Adding surface scratches
Add scratches to a material in Cycles?
Why does a bigger sensor lead to a shallower depth of field? It has been mentioned at    that a larger sensor results in images with a shallower depth of field. Example image:          I understand how sensor size would relate to, for example, field of view, but the relationship with depth of field does not seem straightforward.  It actually seems contradictory - I have more wells on my sensor, and I am able to focus on less number of points.  What is the reason for this effect? Aligning equations within multline I have this really long equation and I have used multline to break it up. I also want to align the broken bits of the equation to the left. When I use  align, for some reasons it aligns to the right when I want it to be on the left. How can I align to the left?  \begin{multline} \begin{align} \mathcal{H}_{q1} \mathcal{H}_{q2} \mathcal{H}_{q3}...\mathcal{H}_{qn}0=\frac{1}{2}H_{q1}\{\mathcal{H}_{q2}\mathcal{H}_{q3}...\mathcal{H}_{qn}0\}+\frac{1}{2} h_{q1} \\ =\frac{1}{2}H_{q1}\{\frac{1}{2} H_{q2}[\mathcal{H}_{q3}...\mathcal{H}_{qn} 0]+\frac{1}{2}h_{q2}\} +\frac{1}{2}h_{q1}=\\ \frac{1}{2}H_{q1} \frac{1}{2} H_{q2} [\frac{1}{2}H_{q3}(\mathcal{H}_{q4}..\mathcal{H}_{qn}0)+\frac{1}{2}h_{q3}]+ \frac{1}{2}h_{q2}+\frac{1}{2}h_{q1}=...\\          =(\frac{1}{2^n})H_{q1}H_{q2}H_{q3}..H_{qn}0+ (\frac{1}{2^n})H_{q1}H_{q2}H_{q3}..H_{qn-1}h_{q1}\\+(\frac{1}{2^n})H_{q1}H_{q2}H_{q3}..H_{qn-2}h_{qn-1}+.. \\+ (\frac{1}{2})h_{q1}=\sum^n_{j=1} (\frac{1}{2^j}) H_{qo}H_{q1} H_{q2}H_{q3}..H_{qj-1} h_{qj} \end{align} \end{multline} A disabled module has a schema version of -1, how can I enable the module and then run DB updates using hook_update_N? Cannot find Background Images feature in Blender 2.8 Cannot find Background Images feature to add in a photo in Blender 2.8  Where is it? What factors determine enemy levels or: How do enemy levels scale to the player character's? How to find web hosting that meets my requirements? English idiom for 'bad consequences stemming from too much ambition' I'm looking for an idiom that is equivalent to the Portuguese:  Quem tudo quer, tudo perde. Who wants everything, loses everything.  It basically points out that being too ambitious will have bad consequences: not only does one not get what one's striving for, but one also ends up losing what one already had (and probably took for granted). This idiom should be usable in everyday speech. What does the operator "<<" mean in C#? What are the drawbacks with using UUID or GUID as a primary key? I would like to build a distributed system. I need to store data in databases and it would be helpful to use an  or a  as a primary key on some tables. I assume it's a drawbacks with this design since the UUID/GUID is quite large and they are almost random. The alternative is to use an auto-incremented INT or LONG.  What are the drawbacks with using UUID or GUID as a primary key for my tables?  I will probably use Derby/JavaDB (on the clients) and PostgreSQL (on the server) as DBMS. Number of suggested edits seems to include own edits In the article class, it seems that using the abstract environment has an effect to the rest of the document. More precisely, it seems that it redefines the \linewidth, which equals \textwidth without abstract, is smaller with the abstract. My feeling is that \linewidth is redefined for the abstract environment, but the value is not reseted at the end of the abstract.  Here is a minimal example:  \documentclass{article} \begin{document} \abstract{This is an abstract. This is an abstract.}\bigskip  This is text. This is text. This is text. This is text. This is text. This is text.\\  \rule{\textwidth}{3em} \rule{\linewidth}{3em} \end{document}   The output is not the same if you comment the \abstract line or not.  Do you have the same problem as I do when you compile (if not, I will upload some PDF files to show)? Is this a (known) bug in LaTeX2e? How can we circumvent the problem?  Note: I compile with the pdflatex command, and I use pdfTeX, Version 3.1415926-1.40.10 (TeX Live 2009/Debian). If I multiclass into 2 or more classes/subclasses that can cast spells, how do I determine what spells I know or can prepare?  For instance, if I am playing a multiclassed character with 1 level in warlock, 2 levels in bard, and 3 levels in paladin, how do I determine which spells I know/have prepared?    Related: I switch back and forth between two computers constantly:   OSX Snow Leopard  Ubuntu 10.10    I'd like to be able to make Ubuntu use the same keyboard shortcuts as OSX System Wide, for the following keyboard sequences only (ie I don't want to make Ctrl act like Super)   Super+C -> Copy Super+V -> Paste Super+T -> Open a new tab in whatever browser I'm in.  Super+W -> Close a tab in whatever browser I'm in.    So in short, is there anyway for me to map just these keyboard sequences to the following, system wide ?   Super+C -> Ctrl+C Super+V -> Ctrl+V Super+T -> Ctrl+T  Super+W -> Ctrl+W   I know there are ways for me to do this for vim, and Firefox, and I'm sure specifically for most applications... but I would prefer to have to do this just once and have it work that way system wide!  I'm using a standard PC keyboard, that is "Generic 105 key (intl) PC" on Ubuntu. I'm also using the same keyboard on my Mac mini. Intuition of the meaning of homology groups What is least angle regression? Conceptually, I don't understand what least angle regression Least Angle Regression (LARS) is and why it solves LASSO ().  