"That will be..." or "Which will be.."?
Is there any difference between “which” and “that”?
Link broken on desktop but work on nautilus file manger I created a shortcut to a text file called &quot;imp&quot; on right-clicking it from the default file manager everything works well. But on clicking it on the desktop I get this  Any Idea why? I'm listing some items for sale online, and have taken a bunch of pictures with my iPhone.  About half-way through the process, iPhoto '11 stopped downloading new photos into its local Photo Stream.  I've quit iPhoto and re-opened it.  I've gone into the Photos app on my iPhone and confirmed all the pictures are there.   Is this normal behavior? Is there any way to tell iPhoto to download my pictures? 7 month old wants to sleep on its belly -- is it safe? Registering a domain name with a trademark in it What does the number next to the review link in the top bar actually mean? *.xhtml url-pattern causes java.lang.NullPointerException at com.sun.faces.context.flash.ELFlash.loggingGetPhaseMapForReading I have some survey response data that are inconsistent and I'm not sure what is the best way to handle them.  This is the nature of the inconsistency:    Have you ever had a food poisoning episode that you think might have been caused by the food in a particular restaurant ? a) Yes b) No Did any of these episodes prevent you from eating at that restaurant again?  a) Does not apply, never have had a food poisoning episode b) Yes c) No Following these episodes, did you come back to your normal condition after 24 hours?  a) Does not apply, never have had a food poisoning episode b) Yes c) No   I believe that the intent of the designers of the survey was that anyone answering "No" to 1) should answer "Does not apply" to 2) and 3), but that's not how it worked. A large group of respondents picked "No" for 1) and "No" for at least one of 2) or 3).    What is the best way to deal with this inconsistency?    Where are some good references (books, papers, websites, etc.) to look at discussions and solutions for issues of this kind, and data cleaning in general? Intuition behind using complementary CDF to compute expectation for nonnegative random variables I've read the proof for why $\int_0^\infty P(X &gt;x)dx=E[X]$ for nonnegative random variables (located ) and understand its mechanics, but I'm having trouble understanding the intuition behind this formula or why it should be the case at all. Does anyone have any insight on this? I bet I'm missing something obvious. JQuery Selector for dynamic id Where can I find computer modern fonts for use in other programs, e.g. Adobe Illustrator? For some complicated diagrams, I need to use something like Adobe Illustrator or Inkscape, and would like to include nicely typeset labels. (I'm aware of post-processing solutions, such as pinlabel.) One way to do this is to use a closely-matching font, and then convert fonts to outlines. Better, however, would be to use Computer Modern directly in Illustrator.  Where can I find a Computer Modern font compatible with Adobe Illustrator? Which function ($f$) is continuous nowhere but $|f(x)|$ is continuous everywhere? Which function ($f$) is continuous nowhere but $|f(x)|$ is continuous everywhere?   I found this question , the question seems much interesting but for obvious reason it is closed there, I was wondering how to derive such a function? Intuition for multiple temporal dimensions It’s easy, relatively speaking, to develop an intuition for higher spatial dimensions, usually by induction on familiar lower-dimensional spaces. But I’m having difficulty envisioning a universe with multiple dimensions of time. Even if such a thing may not be real or possible, it seems like a good intellectual exercise. Can anyone offer an illustrative example? Why can't I use a type argument in a type parameter with multiple bounds? So, I understand that the following doesn't work, but why doesn't it work?  interface Adapter&lt;E&gt; {}  class Adaptulator&lt;I&gt; {     &lt;E, A extends I &amp; Adapter&lt;E&gt;&gt; void add(Class&lt;E&gt; extl, Class&lt;A&gt; intl) {         addAdapterFactory(new AdapterFactory&lt;E, A&gt;(extl, intl));     } }   The add() method gives me a compile error, "Cannot specify any additional bound Adapter&lt;E&gt; when first bound is a type parameter" (in Eclipse), or "Type parameter cannot be followed by other bounds" (in IDEA), take your pick.  Clearly you're just Not Allowed to use the type parameter I there, before the &amp;, and that's that. (And before you ask, it doesn't work if you switch 'em, because there's no guarantee that I isn't a concrete class.) But why not? I've looked through Angelika Langer's FAQ and can't find an answer.  Generally when some generics limitation seems arbitrary, it's because you've created a situation where the type system can't actually enforce correctness. But I don't see what case would break what I'm trying to do here. I'd say maybe it has something to do with method dispatch after type erasure, but there's only one add() method, so it's not like there's any ambiguity...  Can someone demonstrate the problem for me? I want to prove the assertion:      The unique quadratic subfield of $\mathbb{Q}(\zeta_p)$ is $\mathbb{Q}(\sqrt{p})$ when $p \equiv 1 \pmod{4}$, respectively $\mathbb{Q}(\sqrt{-p})$ when $p \equiv 3 \pmod{4}$.   