Program hidden beneath an interface in mathematica
How to distribute proprietary Mathematica code
How can I rename many files at once? I need to rename a bunch of files in order to fix their sort order, therefore I need to be able to do a sort of "find and replace" so I can replace chunks of the filenames at a time.  What tools should I use? I prefer GUI but a command line tool recommendation would also be fine. MCMC in a frequentist setting I have been trying to get a sense of the different problems in frequentist settings where MCMC is used. I am familiar that MCMC (or Monte Carlo) is used in fitting GLMMs and in maybe Monte Carlo EM algorithms. Are there more frequentist problems where MCMC is used? We have noticed that when using nginx internal 301 and 302 handling, nginx will serve a small document body with the appropriate Location: ... header.  Something along the lines of (in html): 301 redirect - nginx.  As appropriate in the above behaviour, a content-type text/html and content-length header is also sent.  We do a lot of 302 and some 301 redirects, the above behaviour is wasted bandwidth in our opinion.  Any way to disable this behaviour?  One idea that crossed our mind was to set error_page 301 302 to an empty text file. We have not tested this yet, but I am assuming even with the above, the content-type and content-length (0) headers will be sent.  So, is there a clean way to send a "body-less" 301/302 redirect with nginx? How do  form? Why are they called the "time-reversed" versions of a black hole? What's an "eternal" black hole? How come a white hole is only encountered if you remove the star from the space-time surrounding the black hole? Why is it that if you add any matter to the area that the white hole disappears? Any explanation greatly appreciated. Context  In one of his most popular books , Terry Pratchett makes an entropy joke:     Knowledge equals Power, which equals Energy, which equals Mass   Pratchett is a fantasy comedian and every third phrase in his book is a joke, therefore there is no good reason to believe it.  Pratchett uses that madness to make up that a huge library has a tremendous gravitational push.  The question  I work with computers and mostly with encryption.  My work colleagues believe Terry Pratchett's statement because of entropy.  On the other hand, I believe, it is incorrect since entropy of information is a different entropy than the one used in thermodynamics.  Am I correct?  And if so, why do use the same name (entropy) to mean two different things?  Also, what would be a good way to explain that these two "entropies" are different things to non-scientists (i.e. people without a chemistry or physics background)? How do I calculate the power consumed by a lightbulb? Spy from Earth studies Galactic Empire nobility and prevents plot to depose Emperor I've just installed QGIS 3.2.2 and after installation, tried to use the Plug in Manager to install the OpenLayers plugin.  But it's not in the list to install.    Any ideas? Show that if $f(z)$ is an entire function such that it takes real values on the lines $Im(z)=0$ and $Im(z)=a$ (for some $a \in \mathbb{R}_{\neq 0})$, then $f$ is periodic with period $2 i a$.    So here is my thought process: First of all by reflection principle $f(\bar{z})=\overline{f(z)}$ so if our function $f$ is given in the strip $0 \leq Im(z) \leq a$, then its values on $-a \leq Im(z) \leq a$ follow by reflection principle. Then by imposing $f(z)=f(z+2 ia)$ we can intuitively see that this will define an entire function by looking at how the strips $na \leq Im(z) \leq 2na$ seamlessly stack on top of each other. Is this logical? And how would one prove this analytically? Subject vs. Object marking for whoever? I know similar questions have been asked before, but I'm having trouble reconciling the following sentence, received in an email:     Can we ask whomever is your contact there to email us a job so we can check backward compatibility?   I could understand using objective case if the sentence were "can we ask (him) to email...", but I get tripped up considering "whomever" to be the subject of "(he) is your contact there". Why are lamps and mesh lights not illuminating anything? There are several techniques to do a 3 point lighting system.   How do you properly light a scene while using mesh planes as emission light sources?   I'm following , however despite setting up planes to act a lighting sources, the scene is still very dark.      Actual Blender file here: Say I had;   \begin{equation}   \begin{cases}      x = 0 \\      y = 0 \\      z = 0     \end{cases}     \qquad \text{and} \qquad     \begin{cases}      x = a \\      y = a \\      z = b     \end{cases}   \end{equation}   How could I insert a brace ( } ) in the second 'cases' to say x and y are equal to a. (i.e. } = a ).   