What does Pr() mean?
Which notation and why: $\text{P}()$, $\Pr()$, $\text{Prob}()$, or $\mathbb{P}()$
We have a few Win32 applications (coded in Delphi 2006) where sometimes the user gets an error message saying "System Error. Code: 8. Not enough storage is available to process this command.".  From the stacktrace it looks like it is always during CreateWnd call  Main ($1edc): 004146cc +070 app.exe SysUtils               RaiseLastOSError 00414655 +005 app.exe SysUtils               RaiseLastOSError 004ce44c +130 app.exe Controls               TWinControl.CreateWnd 00535a72 +022 app.exe cxControls             TcxControl.CreateWnd 004ce82a +016 app.exe Controls               TWinControl.CreateHandle 00553d21 +005 app.exe cxContainer            TcxContainer.CreateHandle 00586ef1 +005 app.exe cxEdit                 TcxCustomEdit.CreateHandle 005c331d +005 app.exe cxDropDownEdit         TcxCustomDropDownEdit.CreateHandle 004ceaf0 +074 app.exe Controls               TWinControl.UpdateShowing 004ceb1e +0a2 app.exe Controls               TWinControl.UpdateShowing 004cebdc +03c app.exe Controls               TWinControl.UpdateControlState 004d118a +026 app.exe Controls               TWinControl.CMVisibleChanged 004cb713 +2bb app.exe Controls               TControl.WndProc 004cf569 +499 app.exe Controls               TWinControl.WndProc 004b727d +4c1 app.exe Forms                  TCustomForm.WndProc 004cb3a0 +024 app.exe Controls               TControl.Perform 004c9f6a +026 app.exe Controls               TControl.SetVisible 004b6c46 +03a app.exe Forms                  TCustomForm.SetVisible 004baf1b +007 app.exe Forms                  TCustomForm.Show 004bb151 +14d app.exe Forms                  TCustomForm.ShowModal 007869c7 +0d3 app.exe UfrmPrice      770 +19 TfrmPrice.EditPrice 0078655d +009 app.exe UfrmPrice      628  +0 TfrmPrice.actNewBidExecute 00431ce7 +00f app.exe Classes                TBasicAction.Execute 004c2cb5 +031 app.exe ActnList               TContainedAction.Execute 004c397c +050 app.exe ActnList               TCustomAction.Execute 00431bb3 +013 app.exe Classes                TBasicActionLink.Execute 004af384 +090 app.exe Menus                  TMenuItem.Click 004b059f +013 app.exe Menus                  TMenu.DispatchCommand 004b16fe +082 app.exe Menus                  TPopupList.WndProc 004b164d +01d app.exe Menus                  TPopupList.MainWndProc 004329a8 +014 app.exe Classes                StdWndProc 7e4196b2 +00a USER32.dll                     DispatchMessageA 004bea60 +0fc app.exe Forms                  TApplication.ProcessMessage 004bea9a +00a app.exe Forms                  TApplication.HandleMessage 004becba +096 app.exe Forms                  TApplication.Run 008482c5 +215 app.exe AppName        129 +42 initialization   I've never been able to get to the bottom of what causes this and as it happens fairly seldom I haven't been to concerned, but I would like to find out what causes it and hopefully rectify it...  EDIT: Full Stacktrace  EDIT 2: More info... The client who experienced this today has had my app installed for about 4 months and it is running on his PC 8 hours a day. The problem only appeared today and kept reappearing even though he killed my app and restarted it. None of the other apps on his system behaved strangely. After a reboot the problem goes away completely. Does this point towards the heap shortage that Steve mentions?  EDIT 3: Interesting msdn blog post  and  on the topic of the desktop heap. Though I'm not sure whether this is the cause of the problem it certainly looks likely. Make it clearer when looking at a question if I've already voted to close it Since "" we now have the possibility to retract close votes.   However, as mentioned in "" there is no indication when looking at a question to see if I have already cast such a close vote.  Therefore, could we have a UI improvement to show this? Adding some image with freehand circles to improve visibility. In some literature, I have read that a regression with multiple explanatory variables, if in different units, needed to be standardized.  (Standardizing consists in subtracting the mean and dividing by the standard deviation.)  In which other cases do I need to standardize my data?  Are there cases in which I should only center my data (i.e., without dividing by standard deviation)? I am trying to create a simple page using Bootstrap within salesforce. I need this page to have the standard salesforce header and sidebar.  When I use the standard bootstrap library via a CDN and the page is affecting all the CSS styling for my standard salesforce headers and side bars. Any help on how to prevent this ? I'm using a flow to set a field to a certain value (01, 02, 03) depending on the value of another field on the same record. I initially wanted to do it with process builder but because of the mapping it seems I would need three 'criteria nodes' or a formula field. Furthermore, it seems Salesforce is recommending using flows instead of process builder for before update actions as it is faster.  The problem with Flows is that I found a way to trigger it when the record is new or updated but not when the specific field is changed so it triggers every time the whole record is updated even when the field stay the same.  On Process Builder, you can use isChanged and then call the flow with specific record but that kinds of defeat the point of using flows for before Update.  So is there a possibility to do the same thing directly in flow ?  