aligning an equation to the left
How to not have an equation in the first line using the align environment?
I was really happy when I heard that HoTD would be continued. And even happier when the first new chapter actually came. but now after several months of waiting there still has been no other chapter. So my question is, has HoTD gone on hiatus again ? Easy way to write contents of a Java InputStream to an OutputStream I was surprised to find today that I couldn't track down any simple way to write the contents of an InputStream to an OutputStream in Java. Obviously, the byte buffer code isn't difficult to write, but I suspect I'm just missing something which would make my life easier (and the code clearer).  So, given an InputStream in and an OutputStream out, is there a simpler way to write the following?  byte[] buffer = new byte[1024]; int len = in.read(buffer); while (len != -1) {     out.write(buffer, 0, len);     len = in.read(buffer); } Consider the following file:  \documentclass{beamer}  \setbeamercolor{title}{bg=red} \setbeamercolor{author}{bg=yellow} \setbeamercolor{date}{bg=} \setbeamercolor{institute}{fg=red,bg=green}  \title{TitelTitelTitel} \author{meiermueller} \institute{Institute} \date{lalala}  \begin{document}  \usebackgroundtemplate{\color{blue}\rule{20cm}{15cm}}    \begin{frame}    \titlepage  \end{frame} \end{document}   On one of my computers (using MiKTeX 2.9 and beamer 2015/01/05 3.36), the result is the following:    Note how, in particular, the date box has a transparent background  On my other computer, I installed a new MiKTeX version (2.9.6800), including beamer 2018/09/02 v3.52, and get this:    Here, the date field has a white background, and I cannot seem to get it to be transparent.   Apparently, the difference has some relation to the beamer version, or maybe some other change in the new MiKTeX version.  But what ist the reason, and how do I get transparent backgrounds? What differentiates the scientific method from other methods From the controversy in , I would like to know what differentiates "the scientific method" from other method.  I'm asking for differentiation, rather than a definition, because definitions call for an all encompassing answer, which is often hard to find.  If someone asks "what is an alternative to the scientific method," I would like to be able to start by being able to reliably say whether a particular method is the scientific method or not.  Of course, being a linguistic issue, the definitions of words themselves are flexible.  For instance, it is not uncommon to hear one in science talk of "truth" in a sense which is incompatable with the mathematical meaning of "truth."  Accordingly, I would like to stick to the following ideals in wording whenever possible:   Prefer mathematically accurate terminology.  Ideally the word "proof" should be used in the form found in proof theory, and "true" and "false" should be used in the form of Boolean algebra.   No method should claim a hypothesis which predicts the state of the future is "true" unless they claim soothsaying abilities (most scientific theories include a random variable to avoid needing to claim soothsaying abilities... this is legitimate)  Words which imply direction should be clarified carefully.  "Good" and "bad" are notoriously difficult, but phrases such as "advancing society" can also be very tricky as well. The physical world and the world of information theory should be treated differently.  In particular, the concept of "testing a hypothesis" will likely need to be broken down into testing and observing the physical world, taking measurements (which should have errors associated with them), and only then is the hypothesis compared against the results of the measurements. Mathematically extending arguments into infinity (such as claiming some specific cellular level learning process qualifies as the scientific method) are valid, but may rapidly make it harder to distinguish non-scientific methods from scientific ones.  Such claims should be made carefully, but they are not inherently invalid.   If these ideals are too strict, you may bend them, but you should qualify such choices with an explanation of why my recommended wording choices are too strict.  Their goal is to put different methodologies on the levelest playing fields that I can manage in this medium.  Being stack exchange, bonus points for references to existing theories, though you may need to paraphrase their results to fit with the ideals I'm recommending for these answers.  