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Should I use "got" or "gotten" in the following sentence? "I cannot seem to find it" Is there always an equivalent metric which is not complete? How can one change a coordinate system for a .lasd (Lidar) dataset?  The file is currently in UTM_Zone_15N and I am trying to convert it to IL_East. Is there a faster way to open a process as Administrator (With UAC enabled)? Currently (In Windows 10) - if I want to open a CMD prompt, I'll hit the Windows key, type CMD and hit Enter. If I want it open as an administrator, I have to right click the item and click Run As administrator. Is there a way I can do this without using the mouse? What is the T-SQL To grant read and write access to tables in a database in SQL Server? What is the exact SQL to assign db_datareader and db_datawriter roles to a user in SQL Server?  The user name is MYUSER and the database is MYDB. Implicit conversion issue in a ternary condition Can't save batch file shortly after running it on Windows 7 Choosing whether to include PDF or PNG in PDFLaTeX Can I tell graphicx somehow which graphic format to choose when I omit the file extension in includegraphics and both a PDF and a PNG version of the same image exist? The reason is that I have some very large PDF vector graphics (in terms of file size/drawing primitives) that take a pretty long time to load each time I view the document. I would like to convert them to PNGs while working on the document and only use the PDF versions in the final document. Therefore, a global option that I can switch in the end would be great.  An additional plus would be to do the conversion to PNG on the fly during the LaTeX run if there is a PDF that has not been converted to PNG yet, if a tool for that exists. (I know how to use convert, but not how to include it automatically in LaTeX.) Does the lack of sleep affect my health? In the past month, I've been really busy with the university and stuff, and I don't sleep as much as I used to. I usually sleep 4-5 hours a night.  I haven't been doing that extensively ( I always kept a good sleeping routine), but can the lack of sleep affect my health on the long term ? Somebody asked me this question in a job interview and I replied that their joint distribution is always Gaussian. I thought that I can always write a bivariate Gaussian with their means and variance and covariances. I am wondering if there can be a case for which the joint probability of two Gaussians is not Gaussian? How can a single Curve Interpolation Mode set to Constant? Can a multiclass character use either of its spellcasting modifiers for spells? What are the system requirements for each flavour of Ubuntu Desktop? I'm thinking about installing Ubuntu Desktop, but I don't know what flavor is the best for my system. What are the minimum and recommended hardware requirements? What kind of CPU? How much memory? Should I have Hardware Acceleration? What flavor should I use?  This is an attempt of a canonical answer. My answers have the &quot;official  requirements&quot;, the recommended are a mix of official sources and opinion based (along with the answer it's told the source). You can comment or edit if you feel that the information is obsolete or incomplete. It is a good rule of thumb that any system capable of running Windows Vista, 7, 8, x86 (Intel) OS X will almost always be a lot faster with any Ubuntu flavor even if they are lower-spec than described below. Graduate student in or of? In my cover letter I want to write that I am a graduate student in statistics. But I am not sure about the "in". So what is correct?     I am a graduate student in statistics.      I am a graduate student of statistics. Is it possible to accept the alternative hypothesis? I'm aware of several related questions here (e.g., , ) but I don't know the definitive answer for my question below.  Suppose a hypothesis test where we want to test whether a coin is fair or not. We have two hypotheses:  $H_0: p(head)=0.5$  $H_1: p(head)\neq0.5$  Suppose we use 5% significance level, there are two possible cases:   When we obtain the data and find that the p-value is less than 0.05, we say "With significance level 5%, we reject $H_0$."  p-value is greater than 0.05, then we say "With 5% significance level, we cannot reject $H_0$."   My question is:      In case 1, is it correct to say "we accept $H_1$"?   Intuitively, and from what I have learned in the past, I feel that "accepting" anything as a result of hypothesis testing is always incorrect. On the other hand, in this case, since the union on $H_0$ of $H_1$ covers the whole "space", "reject $H_0$" and "accepting $H_1$" look exactly the same to me. On another thought, I can also think of the following idea, which says it is incorrect to say "we accept $H_1$":     We have an evidence strong enough to believe that $H_0$ is not true, but we may not have an evidence strong enough to believe that $H_1$ is true. Therefore, "rejecting $H_0$" does not automatically imply "accepting $H_1$"   So, what is the right answer? How to derive the ridge regression solution? I am having some issues with the derivation of the solution for ridge regression.  I know the regression solution without the regularization term:  $$\beta = (X^TX)^{-1}X^Ty.$$  But after adding the L2 term $\lambda\|\beta\|_2^2$ to the cost function, how come the solution becomes   $$\beta = (X^TX + \lambda I)^{-1}X^Ty.$$ Is there a way to resolve probability of an event, given another event that never happens? Mathematically speaking the problem is:  Given that $P(B) = 0$,  $$P(A|B)=\frac{P(A \cap B)}{P(B)} = \frac{0}{0}$$  Is this probability vacuously $0$ of $1$? Can we show that it's one or the other? How can I restrict various roles with limit in creating nodes of a particular content type Community user id interpreted by absolute value in search