We know that LASSO is:   $$\arg \min_x {\left\| A x - y \right\|}_{2}^{2} + \lambda {\left\| x \right\|}_{1}$$  From my understanding LARS is exactly like line search from CGD, where you take the variable that gives you the most desire result and iterate through.  Can someone give a walk through on how LARS solves LASSO? Should Luke's lightsaber have given away his plan? During Luke's confrontation of Kylo Ren toward the end of The Last Jedi we see that       the lightsaber Luke uses a blue lightsaber (which I thought was his original one but that really doesn't matter), not the green one of his own construction.   Given that Kylo Ren  and Rey has just     fought over and broken the blue lightsaber   Why did Kylo Ren not notice this "inconsistency" and realize that      Luke's physical body was not there? Table and figure side-by-side with independent captions Looking to put a table and a figure side by side so that the table and figure have their own captions. A crude sketch    ------------              -----------------     TABLE    | a |  b |                     FIGURE   | c |  d |  ------------              Table 2: Caption           -----------------                            Figure 7: Caption   The closest I've gotten is:  \begin{table}% \centering \parbox{0.4\textwidth}{ \begin{footnotesize} \begin{tabular}{| l | r |} \hline some &amp; table\\ \end{tabular} \end{footnotesize} \caption{Table} \label{tab:table} } \qquad \begin{minipage}[c]{0.53\textwidth}% \centering     \includegraphics[width=1\textwidth]{awesome} \caption{Figure} \label{fig:figure} \end{minipage} \end{table}   But that gives two Table X: Caption captions. I didn't find anything in subfig.  Help? Were there any canon examples of Harry being an innately powerful wizard? Was Harry Potter an innately powerful/skillful Wizard in any way, based on canon?  It seems that whenever Harry Potter performed some unusually potent bit of magic (potent as far as require raw power AND/OR skill), most of the time we find that it wasn’t innately Harry’s skill, but a combination of:   some extraneous magic forces/rules/powers circumstance great reaction time (which is obviously extraordinary from his Quidditch playing; and is likely a larger factor in his dueling than the strength of his magic) general smartness or (the part that Harry’s detractors, including Voldemort missed) Harry’s strength of character/personality   The only two counter-examples I can think of which show him as having extraordinary or at least obviously above average magical abilities are:   His skill at flying brooms - while a part of it is pure physical skill, at least part is magical. His (corporeal) Patronus charm   As far as examples of his unusual feats being due to reasons listed above:   Obviously, surviving Avada Kedavra as an infant - due to Lily’s sacrifice Parselmouth talent - proxied via Voldemort’s piece of soul. Ability to see the Sorcerer’s Stone in the Mirror of Erised - due to purity of his character, nothing magical. Obvious lack of talent at potion making throughout all of the books (sans cheating in HBP) His win over the Basilisk - due to Hermione’s research, character traits, and as a consequence of the last one, getting Fawkes and Gryffindor’s Sword’s help.  Just to be clear, before someone flames me - what he did was obviously super extraordinary, BUT IMHO he would have achieved the same result if he was turned into a Squib for the duration of Chamber of Secrets fight. TriWizard Tournament entry - wasn’t him, it was Barty Crouch TriWizard Tournament second challenge - a combination of character and outside help (someone told him about Gillyweed) TriWizard Tournament third challenge - Mostly, Barty Crouch’s cheating  Note that I’m omitting the first challenge, since that one was the aforementioned Broom flying skills. His survival in the cemetery after Voldemort’s return - again, a combination of superior strength of character and super powerful wandlore magic that had nothing to do with his skill as a Wizard. The whole “last Horcrux” thing when surviving the second Avada Kedavra from Voldemort His ownership of the Elder Wand in the very last duel with Voldemort.   So, to paraphrase my original question, was there any canon/JKR evidence that Harry was anything but a completely average/mediocre wizard in any way, shape, or form if you take into account only his own magical abilities and skills? Can I control voltage of USB data pins? Batch Requests/sec reported by DMV millions of times larger than Activity Monitor I have verified through SQL Server Profiler that my request per-second are around 30 request/s as is corroborated by SSMS Activity Monitor but sys.dm_os_performance_counters is reporting hundreds of millions/s.  Any idea what might be causing this gross discrepancy?  Query:  SELECT     RTrim(LTrim(object_name)) as object_name,     RTrim(LTrim(counter_name)) as counter_name,     cntr_value FROM     sys.dm_os_performance_counters  WHERE      instance_name IN ('', '_Total')     and counter_name IN (         N'Batch Requests/sec'         , N'SQL Compilations/sec'         , N'SQL Re-Compilations/sec'         , N'Transactions/sec')   Results:  object_name counter_name    cntr_value SQLServer:Databases Transactions/sec    191721399 SQLServer:SQL Statistics    Batch Requests/sec  242955426 SQLServer:SQL Statistics    SQL Compilations/sec    42048371 SQLServer:SQL Statistics    SQL Re-Compilations/sec 1200947