Answers may be tested two ways:   Positive: If we think something is the scientific method, does it meet the requirements set forth? Negative: If we think something is not the scientific method, does the answer explain why it is not? Possible Duplicate:                If in a multiple linear regression (enter method) the general model isn't significant (F>.05) but one of the predictors is significant (β&lt;.05), should I consider it as a significant result? In WPF, what are the differences between the x:Name and Name attributes? Do creatures that enter the battlefield at the same time see each other enter? Find the limit of $\lim\limits_{(x,y)\to (0,0)} \frac{x^2y^2}{x^2y^2+(x-y)^2}$ I'm about to fly from Istanbul to Seoul and I have a useful amount of Turkish Lira (TRY) left but I don't have any South Korean Won (KRW) to pay for the metro to my hostel when I get there.  Several times in the past I've ended up being stuck with currencies that are very difficult to exchange in the country I've arrived in.  Can I buy KRW at the airport in Istanbul?  (I've also asked , since Stack Exchange questions are meant more for the long tail than just for the original asker.) Get in vs. get on Possible Duplicate:          I'm an EFL (English as a foreign language) teacher and I haven't been able to come up with a good principle for which preposition to use after get when referring to transportation.  Some examples:   Get in:   a car/taxi/van/truck, etc.  Get on:   a bus/plane/bike/truck, etc.    How can one choose whether to use in or on? Note that in some cases, such as the example with truck, either preposition is possible but the choice affects the meaning.  I've been telling my students that there is no rule, so they just have to memorize which preposition to use, but I'm really hoping I'm wrong.  This question would be better suited for the upcoming  Stack Exchange, but it hasn't entered beta yet. More . Plotting two variables as lines using ggplot2 on the same graph A gateway to a new world/future where things can be improved with use This book is about an explorer (with robot companion) who walks through a "gateway" into the future/parallel world. In this world, things that are created do not fall into disrepair, instead things get better.  The main character is kidnapped early on in the story and forced to labor by beating the outside of a castle with a spear. It is explained to him that this makes the wall better and able to resist attacks by these weapons. In his cell, he meets a man wearing an extravagant shirt and asks about it and the man explains to him that the shirt has been in his family for several generations, which is why it looks so nice.   To escape from the jail cell, the man tears one of his zippers from his jump suit and uses it like a saw to cut a hole in the wall. He escapes with the man in the fancy shirt and a woman.   The woman, is something special in this world. (She can focus on the change that is happening to an item and somehow enhance or speed up the process)  The man makes a wheeled cart for them to escape in. While the wheels are at first rough and wobbly, they soon "become better" and spin better. I’m looking for an adjective/ noun that describes a person who loves life, traveling, great food, always doing things which gets adrenaline kicking and is a always ready for attempting things for pleasure only OpenLayers Plugin Error: latitude or longitude exceeded limits I'm aware the 'traceback' OpenLayers plugin error has been dealt with before, so apologies for raising the issue once again. Unfortunately for me, the solutions posted were way over my head, e.g. using workarounds and code posted on github, etc. I find it all mind-boggling.  If anyone could post a step by step answer for an absolute beginner like me I would be eternally grateful! Thank you. I hope that one day I can contribute something.  The error message reads:   An error has occured while executing Python code:  Traceback (most recent call last):   File "C:/Users/MCMA1580/.qgis//python/plugins\openlayers_plugin\openlayers_plugin.py", line 48, in addLayer     self.__plugin.addLayer(self)   File "C:/Users/MCMA1580/.qgis//python/plugins\openlayers_plugin\openlayers_plugin.py", line 190, in addLayer     self.