Why does the issue number appear when using \citeyear with apa-syle?
biblatex - issue number of journal in date
How can I list all the printable ASCII characters in the terminal? mysql database no space available Has anyone ever booked a flight with ?  I am just wondering where they get their prices and data from, and if I might find a cheaper flight by using something like Expedia or Travelocity. I deleted a folder in Ubuntu, how can I recover it? The folder is massive (390GB) and contains many different files. The file system is ext4  I was about to copy this file to another hard drive using gksudo nautilus so I didnt have do a massive chmod operation on the destination hard drive, but then I accidentally hit move to trash, which in gksudo nautilus means permanent deletion. I checked the trash but it's not even an operation...  I have seen tools like testdisk and other recovery tools but none that can recover and whole folder because its made up of different files.   I don't think that this would work but if I deleted the partition could I just recover the whole partition at once?  Or would this be wrong because i have already deleted the partition's content? This is my first job in Linux IT.  I don't have a backup... I was trying to make one because the old backup drive died :( What sort of waves are produced by tuning forks? Is it transverse, longitudinal or both? We often know tuning forks are used to to produce wave in various experiments that we do in lab. But the matter of concern is what sort of waves are produced by it? Is it transverse, longitudinal or both? How to withdraw your paper from an open access journal where it has been accepted? My paper got accepted in a mediocre open access journal. However later I found out that its publishing fees was too high.   What would be the correct way of asking a withdrawal of your article from the journal? Does "std::size_t" make sense in C++? In some code I've inherited, I see frequent use of size_t with the std namespace qualifier.  For example:  std::size_t n = sizeof( long );   It compiles and runs fine, of course.  But it seems like bad practice to me (perhaps carried over from C?).  Isn't it true that size_t is built into C++ and therefore in the global namespace?  Is a header file include needed to use size_t in C++?  Another way to ask this question is, would the following program (with no includes) be expected to compile on all C++ compilers?  size_t foo() {     return sizeof( long ); } In PHP, function parameters can be passed by reference by prepending an ampersand to the parameter in the function declaration, like so:  function foo(&amp;$bar) {     // ... }   Now, I am aware that this is not designed to improve performance, but to allow functions to change variables that are normally out of their scope.  Instead, PHP seems to use Copy On Write to avoid copying objects (and maybe also arrays) until they are changed. So, for functions that do not change their parameters, the effect should be the same as if you had passed them by reference.  However, I was wondering if the Copy On Write logic maybe is shortcircuited on pass-by-reference and whether that has any performance impact.  ETA: To be sure, I assume that it's not faster, and I am well aware that this is not what references are for. So I think my own guesses are quite good, I'm just looking for an answer from someone who really knows what's definitely happening under the hood. In five years of PHP development, I've always found it hard to get quality information on PHP internals short from reading the source. UK visa: unsigned application form How do I ignore ampersands in a SQL script running from SQL Plus? I have a SQL script that creates a package with a comment containing an ampersand (&amp;). When I run the script from SQL Plus, I am prompted to enter a substitute value for the string starting with &amp;. How do I disable this feature so that SQL Plus ignores the ampersand? incoming mail just sits in the drop folder To be specific, I have an event table that logs when a user joins or leaves a team.  It looks something like the following:  ------------------------------------- | user | event  | team | timestamp | ------------------------------------- | A    | joined | 1    | 2016-1-1  | | B    | joined | 1    | 2016-1-1  | | C    | left   | 1    | 2016-1-1  | | C    | joined | 2    | 2016-1-1  | | A    | left   | 1    | 2016-1-2  | | A    | joined | 2    | 2016-1-2  | | B    | left   | 1    | 2016-1-3  | | A    | left   | 2    | 2016-1-3  | -------------------------------------   I need to restructure this in a view to look something like the following  -------------------------------------- | user | team | joined    | left     | -------------------------------------- | A    | 1    | 2016-1-1  | 2016-1-2 | | A    | 2    | 2016-1-2  | 2016-1-3 | | B    | 1    | 2016-1-1  | 2016-1-3 | | C    | 1    | null      | 2016-1-1 | | C    | 2    | 2016-1-1  | null     | --------------------------------------   How can I achieve this?  