Thank you for the help ! Inline suggested edit reviews are truncated in medium-width windows My random variable $X$ is normally distributed with mean $b$ and variance $p$. I defined a new RV, $Y$, such that $Y=1/X$. Does anyone know how to find the mean of $Y$ and $Y^2$? Is it possible to restore a MySql database only using files from Data directory? I have a mysql installed inside a windows virtual machine. The hard drive was crashed and the system is not able to restore all again. But I can have access to entire c: ROOT. So I went to  c:/ProgramData/Mysql/Mysql Server 5.5/data/myDatabaseName    There I can see different files like: .frm, .opt, .trg and .trn. In a regular way, I could run a mysqldump to backup and restore all database from command line, but the system is not able to be restored. So I had to copy all these files and past inside inside the same  directory inside same database in another physical instance.   The issue is some tables are not been recognized by this new instance. So I think copy and past is not enough to restore the database.   What am I missing?    Note: Database has innoDb and Myisam tables. Why can't to-infinitive be used as subject in "Not to learn French is my biggest regret."? E.g. 1 &quot;Not learning French is my biggest regret.&quot; E.g. 2 &quot;Not to learn French is my biggest regret.&quot; I know that e.g. 1 is correct and e.g. 2 is wrong, but what is the grammar rule making e.g. 2 incorrect? (At first I thought the rule was that you shouldn't use to-infinitive as the subject, but then I realized it couldn't be the rule as to-infinitive is sometimes used as the subject, as in &quot;To tell the truth is always right.&quot;) Combinatorics That Looks Similar to Vandermonde's Identity I have an upcoming trip where I will be flying to and from Copenhagen, through Toronto.  I notice that my departure and return gate in the Philadelphia airport is not in the international terminal.  Where will I clear customs? "1 in 10 are" or "1 in 10 is"? Take the examples:   "One in ten children are dyslexic."  "One in ten children is dyslexic." "One in ten children has dyslexia." "One in ten children have dyslexia."   The "one" is singular so 2 and 3 should be correct. But the "one in ten" is a fraction" so 1 and 4 should be correct. And yet I think I usually say 1 and 3. Which is/are correct?! Why is vim frozen? The default is that clicking on the folder in the unity dock opens the home directory.   Since there are shortcuts for all the sub-folders of the home directory in the sidebar already, I'd prefer the default directory to move to a different location (~/Documents).  How can I achieve this? Vortex in liquid collects particles in center At xmas, I had a cup of tea with some debris at the bottom from the leaves.  With less than an inch of tea left, I'd shake the cup to get a little vortex going, then stop shaking and watch it spin.  At first, the particles were dispersed fairly evenly throughout the liquid, but as time went on (and the vortex slowed, although I don't know if it's relevant) the particles would collect in the middle, until, by the time the liquid appeared to almost no longer be turning, all the little bits were collected in this nice neat pile in the center.  What's the physical explanation of the accumulation of particles in the middle?  My guess is that it's something to do with a larger radius costing the particles more work through friction... How do I show for an ideal transformer $M^2=L_1L_2$? I've been stuck on this problem for about an hour.     In an ideal transformer, the same flux passes through all turns of the primary and of the secondary . Show that in this case $M^2=L_1L_2$, where $M$ is the mutual inductance of the coils, and $L_1$, $L_2$ are their individual self-inductances.   My first instinct was the following: If we isolate the response of each coil to the other one, we get the equations $N_1\Phi_1=MI_2$ and $N_2\Phi_2=MI_1$, where $\Phi$ is magnetic flux going through a single turn of the coil and $I$ is current. Likewise, if we isolate the response of each coil to itself, we get the equations $N_1\Phi_1=L_1I_1$ and $N_2\Phi_2=L_2I_2$. I would now naturally want to say "Now just multiply $N_1\Phi_1$ and $N_2\Phi_2$ both ways, and get the desired result!" i.e.,  $$(N_1\Phi_1)(N_2\Phi_2)=(MI_2)(MI_1)=(L_1I_1)(L_2I_2)\implies M^2=L_1L_2$$  But that's incorrect, because the response of the coils to themselves and to the other coil are different quantities (i.e. not necessarily equal).  Realizing this, I write down the more general equations.  $$N_1\Phi_1=MI_2+L_1I_1$$ $$N_2\Phi_2=MI_1+L_2I_2$$  Now even with the hypothesis that $\Phi_1=\Phi_2=\Phi$, I still can't see how the identity $M^2=L_1L_2$ follows. Could you help clear up my confusion?  *Taken from D. Griffiths Introduction to Electrodynamics (4th ed.), Problem 7.58. How do I tell Maven to use the latest version of a dependency? Did spacetime start with the Big Bang?  I mean, was there any presence of this spacetime we are experiencing now before big bang? And could there be a presence/existence of any other space-time before the big bang? Example (note the case):  string s = "Hello world!"; String s = "Hello world!";   What are the guidelines for the use of each? And what are the differences? Using (or not) the word "to" in a sentence ending with "be able" Which of these is grammatically correct?   As educators, we are always looking for ways to reach all the learners in our classroom as effectively as we are able.   As educators, we are always looking for ways to reach all the learners in our classroom as effectively as we are able to.