Could we please clarify just the Primary phase of the election?
There's an election going on. What's happening and how does it work?
As you can see, the off-topic page isn&#39;t quite right...    Could this (minor) issue be fixed? A site URL changed and now its icon in SEDE is broken Difference between 2 numbers I need the perfect algorithm or C# function to calculate the difference (distance) between 2 decimal numbers.  For example the difference between: 100 and 25 is 75 100 and -25 is 125 -100 and -115 is 15 -500 and 100 is 600  Is there a C# function or a very elegant algorithm to calculate this or I have to go and handle every case separately with ifs.  If there is such a function or algorithm, which one is it? Embedding ordinals in $\mathbb{Q}$ All countable ordinals are embeddable in $\mathbb{Q}$.  For "small" countable ordinals, it is simple to do this explicitly.  $\omega$ is trivial, $\omega+1$ can be e.g. done as $\{\frac{n}{n+1}:n\in \mathbb{N}\} \cup \{1\}$.   $\omega*2$ can be done as $\{\frac{n}{n+1}:n\in \mathbb{N}\} \cup \{1+\frac{n}{n+1}:n\in \mathbb{N}\}$, and $\omega*n$ as $\bigcup_{i\le n} \{i+\frac{n}{n+1}:n\in \mathbb{N}\}$  That immediately also gives $\omega^2$ as  $\bigcup_{i \in \mathbb{N}} \{i+\frac{n}{n+1}:n\in \mathbb{N}\}$  And going further is still relatively easy: We can biject the above embedding of $\omega^2$ onto a single interval $(0,1)$, e.g. through $f(x)=1-\frac{1}{x+1}$ since this is an order preserving bijection from $\mathbb{Q}^+$ to $(0,1)$, allowing us to get $\omega^2+n$, $\omega^2*n$ etc. And by iterating that process, we can get any ordinal below $\omega^\omega$.   But this sort of embedding fails at $\omega^\omega$ as the iteration of $f$ doesn't seem compatible with taking the infinite union - figuratively speaking, we'd squish things to $0$. So what would an explicit embedding of $\omega^\omega$ look like? And the question, then, is if it is possible to give an explicit embedding of $\epsilon_0$? Is the fact that Peano arithmetic cannot prove well-foundedness of $\epsilon_0$ an indication that it cannot be embedded by such elementary functions and their iterations?  And what about even bigger countable ordinals such as the Veblen ordinals, Feferman-Schütte, Bachmann-Howard? From its definition, even if the above all are possible, I assume that the definitive bound of where one can define an effective procedure for the embedding must be Church–Kleene - is that a correct conclusion?  Lastly, does the situation change when we use $\mathbb{R}$ instead of $\mathbb{Q}$, which would allow us to use, perhaps, more easily understood yet inherently complex functions?  Edited because $\omega^2 \neq \omega^\omega$ A number of times I have encountered in text-books and articles that neutrinos might contribute only a small fraction to dark matter. The reason has to do with the fact that if all of the dark matter consisted of neutrinos, then small-scale structures in the Universe could not have formed yet, because, as they say, neutrinos "wash out" small fluctuations. However, none of these texts provided a reference to any specific sources explaining in detail what is meant by "washing out". After all, neutrinos are notorious in their weak interaction with baryonic matter, so if there is a small-scale fluctuation of baryons, then how background neutrinos can prevent it from growing further if they practically do not interact with baryons? I guess the question boils down to calculating cross-sections of interactions at specific temperatures. I would appreciate comments and references to sources addressing this particular issue. When you cast invisibility on your turn, and walk away from 2 enemies, do they get an attack of opportunity? When a PC is in melee with a creature, casts the basic invisibility spell, and leaves melee, does an NPC get an attack of opportunity? On equations $m^2+1=5^n$ I'm sure everyone is familiar with the Ship of Theseus paradox, basically "If you replace parts of a ship over time until none of the original ship is left, is the end product still the same ship?"  I just read pop philosophy books, so spare me if this is an idiotic question, but could this be applied to the Brain and consciousness? If you were the take individual atoms/neurons, and somehow replace them with its exact copy one at a time, how would the person experience that?   I don't think there would be an interruption of consciousness, but at the end it's a completely separate (but identical) brain from the one you started with. Exactly as if you had just cloned the whole thing, right? But without interruption.  What interests me is the gradual transition of consciousness here, is it possible to know how that would  work?  I think I remember hearing people argue similarly for both the existence of a transcendent soul and also AI consciousness. And the only other discussion I found of this was on a flat earth forum, so I don't know what to make of that.   