What's the difference between game-based and simulation-based security?
What are the differences between proofs based on simulation and proofs based on games?
How to delete kexts in Catalina? I have a 2014 MacBook Pro experiencing . Catalina does not allow kexts to be deleted via this method. Unless I am able to delete or disable this kext my laptop will shut down randomly. Anyone know how to remove kexts in Catalina? I want to color sketches in Photoshop, but when I prepared the sketch (using Levels, Hue, and other modifications) to turn it into workable line art, some details were missing. I think it depends on how you draw your sketch.  What are important steps for drawing a sketch (with pen or pencil) that is to be colored in Photoshop? A step-by-step instruction would be appreciated.  For instance, here it is the sketch    This is after my preparations in Photoshop This error message is being presented, any suggestions?     Allowed memory size of 33554432 bytes exhausted (tried to allocate   43148176 bytes) in php Is a constant condition more costly than switching shaders? Earth Engine convert list with coordinates and values into a feature collection for export I need to create a feature collection from a list containing coordinates and band values.  These are extracted from a landsat image as shown in this linked script.    I'm unable to find a solution in creating a feature collection.  Here is the tail end code.  var valuesList = joinedImage.reduceRegion({   reducer: ee.Reducer.toList(4),   geometry: myGeometry }).values().get(0);  var feature = ee.Feature(null, valuesList);   // Wrap the Feature in a FeatureCollection for export. var myFeatures = ee.FeatureCollection([feature]);   // Export the image, specifying scale and region. Export.table.toDrive(myFeatures, "data", "myData", "B4-B5",  "CSV");   This doesn't work, because it is clearly the wrong way to create the feature collection.  I've tried to create it similar to Rodrigo E. Principe's solution of mapping a Feature Collection but I can't seem to create the initial feature collection to start with. Who is the eponymous Jedi in Return of the Jedi? Non-na­tive speak­ers of­ten get con­fused about what the var­i­ous tens­es  and as­pects mean in English. With in­put from some of the folk here I've put to­geth­er a di­a­gram that I hope will pro­vide some clar­i­ty on the mat­ter.  I of­fer it as the first an­swer to this ques­tion. Con­sid­er it a liv­ing doc­u­ment. In­put is wel­come, and good sug­ges­tions will be  in­cor­po­rat­ed in­to the di­a­gram.    No­ta bene: What this is not is a dis­cus­sion of whether there are  more than two tens­es in English. , to which this ques­tion is not in­tend­ed to sup­ply ar­gu­ments one way or the oth­er.  Here, the aim is to pro­vide an overview of what con­struc­tions English-speak­ing peo­ple use for con­vey­ing in­for­ma­tion about ac­tions re­fer­ring to past, present, and fu­ture, and to pro­vide it first and fore­most to pre­cise­ly the peo­ple who are like­ly to use "tense" as a catch-all term in their search, rather than to lin­guists who know bet­ter.  Break­ing News There is now an ex­cel­lent ELU blog ar­ti­cle ti­tled  . It is high­ly rec­om­mend­ed read­ing. Sudoers blacklist How to repair Ubuntu installation after interrupted dist-upgrade without losing any custom settings? During my attempt to upgrade my Xubuntu 14.04 installation with  sudo apt-get dist-upgrade   I made the mistake of interrupting the process by closing my laptop, which caused it to suspend to disk. After re-opening, the monitor remained black, so I was forced to reboot the system. I have since discovered many failures of drivers (wlan0 missing, USB memory stick cannot be mounted, USB mouse not recognised, and maybe more undiscovered problems with hardware).   My beginner's attempts to manually repair the single problems could have made it even worse. During the installation of the current distribution I chose to encrypt my whole hard disk. Cannot do a `composer install` even though my minimum stability is listed as dev I am trying to build the master branch in my project after updating to 8.5.0, but am being met with an error from composer (which I did not get on my develop branch):     The requested package drupal/focal_point 1.0.0-beta6 is satisfiable by   drupal/focal_point[1.0.0-beta6] but these conflict with your   requirements or minimum-stability.   