Turnstile operator
Turnstile package
How to reduce the number of authors above >3 to 'First Author et al., (year)'? When drawing a line between two nodes in TikZ, you can specify the anchors on the beginning and end nodes in order to control how the line is drawn.  I would like to specify the anchor on the beginning node, and the angle at which the line is drawn, and let TikZ figure out where it will intercept the end node.  The usual use case is when I'm connecting to a "big node" and I would like the lines to be vertical.  I can cheat by placing a coordinate behind the big node, drawing a line to the coordinate instead, and then drawing the big node so that it covers things up.  However this won't work if I need to put an arrow on the end.  I could try to calculate the intercept coordinate on the edge of the big node manually, but that seems against the TikZ spirit.  |- doesn't work in this case.  \documentclass[10pt]{minimal} \usepackage[active,tightpage,pdftex]{preview} \usepackage{tikz}  \begin{document} \begin{preview}  \tikzstyle{RectObject}=[rectangle,fill=white,draw,line width=0.5mm] \tikzstyle{line}=[draw] \tikzstyle{arrow}=[draw, -latex]   \begin{tikzpicture}   %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%   %%  LEFT SIDE   %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%   \draw (1,0) node[RectObject] (Small1A) {A};   \draw (3,0) node[RectObject] (Small1B) {B};   \coordinate (Cheat1A) at (1,2);   \coordinate (Cheat1B) at (3,2);   \path [line] (Small1A.north) -- (Cheat1A);   \path [line] (Small1B.north) -- (Cheat1B);    % need to draw Big Node last to cover up our cheating   \draw (2,2) node[RectObject, inner xsep=1cm] (Big1) {Big Node};    \draw (2,4) node[text width=4cm] (text1) {L: Cheating to control line orientation. Arrows would be hard.};    %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%   %%  RIGHT SIDE   %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%   \draw (7,2) node[RectObject, inner xsep=1cm] (Big2) {Big Node};   \draw (6,0) node[RectObject] (Small2A) {A};   \draw (8,0) node[RectObject] (Small2B) {B};   \path [arrow] (Small2A) -- (Big2);   \path [arrow] (Small2B) -- (Big2);    \draw (7,4) node[text width=4cm] (text2) {R: No cheating. Arrows easy. Can't control line orientation.}; \end{tikzpicture} \end{preview} \end{document}   Here's a side-by-side example of "cheating", which shows what I want to be able to do, and "not cheating", which does not do what I want.    The left side of this example shows what I want to be able to do, except I want to do it without cheating, and I'd like to put arrows on the end of the lines. What is this icon depicting a phone and Wi-Fi together? I am writing a doctoral thesis and I am using  to set the references in APA (American Psychological Association) format. Mostly this has worked perfectly fine, but I would like to suppress the author initials from the compiled version (in-text, not in the end references section). This happens because there are multiple authors with the same name e.g.,     Smith and Jones (1992) or Wells and Smith (1901)    are typeset in-text as:      I. Smith and Jones (1992) or Wells and D. Smith (1901).   Although it may be correct to have the initial in-text in APA format, in reality I am using BPS (British Psychological Society) format, which uses an adapted APA format (and you guessed it, they don't like the initial in text). Thus in-text should look like the first example above (without initial) but looks like the second (with).  To clarify: Any ideas on how to suppress the initial in-text in apacite?  Thanks.  ps. I understand that I could do it with a different bibtex style, but my question pertains to apacite. Geometric interpretation of Electromagnetism US Election results 2016: What went wrong with prediction models? First it was , now the US election. Many model predictions were off by a wide margin, and are there lessons to be learned here? As late as 4 pm PST yesterday, the betting markets were still favoring Hillary 4 to 1.  I take it that the betting markets, with real money on the line, should act as an ensemble of all the available prediction models out there. So it's not far-fetched to say these models didn't do a very good job.  I saw one explanation was voters were unwilling to identify themselves as Trump supporters. How could a model incorporate effects like that?  One macro explanation I read is the rise of . The question then is how could a statistical model capture a macro trend like that?  Are these prediction models out there putting too much weight on data from polls and sentiment, not enough from where the country is standing in a 100 year view? I am quoting a friend's comments. How do Rpy2, pyrserve and PypeR compare? Details on how the Yearling badge works Jawa asked me this  and I didn't know the answer. So I present it to the meta SO community:     [To get the Yearling badge] Do you need to earn the 200 rep within that one year or is it enough to get 200 at some point after being a member for a year? And does 'a year' mean the very first 12 months or the last (sliding window of) 12 months?    I would assume that if you hit 200 reputation after you've already been around for a year, then you would get the Yearling badge. But I don't know. Writing C# debug output to .txt file Searching through ODT documents without opening them? Let's say I have 2000 .ODT files. Their names are random numbers. How do I go about searching for, let's say, "pricing list"? How do I find the document I need without opening all of them one by one and checking to see if it's the right one?  Is there some program to search through the words in the documents without opening them? What point (pt) font size are \Large etc.? In the preamble I have:  \documentclass[a4paper,11pt]{article} \usepackage{fontspec} \setmainfont{Arial}   What can be inferred about the real font pt size for the following?  \tiny, \scriptsize, \footnotesize, \small, \normalsize, \large, \Large, \LARGE, \huge, \Huge How many subgroups of order $n$ does $D_n$ have? How many subgroups of order $n$ does $D_n$ have?  My work:  Since subgroups of $D_n$ are either cyclic or dihedral, the subgroups of order $n$ of $D_n$ are $\left&lt; r \right&gt;$ (cyclic) and $D_{n/2}$ (dihedral). However, this works only for $n$ is even and $n\geq 2$. I don't know how to do when $n$ is odd. Is it fair to buy a return ticket I know I will never use just because it's cheaper? How does end-of-year interact with mutual fund prices (if it does)? Should I expect prices of mutual fund shares to go up in anticipation of dividends, down after dividends have paid out ... or just trust that the market has already reacted to that and the price is basically fair throughout the period?  (I've generally been paranoid and tended not to play with my funds around this time of year, but that may be pure superstition.)  Clarifications: USA, open-ended index funds are my immediate interest, but the answers would be most general if we could cover some of the other varieties (and, if folks are so inclined, locations). There has been a significant drop (90%) in traffic from Google to one of my well-established sites (6+ years) in the last week. Searches show that the top 3 wide keywords all dropped 4 spots. Searches for other keywords do not show ANY results in the first 10 to 25 pages of results, while previously one 1st or 2nd page at most.  Since there are , the question really is:  What steps are necessary to figure out what caused such a drop?  There have been no major changes during this period or the last month on the site and certainly not in the homepage which has dropped in rank. Over all the years of running this site and plenty of others, I have never experienced this. There are is duplicate content on my site and I have rigorously used canonical links for the last few years to ensure it is not misinterpreted as such. Why do DNGs only show in low resolution on Google Photos? I ask this Question on behalf of my neighbor.   Their 12 year old son saw his parents having sex.  As there is only one room in their home we can't say its the parents' mistake... but now the question is how do they handle the situation? Showing that $\int_0^\infty x^{-x} \mathrm{d}x \leq 2$. This integral is very closely related to the sophmores dream that states  $$ \int_0^1 x^{-x}\mathrm{d}x = \sum_{n=1}^\infty n^{-n} = 1.27\ldots $$  For example here   Now I want to bound the integral, and showing that is less that 2.  For the interval $[0,1]$ a good bound is rewriting it to $\exp(x\log x)$ and using the expansion   $$ 1 - x \log(x) + \frac12 (-x \log(x))^2$$  but how does one handle $[1,\infty)$ ? In this answer here     gives bounds to the integral, but they are not tight enough.. So to taste my question again, how does one prove that   $$ \int_0^\infty \frac{\mathrm{d}x}{x^x} \leq 2 $$ Notes:  Answers will occasionally be moved to the  when there are too many of them. When using them to report bugs, keep an eye on the post.    This site, Meta Stack Exchange, is usually used as a &quot;test bed&quot; for pending changes happening to the way text is rendered on all network sites. Changes to text rendering that are going to be rolled out to the network are usually deployed here first to test them out and fix any potential glitches. Currently, there are no such changes pending, but if there were, keep in mind that text posted here may render differently from the other sites until the changes roll out to them as well.    As per Jeff's suggestion in : You can use this question as a formatting sandbox. You can:  edit  itself ( questions such as this one require only 100 reputation to edit instead of 2,000) post answers to this question (This question might be , requiring earning 10 reputation on this site to answer) post comments to this question or its answers test suspected bugs with the editor or the rendering post ponies (only when mods are asleep)   Beware that since the  in December 2010, and  added in March 2011, no syntax highlighting is applied unless the question's tags or an inline hint enable it. So, to test highlighting here in the sandbox:  , you can use GitHub-flavor fenced code blocks in your posts, specifying the language after the opening fence: ```html While not hinted otherwise: &lt;html&gt;&lt;/html&gt; source &lt;b&gt;goes&lt;/b&gt; &quot;here&quot;. ```  ```js var a = 3; while (not (a &gt; 0)) {     alert(&quot;JavaScript code &lt;b&gt;goes&lt;/b&gt; here.&quot;); } ```   Or:  Create code blocks in any way (using the fence notation above, the four-space indent form, or using HTML &lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt; tags).  Save your post.  Use your browser's developer tools to edit the resulting HTML. To open developer tools, press F12, or ⌥⌘ I on Mac.  Find the &lt;pre&gt; element and add the attribute class=&quot;prettyprint&quot;, or change it into one of the valid syntax hints linked above, like class=&quot;lang-vb prettyprint&quot;.  Run the following in the location bar: javascript:prettyPrint(); or prettyPrint() in the console.     Answers that are considered annoying or obnoxious, or that cause breakage for users, will be deleted. This is . The following C++ code uses a ifstream object to read integers from a text file (which has one number per line) until it hits EOF. Why does it read the integer on the last line twice? How to fix this?  Code:  #include &lt;iostream&gt; #include &lt;fstream&gt; using namespace std;  int main() {     ifstream iFile("input.txt");    // input.txt has integers, one per line      while (!iFile.eof())     {         int x;         iFile &gt;&gt; x;         cerr &lt;&lt; x &lt;&lt; endl;     }      return 0; }   input.txt:  10   20   30   Output:  10   20   30   30   Note: I've skipped all error checking code to keep the code snippet small. The above behaviour is seen on Windows (Visual C++), cygwin (gcc) and Linux (gcc).