Random from Python Dict with lowest values as priority
A weighted version of random.choice
Just watched the 'How Big is the Universe?' TV program and it indicated that the universe is believed to be infinite in size. They used an approach involving measuring the internal angles of triangles. Or something like that anyway.  But hang on, the Universe has a known starting time and size followed by a finite time expanding at a finite speed. So surely, by definition, it cannot be infinite? I can accept it is honking big but by definition it cannot be infinite. Are they misleading me? Is a current transformer appropriate for a voltage step up flyback converter? I am designing a flyback converter, input 170V output 1200V at 2mA.  I am having trouble finding an appropriate transformer, most do not have a high enough N. Current transformers seem to have ranges in 1:500, so I could work with that.  Is it proper to use a current transformer as a conventional step up voltage transformer? Prove $\operatorname{rank}A^TA=\operatorname{rank}A$ for any $A\in M_{m \times n}$ How can I prove $\operatorname{rank}A^TA=\operatorname{rank}A$ for any $A\in M_{m \times n}$?   This is an exercise in my textbook associated with orthogonal projections and Gram-Schmidt process, but I am unsure how they are relevant. What should I do if two libraries provide a function with the same name generating a conflict? What should I do if I have two libraries that provide functions with equivalent names? How exactly do DLL files work? There seems to be an awful lot of them, but I don't know what they are or how they work.  So, what's the deal with them? $\sin \frac{1}{x}$ is not uniformly continuous on $[1, \infty]$ Given a message and DES encrypted form of said message, is it possible to efficiently compute the key used to encrypt the data? Use Unity API from another Thread or call a function in the main Thread Forms: Modal dialog or separate page in single page app? In my application, I have pages that show lists of some objects, for example "People" or "Contracts".  From these pages, the user may create a new object.  Often these objects only have a handful of properties, maybe 4 or 5.  My question is about the best approach for the forms used for creation of new objects.  Sometimes I have used a separate page, especially when the number of properties is greater than 5-6.  Sometimes I have used a modal dialog.  I have even seen some applications that insert an empty row into a table and you fill-in the values.  (I will not be doing that!)  Any UX-preferences or suggestions for what approach to take?  Also- is it important to be consistent between different types of objects?  Or is a mix of approaches OK?  The technology of my application (Ember.js, single-page app) allows me to navigate to a different page instantly, so any timing difference between approaches is not a factor.  In fact, the animation of the Bootstrap dialog takes longer than the page transition.  The application is a back-office administrative system for insurance companies. Using the same secret key for encryption and authentication in a Encrypt-then-MAC scheme Is it a weakness to use a single shared secret for protecting messages using a Encrypt-then-MAC scheme?    Assuming a system is using AES-256-CBC and a SHA1-HMAC and the same secret key for both operations.  Upon intercepting one of these messages and attacker could brute force this secret key by trying to solve the HMAC or by successfully decrypting the first block of the ciphertext.  Performing  a decryption on a single block of AES-256 should be a lighter operation than performing a SHA1-HMAC on a potentially large message.  Therefore AES-256 is ideal for a massively parallel brute-force attack and the use of the SHA1-HMAC doesn't hurt the system.  Is this approach sound, or is there an attack that has not been taken into consideration? Different PDF output with same source files (NeurIPS 2021 package) Domains in cell membrane Removing all 'stable' theme's CSS from a Drupal 8 custom theme I would like to remove all CSSs automatically included from stable theme:  /core/themes/stable/css/system/components/*   I can remove them one by one inside the .info.yml file:  stylesheets-remove:   - 'core/themes/stable/css/system/components/ajax-progress.module.css'   - 'core/themes/stable/css/system/components/autocomplete-loading.module.css'   - ...   Is there a way to remove all of them at once?   Something like:  stylesheets-remove:   - 'core/themes/stable/css/system/components/*' I'm working with  that has X Y coordinates. They are akin to '3672187.92698000, 534175.72095400'.  I would like to convert them to longitude latitude so they are more like '-90.097017, 29.963176'.  I've seen this  however I don't have that software. I was able to download and install  but I am unfortunately perplexed by its complicated interface. Would like to do the conversion with it, if possible. What's in an Eclipse .classpath/.project file? En Dashes & Hyphens in Same Phrase Without recasting and in lieu of unsightly suspensive hyphenation, could these work? The en dash (which means "to") is used between the figures, and the hyphens are used in the compound modifier. To me, the examples below are concise and clear.  Do you agree that the examples below are 100% punctuated correctly--yes or no?  45–50-year-old men  10–20-mile radius  $45–$55-million-per-year industry  $100,000–$150,000-a-year savings  10–15-degree temperature difference  $2–$5-per-day service fees  45–75-cent-a-week raises  55–65-mph speed zone  15–20-ounce steaks  20%–40%-a-year tax increases Limit $\lim\limits_{x\to0}{\frac{\ln{(e+x)}-e^x}{\cos^2{x} -e^x}}$ Induction proof: n lines in a plane Assume that there are $n$ infinitely long straight lines lying on a plane in such a way that no two lines are parallel, and no three lines intersect at a single point. Prove that these lines divide the plane into $\frac{n^2+n+2}{2}$ regions. (Hint: Any two non-parallel straight lines on a plane must intersect at exactly one point.)  Can someone tell me where to start here? I know to prove the base where $n=0$, but don't know how to proceed.  Any help is greatly appreciated! I have this statement and I need to say if it is true or false:  Let $\{a_n\}$ be a real sequence.  $$\lim_{n\to +\infty} a_n = 0 \quad \implies \quad \sum_{n=1}^{\infty}(-1)^na_n \quad \text{converges}$$  I know, from the Leibniz criterion that:     If $a_n \to 0$, $a_n$ is decreasing and positive then $\sum_{n=1}^{\infty}(-1)^na_n$ converges   From this fact I believe that the statement is false but I couldn't come up with an infinitesimal sequence that isn't decreasing and for that reason is divergent. I tried some function with $sin(\frac{1}{n})$ without any luck. Any help would be very appreciated, thank you! Ubuntu 18.04 - Dell XPS13 9370 no longer suspends on lid close