In my composer file, I have:  "drupal/focal_point": "^1.0",   as well as:  "minimum-stability": "dev",   How can I fix this so TravisCI gets unstuck? It worked fine for the develop branch, and the master is now updated with it. Selection of logical connectives {¬,∨,∧,⇒,⇔} in set theory? When to use an object pronoun or a possessive adjective before a gerund The rule says that we can use a possessive adjective or an object pronoun before a gerund. Is there a rule  that says when to use each or are they interchangeable? Some say that it's wrong to use an object pronoun before a gerund. How to replace a string with a string containing slash with sed? How can I speed up D&D 3.5e combat? Prospective PhD contacts potential supervisor but receives no answer after 2-3 emails, what to do? Say a prospective PhD has a high reply rate (90-95%) to first contact emails with potential superviors. He/She has a well thought out e-mail, but a particular professor (here: USA) that is in the top preferences does not reply after two to three e-mails that were sent within a time frame of three months. I also followed the instructions on the professor personal website in the section "prospective PhD students". The student has already contacted some of the advisor students and has received positive feedback about the professor.  Should the student just give up and move on? Should the student keep trying?  Aside from the obvious "I have too many incoming e-mails to answer" or "I am out in the field", what could create a no response behavior from the professor?  I have seen the simplistic answer "move on, bad advisor, doesn't have time, etc". But this seems a contradiction in this case. The PhD students like the professor and say he/she is personable and no e-mail response after a few well written emails. I'm having a really, really hard time figuring out how to install mods on Minecraft. I've looked everywhere I can think of for help but the information is almost always outdated or unhelpful.  I've seen on several sites about the use of something called Forge. The Mod I want to use requires 1.6.4 Forge and I have both Forge and the Mod folders sitting in my downloads folder.  I haven't installed any kind of mods for any game prior to this and I have little clue to the technical side of Minecraft, so please keep this in mind when you give me an answer please!  Things that might help you figure out how to help me:   I want to play this mod  and am using the 1.6.4 Forge given on a link that website gives I am running the latest version of X3 Terran Conflict (3.1) and after about 30 min - 1 hour it's memory usage goes well above 2 GB.  I only have 4 GB of ram, running Windows 7 64 bit.  As a result of X3 using more ram than is available, my hard drive starts paging and makes the game and other applications become unusable.  I have to restart the game.  Is anyone aware of this issue or how to fix it and is there any way in Windows or through some tool, to limit how much memory is given to the game?  Is this a bug in the game? Can this even be fixed?  I'm using some mods but I doubt any of them are causing this as they are simple mods like adding a tractor beam etc. divides, not divides and cardinalities In group theory it happens very often that you want to say: "The order of $H$ divides / does not divide the order of $G$." But the length of | is then always the same:  $ |H| | |G| $ produces |H|||G|  which is not ideal at all. (The negation \nmid has just this length too.) The length of "divides" should be longer than the "cardinality length". I could use   $ |H| \big| |G|$  but then there is no good way to say "does not divide" with the same length. Also, \big| is no solution when the expression has to be used in subscripts.   I thought it was just me, but I asked other group theorists, and nobody had a solution. I hope there is one.  I am seeking a division sign which is a little longer than the usual | , allows negation (with the same length) and proportionally correct use in subscripts (also under \sum etc.). It does not look professional if the "order sign" has the same length as the "divides" sign. (And what about combinations with absolute values, norms - although personally I don't use them as often as group orders.) Fourier transform of $\exp(-t^2)$ using contour integration. $A \in M_3(\mathbb Z)$ be such that $\det(A)=1$ ; then what is the maximum possible number of entries of $A$ that are even ? Let $A \in M_3(\mathbb Z)$ be such that $\det(A)=1$ ; then what is the maximum possible number of entries of $A$ that are even ?