I hope I articulated my question clearly. Thank you! Properly bootstrap drupal for standalone PHP file? This is what I have right now:  &lt;?php     define('DRUPAL_ROOT', '/var/www/clients/client1/web15/web');     include_once(DRUPAL_ROOT . '/includes/bootstrap.inc');     drupal_bootstrap(DRUPAL_BOOTSTRAP_FULL); //  drupal_flush_all_caches();        $users = views_get_view_result('userlist', 'uid_list');     $i = 0;     foreach ($users as $user) {         $filename = 'sites/default/files/generated_pdfs/individual_pdf_report_' . $user-&gt;uid . '.pdf';         generate_employee_pdf($user-&gt;uid, $filename);         error_log('Generated ' . $filepath);         $i++;     }     // create object     $zip = new ZipArchive();     // open archive     if ($zip-&gt;open("sites/default/files/generated_zips/individual-reports.zip", ZIPARCHIVE::CREATE) !== TRUE) {         die ("Could not open archive");     }     // initialize an iterator     // pass it the directory to be processed     $iterator = new RecursiveIteratorIterator(new RecursiveDirectoryIterator("sites/default/files/generated_pdfs/"));     // iterate over the directory     // add each file found to the archive     foreach ($iterator as $key=&gt;$value) {         $zip-&gt;addFile(realpath($key), $value-&gt;getFilename()) or die ("ERROR: Could not add file: $key");     }     // close and save archive     $zip-&gt;close(); ?&gt;   I'm getting a bunch of errors from the above when run standalone. Works fine in my module. Some of the errors are:  Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in drupal_depth_first_search() (line 56 of /var/www/clients/client1/web15/web/includes/graph.inc). Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in _module_build_dependencies() (line 229 of /var/www/clients/client1/web15/web/includes/module.inc). Warning: include_once(sites/all/modules/views_bulk_operations/actions/archive.action.inc): failed to open stream: No such file or directory in views_bulk_operations_load_action_includes() (line 56 of /var/www/clients/client1/web15/web/sites/all/modules/views_bulk_operations/views_bulk_operations.module). Motion Tracking objects that go out of frame and re-enter later A lot of my scripts stopped working after installing Ubuntu 15.10 and I have trouble remembering this new name as I was used to ethx and wlanx for years. Is there a reason for this change? Do I have to get used to this or can I just rename it and go back to good old eth0?  $ ifconfig  enp0s25   Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 77:5a:5e:a6:86:d5         inet addr:192.168.31.239  Bcast:192.168.31.255  Mask:255.255.255.0       inet6 addr: fe80::725a:b6ff:fea6:86d7/64 Scope:Link       UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1       RX packets:4833 errors:1332 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:666       TX packets:5589 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0       collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000        RX bytes:3266446 (3.2 MB)  TX bytes:1046654 (1.0 MB)       Interrupt:20 Memory:d3500000-d3520000 the weak form of 'on' I am confused at whether or not there is a weak form at preposition's 'ON'. I've checked at some dictionaries at Cambridge and Oxford dictionary, they don't mention on the weak form's pronunciation. However, I, am a Japanese, checked at English-Japanese dictionaries, they mention on the weak form as /ən/.  For example, is there the difference of pronunciation between 'It goes on' and 'There is an apple on the table' in connected speech?  Does it exist?  Thanks Yuichi  *It's Edited I'm looking for a true 360 degree camera, so that's both vertical and horizontal 360 degrees. I've seen some clip-ons for the iPhone, but am really not wanting to by an iPhone 4S for this.  What I would like to see: - decent resolution: at least 1920x1080. - and 30fps  I can't settle for an alternative that's not vertically 360 degrees (or at least much more than 180 degrees).  I've seen the ball camera, which isn't out yet, but would be really well suited for my case, given it does video as well. Is there a continuous function such that $\int_0^{\infty} f(x)dx$ converges, yet $\lim_{x\rightarrow \infty}f(x) \ne 0$? Is there a continuous function such that $\int_0^{\infty} f(x)dx$ converges, yet $\lim_{x\rightarrow \infty}f(x) \ne 0$?  I know there are such functions, but I just can't think of any example. $x^TAx=0$ for all $x$ when $A$ is a skew symmetric matrix Let $A$ be an $n\times n$ skew symmetric matrix. Show that $x^TAx =0 \ \forall x \in \mathbb R^n$.  How to prove this? bash dynamic (variable) variable names Ubuntu 18.04 opening system settings logs me out How to remove Ubuntu and put Windows back on? In unix server grep -r option is not working. OS is HP-UX.  If grep -r is not working any alternative way to do recursive search without -r option? I’m reading Shakespeare’s Henry IV (Part 1) right now and I’m noticing that Sir John Falstaff has a propensity of saying “If this, then I’m a this” sort of statements. A few examples to clarify:     … An I   have not ballads made on you all and sung to filthy   tunes, let a cup of sack be my poison      An I have not   forgotten what the inside of a church is made of, I   am a peppercorn, a brewer’s horse      if manhood, good manhood, be   not forgot upon the face of the earth, then am I a shotten herring      If I do not beat thee out of thy   kingdom with a dagger of lath, and drive all thy   subjects afore thee like a flock of wild-geese,   I’ll never wear hair on my face more   Is there a particular literary term for these sort of sentences?