Undo file removed by rm commend on MAC terminal
Recovering accidentally deleted files
Many browsers and Internet companies have recently claimed that SSL Certificates with a signature algorithm of SHA1 will imminently no longer be considered secure.  Most notably, .  Yet I've read that since the SSL/TLS negotiation and Cipher Suite don't make use of plain SHA1 (or even MD5), and instead use SHA1 within an ; that using a Cipher Suite with SHA1 is still an acceptable security practice.  Is this the case?    While we're on it, is it also the case of using MD5 in a cipher suite? The problem:  Assume $f: \mathbb{R} \rightarrow \mathbb{R}$ satisfies $|f(t) - f(x)| \leq |t - x|^2$ for all $t, x$. Prove $f$ is constant.  I believe I have some intuition about why this is the case; i.e. if $t$ and $x$ are very close, ($|t - x| = \epsilon$), then $\sqrt{\epsilon}$ will converge to 0, so $|f(t) - f(x)|$ will also converge to zero if you keep taking $t$ and $x$ closer and closer to each other. However, how do I formalize this argument? Thanks. The choice of measurement basis on one half of an entangled state affects the other half. Can this be used to communicate faster than light? It is often stated, particularly in popular physics articles and videos, that if one measures a particle A that is entangled with some other particle B, then this measurement will immediately affect the state of the entangled partner.  For example, if Alice and Bob share an entangled pair of electrons and Alice measures her spin in the $x$ direction, then Bob's spin will also end up spinning in that direction, and similarly if she measures in the $z$ direction. Moreover, the effect will be instantaneous, regardless of the spatial distance between the two particles, which seems at odds with special relativity.  Can I use a scheme like this to communicate faster than light? some more examples:   "And she gave me that aren't-I-just-gorgeous smile." "The I-did-it-my-way approach." "A from-this-day-forward-I-have-no-son scene." Center of mass in n dimension, possible? Is it possible to calculate the center of mass for some 20-dimension ($x_i, i=1,\ldots,20$) particles? If it is possible, how can I do that? Please require more reviewers on First Posts On the one hand, I see very few posts in the review queue when I visit.  On the other hand, I see a lot of pretty awful first posts sitting on the front page.  This leads me to suspect that robo-reviewers are blowing through the queue.  Given how empty the queue is, could you please increase the number of people who have to check in before a post leaves the queue?  Of course, some honey-pot solution to detect and disable the auto-clickers would be even better. Is binary logistic regression a special case of multinomial logistic regression when the outcome has 2 levels? Hint on how to prove the identity $\sum_{0 \leq k \leq n } \binom{k}{m} = \binom{n + 1}{m + 1}$ How to efficiently find positions of duplicates? I have been reading about depth-of-field and presume to have a sufficient understanding of what it means and how it is related to lens properties, lens aperture, focal length, sensor format size and probably even print dimensions in case the picture is being printed. I do have a question about how/if depth-of-field depends on the dimension of a pixel. Let me elaborate:  Given two sensors with differing pixel sizes: x and 4x, the latter sensor integrates more light per-pixel than the former, however, it might have a lower resolution if the sensor dimensions remain fixed. Theory suggests that the depth of field is determined by those circles-of-confusion which are very close to being an in-focus point, and this perhaps also means that these very small CoCs fall within the integration area of the same pixel. Now when a CoC becomes larger than a pixel (like also in the case of diffraction blur), there is some spreading of intensities among neighboring pixels and this would clearly lead to blur. However, if one was using the 4X sized pixel, even with a slightly larger CoC, the intensity would still integrate into the same pixel area, and would thus perhaps be in-focus? Is this the right assumption? And if so, is there any analysis of pixel-area dependence of depth-of-field? Moreover, depth-of-field is in some sense independent of the integration medium as it clearly occurs in analog film devices as well, so is there a trade-off or a difference in depth-of-field between film and digital cameras?  Please point me to the correct references for this question. Please correct me if there seems to be a fundamental issue with the assumptions made above. Find all rings $R$ satisfying $\mathbb Z \subset R \subset \mathbb Z[\frac {1}{2}]$ Outlook from time to time makes an operation 'Send and Receive.' This can sometimes be quite slow and Outlook hangs while this is done.    Is is possible to set different intervals for different mail accounts (if user has multiple accounts configured within Outlook, e.g., main Exchange account and one or more IMAP accounts) If yes (or even if only for some [e.g., IMAP accounts], where in the settings it can be configured?  (e.g., Outlook 2007) If $A$ is a ring and $S=\{1,f,f^2,f^3,...\}$ a multiplicative set of $A$, prove that $\mathrm{Spec}(A_f)=\mathfrak{V}((f))^c$.   Notation: $A_f=S^{-1}A$ and $\mathfrak{V}((f))=\{P \in \mathrm{Spec}(A): P \supset (f)\}$  My attempt:   On one hand, if $P \in \mathrm{Spec}(A)$ and $P \cap S$ is empty then we identify $\mathrm{Spec}(A_f)=\mathrm{Spec}(S^{-1}A)=\{P \in \mathrm{Spec}(A): P\cap S= \emptyset\}$.  On the other hand, $\mathfrak{V}((f))^c=\{P \in \mathrm{Spec}(A): P \nsupseteq (f)\}$.   