__setMapSrsGoogle()   File "C:/Users/MCMA1580/.qgis//python/plugins\openlayers_plugin\openlayers_plugin.py", line 249, in __setMapSrsGoogle     extMap = coodTrans.transform(extMap, QgsCoordinateTransform.ForwardTransform) QgsCsException: forward transform of (0.884883, 2.549197) PROJ.4: +proj=longlat +datum=WGS84 +no_defs +to +proj=merc +a=6378137 +b=6378137 +lat_ts=0.0 +lon_0=0.0 +x_0=0.0 +y_0=0 +k=1.0 +units=m +nadgrids=@null +wktext  +no_defs Error: latitude or longitude exceeded limits I'd really like your help proving:  $(A\rightarrow B),(A\rightarrow C)\rightarrow B,  \mapsto_{HPC} B $  Where $HPC$ is the Hilbert's system proof which contains the following relevant axioms:   $A\rightarrow(B \rightarrow A)$ $(A\rightarrow(B\rightarrow C)) \to ((A\rightarrow B)\rightarrow(A\rightarrow C))$ $(A\rightarrow B)\rightarrow ((A\rightarrow\bar{B})\rightarrow \bar{A})$ $\bar{\bar{A}} \rightarrow A$   In addition tried to use these following lemmas: $\bar{A} \rightarrow (A \rightarrow C) $ and $(A\rightarrow B)\rightarrow (\bar{B} \rightarrow \bar{A})$.  Any suggestions? Altium: How can I edit a component from a library Consider two different shaped containers having same area: one is cylinder, the other is like an inverted pyramid (roughly). Both have the same level of water, the weight of the inverted pyramidal container will therefore be greater than that of the cylinder. But I know from Pascal's law that the pressure should be same in both containers. If the base areas are the same then the force (weight as measured by a scale) should also be the same. Why are the weights different? What is the black thing on the circuit What is the black thing on the below circuit?   Is it used to hide the IC (or other components) that is used on the circuit?   What material is it? How can I get Google Sheets to treat my form-submitted strings as plain text and preserve leading zeros? I have Google Forms where users enter information, some of which contains leading zeros (e.g. zip codes, ID numbers).   However, when this data is saved to the Google Sheet, it doesn't treat it as plain text and strips the zero. The form fields are text fields with no validation.   I have tried to format the range of cells containing these values as plain text, but it seems Sheets does not set the formatting as plain text unless there is already text in a cell. So I can format a column as plain text, submit the form, and the leading zero will still be stripped.   I tried writing an apps script to deal with this but there's no good way for me to deploy it to the users who would need it.   How can I get around this without having to instruct users to prepend a single quote to their form entry? This is such a small thing, but I can't find a good simple solution to what it seems must be a common problem. If I can't get this to work I may have to drop Google Forms/Sheets altogether. I'm looking for a movie I've seen as a kid, the details are foggy and sparse but I'll try my best following :  What is it?: An animated movie. Tell us what it isn't: It is not . Tell us what made it memorable: A planet where some brain-sucking insect-like aliens live, also an old bald man lives on the same planet. When did you see this film?: Late 80's, early 90's. How old was it?: If I've seen the movie on TV in Spain, is a pretty safe bet that it will be at least 5 years old. Was it part of a series?: I don't think so. Plot: No clue, sorry. What language was it in?: The movie was dubbed to Spanish (Spain).  No detail is too insignificant  What details can I recall?:  Sci-Fi story with one character being an old bald man living on a planet where some insect-ish aliens can open your skull and suck your brain. Habitat of those insect-ish foes was depicted in light blue colors, I kinda remember giant mushrooms as well. A young boy befriends the old baldie, the boy came to the planet with some adults.   Other details I'm not completely sure (maybe my mind is filling the gaps):  I think that the movie was drawn using , not 100% sure though. I cannot remember which year I've seen the movie, but it should be late 80's or early 90's. I'm pretty sure that I've seen the movie in Spanish TV (not rented videotape). Somehow the young boy was the young version of the old baldie (time travel?). The old man lives in a wood house near the brain-sucking insect habitat, as many old man does he spend his time on the porch.    Try to offer unique details As anyone would expect from this kind of movie, there's a scene where the alien insects attack a group of people trying to suck their brains. A young boy was with those adults and survived with injuries in his head. The old bald man have some surgery in his head due to an attack he suffered years before.