Proper placement of "e.g."
Should I always use a comma after "e.g." or "i.e."?
If $|a| = 12, |b| = 22$ and $\langle a \rangle\cap \langle b\rangle \ne e$, prove that $a^6 = b^{11}$ How to Start Web Mapping? My computer boots to a black screen, what options do I have to fix it? I am trying to boot Ubuntu on my computer.  When I boot Ubuntu, it boots to a black screen.  How can I fix this? Table of Contents: How do I create a decimal field in Access with Alter Table? Before proposing reviewers, should I notify them? Some journals require the author to propose potential reviewers. Should I just propose reviewers and let the editor contact them? Or should I first contact the potential reviewers myself and ask if they agree? What is the rule for adjective order? I am trying to find all directories in a folder recursively while exclude all git submodules  by excluding all path containing .git file. How could I do it?     Explanation:  .git file exists at the root of every submodules folder. This submodule folder could be included anywhere.    Test Case  $ mkdir Test $ cd Test $ mkdir a $ mkdir b $ mkdir c $ cd a $ mkdir .git $ cd .. $ cd b $ touch .git $ cd .. $ cd c $ mkdir c1 $ mkdir c2 $ cd.. $ find . -type d \( \( ! -name . -exec [ -e {}/.git ] \; -prune \) -o \( \( \  -name .git\  -o -name .vscode\  -o -name node_modules\  -o -name Image\  -o -name Rendered\  -o -name iNotebook\  -o -name GeneratedTest\  -o -name GeneratedOutput\   \) -prune \) -o -print \) | sort    Expected Results  . ./a ./c ./c/c1 ./c/c2 I set up a micro instance (Ubuntu, 32 bit) and assigned an elastic IP (23.23.245.104)  Public DNS: ec2-23-23-245-104.compute-1.amazonaws.com  I successfully ssh'ed to the machine and installed nginx.  Then I edited the server_name attribute in nginx's config file (/etc/nginx/sites-available/default)  server_name ec2-23-23-245-104.compute-1.amazonaws.com;   Restarted nginx and hit  but got a "could not connect" error.  What did I forget to do?  Thanks I wanted to tidy up a TeX document and was curious if you can use \lstinputlisting or a similar function to include a certain part of a source-code file.  Example, I have a 500 or so line source file and I want to include just lines 300-400.  Is there a way to do this? I'm using the alpha version of the android app on the first generation nexus 7 tablet.  The font size is a little bit small for my liking and I'm not able to pinch zoom to increase the font size.  Is this a feature that is planned in the release? Show $\lim_{n \to \infty} n^{-1} E \left( \frac{1}{X}1_{[X>n^{-1}]} \right) =0$ Suppose $X$ is a non-negative random variable satisfying  \begin{align*} P[0 \le X &lt; \infty ]=1. \end{align*} Show   a)  \begin{align*} \lim_{n \to \infty} n E \left( \frac{1}{X}1_{[X&gt;n]} \right) =0 \end{align*} b)  \begin{align*} \lim_{n \to \infty} n^{-1} E \left( \frac{1}{X}1_{[X&gt;n^{-1}]} \right) =0 \end{align*}  What I did  I showed part a) already here is the proof:  \begin{align*} n E \left( \frac{1}{X}1_{[X&gt;n]} \right) \le n E \left( \frac{1}{n}1_{[X&gt;n]} \right)=n\cdot\frac{1}{n}P[X&gt;n]=P[X&gt;n] \end{align*} So $\lim_{n \to \infty} n E \left( \frac{1}{X}1_{[X&gt;n]} \right) \le \lim_{n \to \infty} P[X&gt;n]=0$.  What about part b)? The same techniques no longer works.  I was thinking that  \begin{align*} \lim_{n \to \infty} n E \left( \frac{1}{X}1_{[X&gt;n]} \right) \le \lim_{n \to \infty} n E \left( \frac{1}{X} \right) \le 0 \end{align*} but I am not sure that $E \left( \frac{1}{X} \right) &lt; \infty$ Are the rules regarding absolute modifiers too absolute? I was writing some Unit tests last week for a piece of code that generated some SQL statements.  I was trying to figure out a regex to match SELECT, INSERT and UPDATE syntax so I could verify that my methods were generating valid SQL, and after 3-4 hours of searching and messing around with various regex editors I gave up.  I managed to get partial matches but because a section in quotes can contain any characters it quickly expands to match the whole statement.  Any help would be appreciated, I'm not very good with regular expressions but I'd like to learn more about them.  By the way it's C# RegEx that I'm after.  Clarification  I don't want to need access to a database as this is part of a Unit test and I don't wan't to have to maintain a database to test my code. which may live longer than the project. # ~/.profile: executed by the command interpreter for login shells. # This file is not read by bash(1), if ~/.bash_profile or ~/.bash_login # exists. # see /usr/share/doc/bash/examples/startup-files for examples. # the files are located in the bash-doc package.  # the default umask is set in /etc/profile; for setting the umask # for ssh logins, install and configure the libpam-umask package. #umask 022  # if running bash if [ -n "$BASH_VERSION" ]; then     # include .bashrc if it exists     if [ -f "$HOME/.bashrc" ]; then     . "$HOME/.bashrc"     fi fi  # set PATH so it includes user's private bin if it exists if [ -d "$HOME/bin" ] ; then     PATH="$HOME/bin:$PATH" fi   Can anyone explain the contents of the ~/.profile file? So when you enter into the ~/.profile file what does all the writing mean? Subject/Complement Agreement. How to describe problem with "The thing is the objects." In my , I provided the following, problematic,  wording (especially bold italic), and I need help to better understand this issue so I can fix my answer:1          The thing is the books. (Reduced form of Sentence 2.a)         Fundamentally, Sentence 2.a (the so-called "correct" answer), is grammatically defective. Recall there is another grammatical rule: the subject and subject's complement should match in number.    