Is There A Cycles Alternative For The Halo Material Effect?
Halo particles don't render in Cycles
Should the noun after "any" be singular or plural? I always thought with "any" I should use the plural, but on the internet I can find both:   It can be found in any book. It can be found in any books Do you have any books? It can be said in any language.  This can be understood by anyone.  It has been used in any form.   So, what's correct?  Is there any rule? Proof of dilogarithm reflection formula $\zeta(2)-\log(x)\log(1-x)=\operatorname{Li}_2(x)+\operatorname{Li}_2(1-x)$ Today I upgraded to the Creators Update by running setup from the ISO mounted locally. When I got back to my computer I opened Task Manager and saw my memory usage was a lot higher than it was previously (it's now almost 6GB memory usage at idle after logging in instead of 2-3GB with the previous Windows build) - the processes tab revealed that there were upwards of 60 different instances of svchost.exe running. This 6GB figure is just for process memory - not including memory used for caching or "standby".  I ran tasklist /svc to get a listing of which services were in which processes and it lists almost every svchost.exe instance as only having one running service contained within (with the exception of a handful of instances that are running a few system services).  Here's  my output:  Image Name                     PID Services ========================= ======== ============================================ System Idle Process              0 N/A System                           4 N/A smss.exe                       440 N/A csrss.exe                      612 N/A wininit.exe                    700 N/A csrss.exe                      708 N/A services.exe                   776 N/A lsass.exe                      784 KeyIso, Netlogon, SamSs, VaultSvc svchost.exe                    888 PlugPlay svchost.exe                    908 BrokerInfrastructure, DcomLaunch, Power,                                    SystemEventsBroker fontdrvhost.exe                936 N/A svchost.exe                   1000 RpcEptMapper, RpcSs svchost.exe                    104 LSM winlogon.exe                   544 N/A fontdrvhost.exe                420 N/A svchost.exe                   1072 DeviceInstall dwm.exe                       1136 N/A svchost.exe                   1164 BFE, CoreMessagingRegistrar, MpsSvc svchost.exe                   1424 lmhosts svchost.exe                   1432 W32Time svchost.exe                   1440 nsi svchost.exe                   1448 wudfsvc svchost.exe                   1528 hidserv svchost.exe                   1628 Dhcp svchost.exe                   1716 Dnscache svchost.exe                   1748 EventLog WUDFHost.exe                  1792 N/A svchost.exe                   1908 TimeBrokerSvc svchost.exe                   1952 NlaSvc NVDisplay.Container.exe       1968 NVDisplay.ContainerLocalSystem svchost.exe                   1324 Themes svchost.exe                   1596 ProfSvc svchost.exe                   1944 EventSystem svchost.exe                   1052 netprofm svchost.exe                   2116 StateRepository svchost.exe                   2256 SENS svchost.exe                   2296 AudioEndpointBuilder svchost.exe                   2304 FontCache (etc)...   I know you can configure individual services to run in their own instance of svc with the sc config &lt;serviceName&gt; type= own command, but to my knowledge I've never run this command.  I took a quick look at Computer\HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services and it looks like the Type key values for most of these services is missing the flag bit at 0x10 which controls if a service runs in its own svchost.exe instance or not. I wonder what could have effected this change.  Has anyone else observed this behaviour before or after installing Windows 10 Creators Update? If it is a default configuration change, will it have any implications on system performance or stability?  I suspect it will increase system stability because if a service crashes it won't bring down other services - but this comes at a massive cost of RAM - but I've never experienced a service crashing on me - or at least ever noticed it (instead the worst problem I've had is with wuauserv consuming 100% CPU for hours on end - and that's not a problem process isolation will solve).  (I just noticed: they finally added an address bar to the Registry Editor!) How to prove $\lim \limits_{n\to\infty}(n+1)\int_{0}^{1}x^nf(x)dx=f(1)$ I need help to prove this in real analysis. I think it uses IMVT, but not sure how to do it.     