how to read a PDF into a char array for HTTP response output
Reading a binary file and using Response.BinaryWrite()
I am just curious, I use handlebar mounted lights, and since I have multiple bikes to switch, it's a lot of trouble changing the light from one to another. So, I am thinking of switching to helmet mounted lights.  Give me your point of view. Why or why not? Which is better suitable for which riding type? Which of $\{J_0,J_1,J_2\}$ and $\{J_0,J_+,J_-\}$ is a generator for the Lie algebra $\mathfrak{su}(2)$? I have just started learning about Lie algebra in the context of quantum mechanics and got confused with this: Some sources say the generators are $J_0,J_1$ and $J_2$ and some use $J_0,J_+$ and $J_−$. Which set is correct? Or if both are correct what key concept am I missing here? My understanding is that if have certain commutation relations then we know that Lie Algebra is such and such. But if we have two such choices then this understanding falls apart? How do I figure out what is $\mathfrak{su}(2)$ Lie Algebra in general? My book uses the argument that the multiplicities of a few macrostates in a macroscopic object take up an extraordinarily large share of all possible microstates, such that even over the entire lifetime of the universe, if each microstate had an equal chance of being accessed, fluctuations away from equilibrium would never occur.  My question to this statistical proof is this: In the real world, is there really an infinitesimal but nonzero chance that macroscopic systems could access some of the more unlikely macrostates (e.g. heat transfer from a cold object to a hot object)? I understand that the Bernoulli effect is a flawed explanation for the cause of lift, and does not cause much at all, but how much?   Is there any experimental data on the force caused by the Bernoulli effect? Maybe implicitly through data of the pressure difference between the top and underside of an aeroplane's wings. After that, I assume I could (crudely approximating the pressure to be acting perpendicularly to the flight direction) use $\Delta P A$ to work out the net force on the plane.    Perhaps there is another way to quantitatively analyse the extent to which the Bernoulli effect causes lift.  Edit: see  short cartoon (content similar to Mike Dunlavey's answer). I have the following text:    A   Hello   world   B   Hello   world   C   Hello   world   I know that I can replace Hello by Hi using sed:  sed 's/Hello/Hi/g' -i test   but this replace each Hello with Hi:    A   Hi   world   B   Hi   world   C   Hi   world   what I really want is to replace only the Hello after B:    A   Hello   world   B   Hi   world   C   Hello   world   so I have tried this:  sed 's/"B\nHello"/"B\nHi"/g' -i test   but nothing happened, How can I do this?  Note: There are some white-spaces on the beginning of each line of the file. I'm looking for the name of a series of space opera novels I read some time ago, probably between 2003 and 2010.    It may have been published quite a few years before I read it, I don't think it was new at the time. I borrowed the novels from the local library, but I can't find them in its catalogue. I think the covers were fairly dark and plain, though there may have been some artwork on them. There was a totalitarian empire that controlled most planets, possibly ruled by a queen. There was no mention of Earth, the solar system or other real planets, the setting was completely fictional. There were people with psychic/psionic powers, referred to as something like "psi". These people were second-class citizens or slaves. Spaceships were used to travel between worlds. I'm not sure what kind of FTL technology they had, if any. Beyond the edge of the empire was some kind of "dark space", where there was no light. There were some horror themes: When travelling in dark space in one of the novels, a ships crew experienced strange thoughts and hallucinations. I remember finding this quite scary at the time.   Does anyone know which series this could be?  This isn't a duplicate of , since the two questions are about different parts of the same series (the first and second episodes). What is the $n$ times iterate of $f(x)=\frac{x}{\sqrt{1+x^2}}$? I don't do math a long time, so I completely don't remember how to prove that: $$ \sum_{i=1}^\infty \frac{i}{2^i} = 2 $$  Can anybody help me? Create UEFI bootable USB stick to install Windows AND Ubuntu from it I know how to make a UEFI bootable stick to install Ubuntu (explained ) and I know how to make one to install Windows 7 (, sorry). I guess for Win 8 the procedure would be similar, but I haven't looked into it.  I also know how to make a legacy bootable stick from which I can install Windows and Ubuntu using YUMI. I have failed so far though at creating a UEFI bootable stick that can do this. When I do a UEFI boot from my YUMI multiboot stick it gives me no option to choose between Ubuntu and Windows (hardly surprising I guess) and instead simply UEFI boots Windows (which I find kind of surprising to be honest but maybe this is due to the fact that I added the Windows image after the Ubuntu image and this simply replaced Ubuntu's EFI boot files).  