Rendering both cycles and internal in one
Can multiple render systems be used?
Too many blanks between summation symbol and its associated expression From :      ‘We all believe, up at the Lodge, Rachael, that he will be freed from suspicion, sooner or later.’    ‘The better I know it to be so believed there, my dear,’ said Rachael, ‘and the kinder I feel it that you come away from there, purposely to comfort me, and keep me company, and be seen wi’ me when I am not yet free from all suspicion myself, the more grieved I am that I should ever have spoken those mistrusting words to the young lady. And yet I— ’   We usually use should have to say that something was not done, despite being desirable. But in this example, the mistrusting words were indeed spoken (earlier in the book). How would one explain the use of the should have construction then?   Would the following be fully equivalent to the above quote:     ‘We all believe, up at the Lodge, Rachael, that he will be freed from suspicion, sooner or later.’    ‘The better I know it to be so believed there, my dear,’ said Rachael, ‘and the kinder I feel it that you come away from there, purposely to comfort me, and keep me company, and be seen wi’ me when I am not yet free from all suspicion myself, the more grieved I am that I have spoken those mistrusting words to the young lady. And yet I— ’ True Ubuntu on Chromebook ARM How to get the result of OnPostExecute() to main activity because AsyncTask is a separate class? Prove $\sum_{i=1}^n2^{i-1}=\sum_{i=0}^{n-1}2^i=2^n-1$ combinatorially.  This is easy to prove inductively.  I know that $\sum_{i=0}^n{n\choose i}=2^n$ so maybe change $\sum_{i=0}^{n-1}2^i$ to $\sum_{i=0}^{n-1}\sum_{j=0}^i{i\choose j}$.  I also know that $2^n-1$ is the number of proper subsets in a set of size $n$. Is it possible to run Android apps on Ubuntu? And I don't mean inside an emulator, but natively, as you would with any other application installed using the Ubuntu Software Center. Prove that for every odd integer n, there is a group... Prove that for every odd integer n, there is a group with exactly n elements of order 2.  I am new to abstract algebra and proofs in general. Proving existence is difficult for me, but I will show what I have.  $$n = 2k + 1$$ $$k \in \mathbb{Z^+}$$  $$\exists G \supset H = (a_1 , a_2 , ..., a_n, e)$$  $$s.t. |a_1| = |a_2| = ... = |a_n| = 2$$  My instinct is to use Lagrange's Theorem, although I would like to try another method to prove this as we have not gone over cosets in class yet. If someone could just give me a hint of how to start, it would be very beneficial. Thank you. Optimal way to ignore duplicate inserts? Background  This problem relates to ignoring duplicate inserts using PostgreSQL 9.2 or greater. The reason I ask is because of this code:    -- Ignores duplicates.   INSERT INTO     db_table (tbl_column_1, tbl_column_2)   VALUES (     SELECT       unnseted_column,       param_association     FROM       unnest( param_array_ids ) AS unnested_column   );   The code is unencumbered by checks for existing values. (In this particular situation, the user does not care about errors from inserting duplicates -- the insertion should "just work".) Adding code in this situation to explicitly test for duplicates imparts complications.  Problem  In PostgreSQL, I have found a few ways to ignore duplicate inserts.  Ignore Duplicates #1  Create a transaction that catches unique constraint violations, taking no action:    BEGIN     INSERT INTO db_table (tbl_column) VALUES (v_tbl_column);   EXCEPTION WHEN unique_violation THEN     -- Ignore duplicate inserts.   END;   Ignore Duplicates #2  Create a rule to ignore duplicates on a given table:  CREATE OR REPLACE RULE db_table_ignore_duplicate_inserts AS     ON INSERT TO db_table    WHERE (EXISTS ( SELECT 1            FROM db_table           WHERE db_table.tbl_column = NEW.tbl_column)) DO INSTEAD NOTHING;   Questions  My questions are mostly academic:   What method is most efficient? What method is most maintainable, and why? What is the standard way to ignore insert duplication errors with PostgreSQL? Is there a technically more efficient way to ignore duplicate inserts; if so, what is it?   Thank you! What are character special and block special files in a unix system? I'm trying to run  sed -i "/$variable/c \$variable1' file.txt   But it's not displaying any change in the file: file.txt.  