What is the benefit of review a scientific paper as a referee?
why do academics write peer reviews?
Determine the exact date of creation of an Apple ID Is it possible to determine the exact date and time (if possible) of creation of an Apple ID?   Is there any official or unofficial way to establish this if you don't have the initial sign up information recorded? Continuously differentiable map from $\mathbb{R}^{m+n}$ to $\mathbb{R}^n$ Suppose $m,n&gt;0$, $U$ an open subset of $\mathbb{R}^{m+n}$ and let $f: U \to \mathbb{R}^n$ be continuously differentiable.  Is it possible for $f$ to be injective?    My thinking is that continuous differentiability+injectivity suggests that this is sort of getting at a converse to the Inverse Function Theorem.  We know the Jacobian is not invertible at any point in $U$, and the question is asking if this implies that $f$ cannot be invertible in any neighborhood contained in $U$. Google Docs thumbnails do not update, can I force an update? I don't think I've seen any answers to this question, but I'm curious as to why, when you have a 64-bit OS installed (ex: Vista x64), IE defaults to the 32-bit version? Are there drawbacks to using the x64 version of IE (IE8, specifically)? Transpose some columns to rows using pivot with SQL Need clarification on the Draw 4 rule. - Player 1 lays down a Draw 4 Card and says the color is Red. - Player 2 does not have a Red card but has a Draw 4 Card. Can Player 2 lay down his Draw 4 Card and have Player 3 draw 8 cards? ArcGIS ModelBuilder iterator reports only last input shapefile? Using Arc 10.3.1, if I manually enter the names of multiple shapefiles (all from the same folder) into the Check Geometry tool, the (single) output table lists the errors that exist in all of the shapefiles.    That is, only one output table is created, even if multiple input shapefiles have errors.  For example, if two shapefiles have errors, both will be listed in the single output table. Here's a screen print of the input:    However, if I iterate those same shapefiles (using the Feature Classes option), the output table only lists the last shapefile that went through the iteration.  Here's a screenshot of the model:     I suspect that the iterator is running Check Geometry not once, but three times, with a single input shapefile going through each iteration, overwriting the previous output.    How do I get the iterator to list all of the shapefiles with errors, either in separate output tables or aggregated in a single output table? Can you use Magical Secrets to choose high level spells when multiclassing as a Bard? Say you have a Wizard 7/Bard 9. You gain your 17th level and choose to gain the level in Bard (which grants you Magical Secrets). According to the Multiclass Spellcaster: Spell Slots per Spell Level table, you now have a single 9th level spell slot. Can the spells you choose from Magical Secrets be 9th level spells even though you can only cast up to 5th level Bard spells? Pressure variation in a sound wave Do multi-use keys get discarded when finished with? As with many resident evil games, you sometimes needs to collect certain keys to open certain doors, and resident evil 7 has plenty of these around.  Some keys are clearly single use, and get left in the lock in which you use them. However, there are a number of keys that can be used on multiple doors. For example, the Scorpion Key.  I am concerned that I might end up carrying these around needlessly and using up valuable inventory space, so...  Do these multi-use keys get discarded when you use them on all the doors they apply to? Or do you get a warning saying the key is no longer needed? (like previous games are known to do) Is it possible to have a different background for each workspace? I normally use 4 different workspaces for different things, and they are always the same. Can I make a different background image for each one of them?   I would like an answer that works for GNOME 3 desktop environment, Unity and the Classic desktop environment.     This question has multiple answers covering different Ubuntu versions: I have a Sharepoint online page on which I would like to remove the blue navigation bar at the very top of the screen (the one with the seach bar in the middle and the button on the left with 9 dots to switch to different Microsoft apps). I have checked all of the header settings and also went into the site settings and modified the search settings. I was able to exclude the site from search results, however the blue bar still remains. Is this possible to remove in a default SharePoint online site without using custom CSS or anything like that? Does this exist: software for noise cancellation I have a number of friends on my battle.net account. However, sometimes I don't want to appear online to some (or all) of them. Is there a way to be hidden from your friends on battle.net? Embedded quotes in arcpy.CalculateField_management expression I'm using arcpy.CalculateField_management to populate a field.  The expression:  "'https://anystate.gov/someportal/DisplayQueryResults.aspx?Prompts=Spill%20Number="!ID!"&amp;Database=OfficeDocs&amp;Query=DEP_Spill_Projects&amp;QuerySet=Portal_Queries&amp;User=Portal.DEP&amp;Password=DEPPortal1'"   will work when entered into the Calculate Field Tool.  The url is completed by pulling in values from the ID field.  However, the Python code snippet pasted into my script results in a syntax error. It's worth noting the expression is bounded by """"'....'"""" (4 double quotes outside a single quote.  I tried Midavalo's suggestion a couple of different ways. First attempt set  expression = 'https://anystate.gov/someserver/…{0}&amp;Database=OfficeDocs&amp;Query=DEP_Sp‌​ill_Projects&amp;QuerySe‌​t=Portal_Queries&amp;Use‌​r=Portal.DEP&amp;Passwor‌​d=DEPPortal1'.format‌​(!ID!)   Resulting in invalid syntax  Based on the Python link, the second try included single quotes:   'https://....'.format('!ID!')    But the result was a syntax error How do I repair a corrupted Firefox places.sqlite database? I had some problems with my RAM (bluescreen several times, Windows XP) and now are my Firefox databases damaged. Firefox is working, but my history is gone and it's reporting several inconsistencies and errors when executing pragma integrity_check on places.sqlite:     database disk image is malformed   Now the question, how do I repair SQLite-Databases? I would like to create a reminder on Google Calendar every month on the 15th, but if the 15th in that month is a Friday/Saturday, I want it automatically to set it to the closest Sunday/Thursday. Is this possible? Convert list of ints to one number? Number of $(0,1)$ $m\times n$ matrices with no empty rows or columns Find the population size that maximizes the probability that two random samples of size $20$ will have exactly $2$ members in common Ten fish are caught in a lake, marked, and then returned to the lake. Two days later 20 fish are again caught, 2 of which have been marked.  (a) Find the probability of 2 of the 20 fish being marked if the lake has $k$ fish (assuming the fish are caught at random). (b) What value of k maximizes the probability?    Progress:     I got the (a), $$\binom{10}{2}\binom{k-10}{18}\bigg/ \binom{k}{20}$$ But how do I get part (b) where $k$ is to maximize the probability?