So the exercise is equivalent to prove: $$\{P \in \mathrm{Spec}(A): P\cap S =\emptyset\}=\{P \in \mathrm{Spec}(A): P \nsupseteq (f)\},$$ but I can't continue so I'd appreciate if somebody could help me.   Thanks in advance. The only 1-manifolds are $\mathbb R$ and $S^1$ I recall having heard somewhere that the only 1-manifolds (second countable, Hausdorff, connected spaces locally homeomorphic to $\mathbb R$) are $\mathbb R$ and $S^1$. Is this true? If so, is there a reasonably elementary proof? when I look at my Nexus 5 with android 5.1. battery screen, I can see something like this:    Screenshots (click images for larger variants)  Sum of all per-app percentages in list is 10. However as you can see, there is 60% battery consumed (40% remaining). So, what is the deal here? Who consumed 50% battery? Or what do the percentages next to apps mean?  As you can see, screen was on just for few short times, the same for awake, and yet battery life about 18 hours? I dont get it.  Also, I found this issue reported on AOSP, but noone from google seems to care: Excessive fields in biblatex could not be removed if using \fullcite Combination of biblatex-chicago and Zotero produces many excessive fileds in the bibliography. This problem could be solved by adding to the preambule caveats like this:  \AtEveryBibitem{% \ifentrytype{online} {} {\clearfield{urlyear}\clearfield{urlmonth}\clearfield{urlday}}}   (Described in detail in the answer to my previous question: .)    This solution worked well for me, but now I have to produce a syllabus using \fullcite command. Unfortunately, this solution does not solve the problem for full bibliographic entries outside of the bibliography itself.  Here is the code with bibliography inside (to get the author's first and last name in the right order I use the following solution: ):    \begin{filecontents*}{database.bib}     @book{dalton_apartisan_2012,         title = {The Apartisan American: Dealignment and Changing Electoral Politics},         isbn = {9781452216942},         url = {http://books.google.com/books?id=eYkczUyX5wMC},         shorttitle = {The Apartisan American},         pagetotal = {241},         publisher = {{CQ} Press},         author = {Dalton, Russell J.},         urldate = {2014-04-03},         date = {2012-02-22},         langid = {english},         keywords = {Political Science / Political Process / Elections, Political Science / Public Policy / General}     } \end{filecontents*} \documentclass[11pt]{article} \usepackage[hmargin=3cm,vmargin=3cm]{geometry} \usepackage[onehalfspacing]{setspace} \usepackage{amssymb,amsmath,amsthm} \usepackage{booktabs,graphicx} \usepackage{paralist} \usepackage{cancel,soul} \usepackage{enumitem} \usepackage[authordate,backend=biber,bibencoding=utf8,bookpages=false,doi=only,isbn=false,footmarkoff]{biblatex-chicago} \usepackage[colorlinks, pdfstartview={XYZ null null 1.25},bookmarksopen=true,bookmarksopenlevel=\maxdimen,citecolor={blue},urlcolor={blue}]{hyperref} \addbibresource{database.bib} \DeclareCiteCommand{\fullcite} {\usebibmacro{prenote}} {\usedriver     {}     {\thefield{entrytype}}} {\multicitedelim} {\usebibmacro{postnote}} \AtEveryBibitem{%     \ifthenelse{\ifentrytype{article}\OR\ifentrytype{book}\OR\ifentrytype{collection}\OR\ifentrytype{incollection}\OR\ifentrytype{mvbook}\OR\ifentrytype{mvcollection}\OR\ifentrytype{mvincollection}}     {\clearfield{month}\clearfield{url}\clearfield{doi}\clearfield{urlyear}\clearfield{urlmonth}\clearfield{urlday}}}   \begin{document} \begin{center} {\huge Partisanship in Old, New and Non-Democracies}\\ \end{center}  \vspace{30pt} \noindent\textbf{Instructor: }  \hfill \textbf{Time and Location:} TBA\\ \textbf{Contact:}  \hfill \hfil \textbf{Office Hours:} TBA\\  \vspace{-20pt}    \subsection*{Partisanship in the United States}   \begin{enumerate}     \item \parencite{dalton_apartisan_2012}     \item \fullcite{dalton_apartisan_2012} \end{enumerate}  \printbibliography[heading=bibintoc]  \end{document}    Here is the output. Note the excessive fileds in the in-text full citation (they are absent in the References):    Any help, especially simple acessible solutions would be greatlly apreciated. Help finding the limit of $\lim_{n \to \infty}\prod_{k=1}^{n}\left(1+\frac{1}{n}f\left(\frac{k}{n}\right)\right)$. Note: This is an attempt to create a canonical question that covers all instances of &quot;low-graphics mode&quot; error that occurs to a user, including but not limited to installation of wrong drivers, incorrect or invalid lightdm greeters, low disk space, incorrect installation of graphics card like ATI and Nvidia, incorrect configuration of xorg.conf file while setting up multiple monitors among others. If you are experiencing the &quot;low-graphics mode&quot; error when trying to login but none of the following answers work for you, please do ask a new question and then update the answers of this canonical question as and when your new question gets answered.   When I try to boot into my computer, I am getting this error:  The system is running in low-graphics mode Your screen, graphics cards, and input device settings could not be detected correctly. You will need to configure these yourself.   How do I fix the failsafe X mode and login into my computer?  Answer index: Is there a difference between single and double quotes in Java? I have read that watchdog timer pushes microprocessor/controller into reset state whenever it experiences any software anomaly like executing in infinite loop. and after some time a very senior prof told us that after reset the processor resumes operation from the next instruction to the erroneous one.  when watchdog timer resets the processor, from where does the processor start its next execution?  I just wanted to know what is correct or if some other concept is employed?