How to make a application/script available from Bash?
How to run scripts without typing the full path?
How to Backup and Restore Android OS without Rooting I want to find a way to restore my phone in case the process of rooting my phone or dual booting a custom rom breaks it. However, most of the ones I've looked at require the phone to be rooted before installing. I know I can create a nandroid backup through system settings, but I don't know how to recover that without rooting my device, or if there are better options. I'm not terribly concerned for any personal data on my phone (I can backup my pictures pretty easily), but I mostly just want to be able reinstall Android OS or reset to factory default in case my device breaks. Thanks! Edit: I am going to ask a new question (one different enough to justify not simply modifying this one) with the new info I learned from the possible duplicate. Is there any way to create multiple insert statements in a ms-access query? I've created a script that runs every night on my Linux server that uses mysqldump to back up each of my MySQL databases to .sql files and packages them together as a compressed .tar file.  The next step I want to accomplish is to send that tar file through email to a remote email server for safekeeping.  I've been able to send the raw script in the body an email by piping the backup text file to mailx like so:  $ cat mysqldbbackup.sql | mailx backup@email.com   cat echoes the backup file's text which is piped into the mailx program with the recipient's email address passed as an argument.  While this accomplishes what I need, I think it could be one step better, Is there any way, using shell scripts or otherwise, to send the compressed .tar file to an outgoing email message as an attachment?  This would beat having to deal with very long email messages which contain header data and often have word-wrapping issues etc. Remote login with graphical display manager (GDM, LightDM) Is it possible to remotely (via ssh) make a login to GDM? I'll explain a situation in which I'd need this: I'm on my laptop and connect to my desktop via ssh. I realize there are some updates available. I install them all, but I need to reboot the computer. The problem is that once the desktop has rebooted, there will be no GDM session available, since it's necessary to log in. Can I somehow perform the GDM login remotely from my laptop?  Edit: I can't find FreeNX for Maverick, and I haven't been able to configure x11vnc + vncviewer to work. Isn't there an easy way? The use of "real" in the following cases Possible Duplicate:             If you listen real close...      Can you swing by real quick...   Sentences like the above two are what I often hear in daily life. If I didn't hear them in the real world, I would probably be more ready to say "If you listen really close..." and "Can you swing by really quick...".  Is real being used as an adjective in this scenario? If so, is the usage of adj.+ adj. a common practice in English language? Minimal polynomial of $\sqrt[3]{2} + \sqrt{3}$ Suppose I want to find the minimal polynomial of the number $\sqrt[3]{2} + \sqrt{3}$.   Now that means I want to find a  unique polynomial that is irreducible over $\Bbb Q$ such that $f(x)=0$. Now I know that because   $\sqrt[3]{2} + \sqrt{3}$ belongs to $\Bbb Q( \sqrt[3]{2} , \sqrt{3})$  it might be degree $2$, $3$ or $6$ and does not belong to $\Bbb Q( \sqrt[3]{2})$ so it cannot be of degree $3$ or  $\Bbb Q( \sqrt{3})$ so it cannot be of degree $2$.  So it is of degree $6$. I think my sayings are a bit intuitive and not formal and lack rigorous. Couldn't it belong to another extension of degree $2$? or $3$? I can't answer that. Why checking only those $2$ is enough? Or is it wrong at all to say that? Not a problem, but have been seeing questions recently of people not being offered upgrade from 18.04 to 20.04.  I thought these upgrades were offered back in June.  I upgraded to 20.04 from 19.10 and this was offered back in May.  Imagine that different versions paths have different schedules, but google does not help explaining(that I found).  Does someone know the schedules? Is it possible to host a web server from behind a NAT My PC is behind a NAT router that has a public IP address. If I want to host a website then I believe I need a domain name which I can purchase from some site which would pledge to resolve all DNS requests for that domain name and send the IP address of my NAT router (assuming I do not want to host my domain name on their servers). Now I want to host a web server on my computer.   