Nvidia driver for ubuntu 14.04
How do I install the Nvidia drivers?
How to test randomness (case in point - Shuffling) First off, this question is ripped out from  question. I did it because I think this part is bigger than a sub-part of a longer question. If it offends, please pardon me.  Assume that you have a algorithm that generates randomness. Now how do you test it? Or to be more direct - Assume you have an algorithm that shuffles a deck of cards, how do you test that it's a perfectly random algorithm?  To add some theory to the problem - A deck of cards can be shuffled in 52! (52 factorial) different ways. Take a deck of cards, shuffle it by hand and write down the order of all cards. What is the probability that you would have gotten exactly that shuffle? Answer: 1 / 52!.  What is the chance that you, after shuffling, will get A, K, Q, J ... of each suit in a sequence? Answer 1 / 52!  So, just shuffling once and looking at the result will give you absolutely no information about your shuffling algorithms randomness. Twice and you have more information, Three even more...  How would you black box test a shuffling algorithm for randomness? Bezout's identity in $F[x]$ Let $F$ be a field and $F[x]$ a polynomial ring. Let $p(x)$ be an irreducible polynomial.  Show that $\gcd(p(x),q(x)) = 1\Longrightarrow \exists r(x),s(x)$ such that $r(x)p(x)+s(x)q(x) = 1$.  I know the proof for Bezout's identity for , but this proof uses the notion of absolute value, which cannot be applied to a polynomial ring.   I am thinking about a way to prove the statement: Use the Euclidean algorithm to compute $\gcd(p(x),q(x))$ and show that the result is $1$, and somehow go backwards to obtain $r(x)p(x)+s(x)q(x) = 1$, but it is a bit messy, and I'm not yet able to see it completely.  Please offer some help. If you have some other methods, that would be great, too. We already had multiple questions about unbalanced data when using , , ,  and a number of other similar questions, what makes it a very popular topic! Unfortunately, each of the questions seems to be algorithm-specific and I didn't find any general guidelines for dealing with unbalanced data.  Quoting , dealing with unbalanced data     (...) heavily depends on the learning method. Most general purpose   approaches have one (or several) ways to deal with this.   But when exactly should we worry about unbalanced data? Which algorithms are mostly affected by it and which are able to deal with it? Which algorithms would need us to balance the data? I am aware that discussing each of the algorithms would be impossible on Q&amp;A site like this, I am rather looking for a general guidelines on when it could be a problem. What does "can only heal so much" mean in this sentence? Rotating a table so that at least two name cards are correct I am trying to get Juju working on Windows 8 but I am running in to some errors when trying to get juju to see my ssh keys:  C:\Users\username&gt; juju bootstrap error: error parsing environment "azure":     read C:\Users\user\SkyDrive\Documents\Azure\ssh\: The handle is invalid.   I've added a public key I generated with putty to the directory above called azure  My environments.yaml file has this in it:  authorized-keys-path: C:\Users\user\SkyDrive\Documents\Azure\ssh\   Any ideas? Understanding backtick (`) 'Search on Yammer' link in search center refiners I have a heavily branded site I'm working on and can't find where the "Search on Yammer" link is being populated from. It appears within the search refiner/filter web part in the left column but none of the display templates reference this.   I'd like to be able to customize the link, placement on the page, etc. without resorting to jQuery to move elements around the page.     And the markup coming through looks like this. The refiners themselves come through a series of display templates but the Yammer link is nowhere that I can see in any of them.   &lt;div webpartid="f09e98eb-6dc3-4a9b-8dbf-65d0fbc7b7c3" haspers="false" id="WebPartWPQ4" width="100%" class="ms-WPBody " allowdelete="false" style=""&gt;     &lt;div class="ms-ref-ctrl"&gt;         &lt;div class="ms-ref-refiner"&gt;             &lt;div id="Container"&gt;                 &lt;h2 class="ms-displayInline"&gt;                     &lt;a class="ms-ref-name ms-displayInlineBlock ms-srchnav-link-selected ms-link" href="javascript:void(window.open(                     'https://www.yammer.com/search?trk_event=o365_search&amp;amp;search='+                     encodeURIComponent(Srch.ScriptApplicationManager.get_current().queryGroups.                     Default.dataProvider.get_currentQueryState().k),'_blank'));" title="Open a new tab to search for this on Yammer"&gt;Search on Yammer&lt;/a&gt;                 &lt;/h2&gt;             &lt;/div&gt;         &lt;/div&gt;     &lt;/div&gt; &lt;/div&gt; &lt;div componentid="ctl00_SPWebPartManager1_g_f09e98eb_6dc3_4a9b_8dbf_65d0fbc7b7c3_csr" id="ctl00_SPWebPartManager1_g_f09e98eb_6dc3_4a9b_8dbf_65d0fbc7b7c3_csr"&gt;             ... refiners populated through display templates ... &lt;/div&gt; Can't run gparted in fresh system Trying to run gparted in fresh installed Ubuntu. System not found this program. When I try to install I have report that it is already installed. How to solve this problem?  