Let $f(x)$ be a real valued continuous function on $[0,1]$. Show that   $$ \lim \limits_{n\to\infty}(n+1)\int_{0}^{1}x^nf(x)dx=f(1) $$ Selecting points within polygon and updating attributes using ArcPy? I have two feature classes, a polygon of sales areas for a city, and point layer of addresses. I want to select the addresses based on the sales area they are in and update their attribute table to show the sales area. I have searched python+point+in+polygon for other posts and I know how to select the polygons but I can't figure out how to populate the address points.   I found the following script that works but takes almost two hours to run.  import arcpy import os  # Allow overwrite  arcpy.env.overwriteOutput = True  # Script user input parameters polygonLayer = arcpy.GetParameter(0) pointLayer = arcpy.GetParameter(1) workspace = arcpy.GetParameter(2) copyField = = arcpy.GetParameterAsText (3)   # Add new field to target feature class  fieldList = arcpy.ListFields(pointLayer) fieldNameList = [] for field in fieldList:    fieldNameList.append(field.name) fieldType = arcpy.ListFields(polygonLayer,copyField)[0].type if not copyField in fieldNameList:     arcpy.AddField_management(pointLayer, copyField, fieldType)  arcpy.MakeFeatureLayer_management(polygonLayer, "PolygonLayer")  pntCursor = arcpy.UpdateCursor(pointLayer) for pnt in pntCursor:     rowID = pnt.OBJECTID     arcpy.MakeFeatureLayer_management(pointLayer, "PointLayer", '"OBJECTID" = ' + str(rowID))      # Polygon selection based on CONTAINS selection method     arcpy.SelectLayerByLocation_management("PolygonLayer", "CONTAINS", "PointLayer")      # Copy field values from polygon to point layer         polyCursor = arcpy.SearchCursor("PolygonLayer")             for poly in polyCursor:         pnt.setValue(copyField, poly.getValue(copyField))         pntCursor.updateRow(pnt)      arcpy.Delete_management("PointLayer")          del pntCursor, polyCursor, pnt, poly   I don't think I need to create a new field so I have simplified my script too:  # Import arcpy module import arcpy import os  # Allow overwrite  arcpy.env.overwriteOutput = True  # Script user input parameters polygonLayer = arcpy.GetParameter(0) pointLayer = arcpy.GetParameter(1) workspace = arcpy.GetParameter(2) fsaPoly = arcpy.GetParameterAsText (3) #FSA in FSA_Boundaries fsaPnt =  arcpy.GetParameterAsText (4) #FSA in Addresses   # Select all Address in FSA     polyCursor = arcpy.SearchCursor("PolygonLayer")      for poly in polyCursor: # Select based on CONTAINS      arcpy.SelectLayerByLocation_management(poly, "CONTAINS", "PointLayer")  # Add FSA to Address         pntCursor = arcpy.UpdateCursor("pointLayer")               for pnt in pointCursor:             pnt.setValue(fsaPnt, fsaPoly)             pntCursor.updateRow(pnt)   del pntCursor, polyCursor, pnt, poly   I know my update cursor is wrong but i'm stuck on how to update one feature class using information selected from the other.   I know I can do this manually but I need to do it for multiple cities so I would like to automate the process.   I am using Arc 10.2.2 to run my python script. How do I prove that in every commuting family there is a common eigenvector? The proof given by my textbook is highly non-satisfying. The author adopted some magic-like "reductio ad absurdum" and the proof (although is correct) didn't reveal the nature of this problem. I made my own effort into it and tried a different approach. Yet I can't finish it.  Let $\mathscr{F}$ be a commuting family in $M_n(\mathbb{C}^n)$, and $A\in\mathscr{F}$, then $A$ has $n$ eigenvalues. We pick one, say $\lambda$. Let $x$ be one of its eigenvector.  We can easily prove that, if $A$ has no other eigenvector with eigenvalue $\lambda$ that linearly independent with $x$, which means that $\{cx|c\in\mathbb{C}\}$ are the only vectors satisfying $Ax=\lambda x$, then $x$ is a common eigenvector. Because $\forall B\in\mathscr{F}$ and $\forall y\in \{cx|c\in\mathbb{C}\}$, $$A(Bx)=ABx=BAx=B(Ax)=B(\lambda x)=\lambda (Bx)$$, so that $Bx$ has to be in $\{cx|c\in\mathbb{C}\}$, that is, $Bx=c_0x$ for some $c_0\in\mathbb{C}$, which means $x$ is a eigenvector of $B$ too.  But what if there are vectors satisfying $Ax=\lambda x$ that's not in  $\{cx|c\in\mathbb{C}\}$? Well, then we should have a set of linearly independent eigenvectors $\{x_1,x_2,...,x_k\}$, that $\{c_1x_1+c_2x_2+...+c_kx_k|c_i\in\mathbb{C}\}$ are the only vectors satisfying $Ax=\lambda x$.  Now, I have a reasonable hypothesis that there exists some $x=c_1x_1+c_2x_2+...+c_kx_k$, that can be proven to be a common eigenvector of $\mathscr{F}$. I've tried some approaches to prove it but all failed.  