One covid vaccine must be stored at -70 degrees Celsius
Why use sucrose rather than glucose in an injectable vaccine?
The  was observed, giving us the frequency and amplitude of the event. Because LIGO has two detectors a  could be derived.  But how do these three factors allow for the mass of the black holes and their distance to be calculcated? If the wave strengths are in a square relationship to distance, then couldn't there be an infinite number of other masses and distances which would give the same signals? I have iterate over numbers in various order. I am able to display them in increasing order, even with steps like:  $ seq --separator="," 1 10 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10 $ seq --separator="," 1 2 10 1,3,5,7,9   I am also able to display them in reverse order, neither continuous nor step wise.  $ seq --separator="," 10 1    $ seq --separator="," 10 2 1   No output for above commands.   My shell details:  $ bash --version GNU bash, version 3.2.25(1)-release (x86_64-redhat-linux-gnu) Copyright (C) 2005 Free Software Foundation, Inc.   Let me know how I would be able to display the numbers in descending order? I have a VIP skybag (I believe this does not matter). It has a 3-number TSA lock built into the suitcase. I know the combination to unlock, let's say it's 345. Recently it was locked and while there was a different number on the combination lock the reset/set lock button was pressed.  Since then the reset/set lock button is pressed (stuck) and the lock button also does not unlock. Any pointers on how to unlock it? I am thinking of unscrewing the lock from inside of the suitcase but it seems quite a hassle, as I may have to assemble it back. Let me know if there is any other option to unlock it from the outside. I have my A* pathfinding algorithm right now working such that given a graph it can find the route from one starting node to one goal node.   This works well for many problems, but sometimes I find that multiple goal nodes are valid.  For example, in a game, an NPC might have to go to a switch to shut a door. If there are multiple switches that shut the door in question, it doesn't matter which switch it goes to - it just needs to go to one of them.  How can I augment my pathfinding algorithm to find the path to the best goal (the shortest path)? As in, the algorithm searches for multiple goals and when it finds just one, it returns the path to that one.  One solution would be to run the algorithm as many times as there are valid goals, but you can guess why that might be inefficient. Dihedral group - elements of order $2$ Intuitive explanation of the bias-variance tradeoff? I am looking for an intuitive explanation of the bias-variance tradeoff, both in general and specifically in the context of linear regression. I have a hook_form_alter in a module, and it should be firing, but it appears it's not. I've cleared caches and rebuilt the registry. Is there someplace in the database or somewhere else where I can see if my hook is registed? FWIW here is my hook:  /**  * Implements hook_form_alter  */ function my_module_form_alter(&amp;$form, &amp;$form_state, $form_id) {   drupal_set_message($form_id); } Visiting two Schengen countries, coming back home in between, do I apply for single-entry or multiple-entry visa? I am a resident of Turkey and I will go to Austria for 6 days beginning of June and then I will come back to Turkey. After staying 10 days I will go to Italy for 11 days at the end of June. Do I need two single-entry visa, or a multiple-entry visa, and which country do I apply to? (My first destination is Austria but I will stay more in Italy) On freedom in Sartre's existentialism I am reading "Existenstialism is a humanism", the text of the famous conference by Sartre in which he explains his own version of existentialism. I think is full of logical inconsistencies, but maybe it's just because I don't understand it or I don't know enough about existentialism. Anyway, my question is about a specific passage. After having "demonstrated" that there is no way one can derive an ethics outside of Man (God does not exist and reason is insufficient), he asks himself according to what principle a person should behave and he says:     "For I declare that freedom, in respect of concrete circumstances, can   have no other end and aim but itself; and when once a man has seen   that values depend upon himself, in that state of forsakenness he can   will only one thing, and that is freedom as the foundation of all   values. That does not mean that he wills it in the abstract: it simply   means that the actions of men of good faith have, as their ultimate   significance, the quest of freedom itself as such."   So it seems Sartre says that when deciding a course of action, people will always choose "freedom," (and also, elsewhere, that "freedom" is always a good thing). That is for him the only principle, the only moral that governs or should (because we can do wrong judgments about what is freedom) govern our action.  My questions are:  1) do I understand correctly Sartre's thinking?  2) He says: a) freedom is absolute; b) the values that man chooses are also absolute because no God or reason can tell him what to do, c) therefore man will choose freedom. Is there any logic in this statement? If I replace freedom with X where X is "pleasure" or "justice" or "pain" or "zero temperature", wouldn't I "demonstrate" by this logic that man will choose X?  3) assuming what I said makes any sense, how can existentialism ever find a rule of moral conduct? and if it does, what is it and how can be demonstrated? and if it cannot, why is or has been important at all as a philosophy?  Thanks! 2.5 GB usable out of 4 GB of ram Equal simple field extensions? I have a question about simple field extensions.  For a field $F$, if $[F(a):F]$ is odd, then why is $F(a)=F(a^2)$? To prove Cayley-Hamilton theorem, why can't we substitute $A$ for $\lambda$ in $p(\lambda) = \det(\lambda I - A)$? Annoying Viber notification I have a 2&nbsp;GB Kingston  card which is about three years old. I put it in a reader today in my Windows Vista computer, wrote a 32&nbsp;MB file onto it, safely removed it, and then tried to read it elsewhere. Nothing. Putting it back in the Windows Vista computer it now says:     You need to format the disk in drive F: before you can use it.   What should I do? I have access to many computers and OSes if your recommendations need that. I would be very sad if I lost all the contents of the card. Most of the data is backed up, but there are a few things that aren't. :(  Doing a   # dd if=/dev/sdg of=~/tmp/sd.bin   gives me a 2&nbsp;GB file, and  the file it seems like lots of my data is still there. How can I put it back together? Interpret geometrically the equation The function $f$ is convex when:  $$f(tx+ (1-t)x', ty + (1-t)y') ≤  tf(x,y) + (1-t)f(x', y')$$  for all numbers $0≤t≤1$ and all pairs of points $(x,y)$ and $(x',y')$ in the domain of $f$ (the whole of $R^2$)  How would I interpret this geometrically? Also what is an example of a convex function whose graph is not a plane? What's the easiest way to play a sound file (.wav) in Python? By easiest I mean both most platform independent and requiring the least dependencies. pygame is certainly an option, but it seems overkill for just sound. What does "xmlns" in XML mean? In some text it is given that we can't assign constant values to a reference variable. When I executed such a program I could do it. Is there any condition we can't assign a constant value to a reference variable? Number of surjective functions from A to B I really love Eclipse (PDT)... But i'm developing sites using HTML5 and CSS3 and it mark the HTML5 tags like &lt;nav&gt;, &lt;section&gt; and &lt;article&gt;  as invalid tags (inexistent).  How can I add those new tags to it?  And what about CSS3 rules?  I read something about remove the "invalid tag" check... and that's not what I want. :(