So how would I proceed to create such a bootable stick? Polygon intersection using turf js I have given this code for intersection: function intersectPolyByPolyFC(poly,fcPoly){         var fgp=[];//variable for feature group         var bbPoly=turf.bboxPolygon(turf.bbox(poly));//polygon representation of the bounding box of a reference polygon         for(var i=0;i&lt;fcPoly.features.length;i++){//loop through the feature collection of polygons             var bb=turf.bboxPolygon(turf.bbox(fcPoly.features[i]));//variable bb represents each polygon for feature collection             if(turf.intersect(bbPoly,bb)){//condition to check if the two bounding boxes intersect                 var int= turf.intersect(poly,fcPoly.features[i]);                 if(int){                     int.properties=fcPoly.features[i].properties;                     fgp.push(int);                 }             }         }         return turf.featureCollection(fgp);     }  and the function definition I have given as var bufline=turf.buffer(line,0.05,{units:&quot;kilometers&quot;}); var intBUOWL= intersectPolyByPolyFC(bufline, lyrBUOWL.toGeoJSON()); L.geoJSON(intBUOWL,{style:{color:'red',weight:5}}).addTo(mymap);  When I am drawing a line over a polygon for intersection I am getting this error Uncaught TypeError: Cannot read property 'map' of undefined     at Object.t.collect (turf.min.js:1)     at summarizePointsByLine (buffer.html:440)     at NewClass.&lt;anonymous&gt; (buffer.html:155)     at NewClass.fire (Events.js:190)     at NewClass._fireCreatedEvent (leaflet.draw.js:8)     at NewClass._fireCreatedEvent (leaflet.draw.js:8)     at NewClass.completeShape (leaflet.draw.js:8)     at HTMLAnchorElement.handler (DomEvent.js:92)  How can I resolve this error? How can I evaluate $$\sum_{n=1}^\infty\frac{2n}{3^{n+1}}$$? I know the answer thanks to , but I'm more concerned with how I can derive that answer. It cites tests to prove that it is convergent, but my class has never learned these before. So I feel that there must be a simpler method.  In general, how can I evaluate $$\sum_{n=0}^\infty (n+1)x^n?$$ Why did Voldemort stop employing Occlumency against Harry in Deathly Hallows? Adding Arabic text to an English document Why this JSFiddle does not work I'm quite confused about attacking with two weapons in both hands and wondering what is required to be able to do to (in Pathfinder).  1. Base Attack Bonus Looking at the base attack bonus tables for different classes (e.g. the ) it seems like up to +5 you get only one attack per full action but starting from base-attack-bonus of +6 you get a second attack with +1.  2. Feats There is a feat . The existence of the feat sounds like you could not do two-weapon-fighting without it. However, in the description of "normal" it says:     If you wield a second weapon in your off hand, you can get one extra attack per round with that weapon. When fighting in this way you suffer a –6 penalty with your regular attack or attacks with your primary hand and a –10 penalty to the attack with your off hand. If your off-hand weapon is light, the penalties are reduced by 2 each.   3. Core Rulebook Chapter about combat If I understand the  it says that you need a full-round action do attack with both weapons in two hands.  So how do these things interact? Can I only attack with my off-hand weapon if my base-attack-bonus is high enough that I get second one with +1?  If not, how does the "multiple attacks from high base-attack-bonus" interact with dual-wielding? Assuming I reached a state of base-attack-bonus with +11/+6/+1 and have a full-round action to attack. Does that mean I can either attack with my primary weapon three times or use the primary weapon and off-hand weapon to attack only twice? Why would I then ever choose dual-wielding? Or can I attack three times with both weapons (leading to a total of 6 attacks with heavy malus) Or would I get 3 attacks with the primary weapon + 1 attack with the off-hand weapon? If so, what attack bonus do I have to use for each of the attacks? Why can't I copy a 7 GB file to an external USB HD with 120 GB free? If $a$, $b$, and $c$ are sides of a triangle, then $\frac{a}{b+c}+\frac{b}{c+a}+\frac{c}{a+b}<2$. Let $a,b,c$ be the lengths of the sides of a triangle. Prove that $$\sum_{\text{cyc}}\frac{a}{b+c}=\frac{a}{b+c}+\frac{b}{c+a}+\frac{c}{a+b}&lt;2\,.$$  Attempt.  By clearing the denominators, the required inequality is equivalent to $$a^2(b+c)+b^2(c+a)+c^2(a+b)&gt;a^3+b^3+c^3\,.$$ Since $b+c&gt;a$, $c+a&gt;b$, and $a+b&gt;c$, the inequality above is true.  Is there a better, non-bruteforce way? given that $f$ is an analytic function with real part $u$ is a polynomial in the variable of $x,y$, $z=x+iy$, we need to show $f$ is a polynomial in $z$, I am kind of puzzled to see the problem, first I would like to say:any hint please Can an Indian travel to India with 50 days before passport expires? My wife is travelling from Philadelphia to India in January 2019 and, on her outbound trip, she will only have 50 days validity left on her passport. However, while in India, she will be renewing her passport. The reply from a similar question seems to answer point 1 below, but I wanted a second opinion to be sure.  Here are the questions we have:  Can she travel from the US to India via Doha, Qatar with passport validity of only 50 days? Can we make a reservation on Qatar Airways for the roundtrip travel using her current passport and before the return from India to the US update passport information on the reservation? Determine whether or not a point lies within a rotated rectangle