But the same command, with out the variables works fine:  sed -i "/variable/c \variable1' file.txt Hiding sublayer with toggle button using LayerActions? I have a toggle map (like ) with sublayers. I want all the sublayers to be visible when you open the map, but I would like to hide some sublayers when the toggle buttons are clicked. I've tried adding a hide sublayer code into the LayerActions section of my code, but it's not hiding the sublayers (the button does the same function no matter whether the 'layer.getSubLayer(1).hide()' is there or not). This is the code I'm using:  var LayerActions = {  all: function(){   layer.getSubLayer(1).hide();   sublayers[0].setSQL("SELECT * FROM spreadsheet");   return true;  },  2011: function(){   layer.getSubLayer(1).hide();   sublayers[0].setSQL("SELECT * FROM spreadsheet WHERE year IN ('2011') AND year IS NOT NULL");   return true;  },  2012: function(){   layer.getSubLayer(1).hide();   sublayers[0].setSQL("SELECT * FROM spreadsheet WHERE year IN ('2012', '2012/2013') AND year IS NOT NULL");   return true;  } }   $('.button').click(function() {  $('.button').removeClass('selected');  $(this).addClass('selected');  LayerActions[$(this).attr('id')](); });   Could someone point me to where I'm messing up with my code? Or is it not possible to hide a sublayer using the LayerActions?    I'm now loading my layers differently, and this is my new code:   cartodb.createLayer(map, url1)     .addTo(map, 0)     .done(function (layer) {         console.log('added url1 ',url1);         cartodb.createLayer(map, url2)         .addTo(map, 1)         .done(function (layer) {             console.log('added url2 ',url2);         })         .error(function (){             console.log('problem adding 2nd layer');         });     })     .error(function () {         console.log('There is something wrong with requested data!');     });   So if I wanted to hide the first layer that's loaded (url1) and select only certain points from the second layer (url2), how would I code that in my LayerActions section? I've tried the following, but nothing changes when I click the buttons:  var LayerActions = { all: function(){   layer.getLayer(0).hide;   layer[1].setSQL("SELECT * FROM spreadsheet");   return true; }, 2011: function(){   layer.getLayer(0).hide;   layer[1].setSQL("SELECT * FROM spreadsheet WHERE year IN ('2011') AND year IS NOT NULL");   return true; }, ... Google crawlers screen size Imagine a I have two types of images (A and AAA(heavier)) for the same website: depending on the size of the screen it will show one image or other.   Now I'm wondering what images (A or AAA) loads the Google crawler when it visits my site.   In other words: has the Google crawlers any "screen size"?  I suppose, in case the it loads the A images, the page-speed puntuation will be better than if it loads the images AAA. How do I create an Ubuntu live USB using a Mac? What does Minecraft's scary music mean? Apparently it means there is a dungeon around but I can never find any?  If it does mean dungeons how far away will it trigger? I am non-EU citizen working in Germany. Can I travel to UK without a visa? I need to make Windows 7 STOP disabling the wifi adapter when the wired LAN is connected I've used a number of different *nix-based systems of the years, and it seems like every flavor of Bash I use has a different algorithm for deciding which startup scripts to run.  For the purposes of tasks like setting up environment variables and aliases and printing startup messages (e.g. MOTDs), which startup script is the appropriate place to do these?  What's the difference between putting things in .bashrc, .bash_profile, and .environment?  I've also seen other files such as .login, .bash_login, and .profile; are these ever relevant?  What are the differences in which ones get run when logging in physically, logging in remotely via ssh, and opening a new terminal window?  Are there any significant differences across platforms (including Mac OS X (and its Terminal.app) and Cygwin Bash)? How to Preload Tabs/Set Multiple Websites as Default in Firefox, IE, etc Any website can set as the homepage of Firefox which loads spontaneously. Is this for multiple tabs? Then BBC Health, CNN, Yahoo Health, msn.com would all extemporarily materialise (in four separate tabs); I then wouldn't have to open each website manually. Media keys behaving like function keys What makes a bread either close or open crumbed/textured? What causes the texture of bread to be open, ie with lots of large holes, or close, ie a regular, uniform tender crumb with no large holes? How can I achieve either?