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Is there a way to consistently increase the vertical spacing between equation lines in a gather (or gather*) environment from amsmath?  Specifically, I want to produce something like  \begin{gather*} a = b \\[2ex] c = d \\[2ex] e = f \end{gather*}   without having to write [2ex] at the end of each equation line.  I can think of some hacks that redefine \\ to automatically add the spacing, but is there some cleaner/better way to achieve this? Your UK visa application has been issued.      PLEASE DO NOT GO TO THE VISA APPLICATION CENTRE BEFORE THEY CONTACT YOU.      You will be contacted by the Visa Application Centre when your documents are ready for collection, or have been dispatched via courier where this is relevant.       You are reminded that you should avoid making travel plans until you have collected your passport, as the outcome of your visa application is not final until you receive your passport.      Please ensure you check the details on your visa when collecting your passport. If you need to contact us you can do so via our International Enquiry Service at www.gov.uk/contact-ukvi-outside-uk      Kind regards,      UK Visas and Immigration   British Embassy Abu Dhabi     Your UK visa application has been issued.   I know words like processed, forwarded, received, refused but never heard anything like that, so I am confused. Black screen when creating movie I've rendered about 300 frames for a short clip. The frames look fine, but when I compile into a movie all I get is a black screen. I haven't been able to find anything to solve this problem. The individual frames are well lit, capture what I want them to, look great. Just creating the AVI or MPEG results in a clip that has nothing but black. I am a Physics undergrad, and just started studying Topology. How do you define neighborhood and open set in Topology.Wikipedia gives a circular definition.   An  is defined as follows.      In topology, a set  is called an open set if it is a neighborhood of every point    While a  is defined as follows:     If $X$ is a topological space and $p$ is a point in $X$, a neighbourhood of $p$ is a subset $V$ of $X$, which includes an open set $U$ containing $p$   which itself contains the term open set.  How do you define it exactly? Could I use an IPS based TV to edit photos in a color-calibrated environment? Over the past weeks, I've been trying to get all of my color issues worked out. Getting closer, but I'm not there. I've calibrated my monitor with a friend's calibrator and that helped. I'm using the profiles provided by the local processor.  It's close. How close depends on the viewing angle.  So I'm thinking IPS monitor might be a good next step.  Googling around, I see that I could get an   Given that IPS based 22/23" monitors run $250-$300, this seems like a lot more monitor for not much more money.  What are the faults in this logic? How to bypass "Verify your account" (Factory Reset Protection) I won a Samsung Galaxy S6 Edge, signed into it with my Google account, played around with it, wiped it, and sold it.  Now the person can't get past setup because it's saying he must login with an account previously synced to the phone.   Is there anything I can do from my side to remove this lock? Apply the latest Service Pack and Cumulative Update Why doesn't LaTeX hyphenate words containing accents, e.g. "développement"? In this MWE, Latex doesn't hyphen the word "développement" and prefer to create a HUGE hbox.   \documentclass[a4paper,12pt,dvipsnames]{report} \usepackage[utf8]{inputenc} \usepackage[french]{babel} \usepackage{lmodern} \usepackage[a4paper, showframe]{geometry}  % Title Page \title{} \author{}   \begin{document} \section{Section}  \subsection{Subsection} \begin{description}  \item [Marhalie Toucse : ]  ingénieure de la plate-forme SORTATZ. Elle réalise   le développement du projet des tex écrit pour lipsum lagae legarc sgsi text text text text text text text text text.  \end{description} \end{document} Lower Semicontinuity Concepts Significance contradiction in linear regression: significant t-test for a coefficient vs non-significant overall F-statistic I'm fitting a multiple linear regression model between 4 categorical variables (with 4 levels each) and a numerical output. My dataset has 43 observations.  Regression gives me the following $p$-values from the $t$-test for every slope coefficient: $.15, .67, .27, .02$. Thus, the coefficient for the 4th predictor is significant at $\alpha = .05$ confidence level.  On the other hand, the regression gives me a $p$-value from an overall $F$-test of the null hypothesis that all my slope coefficients are equal to zero. For my dataset, this $p$-value is $.11$.  My question: how should I interpret these results? Which $p$-value should I use and why? Is the coefficient for the 4th variable significantly different from $0$ at the $\alpha = .05$ confidence level?  I've seen a related question, , but there was an opposite situation: high $t$-test $p$-values and low $F$-test $p$-value. Honestly, I don't quite understand why we would need an $F$-test in addition to a $t$-test to see if linear regression coefficients are significantly different from zero. I use to run  $s =~ s/[^[:print:]]//g;   on Perl to get rid of non printable characters.   In Python there's no POSIX regex classes, and I can't write [:print:] having it mean what I want. I know of no way in Python to detect if a character is printable or not.   What would you do?   EDIT: It has to support Unicode characters as well. The string.printable way will happily strip them out of the output.  curses.ascii.isprint will return false for any unicode character. I need Mac OS X 10.6.8 (Snow Leopard) in order to work with some legacy software and I want to buy new Mac Mini computer.  