How can I prevent listings from replacing space characters by a weird bracket symbol?
Strange character when using listings package
Get PHP to stop replacing '.' characters in $_GET or $_POST arrays? If I pass PHP variables with . in their names via $_GET PHP auto-replaces them with _ characters. For example:  &lt;?php echo "url is ".$_SERVER['REQUEST_URI']."&lt;p&gt;"; echo "x.y is ".$_GET['x.y'].".&lt;p&gt;"; echo "x_y is ".$_GET['x_y'].".&lt;p&gt;";   ... outputs the following:  url is /SpShipTool/php/testGetUrl.php?x.y=a.b x.y is . x_y is a.b.   ... my question is this: is there any way I can get this to stop? Cannot for the life of me figure out what I've done to deserve this  PHP version I'm running with is 5.2.4-2ubuntu5.3. How to prove that: $\tan(3\pi/11) + 4\sin(2\pi/11) = \sqrt{11}$ Possessive form for a surname ending with "z" What is the proper possessive form for a surname that ends with “z”? Is it z’ or z’s? Recovering data from a phone stuck in restore mode I have an iphone 4 that is stuck in restore mode after trying to update to ios 6 wirelessly.  Unfortunately, I do not have a recent itunes backup of this phone.  Is there any way to recover my photos from this device before I try to restore it?  Will restoring it wipe all the data on the phone? Has there been any progress made on granting a developer account for SF and HubExchange Devs? It feels conceptually wrong to me a SF product doesn't allow developers to perfect and develop a wider solution offering without paying +10K license fee per year. Even without CRM the HubExchange market could be a richer portal for consumers and developers if we were allowed a means to test our concept.  I think we'd all be perfectly happy with an account that was blackholed or limited in such a way where we could only send a finite qty of emails to an email address associated to the user.  If there's a forum or avenue where we can assist in raising the value proposition please let us know as I know there are many people looking. Finite Cartesian Product of Countable sets is countable? Is the finite Cartesian Product of Countable sets countable?  If possible, could you give a bijection that would work for any example?  Any help would be appreciated. Programmatically disable apt unattended upgrades How can I programmatically/script disable apt unattended upgrades? Running Ubuntu 16.04. Non-existence of $\lim \limits_{(x, y) \to (0,0)} \frac{x^3 + y^3}{x - y} $ How to show that $\lim \limits_{(x, y) \to (0,0)} f(x, y)$ does not   exist where,         $$f(x, y) =  \begin{cases} \dfrac{x^3 + y^3}{x - y} \; ; &amp; x \neq y \\  0 \; \;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\; ; &amp; x = y  \end{cases}  $$   I tried bounding the value of the function as $(x, y)$ approaches $(0,0)$ but was not successful. I graphed the function and saw that it was actually approaching $0$ but Microsoft Math failed to render some points around the $x = y$ plane. So I imagine I need to find points $(x, y)$ such that $x$ is extremely close to $y$ but $(x, y)$ is not as close to $(0,0)$ to show that the function does not approach $0$ around the origin. But was unable to think of any.   Hints or suggestions would be awesome. Any help is appreciated. $f(x)f(1/x)=f(x)+f(1/x)$ Find a function $f(x)$ such that:  $$f(x)f(1/x)=f(x)+f(1/x)$$  with $f(4)=65$.  I have tried to let $f(x)$ be a general polynomial: $$a_0+a_1x+a_2x^2+\ldots a_nx^n$$  which leaves $f(1/x)$ as:  $$a_0+a_1{1\over x}+a_2{1\over x^2}+\ldots + a_n{1\over x^n}$$  On comparing the coefficients of both sides, we see that:  $$2a_0=(a_0)^2+(a_1)^2+(a_2)^2+\ldots+(a_n)^2$$  And  $$a_1=(a_0a_1)+(a_1a_2)+ \ldots +(a_{n-1}a_n)$$  I don't know how to proceed further. I know I need to compare coefficients and come to a conclusion based on their values, but I don't see what to do next. How do I switch to first person? which analysis fit the best for the data? I am trying to work on the data of my master thesis. I have to create a model, but I don't know which analysis perform. My data look like this     number ID sp ab alt SWdiv     1 A1 4 6 630 0.25802965   2 A2 9 16 750 0.29235324   3 A3 8 14 850 0.411620203   4 A4 9 22 950 0.444079553   5 A5 2 12 1050 0.294855765   6 A6 13 40 1130 0.298451014   7 B1 2 2 750 0.275329152   8 B2 5 6 850 0.043352118   9 B3 14 16 950 0   10 B4 17 58 1050 0.230358688   11 B5 7 9 1150 0.298759725   12 B6 8 68 1250 0.012192474   13 C1 12 20 830 0.467542842   14 C2 13 19 930 0.454480722   15 C3 6 30 1030 0.464584038   16 C4 7 14 1130 0.448191833   17 C5 5 15 1250 0.052045275   18 C6 2 7 1315 0.051767368   19 D1 3 3 650 0.294855541   20 D2 11 17 750 0.291717599   21 D3 9 46 850 0.084284864   22 D4 8 57 950 0.088574421   23 D5 4 32 1050 0.160873283   24 D6 13 22 1150 0.297638962   25 D7 6 22 1250 0.290733158   26 E1 11 23 800 0.250878932   27 E2 8 8 900 0.418021272   28 E3 10 13 1000 0.132159303   29 E4 5 10 1100 0.058487554   30 E5 5 15 1200 0.250310822   31 E6 10 19 1350 0.01600807   32 F1 6 20 800 0.462497319   33 F2 15 54 900 0.376552904   34 F3 6 13 1000 0.298264791   35 F4 6 13 1100 0.394736812   36 G1 14 22 830 