Excel - Freezing a formula
Monitor cell value and copy it to another cell
Do null and alternative hypotheses have to be exhaustive or not? I saw a lot of times claims that they have to be exhaustive (the examples in such books were always set in such way, that they were indeed), on the other hand I also saw a lot of times books stating they should be exclusive (for example $\mathrm{H}_{0}$ as $\mu_1=\mu_2$ and $\mathrm{H}_{1}$ as $\mu_1&gt;\mu_2$) without clarifying the exhaustive issue. Only before typing in this question I found somewhat stronger statement on the  -- "The alternative need not be the logical negation of the null hypothesis".  Could someone more experienced explain which is true, and I would be grateful for shedding some light on the (historical?) reasons for such difference (the books were written by statisticians after all, i.e. scientists, not philosophers). How do lexical closures work? While I was investigating a problem I had with lexical closures in Javascript code, I came along this problem in Python:  flist = []  for i in xrange(3):     def func(x): return x * i     flist.append(func)  for f in flist:     print f(2)   Note that this example mindfully avoids lambda. It prints "4 4 4", which is surprising. I'd expect "0 2 4".   This equivalent Perl code does it right:  my @flist = ();  foreach my $i (0 .. 2) {     push(@flist, sub {$i * $_[0]}); }  foreach my $f (@flist) {     print $f-&gt;(2), "\n"; }   "0 2 4" is printed.  Can you please explain the difference ?    Update:   The problem is not with i being global. This displays the same behavior:  flist = []  def outer():     for i in xrange(3):         def inner(x): return x * i         flist.append(inner)  outer() #~ print i   # commented because it causes an error  for f in flist:     print f(2)   As the commented line shows, i is unknown at that point. Still, it prints "4 4 4". With the confirmation that elements 113, 115, 117, and 118 are indeed fundamental elements that are now to be named on the periodic table, the next question is: what is the highest atomic number possible for an element? Feynman had a go at this years ago, and he derived (according to my limited understanding) that above element-137 (informally denoted 'Feynmanium') the electrons in the nearest orbit about the nucleus would be traveling at a velocity greater than the speed of light. (Note I am considering the Bohr model of the atom in this question.) I wished to demonstrate to my friends why this is and I came up with the following explanation.  According to Bohr's quantum condition, the angular momentum of an electron about the nucleus is given by $$ L=m_evr_n=n\hslash \implies r_n=\frac{n\hslash}{m_ev},$$ where $m_e$ is the mass of the electron, $v$ its velocity, $n$ an integer, and $r_n$ the radius of the $n$th possible orbit. Because we are concerned with the nearest orbit to the nucleus, $n=1$; and thus $$r=\frac{\hslash}{m_ev}.$$   Now, according to Coulomb's law, if the electron orbits about the nucleus the centripetal motion can be described by $$\frac{Ze^2}{4\pi\epsilon_or}=m_ev^2, $$ where $Z$ denotes the number of protons in the nucleus (the atomic number), and $e$ the elementary charge. Solving for $Z$ and substituting in $r$ from above yields $$Z=\frac{4\pi\epsilon_o \hslash v}{e^2}. $$ But what is $v$? Well, the maximum velocity an electron could ever have is the speed of light, and we wish to find the atomic number associated with an orbiting electron traveling at this speed, so we set $v=c$ and obtain our final result of $$Z=\frac{4\pi\epsilon_o\hslash c}{e^2}\approx 137.521,$$ which implies that for $Z&gt;137$, the electrons at a position of $n=1$ in the Bohr model would have a velocity $&gt;c$; and thus the highest atomic number achievable on the periodic table is 137.  Again, I just want to make sure this is a correct method for deriving element-137 before presenting. Perhaps one could explain how relativity plays a role here. I know Feynman used the Dirac equation to get this result...so could anyone (subsequently of course) expatiate on this in a simplistic manner? Thanks! How to pick and differentiate a flat color? When I am using Color Picker in Photoshop or Illustrator I am unable to get a Flat color. What are the things or basic points that I should keep in mind so that I am able to judge a color whether it is flat or not. Although flat color can be picked form websites such as       e.t.c.    Picking a flat color is not my problem. I want to learn the skill needed to judge and differentiate a flat color from other. Do all flat  colors values follow a pattern ?(like specific hue and saturation). Can you cast a spell learned from the Magic Initiate feat using spell slots? Say I play a wizard who learns cure wounds by taking the Magic Initiate feat. Could I cast that spell using the Wizard's spell slots? What pins on a nRF51822 do I connect to a STM32 programmer? In a tennis tournement of 128 players, elimination system, what is the probability that two twins will meet at some point? Typesetting long division with tabular and overlining repeating part How do I restore the default repositories? There are now errors when updating and I cannot install most software due to a corrupted  /etc/apt/sources.list   file. Is there a copy I can download to replace it?  