Is it possible to install this OS on a new Mac Mini or it's not compatible with it?  If so, what is the latest model of Mac Mini that I can use in this scenario? Could any one give an example of a bijective map from $\mathbb{R}^3\rightarrow \mathbb{R}$?  Thank you. "Nobody want to go there," or "nobody wants to go there"? In English, the number 0 is treated as plural. It is then:   0 seconds 1 second    1.2 seconds   2 seconds     Shouldn't it be "nobody want to go there," instead of "nobody wants to go there"?  I also saw in TOEFL that "any __" should be used with a singular.  But I see it very common that it is a plural also.  Why is that?  (updated: example, "we don't have any apples any more" vs "If you get any apple, please let me know.") When you use the allowframebreaks option in beamer then you get additional frames if the content is too high for one frame. The vertical spacing gets disturbed when you use a list (itemize, enumerate, description), for example, see the following animation. I used the t option (for top alignment) for the frame.     \documentclass[aspectratio=169]{beamer}   \begin{document}  \begin{frame}[t,allowframebreaks] \frametitle{Frame Title} \setlength{\mylength}{\baselineskip} \begin{itemize} \item Test \item Test \item Test \item Test \item Test \item Test \item Test \item Test \item Test \item Test \item Test \item Test \item Test \item Test \item Test \item Test \item Test \end{itemize}  \end{frame}  \begin{frame}[t,allowframebreaks] \frametitle{Frame Title}  Text\\ Text\\ Text\\ Text\\ Text\\ Text\\ Text\\ Text\\ Text\\ Text\\ Text\\ Text\\ Text\\ Text\\ Text\\ Text\\ Text\\ Text\\ Text\\ Text\\ Text\\ Text\\ Text\\ Text\\ Text\\  \end{frame}  \end{document}    I thought of a solution, when I read  question where they explain the different length in lists. The main idea is to check if the current frame is not the first frame of a frame continuation and add the needed vertical space. I thought that \topsep is the needed length but apparently, it is not quite right. It ist almost perfect but it still "dances" a little bit. Which additional length do I need? Here's the animation and the used code.     \documentclass[aspectratio=169]{beamer}  \setbeamertemplate{frametitle continuation}{%     (\insertcontinuationcount)%     \ifnum\insertcontinuationcount&gt;1%     \vspace*{\topsep}%     \else%     %     \fi% }  \begin{document}  \begin{frame}[t,allowframebreaks] \frametitle{Frame Title}  \begin{itemize} \item Test \item Test \item Test \item Test \item Test \item Test \item Test \item Test \item Test \item Test \item Test \item Test \item Test \item Test \item Test \item Test \item Test \end{itemize}  \end{frame}  \end{document}   Related        Definition of \itemize in beamer  In beamerbaselocalstructure.sty I found  \renewcommand{\itemize}[1][]{%   \beamer@ifempty{#1}{}{\def\beamer@defaultospec{#1}}%   \ifnum \@itemdepth &gt;2\relax\@toodeep\else     \advance\@itemdepth\@ne     \beamer@computepref\@itemdepth% sets \beameritemnestingprefix     \usebeamerfont{itemize/enumerate \beameritemnestingprefix body}%     \usebeamercolor[fg]{itemize/enumerate \beameritemnestingprefix body}%     \usebeamertemplate{itemize/enumerate \beameritemnestingprefix body begin}%     \list       {\usebeamertemplate{itemize \beameritemnestingprefix item}}       {\def\makelabel##1{%           {%             \hss\llap{{%                 \usebeamerfont*{itemize \beameritemnestingprefix item}%                 \usebeamercolor[fg]{itemize \beameritemnestingprefix item}##1}}%           }%         }%       }   \fi%   \beamer@cramped%   \raggedright%   \beamer@firstlineitemizeunskip% }   But I do not understand where the different kinds of spaces are defined that cause the "dancing".  "Evil" Stuff in beamer  Motivated by the comment of @cfr I searched the beamer documentation for "evil" stuff -- this is what I have found (beamer guide version 3.41):   Do not use subsubsections, they are evil. Never ever use the evil option shrink.  Using this [again shrink] option is very evil. The use of this [allowframebreaks] option is evil. Evaluate $\lim_{n\to\infty} [{1\over kn}+{1\over k(n+1)}+{1\over k(n+2)}+\cdots+{1\over k(n+p-k)}]$ where $k<p$ There are four options. Which of them is correct?- (a)${p\over k}$ (b)${k\over p}$ (c)$\log({p\over k})$ (d)${\log p\over k}$ I somehow want to use the rule for evaluating this kind of sum using integration, i.e. $\int_{0}^{1} f(x) \ dx=\lim_{n\to\infty} {1\over n}\sum_{r=1}^{n}f({r\over n})$  But the given expression $\lim_{n\to\infty} [{1\over kn}+{1\over k(n+1)}+{1\over k(n+2)}+\cdots+{1\over k(n+p-k)}]={1\over k}\lim_{n\to\infty}{1\over n}\sum_{r=0}^{p-k}\frac{1}{1+{r\over n}}$, sum running from $0$ to $p-k$ instead of $n$. So, how to evaluate this limit? Thanks for assistance in advance. Showing $\int_{\mathbb R} \mid F(x)-G(x)\mid dx = \int_0^1 \mid F^{-1}(u)-G^{-1}(u)\mid du$ with $F$, $G$ CDF functions Let's $X$ and $Y$ have CDF functions admitting moment of order $1$. Let's be $F$ cdf of $X$ and $G$ cdf of $Y$.  I want to show that $$\int_{\mathbb R} \mid F(x)-G(x)\mid dx = \int_{0}^{1} \mid F^{-1}(u)-G^{-1}(u)\mid du\,.$$ How to set the default format in text_format and hide the select? /**  * Implements hook_form_alter().  */ function MODULE_NAME_form_alter(   &amp;$form,   \Drupal\Core\Form\FormStateInterface $form_state,   $form_id ) {    if ($form_id == 'node_article_form') {     $form["body"]["widget"][0]['#allowed_formats'] = ['full_html']; // Your default format     $form["body"]["widget"][0]['#after_build'][] = 'MODULE_NAME_hide_format';   } }  function MODULE_NAME_hide_format(   &amp;$element,   FormStateInterface $form_state ) {   if (isset($element["format"]["format"])) {     $element["format"]["format"]["#access"] = FALSE;   }    return $element; } How to encrypt individual folders? Can you use Uncanny Dodge against extra damage effects?