correct to use never with the past tense?     I never said that.        I have never said that. I have created several designs for a particular project and they are related, but I don't want to have to keep recreating any similar elements, such as shared materials or textures.  How can I use the existing data in a new Blender file? Given the differential equation $$\dot x = -2x + u$$ determine the optimal control law $u = - kx$ that minimizes the performance index $$J = \int_0^{\infty} x^2 \, \mathrm d t$$  My approach was to find the state feedback $k$. But since the value of $R$ (positive semidefinite Hermitian) is not given, that means $R=0$. How do I determine the optimal control for this system where $R=0$? When learning a new subject, I would frequently use lecture notes found somewhere in the Internet. When writing a paper (or a master thesis, as in my case, but the rules should be similar, I believe) one should give some reference for used results which are not common knowledge, if I understand correctly. This make me wonder: what do I do if I want to reference a result I found in some notes?  The natural thing to do would be to just add these notes to bibliography. What format would be preferable for this? Note that there will generally not be much publishing information, perhaps not even a definite year and place. (A BibTeX template would be .)  Secondly, is it OK to cite such materials as a reference? I just replaced a broken light fixture in my closet. (The switch in the light fixture broke when I pulled too hard on the chain.)   When replacing the light fixture I noticed that there is only 30 V AC between the white and black wires. The ground wire is cut back and is not being used. By the way, the wiring in my house is all aluminum.   I know the new light fixture works. I checked it out with my multimeter, and I tried it in a different closet. But the light bulb won't turn on because there is only 30 V. (Even if I disconnect the light fixture completely there is still only 30 V.   It seems to me that it must be a problem with the wiring.  My attic does provide some (difficult) access to the wiring, but I am not sure where to start looking for the problem or what to look for. Can anyone offer some suggestions? $a\equiv\bar a\!\pmod{\!kn}\Rightarrow a\equiv\bar a\!\pmod{\! n};\ $ $(a\bmod kn)\bmod n=a\bmod n.\ $ Congruences persist mod factors of the modulus I noticed relation between modulo operation and number which is power of two  Example I have to calculate $ 3431242341 \mod 2^5 $, which is $ 5 $ but it is equivalent to  $ ( 3431242341 \mod 2^9 ) \mod 2^5 $   I tried many examples and it seems to be true in general, and I am not sure if it is a coincidence or true in general that I can use first modulo operation ( greater number) and the result will be the same. How to speed up 4e combat I DM a group of four PC's and even "easy" battles take at least an hour to resolve. Normal encounters take even longer! I want to speed up combat so my players can do more in a session.  I've been trying a lot to speed up combat, we are already using:   Initiative cards that the players keep up 30 second bonus rule: if someone take his turn within 30 seconds, he receives a token. This token can be used to give a +1 on attack or damage, after rolling. Completely removed healing surges Checked all character sheets, they are roughly equal Roll damage and attack at the same time   I even introduced an experienced player, which helped my party to play more strategic, but speed hasn't improved.  Also the party is Lv 8, nearing Lv 9.  This is not an issue of the DM's turn taking too long. My turns take about 60 seconds tops. The 30 second rule helps a lot, most of the the players turns are within or near 30 seconds.   The major issue appears to be the sheer number of rounds, averaging on 25-30 rounds needed to resolve even a "normal" encounter.  What can I change to resolve combat faster?  I'm looking for both 4e solutions, system agnostic and home brew solutions. Add a property to a JavaScript object using a variable as the name? I'm pulling items out of the DOM with jQuery and want to set a property on an object using the id of the DOM element.   Example  const obj = {}  jQuery(itemsFromDom).each(function() {   const element = jQuery(this)   const name = element.attr('id')   const value = element.attr('value')    // Here is the problem   obj.name = value })   If itemsFromDom includes an element with an id of "myId", I want obj to have a property named "myId". The above gives me name.  How do I name a property of an object using a variable using JavaScript? After my online research on the subject, I learnt that, biologically speaking, many scientists believe that there is no such thing as a race. Homo sapiens as a species is only 200,000 years old, which has not allowed for any significant genetic diversification yet, and our DNA is 99.99% similar. I've read statements that there can be more genetic variation inside a racial group than between different racial groups, meaning that, for example, two individuals from the same "race" can have less in common with each other than with an individual from another "race".  :     Scientists consider biological essentialism obsolete, and generally discourage racial explanations for collective differentiation in both physical and behavioral traits     Q1: If Homo sapiens has no races (according to biologists), why are we so different morphologically? (hair/eyes/skin colour and even athletic performance seem to differ between human populations)  Q2: Is it common for other species too, when genetically close populations have very different morphological traits? Are there any other mammal or animal species that exhibit biological diversity comparable to human diversity, and how do taxonomists treat these species? (excluding intentionally bred domestic species to keep the comparison fair)    The question has been paraphrased to emphasize that it is the biological debate that is in question, not the sociopolitical. I.e., why is there no consensus in evidence and opinions of scientists? Recently I decided to use only Ubuntu and there is no Windows in my laptop. When I turn on my laptop the GRUB menu is showing but I don't need to choose OS anymore.   How can I remove or hide this? And after removing this how could I access to recovery mode? TikZ externalization with absolute path and MiKTeX distribution This code:  \documentclass[11pt,openright]{book} \usepackage[T1]{fontenc} \usepackage[latin9]{inputenc} \usepackage[british]{babel}  \usepackage{tikz} \usetikzlibrary{external} \tikzexternalize[prefix={"C:/Users/MyName MySurname/Documents/LaTeX/Figures/"}]  %\tikzexternalize[prefix={Figures/}]   \begin{document} \begin{tikzpicture}     \draw (0,0) circle (1cm); \end{tikzpicture} \end{document}   gives me the error:     ! I can't write on file `"C:/Users/MyName   MySurname/Documents/LaTeX/Figures/MyMWE-figure0.md5"'.   I'm working with Windows 10, MiKTeX 2.9 distibution.  Following the advice Tarass gave me on a comment of this question:  and as indicated here:  I've registered a user-managed TEXMF directory but I still get the same error.  With \tikzexternalize[prefix={Figures/}] all works perfectly but, since I'm using LyX, the files are stored in a LyX temp dir, hence I loose them when I close the program (making externalization useless), so I need to use an absolute path. Example to prove that $ C^1[0,1] $ is not a Banach space for the uniform norm? The space $ C^1[0,1] $- the space of all continuously differentiable functions on $ [0,1]$ is not a Banach space with respect to the sup norm,$ \|.\|_{\infty} $ since the uniform limit of a continuously differentiable function need not be differentiable.  How can I illustate this statement using a counter example? Can I use $ f_{n}=\frac1 n \sin nx $ as a counter example?  Also, is $ C^1[0,1] $ is same as the space given by $ X=\{f\in C^1[0,1]:f(0)=0 \}$. Can I use the same example to show that this is not a Banach space?  More help is appreciated! Thanks! Copy a large data from sql query result In my sql server 2008, after running the query the data return is very huge say in millions. I tried copying but it gives an exception sql memory error. Can you let us know how can i copy the entire data and paste it into excel.  I don't want to export it to txt file as the data is not getting aligned. So i want to manually copy and paste it into excel. Please let me know the solution for thhis Maximum log level exceeded in Developer Console Recently I have regularly been getting the error message below when opening the Developer Console:     The Developer Console didn't set the DEVELOPER_LOG trace flag on your   user. Having an active trace flag triggers debug logging. You have 316   MB of the maximum 250 MB of debug logs. Before you can edit trace   flags, delete some debug logs.   It happens in sandbox and scratch orgs. Haven't tried in production.  This only started happening recently. It goes away after clearing the logs but comes back after a few test runs.  Also: the Debug->Clear->Log Panel action is not working for me -- the logs stay put. I can remove them using the Query Editor as described , but it's pretty tedious.  Two questions:   Does anyone know a way to prevent the logs from exceeding the max level? Perhaps by having old logs cleared out automatically? Is there a known issue with the Clear Log Panel action? I am using Chrome btw.   Thanks! Proving with induction $(1-x)^n<\frac 1 {1+nx}$ Prove using induction that $\forall n\in\mathbb N, \forall x\in \mathbb R: 0&lt;x&lt;1: (1-x)^n&lt;\frac 1 {1+nx}$   My attempt:   Base: for $n=1: 1-x&lt;\frac 1 {1+x}\iff 1-x^2&lt;1$, true since $0&lt;x&lt;1$.  Suppose the statement is true for $n$, prove for $n+1$:  $(1-x)^{n+1}=(1-x)(1-x)^{n}\overset{i.h}&lt;\frac{(1-x)}{1+nx}$  Now I got stuck, maybe another induction to show that $1+nx+x&lt;1+nx$? Is there another way?  Moreover, I was told it's wrong to begin with $(1-x)^{n+1}$ and reach to $\frac 1 {1+(n+1)x}$ but why? Is it assuming what I need to prove? FIELD_INTEGRITY_EXCEPTION: field integrity exception: unknown (invalid user or group: 005XXXXXXXXXXXX) I've a object called myobject__c. This object is private in OWD Setting.  Now when admin create a new record of this object then I want to share this record with a user(community user). For this I've written a code in trigger to create a sharing record of this object (myobject__Share).  But I am getting a problem of :-      FIELD_INTEGRITY_EXCEPTION: field integrity exception: unknown (invalid   user or group: 005XXXXXXXXXXXXX).   how can I solve this problem and second doubt is can we create share record for community user or not.