I hope this is clear, if not I can sketch it out - just let me know!  Thanks in advance! I am kind of confused on the terminology of &quot;space&quot;. From  I am getting that  In mathematics, a space is a set (sometimes called a universe) with some added structure.  And from topological and metric spaces, I know that we a space is a a tuple of a set and a structure, e.g. $(X, \tau)$, $(X, d)$, where $\tau$ and $d$ are a topology and a metric respectively. On the other hand, in machine learning the term &quot;features space&quot; is used a lot for sets like $\mathbb R^n$, e.g.  and although it often refers to the set underlaying set itself, not the tuple of set plus the added structure. In fact, I have done the same in a previous publication (which the peer-reviewers accepted), but I would like to be both correct and precise in what I research, write, and submit. Is it just that machine learning researchers are imprecise in their terminology? Is it just an ? I think, what some people are doing, might be they consider a space to be a set, which is somewhat structured, instead considering the set with the structure (so, the tuple), to be the space.  I am not sure how to think about this. How do I deal with this in my writing? Especially since, what happens a lot is that I need subsets and element out of the underlying sets of all kinds of spaces.  Of course it would greatly help if there was a general name for a set that is the underlying set of a space, , but it seems that there is no dedicated name for such a set. Let's say there was a features space $(X, \cdot)$, (where I am not even sure, what structure we would add). Then it would be great to have a name for the set, let's call it an asdf. So we could say the feature asdf.  Afterthoughts: What makes it worse for me is that it seems ( and ) I am not even using the word &quot;structure&quot;, right, since it is about operations, so we are talking about an &quot;algebraic structure&quot;, while &quot;geometric space&quot; is... something else...? So apparently a &quot;vector space&quot; is actually not a &quot;geometric space&quot;, but an &quot;algebraic structure&quot;. I can understand that point, but the language gets even more confusing. How to prove $b=c$ if $ab=ac$ (cancellation law in groups)? I'm attempting to do this in a procedure:  DECLARE @a bit = 1; BEGIN     SELECT * INTO #aTemp FROM OPENROWSET( ... );      IF @a = 0     BEGIN         SELECT ... INTO #bTemp FROM #aTemp;     END     ELSE     BEGIN         SELECT ... INTO #bTemp FROM #aTemp;     END END   I get the error:  Msg 2714, Level 16, State 1, Line 10 There is already an object named '#bTemp' in the database.   Why is this happening and is there a work around?  Update  I've attempted to add a DROP statement as suggested , but it still does not work:  DECLARE @a bit = 1; BEGIN     SELECT * INTO #aTemp FROM OPENROWSET( ... );      IF @a = 0     BEGIN         IF OBJECT_ID('[tempdb]..#bTemp') IS NOT NULL         BEGIN             DROP TABLE #bTemp;         END          SELECT ... INTO #bTemp FROM #aTemp;     END     ELSE     BEGIN         IF OBJECT_ID('[tempdb]..#bTemp') IS NOT NULL         BEGIN             DROP TABLE #bTemp;         END          SELECT ... INTO #bTemp FROM #aTemp;     END END Did Luke attempt to retake the Jedi Temple on Coruscant? After the New Republic gains control of Coruscant through the Galactic Concordance, did Luke Skywalker attempt to reclaim (or even visit) the former and still very much intact Jedi Temple, now converted to be the deceased Emperor's palace?   If Luke is so insistent on saving a tree just because it belongs to the Jedi and the Empire stole it, then shouldn't reclaiming the Jedi Temple be even higher priority?  If he did, is he aware of the Sith shrine beneath it? Which is something even Yoda does not know. And if he didn't, why didn't he? Seeking English term for relationship between two members of extended family? How to use HttpWebRequest (.NET) asynchronously? How can I use HttpWebRequest (.NET, C#) asynchronously? Why do we say that the Earth moves around the Sun? In history we are taught that the Catholic Church was wrong, because the Sun does not move around the Earth, instead the Earth moves around the Sun.  But then in physics we learn that movement is relative, and it depends on the reference point that we choose.  Wouldn't the Sun (and the whole universe) move around the Earth if I place my reference point on Earth?  Was movement considered absolute in physics back then? How reliable is validating email domain by reverse DNS MX record checking