Correct way of defining/declaring templates in header file?
Why can templates only be implemented in the header file?
pm-hibernate freezes and/or fails to resume on Dell XPS 13, 14.04, 3.19 kernel I'm running 14.04 on a new XPS 13. In order to support the newer hardware, I'm running a mainline 3.19 kernel.   Hibernate resume has been iffy with the entire 3.19 kernel line, but recently (3.19.5) pm-hibernate no longer works at all. The screen will either a) switch off momentarily, then back on with all inputs frozen or b) switch off entirely, and fail to resume upon power on (despite displaying the correct resume-from-uuid message).  I have enough swap space (and it has worked in the past), I have checked that the uuid is being correctly referenced, and nothing seems particularly amiss in /var/log/pm-suspend.log (last 200 lines here: )  Thanks for your help. What is the promotion rate of professors in United States? I'm writing an essay, and want to know the promotion rate and average duration from assistant professor to associate professor and associate professor to professor in recent years. Sadly I don't know the data for the US. Could anyone tell me? I don't know what I've done, but all of a sudden I am unable to compile any document which uses the geometry package. Minimal (non)-working example:     \documentclass[11pt]{article}      \usepackage{geometry}  \begin{document} test \end{document}   doesn't produce any output, and this is what I see in my error summary screen in TeXnicCenter:    The red arrow points to what seems to be the problem: something about the bundle "oberdiek" and its package "ifvtex" is causing pdflatex.exe (which, while I don't really know what it does, sounds pretty important) to "not be initialized". I , and it's relevance here is a mystery to me.  I've confirmed that all of my files without the geometry package compile just fine; however, that doesn't mean that the problem is with the geometry package - what seems more likely is that there is some hidden cause of the error, and geometry happens to be one way to induce that. By the way, I've tried compiling a document which includes the ifpdf and ifvtex packages separately, and they do just fine; it's only when I include the geometry package (which for some reason requires these ifpdf and ifvtex packages) that the error occurs.  I've tried the only things I can think of:   going into MiKTeX Package Manager (by the way I am using 2.8), and removing + reinstalling both geometry and oberdiek refreshing the file name database ("FNDB") deleting all automatically generated files, as well as simply starting over in a new document   So I'm stuck now. I've considered attempting to just get rid of all traces of MiKTeX and TeXnicCenter from my computer and starting over, but that seems a bit excessive - after all, the geometry package was working for me . I honestly am not sure what I did to cause this; I've spent today trying to make a better template file for myself, and so I've been trying out new packages, but if I'm not loading these new packages there shouldn't be any conflicts, right?   Actually, I've just now thought of something that I think I did between the last time it worked and now, so is a possible candidate for the cause: I had to install some package manually, as it wasn't available on MiKTeX, and so I created a folder and pointed MiKTeX to it (i.e. the second option ). The package didn't do what I wanted, so I deleted the folder and removed it from the list of folders I told MiKTeX to check. Perhaps it's still trying to reach it for some reason? Nvidia graphics card no longer works in Windows 10 (error: Code 43) but works in Ubuntu Currently, when I boot into Windows, one monitor stays black (undetected), and the other can only display 800x600 resolution.  When I look at Device Manager &gt; Display Adapters &gt; NVIDIA GeForce GTX 970 &gt; General &gt; Device Status, it says "Windows has stopped this device because it has reported problems. (Code 43)".  Details &gt; Problem Code says "00002b". Details &gt; Status says:  01802400 DN_HAS_PROBLEM DN_DISABLEABLE DN_NT_ENUMERATOR DN_NT_DRIVER   When I then click into the Events tab, it says "Device PCI\VEN_10DE&amp;DEV_13C2&amp;SUBSYS_29763842&amp;REV_A1\4&amp;25438c51&amp;0&amp;0008 requires further installation."  