g@g-Lenovo:~$ gparted The program 'gparted' is currently not installed. You can install it by typing: sudo apt install gparted g@g-Lenovo:~$ sudo aptitude install gparted [sudo] password for g:  gparted is already installed at the requested version (0.25.0-1) gparted is already installed at the requested version (0.25.0-1) No packages will be installed, upgraded, or removed. 0 packages upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 130 not upgraded. Need to get 0 B of archives. After unpacking 0 B will be used. How do you tell what brand/make/model of bike I have? How to toggle Scroll Lock in Excel 2010 without a Scroll Lock key in the keyboard I have a notebook with no Scroll Lock key (or any shortcut using the 'Fn' key).  Somehow Excel 2010 got the Scroll Lock on. I see it left down in the status bar and now I can't navigate through cells using the arrow keys, which is pretty annoying. It wasn't turned on some hours ago, so I think I must have hit some Scroll Lock toggle shortcut in Excel 2010 by mistake.  Anyone knows what hot to turn off Scroll Lock in Excel (shortcut or menu option)? I need to find the closure of these sets on the ordered square: $$A = \{(1/n)\times 0 | n\in \mathbb{Z}_+\}$$ $$B = \{(1-1/n)\times \frac{1}{2}| n\in \mathbb{Z}_+\}$$ $$C = \{x\times 0 | 0&lt;x&lt;1\}$$ $$D = \{x\times \frac{1}{2}| 0&lt;x&lt;1\}$$ $$E = \{\frac{1}{2}\times y | 0&lt;y&lt;1\}$$ I know that the closure is just the set itself united with its limit points. For $A$, the set of limit points, I imagine, are $\{&lt;1,0&gt;\}$, that is, the $x$ coordinate is $1$ and the $y$ is $0$. But  is says the reverse. What am I getting wrong? Following the same reasoning, $B' = \{&lt;1,\frac{1}{2}&gt;\}$ $C' = \{&lt;0,0&gt;,&lt;0,1&gt;\}$ What am I doing wrong? Convert char to int in C# I am a bit lost how one has deduced the formula for electric field with electric dipole because of some inconsistency between different sources. The  contains a delta function in the formula, but  gives only the formula without the delta function,  $$\bar{E} = -\nabla \phi = \frac{-p}{4\pi \epsilon_{0} r^{3}} ( \hat{e}_{z}-3\hat{u}_{r}(\hat{u}_{r} \cdot \hat{u}_{z}) ) $$  Is it intentionally left out?  My notes mention that the dipole is with a circular thing $P=Q d$ where $d$ is distance and $Q$ is charge. In  (2017), Logan seems to be dying from sort sort of ailment, that prevents him to heal properly and seems to be decaying his body in a way that wasn't happening in any of the other films his character appears in.  I don't recall that this is being explained in the film. The Wikipedia page only mentions "adamantium poisoning" and "his healing factor fading", but it is not backed up with citations, so I would love to get an in-depth answer for this question, maybe using excerpts from the comic or original source material.  What is happening to Logan? The graduate students at my university (a relatively large state school in the US) are considering joining a union. To help decide whether to sign a union card in support of joining the union, I'm interested in more information about how unions have helped graduate students at other universities. What are some improvements to graduate life gained by graduate students at other universities upon joining a union?  I'm also interested in information about how unions have hurt graduate students at other universities. What are some detriments to graduate life caused by graduate students joining a union?  I'm primarily interested in student-body-wide benefits/detriments, instead of student-specific or faculty/administrator-specific claims (e.g. "my advisor treated me better with the union behind me" or "my students have stopped working since they joined a union" is not what I'm looking for). How to overcome Acrobat Reader error 131 with a pdfLaTeX doc? I'm generating a PDF document with pdflatex (more precisely, latexmk invoked from TexMaker 3.4. My LaTeX install is TeXLive 20120719). I can read the document fine in Okular and Gmail's attachment preview, but a colleague that runs Acrobat Reader on Windows reports: "There was a problem reading this document (131)".  EDIT: The error disappears when using \usepackage[demo]{graphicx}, which puts black boxes instead of the real images. They are all PDFs, PNGs and JPGs. Instead of using demo, I added the code for a \demoincludegraphics command, which makes the file work in Reader when using it to replace the logo in the headers, as shown below. But enabling it (using \includegraphics instead of \demoincludegraphics) and removing everything else also works in Reader! There is some strange global interaction that makes the file appear broken to Reader when enabling all the graphics...  