Getting a raster extent excluding nodata area
Finding minimum bounding extent of given pixel value within raster?
Aggregate Rating not displayed in Google search results Raise bounty on question Java Object Reuse Should Java Objects be reused as often as it can be reused ? Or should we reuse it only when they are "heavyweight", ie have OS resources associated with it ?  All old articles on the internet talk about object reuse and object pooling as much as possible, but I have read recent articles that say new Object() is highly optimized now ( 10 instructions ) and Object reuse is not as big a deal as it used to be.  What is the current best practice and how are you people doing it ? Getting new files to inherit group permissions on Linux I am having a problem with permissions on a Linux server. I am used to BSD. When a directory is owned by a group the user who owns it isn't in such as www-data, files created in it will be owned by that group. This is important because I want files to be readable by the webserver (which I will not run as root) but so a user can still put new files in the directory. I can't put the users in www-data because then they can read every other users websites.   I want the webserver to read all websites, I want users to be able to change their own.  The permissions are set like this on the folders at the moment....  drwxr-x--- 3 john www-data 4096 Feb 17 21:27 john   It is standard behavior on BSD for permissions to work this way. How do I get Linux to do this? How to append to a file with fstream fstream::app flag seems not to work Learning Python programming with generic GIS goals in mind? Nexus 7 is stuck in reboot loop after full discharge I have a few day old Nexus 7 tablet, unrooted, bootloader still locked, and otherwise in factory condition. This morning, it ran its charge out. When I plugged in it, this happens:   Google Logo appears. Nexus Logo appears. Lock screen which shows charging: 0%. White screen, device powers off. Repeat.   What is happening? Thanks! Is "flu" the only disease usually accompanied with "the"? From what I understand, you don't usually use "the" with diseases / illnesses / disorders ("have Alzheimer's / diarrhea / claustrophobia / dyslexia, etc." not "have the..."), but it's perfectly normal to say "have the flu". Is the flu the only exception?   Edit (this is only a side part, and can be glossed over if you will, so it's not a duplicate imo): What's so significant about the flu that other conditions don't have, so that it's entitled to "the"? I have a char in c#:  char foo = '2';   Now I want to get the 2 into an int.  I find that Convert.ToInt32 returns the actual decimal value of the char and not the number 2.  The following will work:  int bar = Convert.ToInt32(new string(foo, 1));   int.parse only works on strings as well.    Is there no native function in C# to go from a char to int without making it a string?  I know this is trivial but it just seems odd that there's nothing native to directly make the conversion. In my recent study of Artinian modules I have been looking at Prüfer $p$-groups (which I will denote by $\mathbb Z_{p^\infty}$ from now on).   I am attempting to prove that $\mathbb Z_{p^\infty}$ is an Artinian $\mathbb{Z}$-module which is not finitely generated.      To do this I am trying to show that every proper non-trivial submodule of $\mathbb Z_{p^\infty}$ is equal to $\left(\frac{1}{p^n}\mathbb{Z_{}}\right)/\mathbb{Z}$ for some $n$.   I am using the following definition of $\mathbb Z_{p^\infty}$: $$\mathbb Z_{p^\infty}=\left\{x\in \mathbb{Q}/\mathbb{Z}\mid \exists n:p^nx=0 \right\}$$ I have read in several places, Atiyah &amp; MacDonald Example 6.3 and Wikipedia to name a few, that the subgroups of $\mathbb Z_{p^\infty}$ are of this form. This would demonstrate that $\mathbb Z_{p^\infty}$ is Artinian. However, I can't seem to find anywhere a proof or example showing why all the subgroups are of this form. I would like to understand this further, as it is not immediate to me that this would be the case, but my attempts to figure out why have so far been futile. I may be thinking too much and missing a simple explanation. I have looked at starting with an arbitrary subgroup $H$ such that $H\neq 0$ and $H\neq\mathbb Z_{p^\infty}$ and seeing if I can deduce anything from that. I got this far, but it doesn't seem to be going anywhere. I have also looked at Sylow's theorems, but I'm not sure if they will be any use to me as $|\mathbb Z_{p^\infty}|=\infty$ (unless I'm wrong about this!).  I would be extremely grateful if anybody could offer a few hints here as I am slowly losing my sanity trying to figure it out!  Thanks,  Andy. Some Windows 10 UWP icons not displaying on search, or in settings Did I derive a new form of the gamma function? How to tell a lambda function to capture a copy instead of a reference in C#? I've been learning C#, and I'm trying to understand lambdas.  In this sample below, it prints out 10 ten times.  class Program {     delegate void Action();     static void Main(string[] args)     {         List&lt;Action&gt; actions = new List&lt;Action&gt;();          for (int i = 0; i &lt; 10; ++i )             actions.Add(()=&gt;Console.WriteLine(i));          foreach (Action a in actions)             a();     } }   Obviously, the generated class behind the lambda is storing a reference or pointer to the int i variable, and is assigning a new value to the same reference every time the loop iterates.  Is there a way to force the lamda to grab a copy instead, like the C++0x syntax  [&amp;](){ ... } // Capture by reference   vs.  [=](){ ... } // Capture copies International TLD's vs. duplicate content I currently work at a pretty big website that has visitors from around the globe. My job is to help out on the SEO, and one thing we've been discussing lately is the use of international TLD's. The ones we use range between:   (partly) translated websites like .es and .de that serve most of the content in the country's language non-translated (english) websites for non-english languages (due to a lack of translations) like .ro and .cz english websites for english speaking countries with localized TLD's (.co.nz, .co.uk)   On one hand I really have the feeling this is causing a lot of duplicate content, especially for the last two categories of TLD's.   On the other hand though it seems a lot like country-specific TLD's tend to score a lot better in that country's Google. Would it be advisable to keep on using these domains, or should we canonicalize them all to the .com version? Suddenly mysql/mariadb won't start Laplace transform of integral constant I look today on a few fresh question, and the view count was 0. Even after I refreshed the page a few time. This is definitely a bug, since the question isn't mine.  Also I don't think the all page was cached, since that the DateTime mark was change every reload.  But maybe the SQL result is cached. $IS \mid JS$ implies that $I\mid J$ where $I$ and $J$ are ideals of a number ring contained in another number ring $S$ I am making a Minecraft Mini Game adventure map, and one of the levels has a /setblock command, I am using the command in a way to spawn an item in a chest (Wooden Button) I need the wooden button to have CanPlaceOn tag so it can be placed on a log. I have tried this command: setblock 294 5 -1251 minecraft:chest 0 replace {Items:[{Count:1,Slot:0,id:minecraft:wooden_button,CanPlaceOn:[log]}]}` Style every four posts differently Possible Duplicate:          Is it possible to style every four posts differently? I mean something like this:  &lt;div class="row"&gt; &lt;div&gt;1st post&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div&gt;2nd post&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div&gt;3rd post&lt;/div&gt; &lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="row&gt; &lt;div&gt;4th post&lt;/div&gt; &lt;/div&gt; ...Repeat   I'm using , so it would be great if I could experiment more with that.. :)