0.391455956   37 G2 11 16 930 0.282922551   38 G3 5 10 1030 0.282398234   39 G4 10 15 1130 0.153502726   40 G5 13 18 1230 0.051586706   41 H1 10 11 700 0.3009609   42 H2 7 14 800 0.579228102   43 H3 5 11 900 0.528108703   44 H4 20 48 1000 0.28689587   45 H5 13 18 1100 0.264542772   46 H6 10 20 1250 0.29928462   47 I1 12 13 535 0.35326876   48 I2 3 5 635 0.273947657   49 I3 18 30 720 0.467208221   50 I4 16 188 835 0.276669711   51 I5 7 69 935 0.000867067   52 L1 6 10 435 0.36910895   53 L2 7 20 606 0.236700524   54 L3 14 33 697 0.111132519   55 L4 17 42 797 0.296757045   56 L5 5 7 910 0.27539552   57 L6 10 15 1000 0.29748451   58 L7 6 11 1101 0.276755556     58 sample points each has two value: altitude and diversity index related to habitat heterogeneity. What I sample are different insects and I have two values: sp = species (total number of different species for each sample point) and ab = abundance (total number of insects for each sample point). My question are are the species richness or the abundance affected by the altitude or the habitat heterogeneity? which is the best analysis to perform? and why? thank you for your help. Where should I copy-paste-install software to? I'm installing IntelliJ, and the readme tells me to choose an installation folder. Where is a good, standard place to put installed programs? How is Bohr's model related to electron cloud models via the correspondence principle? I installed Ubuntu 12.10 and entered a password in SeaHorse. I would like to remove the password of "Default" but I get this error :  GDBus.Error:org.freedesktop.Secret.Error.NoSuchObject: The collection does not exist   Is there a fix or a way to bypass modify the password ? I was reading Brian Greene's "Hidden Reality" and came to the part about Hawking Radiation. Quantum jitters that occur near the event horizon of a black hole, which create both positive-energy particles and negative-energy particles, produce the so-called Hawking radiation. However, I do not understand why only the negative-energy particles are being absorbed into the black hole, while the positive-energy particles shoot outward. Shouldn't there be 50/50 chance that each type of particle is being absorbed by the black hole? Also, the book mentions that a negative-energy particle would appear to an observer inside the black hole as positive. Why? Let $\mathcal{C}$ be a finite binary code such that for any two sequences $\{a_n\},\{b_n\}\in \mathcal{C}$ if $a_j\not=b_j$ for some $j$ then the concatenation binary sequence $a_1a_2\cdots a_n\not=b_1b_2\cdots b_n$, the Kraft-Mcmillan Inequality says that $$\sum_{i}\frac{N_i}{2^{i}}\le 1,$$where $N_i$ is the number of codes in $\mathcal{C}$ with length of $i$.  If we assume the code is prefix free, we will have an elegant probabilistic proof at  (consider the infinite binary sequence generated by i.i.d. binomial random variable with probability $1/2$, define $E_x$ be the event that the sequence has prefix $x\in \mathcal{C}$, then $\sum_i\frac{N_i}{2^i}\le \sum_i P[E_x]=  P[\cup_i E_x]=1$). But for the general case one will not necessarily have the events $E_i$s disjoint, I'm curious if similar argument exists for the general case. (The problem is an excercise in the probabilistic method of alon, I guess some probabilistic argument should exist)  (My attempt is that consider the product topology $T=\prod_i\mathcal C$ whose open sets generated by $E_x$s where $x$ is the concatenation codes of $\mathcal{C}$, we define a natural product measure $\mu$ over $T$ by $\mu(E_x)=2^{-|x|}$. Clearly $\mu(T)\le 1$ (as $T$ is a sub-topology of $\prod_i\{0,1\}$), I want to show $\mu(E_x\cap E_y)=0$ for $x\not=y\in \mathcal{C}$, if not we can find $E_z$ such that $E_z\subset E_x\cap E_y$ by compactness, if we can show $z$ can be write as concatenation code start with both $x,y$ we will done, but I get stuck at here.) linebreak in description title A composite integer n is a Carmichael number if the only Fermat   witnesses for $n$ are those $a \in \mathbb Z_n^+$ which are not   coprime with $n$. The smallest example of such a number is $561 = 3 ·  11 · 17$   I think I understand the definition, but I don't quite understand why is the smallest Carmichael number is the above mentioned number. Please clarify. I've found strange behavior when closing this  - I definitely see that there are 3 closing votes and 2 of them are at "Off-topic" section:   -but there are no explanations on section itself:   -while, normally, it's expected that it will appear. In custom comments section there are also no closing-votes displayed.   Perhaps it's just my browser (which is FF 26 x64 under Win) - so marking this as a "possible bug". Thank you for your attention. I have a matrix and need to highlight some elements in the matrix. I have found how to highlight a single element (I want to put the cell in the square):  $$ A = \begin{bmatrix} \fbox{0} &amp; \fbox{0} &amp; 0 \\  \fbox{0} &amp; \fbox{0} &amp; 0 \\ 1 &amp; 1 &amp; 1 \\  \end{bmatrix}$$   But how can I outline elements of the submatrix like in the picture below? I need just a frame where some elements are located.