A clarification is needed here. I am not suggesting here, in this EL&amp;U question, that there is any such singular grammatical rule as indicated in the quote above.  The quote continues as follows:     The reduced sentence makes the disagreement between the subject's and complement's plurality obvious. What is one to do? Language is linear and we know "The thing is X" is better than "The thing are X", so we go with the former, which is the subject-verb agreement rule. But what is "the books" then? It must be thought of as a collective noun, even if it doesn't look or feel like one. Forcing something to be a collective noun is related to the idea of notional agreement.   Others noted that grammatically defective is too strongly worded.  There is no such "grammatical rule" for subject/complement agreement.  Please help me understand/improve upon my line of thought here.  I'm stating that Sentence 2.1 presents a fundamental "conflict" or "error" (however one might define error) at some level (morphological, syntax, grammatical, semantic):     The thing is the books.  (Or, "The thing is the objects.")   Based on the "obvious" morphosyntactic plurality conflict, the above sentence feels so wrong that I think many native speakers would think it "simply" grammatically incorrect. However, @F.E. gives counter examples:     And here are some more grammatical examples, where the number of subject and predicative complement don't agree: "They were a problem to us all", "That so-called work of art is simply four pieces of driftwood glued together" (CGEL, page 254-5). As CGEL says: "What is required is semantic compatibility, not syntactic agreement . . .". There are more examples on page 512: "The only thing we need now is some new curtains", "The major asset of the team is its world-class opening bowlers", "Our neighbors are a nuisance", "This gadget is five different tools in one".   I think all the examples given above can be explained as notional agreement.    Question 1: If we explain this phenomena in terms of notional vs syntactic agreement, where does "grammatically correct/incorrect" fit in?  Question 2: Can a simple sentence such as "The thing is the objects." be grammatically incorrect while more complex sentences such as "The thing is four pieces of driftwood glued together." be grammatically correct?  (The answer, in my mind, must be no; this is my conundrum.)  Question 3: Would it be better to say that Sentence 2.a has a low level of (linguistic) ?   Question 4: How about a low level of  and that it's semantically difficult to be (linguistically) ?    Question 5: Do we simply draw a hard line and say "The thing is the objects." is 100% grammatically correct?  I didn't particularly like this option based on intuitive notions of "grammatically correct".    1. Please help me and be kind; I'm trying to improve my understanding. I'm looking for cool, objective advice on how to look at this.  I numbered my questions so they can be easily referenced, if desired.  My preference is the final answer would sufficiently answer all the questions, but of course that can be done explicitly or implicitly. Please revoke badges gained by abusive voting In  (not feature request), :  ... if we find that people are abusing the system their accounts may get suspended. I would consider that kind of behavior abuse.  Well  sure qualifies. He has 11 Stack Exchange accounts and has in the last day spammed at least 8 of them to gain the Suffrage and sometimes Vox Populi badges. That's over 250 votes† in just a few hours! (And  -- while voting on other user's posts too.) I guarantee that he's not voting on those posts for/by their merits. Here's when he scammed the Suffrage badge per site (while also gaming the Vox Populi on some sites):                      - 2017-03-11 16:23:15Z                     - 2017-03-11 17:41:41Z                     - 2017-03-11 18:08:13Z                           - 2017-03-11 19:25:10Z                  - 2017-03-11 19:55:16Z                               - 2017-03-11 20:00:49Z               - 2017-03-11 20:03:13Z  - 2017-03-11 21:11:40Z  Note that he got the badge on three sites within an 8 minute span (but that might just be job run times). Please revoke badges gained through improper voting. And, maybe also warn/suspend such abusive voters.   † His account vote totals don't show all votes as some serial voting was reversed -- but none of the ill-gotten badges were. finding rational roots of polynomials Consider:  I need to do this. I need do this.  My English grammar knowledge tells me that &quot;need&quot; doesn't have the same status as the modal verbs &quot;may&quot;, &quot;can&quot;, &quot;should&quot; and what not. Hence the second usage where two verbs appear consecutively is incorrect. But yesterday, my native English speaking friends (Americans) told me that &quot;I need compute this.&quot; is a perfectly grammatical sentence, and one is simply omitting the &quot;to&quot;. How can this be? Is it a colloquial usage but grammatically incorrect, or is it grammatically correct? If it is grammatically correct, is it because &quot;need&quot; is a semi-modal verb? EDIT: in particular, is it okay to use &quot;need compute&quot; in a scientific paper? EDIT2: the exact phrase that raised the question was &quot;The advantage of this representation is that we need only compute sums and products&quot; Do Wine Viruses only work while Wine is running? How do I get back some deleted records? I mistakenly deleted around 2,000,000 records from a remote SQL Server 2008 table.  The server is not granting me access to the backup files on the server side.   Is there any way to get back these records?