The file would be for Ubuntu 12.04 (Final Beta) in the United States. How to escape braces (curly brackets) in a format string in .NET How can brackets be escaped in using string.Format? For example: String val = &quot;1,2,3&quot; String.Format(&quot; foo {{0}}&quot;, val);  This example doesn't throw an exception, but it outputs the string foo {0}. Is there a way to escape the brackets? I have customer data from 2 brands. The data structure are the same, but I expected the customer behaviour to be different in different brand.  So I could train 2 models, 1 for each brand, or I could train one model on both brands, but flag which brand the customers belongs to within the data.  So my question is, would training on both brands with flags be too much more work for the Machine Learning (I'm using neural network), and therefore be harder to achieve good accuracy than to have dedicated models for each brand? Given $x_1,x_2,x_3,x_4$ real numbers such that $x_1+x_2+x_3+x_4 = 0$ and $x_1^7+x_2^7+x_3^7+x_4^7 = 0,$ how can I use symmetric functions and Newton's sums to prove that $x_1(x_1+x_2)(x_1+x_3)(x_1+x_4)=0$?  This is what I have so far:   Note that $x_1 = -(x_2+x_3+x_4)$ and the relation between Newton's sums, elementary symmetric polynomials, and power sums gives us that $P_7-S_1 P_6+S_2 P_5-S_3 P_4+S_4P_3=0,$ where $P_k$ denotes the $kth$ power sum and $S_k$ denotes the $kth$ elementary symmetric polynomial of $x_1,x_2,x_3,x_4.$   We want to show that $(x_2+x_3+x_4)(x_2+x_3)(x_2+x_4)(x_3+x_4) = 0.$  But how? How do you get the footer to stay at the bottom of a Web page? I have a simple 2-column layout with a footer that clears both the right and left div in my markup.  My problem is that I can't get the footer to stay at the bottom of the page in all browsers.  It works if the content pushes the footer down, but that's not always the case. Any way to see mail sent by other user through shared address? My wife and I have a "shared" email address, like thesmiths@example.com which we both use from Gmail when we both want to get replies or for signing up for certain websites.  When an email is received at that address, it gets forwarded to both of our personal Gmail accounts.  The problem is that when either one of us "sends as" that address, the other does not see the sent message. So we have to cc or bcc each other (and she usually forgets.)  Is there any automagic way to have those sent emails appear in BOTH of our Gmail accounts?  I've tried filters but I don't think they work on outgoing messages. Basically we want a filter that would automatically forward emails from that address to the other person.  I know this can be done with standalone mail clients, but neither of us uses those. Hyphens in words with prefixes like neo-Nazism I have a question regarding the use of hyphens in words with certain prefixes. For example,     Neo-Nazism   Neo-Confucianism   Neo-liberal     are words with a hyphen, but     Neoplatonism   Neocolonialism   are words without hyphens. I'm especially confused with neo-Confucianism and neoplatonism: one contains  a hyphen and a capital letter and the other doesn't.  Is there a specific rule for hyphens in words with prefixes or is it purely arbitrary? What techniques have been used to repeat geometry or other detail to the infinite horizon? find an approximate solution, up to the order of epsilon The question is to find an approximate solution, up to the order of epsilon of following problem.  $$y'' + y+\epsilon y^3 = 0$$ $$y(0) = a$$ $$y'(0) = 0$$  I tried to solve the given problem using perturbation theory.  $$y(t) = y_0(t) + \epsilon y_1(t) + \epsilon^2 y_2(t) + \cdots$$ $$t = w(\epsilon)t = (1 + \epsilon w_1 + \epsilon^2 w_2 + \cdots )t$$  However, i failed to find an appropriate approximate solution... help me!! How can I show or hide boot messages when Ubuntu starts? Is there a way to easily turn on/off showing the boot messages (loading the services) when Ubuntu starts? Is it something in Grub2?  I am running 10.04. Regex exec only returning first match Billing Information Required for App Updates I'm trying to update 3 apps on my iPad and 3 things happen that never usually happen.   It asks me to sign in. It asks for my billing information. My card gets denied.   Now I know my card still works fine so that isn't the problem. The same thing happens when I try to install previously downloaded apps (that cloud button) or install new free apps.  I have no outstanding payments (is it even possible to have outstanding payments with Apple?) so why is this happening?  In case it's needed, I'm using an iPad Air running the latest version. 16GB Harddrive and Wi-Fi only.  I should also make it clear that "None" isn't an option for payment.