I have a EVGA Nvidia GeForce GTX 970 graphics card with the latest drivers (376.19 from 12/1/2016).  My Windows 10 Pro has the latest updates and is at Version 1607, OS Build 14393.576.  My ASRock Z170 Pro4 motherboard BIOS is also updated to the latest version (7.00 from 10/4/2016).  I have dual Acer monitors with 1920x1080 resolution.  I downloaded Ubuntu 16.04.1 LTS onto a bootable USB drive and booted into the Ubuntu operating system instead of Windows. Both monitors immediately worked at full 1920x1080 resolution. So the hardware seems functional! My remaining challenge is to figure out why my video card has stopped working within Windows.  What I Have Tried   I've tried using Display Driver Uninstaller from Guru3d in Safe Mode to delete all drivers and try to install fresh.   I've tried many different versions of the driver dating back more than 12 months. I've tried reseating the card. I've tried moving the card to a different slot. EVGA's phone support told me to reinstall windows (Windows &gt; Reset this PC &gt; Keep my files). Unfortunately, I followed their advice (and now don't have any of my programs), and I still get Code 43 with the EVGA Nvidia card.   What I Have NOT Tried   I would love to try installing this card onto a different Windows 10 computer to see what happens, but I don't have access to any other computers. If you live northeast of Atlanta, let me know. ;-)   I'd appreciate any other ideas you have!. Let $x_{1},x_{2},\cdots,x_{n}$ be real numbers. Show that     $$\sum_{i,j=1}^{n}|x_{i}+x_{j}|\ge n\sum_{i=1}^{n}|x_{i}|.$$   I think this problem may be solved using nice methods, but I can't find them yet; I know this may be of use: $$|a|+|b|\ge |a+b|.$$ But I can't make it work. Thank you everyone. Lowering the throttling temperature in Windows 8 for a laptop How can I make a more realistic glass shader? Prove that $\sin(2A)+\sin(2B)+\sin(2C)=4\sin(A)\sin(B)\sin(C)$ when $A,B,C$ are angles of a triangle Prove that $\sin(2A)+\sin(2B)+\sin(2C)=4\sin(A)\sin(B)\sin(C)$ when $A,B,C$ are angles of a triangle   This question came up in a miscellaneous problem set I have been working on to refresh my memory on several topics I did earlier this year. I have tried changing $4\sin(A)\sin(B)\sin(C)$ to  $$4\sin(B+C)\sin(A+C)\sin(A+B)$$ by making substitutions by reorganizing $A+B+C=\pi$. I then did the same thing to the other side to get $$-2(\sin(B+C)\cos(B+C)+\sin(A+C)\cos(A+C)+\sin(A+B)\cos(A+B))$$ and then tried using the compound angle formula to see if i got an equality. However the whole thing became one huge mess and I didn't seem to get any closer to the solution. I am pretty sure there is some simpler way of proving the equality, but I can't seem to figure it out. Maybe there is a geometric interpretation or maybe it can be done using just algebra and trig. Any hint's would be appreciated (I would prefer an algebraic approach, but it would be nice to see some geometric proofs as well) Few days ago I got sample of toroidal core from my friend. I don't know any technical details of core just know OD-10cm, ID-6cm, height- 5cm and wet about 1.845 kg(M4 grade CRGO). I want to make toroidal transformer using this core but how to calculate core area and maximum VA capacity of core.I take some photos and attach. I've just bought a new Toshiba laptop, on which Windows 8 is preinstalled. I've installed Ubuntu Gnome 13.10 and GRUB2 correctly detects Ubuntu and Windows. But the strange problem is that when I try to boot Windows 8, it appears the following error:  /EndEntire file path:/ACPI(a0341d0,0)/PCI(2,1f)/UnknwnMessaging(12)/HD(2,200800,82000,a8d996409dcfe211,a8,59)/File(\EFI|Microsoft\Boot)/File(bootmgfw.efi)/EndEntire error: cannot load image.   I've tried to solve using boot-repair, using the auto-correction. But never has changed. Here is the log generated by boot-repair:   How can I fix this? I want to run a ppp connection when my USB modem is connected, so I use this udev rule:  ACTION=="add", SUBSYSTEM=="tty", ATTRS{idVendor}=="16d8",\     RUN+="/usr/local/bin/newPPP.sh $env{DEVNAME}"  (My modem appears in /dev as ttyACM0)  newPPP.sh:  #!