My code compiles fine, reason why I only attach the preamble and a simple text for a Minimal Working Example:  \documentclass[12pt,lettersize,twoside]{article}  \usepackage[utf8]{inputenc} \usepackage[spanish,es-tabla]{babel}   \usepackage[fixlanguage]{babelbib} \usepackage{amssymb,amsmath} \usepackage{graphicx}    \usepackage{array}    \usepackage{caption} \usepackage{subfig} \usepackage{rotating} \usepackage{booktabs} \usepackage{multirow} \usepackage{calc} \usepackage{stfloats} \usepackage{fixltx2e} \usepackage{url} \usepackage[colorlinks=true,linkcolor=blue,citecolor=red]{hyperref} \usepackage[all]{hypcap}  % Margins \usepackage[top=2cm, bottom=2cm, left=3cm, right=2cm]{geometry}  % Make header show up in the first page \makeatletter \renewcommand\maketitle{\par \begingroup     \renewcommand\thefootnote{\@fnsymbol\c@footnote}%     \def\@makefnmark{\rlap{\@textsuperscript{\normalfont\@thefnmark}}}%     \long\def\@makefntext##1{\parindent 1em\noindent             \hb@xt@1.8em{%                 \hss\@textsuperscript{\normalfont\@thefnmark}}##1}%     \if@twocolumn     \ifnum \col@number=\@ne         \@maketitle     \else         \twocolumn[\@maketitle]%     \fi     \else     \newpage     \global\@topnum\z@   % Prevents figures from going at top of page.     \@maketitle     \fi     \thispagestyle{fancy}\@thanks % was {empty} \endgroup \setcounter{footnote}{0}% \global\let\thanks\relax \global\let\maketitle\relax \global\let\@maketitle\relax \global\let\@thanks\@empty \global\let\@author\@empty \global\let\@date\@empty \global\let\@title\@empty \global\let\title\relax \global\let\author\relax \global\let\date\relax \global\let\and\relax } \makeatother  % Remove date field in title; Remove preceding vertical space \makeatletter \renewcommand{\@maketitle}{ \vspace{-3cm} \begin{center}% {\LARGE \@title}\\ \vspace{2mm}% {\@author} \end{center}% \par} \makeatother \makeatletter  % Demo includegraphic boxes \newcommand{\demoincludegraphics}[2][]{%   \setlength{\fboxsep}{-\fboxrule}% Remove frame separator/gap   \framebox{\rule{0pt}{100pt}\rule{150pt}{0pt}}% Framed box of 150pt x 100pt }  % Headers Config  \usepackage{fancyhdr} \pagestyle{fancy} \fancyhead{} \renewcommand{\headrulewidth}{0.4pt} \setlength{\headheight}{2.2cm}  \addtolength{\textheight}{-1.62cm} \fancyhead[LO,RE]{\demoincludegraphics[height=1.6cm]{logo-slogan}} \fancyhead[LE,RO]{}  % Footers Config \fancyfoot{} \renewcommand{\footrulewidth}{0pt} \fancyfoot[C]{\thepage}  % Notas al pie etiquetadas por simbolos   \renewcommand{\thefootnote}{\fnsymbol{footnote}}  \title{Doc Title} \author{My name}  \begin{document}  \maketitle  This is a test. It includes graphics and other floats.   \end{document}   EDIT: I found a workaround: Processing the generated pdf file through Ghostscript, as follows:   gs -dSAFER -dBATCH -dNOPAUSE  -sDEVICE=pdfwrite -sOutputFile=output.pdf input.pdf   where input.pdf is the file generated by pdfLaTeX, and output.pdf the one that will be readable by Adobe Reader and the rest of the PDF readers. How do I monitor the computer's CPU, memory, and disk usage in Java? I would like to monitor the following system information in Java:   Current CPU usage** (percent) Available memory* (free/total) Available disk space (free/total)  *Note that I mean overall memory available to the whole system, not just the JVM.   I'm looking for a cross-platform solution (Linux, Mac, and Windows) that doesn't rely on my own code calling external programs or using JNI. Although these are viable options, I would prefer not to maintain OS-specific code myself if someone already has a better solution.  If there's a free library out there that does this in a reliable, cross-platform manner, that would be great (even if it makes external calls or uses native code itself).  Any suggestions are much appreciated.  To clarify, I would like to get the current CPU usage for the whole system, not just the Java process(es).  The SIGAR API provides all the functionality I'm looking for in one package, so it's the best answer to my question so far. However, due it being licensed under the GPL, I cannot use it for my original purpose (a closed source, commercial product). It's possible that Hyperic may license SIGAR for commercial use, but I haven't looked into it. For my GPL projects, I will definitely consider SIGAR in the future.  For my current needs, I'm leaning towards the following:   For CPU usage, OperatingSystemMXBean.getSystemLoadAverage() / OperatingSystemMXBean.getAvailableProcessors() (load average per cpu) For memory, OperatingSystemMXBean.getTotalPhysicalMemorySize() and OperatingSystemMXBean.getFreePhysicalMemorySize() For disk space, File.getTotalSpace() and File.getUsableSpace()   Limitations:  The getSystemLoadAverage() and disk space querying methods are only available under Java 6. Also, some JMX functionality may not be available to all platforms (i.e. it's been reported that getSystemLoadAverage() returns -1 on Windows).  Although originally licensed under GPL, it  to , which can generally be used for closed source, commercial products. Android Phone SD Card Problem My Samsung Galaxy Admire phone is saying that an SD card isn't found when the SD card is inside the phone: it shows "Please insert SD Card".  What could be wrong? Circuitikz symbols in TikZ circuit library Some time ago, I asked about . wh1t3 wrote: "However, as far as I know there is nothing the circuitikz package does that the TikZ circuit library can't."  So if it is true that the tikz library is more powerful, how do I get all the symbols described in the  using the TikZ circuit library?  Especially I am missing the symbols for ammeters and voltmeters.