My first attempt is this. In $\mathbb{Z}[\zeta_p]$, $1-\zeta_p$ is prime and $$ p = \epsilon^{-1} (1-\zeta_p)^{p-1} $$ where $\epsilon$ is a unit.  Since $p$ is an odd prime, $(p-1)/2$ is an integer and  $$ \sqrt{\epsilon p } = (1-\zeta_p)^{(p-1)/2} $$ makes sense and belongs to $\mathbb{Z}[\zeta_p]$.    How do I deal with the $\epsilon$ under the square root?  I guess the condition on the congruence class of $p$ comes from that.  Is this even the right way to proceed?  Uniqueness is not clear to me either.  I thought about looking at the valuation $v_p$ on $\mathbb{Q}$, extending it to two possible quadratic extensions beneath $\mathbb{Q}(\zeta_p)$, then seeing how those have to extend to common valuations on $\mathbb{Q}(\zeta_p)$, but I didn't see how to make it work.  I would appreciate some help. Don't heavier objects actually fall faster because they exert their own gravity? The common understanding is that, setting air resistance aside, all objects dropped to Earth fall at the same rate. This is often demonstrated through the thought experiment of cutting a large object in half. The halves clearly can't then fall more slowly just by being sliced in two.  However, I believe the answer is that when two objects fall together, attached or not, they do "fall" faster than an object of less mass alone does. This is because not only does the Earth accelerate the objects toward itself but the objects also accelerate the Earth toward themselves. Considering the formula: $$ F_{\text{g}} = \frac{G m_1 m_2}{d^2} $$  Given $F = ma$ thus $a = F/m$, we note that the mass of the small object doesn't seem to matter as when calculating acceleration the force is divided by the $m$ term, its mass. However, this overlooks that the force is actually applied to both objects, not just to the smaller one. The acceleration on the second, larger object is found by dividing $F$, in turn, by the larger object's mass. The two objects' acceleration vectors are exactly opposite, so closing acceleration is the sum of the two:  $$ a_{\text{closing}} = \frac{F}{m_1} + \frac{F}{m_2} $$  Since the Earth is extremely massive compared to everyday objects, the acceleration imparted on the object by the Earth will radically dominate the equation. As the Earth is $\sim 5.972 \times {10}^{24} \, \mathrm{kg} ,$ a falling object of $5.972 \, \mathrm{kg}$ (just over 13 pounds) would accelerate the Earth about $\frac{1}{{10}^{24}}$ as much, which is one part in a trillion trillion.  Of course in everyday situations, we can for all practical purposes treat objects as falling at the same rate because of this negligible difference—which our instruments probably couldn't even detect. But I'm hoping not for a discussion of practicality or what's measurable or observable, but what we think is actually happening.  Am I right or wrong?  What really clinched this for me was considering dropping a small Moon-massed object close to the Earth and a small Earth-massed object close to the Moon. This made me realize that falling isn't one object moving toward some fixed frame of reference, but that the Earth is just another object, and thus "falling" consists of multiple objects mutually attracting in space. Why are tar archive formats switching to xz compression to replace bzip2 and what about gzip? Cannot refer to a non-final variable inside an inner class defined in a different method I have a directory filled with files with names like logXX where XX is a two-character, zero-padded, uppercase hex number such as:  log00 log01 log02 ... log0A log0B log0C ... log4E log4F log50 ...   Generally there will be fewer than say 20 or 30 files total.  The date and time on my particular system is not something that can be relied up on (an embedded system with no reliable NTP or GPS time sources).  However the filenames will reliably increment as shown above.  I wish to grep through all the files for the single most recent log entry of a certain type, I was hoping to cat the files together such as...  cat /tmp/logs/log* | grep 'WARNING 07 -' | tail -n1   However it occurred to me that different versions of bash or sh or zsh etc. might have different ideas about how the * is expanded.  The man bash page doesn't say whether or not the expansion of * would be a definitely ascending alphabetical list of matching filenames.  It does seem to be ascending every time I've tried it on all the systems I have available to me -- but is it DEFINED behaviour or just implementation specific?  In other words can I absolutely rely on cat /tmp/logs/log* to concatenate all my log files together in alphabetical order? Why does $\sqrt{n\sqrt{n\sqrt{n \ldots}}} = n$? Ok, so I've been playing around with radical graphs and such lately, and I discovered that if the   nth x = √(1st x √ 2nd x ... √nth x);   Then  $$\text{the "infinith" } x = x$$  Example:   $$\sqrt{4\sqrt{4\sqrt{4\sqrt{4\ldots}}}}=4$$ Try it yourself, type calc in Google search, hit  then a number, such as $4$, and repeat, ending with $4$, (or press the buttons instead).  I'm a math-head, not big enough though, I think this sequence is divergent or convergent or whatever, too lazy to search up the difference.  However, can this be explained to me? Like how the Pythagorean Theorem can be explained visually. I saw her dance/dancing? I saw a flash of lightning strike/striking? I caught her steal/stealing?