Do you guys believe it's true? And if it is true then how do I prove it? Regex (C#): Replace \n with \r\n How can I replace lone instances of \n with \r\n (LF alone with CRLF) using a regular expression in C#?  Sorry if it's a stupid question, I'm new to Regex.  I know to do it using plan String.Replace, like:  myStr.Replace("\n", "\r\n"); myStr.Replace("\r\r\n", "\r\n");   However, this is inelegant, and would destroy any "\r+\r\n" already in the text (although they are not likely to exist). Regression with only categorical variables Is it possible to conduct a regression if all dependent and independent variables are categorical variables? What is the quickest way to send some text from desktop\laptop to iPhone? I usually send emails to myself, but I wonder if there is a better way to share something quickly from my PC\laptop to iPhone. I would like to revise the default new user registration form in Drupal 7. Rather than to requst "username", I want to request "full name" with helper instructions to enter the text "username is your full name as you would normally use it."  There may be some other minor formatting changes I would like to make as well.  I cannot find an admin menu item to access anything relating to this question. And I am unable to locate a file within any director that has any text that would indicate it is the source for the new user registration form.  I realize this is a bit unconventional, however it is useful for our needs. I am aware of a module that allows the input of First Name / Last Name, but in processing it changes the input to first initial/lastname, ie Tom Thumb = username of "tthumb". The module "Realname Registration" would be just what I am looking for if it would only translate the username the same as the input.   That wouldn't necessarily solve the other formatting edits, but I would be very happy just to be able to manually edit the registration form help text under the username field, instructing the new user to register using thier real name.  Thanks for any help that you can provide.  J.M. Can I remove inline event handlers using jQuery? I'm aware that this one is far from yes or no question, but I'd like to know which techniques do you prefer in categorical data analysis - i.e. cross tabulation with two categorical variables.  I've come up with:    &chi;2 test - well, this is quite self-explanatory  Fisher's exact test - when n &lt; 40, Yates' continuity correction - when n > 40,  Cramer's V - measure of association for tables which have more than 2 x 2 cells, &Phi; coefficient - measure of association for 2 x 2 tables, contingency coefficient (C) - measure of association for n x n tables, odds ratio - independence of two categorical variables, McNemar marginal homogeniety test,   And my question here is: Which statistical techniques for cross-tabulated data (two categorical variables) do you consider relevant (and why)? I'm using Windows 7 as the host machine with VMWare Workstation 9. I created a virtual machine Ubuntu Desktop 12.04 LTS 64 bit version. There are two options for log in, Ubuntu and Ubuntu 2D. Whenever I log in to Ubuntu, the task bar will not show up, is like having a black margin all around the desktop background and only the center is visible.  I wish I could attached a pic, but I need at least 10 reputation.  When I move my mouse over the left side of the desktop I can see that something is there but it is shown only as a black square. I tried deleting the virtual machine I created for Ubuntu and re-installed it, but it keeps appearing like that.  When I switched to log in with the Ubuntu 2D version everything worked alright. I could see the task bar, the icons, the clock etc. What might be causing this problem? Let $R$ be a ring (unital, not necessarily commutative), $M$ a finitely presented left $R$ module. Suppose $m_1,\ldots,m_n\in M$ generate $M$. This determines a surjection $f:R^n\to M$.     Must the kernel of $f$ be finitely generated?   This is true by definition if the generating set $m_1,\ldots,m_n$ is the one coming from the finite presentation of $M$. I dont understand the following very simple statement:  If $\tau \in S_n$ has order $m$, then $\sigma \tau\sigma^{-1}$ has also order $m$.  The proof is:  Suppose $\tau$ has order $m$.   $(\sigma \tau \sigma^{-1})^{m} = \sigma \tau^{m}\sigma^{-1}= (1)$  Then (using  exercise 17) they say that the order of $\sigma\tau\sigma^{-1}$ cannot be less than $n$ (remember we are in $S_n$), since $(\sigma\tau\sigma^{-1})^k=1 $ implies $\sigma\tau^k\sigma^{-1} =(1)$, and then $\tau^k=\sigma^{-1} \sigma = (1)$  I don't understand the last part.... Who can help me? Confused AUC ROC score I am working on binary classification problem, I try to evaluate the performance of some classification algorithms (LR,Decission Tree , Random forest ...). I am using  a cross validation technique (to avoid over-fitting) with AUC ROC as scoring function to compare the performance of the algorithms, but I am getting a weird results with Random forest and AdbBoost, I have a perfect AUC_ROC score (i.e. =1) despite the fact that the recall(TPR) and FPR of this algorithms are different from 1 and 0 respectively .  def FPR(y_true, y_pred):     tn, fp, fn, tp = confusion_matrix(y_true, y_pred).ravel()     result = fp / (fp+tn)     return result def FNR(y_true, y_pred):     tn, fp, fn, tp = confusion_matrix(y_true, y_pred).ravel()     result = fn / (tp+fn)     return result FPR_scorer = make_scorer(FPR) FNR_scorer = make_scorer(FNR)     def get_CrossValResults2(model,cv_rst,bestIndx):     best=pd.DataFrame.from_dict(cv_rst).iloc[bestIndx]     roc=&quot;{:.12f}&quot;.format(best['mean_test_roc_auc'])     acc =&quot;{:.0%}&quot;.format(best['mean_test_accuracy'])     prec =&quot;{:.0%}&quot;.format(best['mean_test_precision'])     rec =&quot;{:.0%}&quot;.format( best['mean_test_recall'])     f1 =&quot;{:.0%}&quot;.format(best['mean_test_f1'])     r2=&quot;{:.2f}&quot;.format(best['mean_test_r2'])     g_mean=&quot;{:.2f}&quot;.format(best['mean_test_gmean'])     pr_auc=&quot;{:.8f}&quot;.format(best['mean_test_pr'])     fnr=&quot;{:.0%}&quot;.format(best['mean_test_fnr'])     fpr=&quot;{:.0%}&quot;.format(best['mean_test_fpr'])     rst = pd.DataFrame([[ model, acc,prec,rec,fpr,fnr,f1,roc,pr_auc,g_mean,r2]],columns = ['Model', 'Accuracy', 'Precision', 'Recall','FPR','FNR', 'F1-Score','ROC_auc','PR_auc','gmean','r2'])     return rst        cross_val_rst = pd.DataFrame(columns = ['Model', 'Accuracy', 'Precision', 'Recall','FPR','FNR', 'F1-Score','ROC_auc','PR_auc','gmean','r2'])              scoring = {'accuracy':'accuracy','recall':'recall','precision':'precision','fpr':FPR_scorer,'fnr':FNR_scorer,'f1':'f1' ,'roc_auc':'roc_auc','pr':'average_precision','gmean':Gmean_scorer,'r2':'r2'}     param_grid = {'n_estimators': [200],               'max_depth': [80,90],               'min_samples_leaf': [2,3, 4],             'min_samples_split': [2,5,12],             'criterion': [ 'gini'],              'class_weight' : [class_weights], 'n_jobs' : [-1]}  clf = GridSearchCV(RandomForestClassifier(class_weight=class_weights), param_grid, cv=kfold,scoring=scoring,refit=refit)#Fit the model bestmodel = clf.fit(X,Y)       cross_val_rst = cross_val_rst.append(get_CrossValResults2(model='Random Forrest',bestIndx=bestmodel.best_index_,cv_rst=bestmodel.cv_results_),ignore_index=True) Windows 7 booting fail with error code 0xc0000225 I have an HP laptop Pavilion DV4. Last night, I installed Ubuntu and there was an problem about partitioning the hard disk, and I think I deleted the Windows boot record.  I didn't burn a recovery disc but there is built-in recovery partition on the hard disk.  All I want to do is to perform a Factory Restore but I need recovery disc. I could burn that disc from the recovery partition using HP recovery manager, but can't burn now. I can't also boot HP recovery manager using F11 key, because it has the same boot error.  I want to boot Windows 7 and want to burn recovery disc. How can I boot into my old windows 7. If I can boot it, I can burn Recovery Disc and I will make Factory Restore if it's needed.  I didn't make any changes to windows 7 partition but I did a problem about Boot Record.  There is a system partition on hard disk with the size of about 200 MB.There is BOOT folder too.  Installation of Ubuntu also failed, so I'm booting from Live Ubuntu USB. Alternate position of x tick labels How do I execute the following shell command using the Python  module?  echo "input data" | awk -f script.awk | sort &gt; outfile.txt   The input data will come from a string, so I don't actually need echo.  I've got this far, can anyone explain how I get it to pipe through sort too?  p_awk = subprocess.Popen(["awk","-f","script.awk"],                           stdin=subprocess.PIPE,                           stdout=file("outfile.txt", "w")) p_awk.communicate( "input data" )   UPDATE:  Note that while the accepted answer below doesn't actually answer the question as asked, I believe S.Lott is right and it's better to avoid having to solve that problem in the first place! I have a layer of georeferenced points, and a layer of vectorized borders. Is there a way I can use QGIS to calculate how many points fall within each area of the borders layer?