What changes should be done to the NAT router's configuration to forward all HTTP requests for example.com to my PC in the internal network. Is the above strategy correct? Is it commonly used? Ubuntu 14.04 System Logging I've set up an Ubuntu 14.04 Server (from an Ubuntu 12.04 Server) but today I wanted to look in the auth.log but this file is not used. It seems that ´syslog´ was deleted.  How does Ubuntu 14.04 log? I need this for a server.  Thank you. I know how to rename files in Unix:  $ mv ~/folder/subfolder/file.txt ~/folder/subfolder/file.sh       ^-------this part------^    ^------this part-------^   It takes too long time to repeat ~/folder/subfolder/file twice.  Is there a quicker way? Quotient group $SL(2,\mathbb{R})/SO(2,\mathbb{R})$ I am confused by expressions like $\mathbb{R}/\mathbb{Z}$, especially if I see something of the sort $SL(2,\mathbb{R})/SO(2,\mathbb{R})$. I don't know what to make of it. I understand what a quotient of a group for an equivalence looks like, but I can't get my head around expressions like above.   Is a quotient like this always a group and what do elements in the set $SL(2,\mathbb{R})/SO(2,\mathbb{R})$ look like? When we eat something, after munching and swallowing a bite, we are strongly stimulated to have one more bite. What is the taste that causes this effect? What does 100Ohm @ 100MHz exactly mean in ferrite beads? I am trying to understand the parameters of ferrite beads and having trouble in understanding the impedance vs frequency parameter.   What does 100Ohm at 100MHz exactly mean? Does it mean that the bead will provide impedance of 100Ohm for frequencies in the 100MHz region (depending on its graph)?  I do understand that bead is highly resistive at higher frequencies.  Any help will be appreciable. Union of a finite set and a countably infinite set is countably infinite How do I check if an array includes a value in JavaScript? What is the most concise and efficient way to find out if a JavaScript array contains a value? This is the only way I know to do it: function contains(a, obj) {     for (var i = 0; i &lt; a.length; i++) {         if (a[i] === obj) {             return true;         }     }     return false; }  Is there a better and more concise way to accomplish this? I was wondering if there is a name for a function that satisfies the conditions  $f:\mathbb{R} \to \mathbb{R}$ and $f(x+y)=f(x) \cdot f(y)$?  Thanks and regards! Assistive technology not found AWTError $ java -jar aprof-plot.jar Exception in thread "main" java.awt.AWTError: Assistive Technology not found: org.GNOME.Accessibility.AtkWrapper     at java.awt.Toolkit.loadAssistiveTechnologies(Toolkit.java:807)     at java.awt.Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit(Toolkit.java:886)     at java.awt.Toolkit.getEventQueue(Toolkit.java:1734)     at java.awt.EventQueue.invokeLater(EventQueue.java:1264)     at aprofplot.Main.newWindow(Main.java:33)     at aprofplot.Main.main(Main.java:359)   Possible explanations I saw here was to install Java-access-bridge. But I am unable to install libaccess-java-bridge. Does black hole formation contradict the Pauli exclusion principle? A star's collapse can be halted by the  due to the Pauli exclusion principle. In extreme relativistic conditions, a star will continue to collapse regardless of the degeneracy pressure to form a black hole. Does this violate the Pauli exclusion principle? If so, are theorists ok with that? And if it doesn't violate the Pauli exclusion principle, why not? Why won't my villagers breed I have created the following structure. The intention is to create fairly compact houses for villager breeding.   This is a section of the houses.   I have 2 of these structures, which would resolve to 28 doors and 4 other types of houses meaning I have 32 houses in total. healed healed 3 villager zombies and locked them inside a small house. One of them sometimes shows hearts, but they won't breed.   I am playing vanilla Minecraft 1.8. The doors are spruce.  What is wrong with these houses? Is there something wrong with spruce doors or half slab roofs? What intuitively is "bias"? I'm struggling to grasp the concept of bias in the context of linear regression analysis.    What is the mathematical definition of bias? What exactly is biased and why/how? Illustrative example?