/bin/bash /usr/bin/pon prov $1 &gt;/dev/null 2&gt;&amp;1 &amp;   Problem:  The udev event fires, and newPPP.sh is running, but newPPP.sh process is killed after ~4-5s. ppp does not have time to connect (its timeout is 10s for dial up).  How can I run a long time process, that will not be killed?  I tried using nohup, but it didn't work either.  System: Arch Linux  Update  I found a solution , thanks to .  I use at now to run my job detached from udev process.  But the one question remains unanswered: Why do nohup and &amp; not work? I have some auto-generated T-SQL, which is probably valid, but I don't really understand.  ALTER TABLE [dbo].[MyTable] WITH CHECK CHECK CONSTRAINT [My_FORIEGN_KEY];   I know what a foreign key constraint is, but what's the CHECK CHECK? Explaining what GIS is to 11 year old kid? Well, since it was one of the highest rated , hasn't been asked yet, and I would love to know the answer, I thought I'd ask it.  How do I explain what GIS is for the 11 year old kid? I have created the custom setting with the hierarchy type    I have added some fields to the custom settings  phone field is added to the custom settings  custom setting Name:Order_Configuration__c  Phone :12345 - one profile  phone:456798 - another profile   Is it possible to access the different values for different profiles in custom settings using apex trigger code Find out trace of a given matrix $A$ with entries from $\mathbb{Z}_{227}$ Let $A$ be a $227\times 227$ matrix with entries in $\mathbb{Z}_{227}$ such that all of its eigen values are distinct. What would be its trace? I think it is zero by adding all 227 elements but i am not sure.  Edited: Here I have assumed that eigenvalues are in a base field. How do you use the CSS content property to add HTML entities?  Using something like this just prints &amp;nbsp; to the screen instead of the non-breaking space:  .breadcrumbs a:before {     content: '&amp;nbsp;'; } Encouraging people to explain downvotes Note: If you're looking for a simple explanation as to why comments aren't required on downvotes, see .   I used to get "upset" (though that is too strong a term) when I got downvoted without comment. If my answer isn't good enough then I'd like to know why. Not only does it improve the answer for the OP but it improves my knowledge too.  Where the down-vote has been explained I've found it useful &amp; it has improved my answer, or forced me to delete the answer if it was totally wrong.  So is there any way we can encourage people to leave a comment? Perhaps they don't lose rep if they explain their down-vote?  I must admit though that I haven't always explained my down-vote either so you could call me a hypocrite. I've also grown a thicker skin over the months of using SO (it seems to have come with the higher rep score ;-)), so I'm less bothered about this now. I installed an alpha or beta, am I up to date with the final release if I keep upgrading? I installed an Ubuntu alpha or beta and have been keeping it up to date.   So, Should I presume that my system has automatically updated to the next alpha or beta, and will be running the official release when it's finished? When I login to my ubuntu system, it show me this this message, How can I see it any time? I tried to run . .bashrc but it didn't worked.   Welcome to Ubuntu 12.10 LTS (GNU/Linux 3.2.0-24-virtual x86_64)   * Documentation:  https://help.ubuntu.com/    System information as of Sat Jul 13 06:16:35 UTC 2013    System load:  0.55              Processes:           96   Usage of /:   8.1% of 68.74GB   Users logged in:     0   Memory usage: 55%               IP address for eth0: 198.xx.xxx.xxx   Swap usage:   0%                IP address for eth1: xxx.1x0.xx.xxx    =&gt; There is 1 zombie process.    Graph this data and manage this system at https://landscape.canonical.com/  223 packages can be updated. 134 updates are security updates.  Last login: Mon Jul  8 17:47:05 2013 Why does a vertical line have a SLOPE (steepness) of undefined? The curve shows :   x goes 1 to right  y goes up by 3   the SLOPE is defined as the ratio of rise to the step  SLOPE = rise/step = 3/1 = 3  Now that :   Horizontal line has SLOPE of 0. Vertical line has SLOPE of undefined.   It makes sense for me to imagine horizontal line has SLOPE of 0 since there is no rise at all. But why the vertical has SLOPE of undefined.?