In a Lithium Ion battery (during discharge) positive Li Ions flow to the +3.8 volt cathode. Where do they get the energy to climb that 3.8 V hill?
Why does Li+ ion move to cathode in Li-ion battery?
How does Mathematica integrate? Do mankind and manmade activities/constructions have any effect on the rotation of the Earth? Highest power of a prime $p$ dividing $N!$ How does one find the highest power of a prime $p$ that divides $N!$ and other related products?  Related question: How many zeros are there at the end of $N!$?    This is being done to reduce abstract duplicates. See   and  for more details. Are C++ Templates just Macros in disguise? I got this question in homework:     Let $\{0,1\}^A$ the set of all functions from A (not necessarily a finite set)       to $\{0,1\}$. Find a correspondence (function) between $\{0,1\}^A$ and       $\mathcal P(A)$ (The power set of $A$).       Prove that this correspondence is one-to-one and onto.   I don't know where to start, so I need a hint. What does it mean to find a correspondence? I'm not really supposed to define a function, right?  I guess once I have the correspondence defined somehow, the proof will be easier.  Any ideas? Thanks! I am non-EU citizen working in Germany. Can I travel to UK without a visa? Why getting this error tlmgr Unknown directive? I haven't used tlmgr for a while but when I tried to install any package with it today, It returned following message:     (running on Debian, switching to user mode!) Unknown directive ...containerchecksum c59200574a316416a23695c258edf3a32531fbda43ccdc09360ee105c3f07f9fb77df17c4ba4c2ea4f3a5ea6667e064b51e3d8c2fe6c984ba3e71b4e32716955... , please fix it! at /usr/share/texlive/tlpkg/TeXLive/TLPOBJ.pm line 210,  line 5579.   I've tried to use fix specified on :     You have to download update-tlmgr-latest.sh from the tlpretest repository   and run it. Afterwards you will be able to work with tlmgr as usual   (announced by Norbert a few hours ago).   I've downloaded it from , but it returned another error:  Verifying archive integrity... All good. Uncompressing TeX Live Manager Updater............................................................................................................................................................................ ./runme.sh: Cannot find TeX Live root using kpsewhich --var-value=SELFAUTOPARENT. ./runme.sh: Please set your PATH as needed, otherwise it's hopeless.   Minimum example  Install cleanly vanilla TeXLive 2016 with tmlgr after having old TeXLive in the system successfully: there is no errors/warnings in /usr/local/texlive/2016/*.log, complete log example . Run the following but you get the same output as above when trying to update the system  root@masi:/home/masi/Downloads/t/install-tl-20161019# tlmgr update --self (running on Debian, switching to user mode!) Unknown directive ...containerchecksum c59200574a316416a23695c258edf3a32531fbda43ccdc09360ee105c3f07f9fb77df17c4ba4c2ea4f3a5ea6667e064b51e3d8c2fe6c984ba3e71b4e32716955... , please fix it! at /usr/share/texlive/tlpkg/TeXLive/TLPOBJ.pm line 210, &lt;$retfh&gt; line 5579. I have two NTFS partitions, and I don't want to mount them manually every-time I start Ubuntu.   How can I do this?  Is there a tool or a code to use?   If so, is it safe to automount? specially when they are being used by another OS? ls command operating differently depending on recipient How does commands like ls know what its stdout is?  It seems ls is operating different depending on what the target stdout is. For example if I do:  ls /home/matt/tmp    the result is:  a.txt b.txt c.txt   However if I do  ls /home/matt/tmp | cat   the result is (i.e. new line per result):  a.txt b.txt c.txt   The process is passed a file descriptor 1 for stdout right? How does it determine how to format the result? Does the file descriptor reveal information? How to replace subscript symbols Which arena do free and crown chests use when determining the cards you will get? Good books on complex numbers I searched on this site but I found posts asking for books on complex analysis which I guess is not what I want.   I want a book on problems concerning with roots of unity, argand plane, exponential form, inequalities etc. Some examples : , , .  I don't think these types of problems are covered in a analysis book but I don't know. I think I want a book on algebra of complex numbers.   Are these topics covered in analysis book ? If not, please suggests some books on this topic. I guess my question is bit vague, sorry for that. :).      As suggested in the comments I would like to have books similar to . Listing multiple compound words What is the difference between an "API," a "framework," an "IDE," and an "engine?" I am just starting out trying to learn to develop games. At first I thought C++ and OpenGL were the tools a beginner would start out to make a game, but quickly found out the OpenGL was just a API for graphics. Then I thought C++ and SFML were what I needed to learn to make a game, but found out the SFML was a media framework that could be used to make games but wasn't a game engine.  I don't want to use a software that does all the work for me, I want to code my own game, the way a game programmer would. I don't understand the difference between a IDE, framework, API, and a engine; What separates them from each other? Do some game programmers use the SFML framework, while other programmers use a game engine? Is it Safe to Delete Files From /var/tmp? This is fairly easy.  If I go to https://webserver.com/someurl?a=b, will the someurl?a=b part be protected, or just the contents of the site? How can I have one keyboard input layout and multiples languages in Ubuntu 17.10? If I have English language I can't type "'e" and get an "é", as I can do in Portuguese and Spanish.  When I manage to do that on Settings -> Region &amp; Language, I'm able to change languages, but it also changes the keyboard layout.  Is there any way to change language (Portuguese or Spanish for example) and set the keyboard input layout (US International for example)? Garbage Collection: Is it necessary to set large objects to null in a Dispose method? How do I remove duplicates from a C# array? I have been working with a string[] array in C# that gets returned from a function call. I could possibly cast to a Generic collection, but I was wondering if there was a better way to do it, possibly by using a temp array.  What is the best way to remove duplicates from a C# array? what is/are the purpose(s) of inline?