For more detail, I'm attempting to do this in Amazon Redshift (PostgreSQL) Number of edges of any spanning tree of a graph $G$ coming from a subgraph of $G$ Consider a simple undirected, unweigthed graph $G=(V,E)$ and its edge-induced subgraph $G^{*}=(V^{*},E^{*})$. Suppose that $G$ and $G^{*}$ have $c$ and $c^{*}$ connected components, respectively. Is it true that any spanning tree of $G$ has exactly  $$|V^{*}|-\min\{c^{*},c\}$$  edges from $E^{*}$? Could somebody give a proof/counterexample? Thank you for the help! pgfplots external with large dataset (lualatex?) I have fairly large datasets with densely strucutred data that i cant downsampe much without loosing structure. I use TexMaker on Ubuntu 14.04LTS. I use   \usepackage{tikz,pgfplots,pgfplotstable} \pgfplotsset{compat=1.9} \usepgfplotslibrary{external} \tikzexternalize   and   \tikzsetnextfilename{figs/test1}   to externalize the figures. This works good compiling with pdflatex -shell-escape. But as the data becomes to large I am out of memory. I am trying to compile using LuaLaTeX -shell-escape instead of pdfLatex but get the following error message:   ! Package tikz Error: Sorry, the system call 'pdflatex -halt-on-error -interact ion=batchmode -jobname "figs/test1" "\def\tikzexternalrealjob{article}\input{ar ticle}"' did NOT result in a usable output file 'figs/test1' (expected one of . pdf:.jpg:.jpeg:.png:). Please verify that you have enabled system calls. For pd flatex, this is 'pdflatex -shell-escape'. Sometimes it is also named 'write 18' or something like that. Or maybe the command simply failed?   so pgfPlots seem to call pdfLatex without the appropriate -shell-escape flag and without me specifying it. How can i get this to compile in LuaLatex? or can i compile only the figures in LuaLatex and the rest in pdfLatex (the opposite of what is happening now)? I found  and  example but neither helped me...  Thankfull for help and i am also thankful for any general advice that can help me resolve the problem of ploting larger data sets in pgfplots.   Cheers /J Warning: Total photoshop newb!  I recently got a cool image of my fiancee and I holding hands and showing off her engagment ring. The backdrop is the beach:    I tried to trace an image using a combo of the laso and magic wand tools to select my target. Then I used that to pull out the target as another layer.  I then pasted in a background gradient.     Ended up with a really lame photoshoped looking picture. Notice the white lines where I didn't get the arms close enough and the choppy spots where I got too close.    So what's my main problem here?   Is their a way to bet a better cutout? Is their a blending tool that will make the background look more natural? both   I tried a dozen or so tutorials I found in google searches but they just don't blend these types of images together in any of them. Thanks in advance. What is the best, easiest, preferably cheapest way to make OS X write to NTFS-formatted drives in Mac OS X? How to specify that search should be between two dates in technical specification I'm writing an integration manual that specifies how to use our WCF service for mobile messages and responses. The part in question needs to specify that the search results will be filtered between the start and end dates.  My aim is to make it clear that the time portion of the two dates will be discarded and the result will include everything from the start date to the end date. (In practice the code truncates the dates, adds one day to the end date, and returns the data that conforms to a query something like:  SELECT * FROM Table WHERE DateCreated >= @StartDate AND DateCreated &lt; @EndDate)  But my paragraph looks verbose and clumsy. It doesn't feel right. I feel kind of like John Cleese telling the kids when to put their clothes onto a lower peg. How can I make this less verbose?  Or maybe I'm over-thinking this?     When searching for responses, the search is performed between the supplied dates, after truncating the time portion thereof. The results will include responses with a date-time greater than equal to the start date, and less than one day after the end date. So passing the same value for start and end date will retrieve all responses received on that date, for messages previously sent by that user. I am wanting to find the correlation between two variables: a categorical vegetation variable (with categories 1-4)  and a continuous variable of erosion (with values anywhere between 0.2 and 9). I think I would be required to use a non parametric test to find the correlation, but bit of a newby to stats so could anyone suggest the best test to use? I also wanted to know how sample size can affect these tests, ie with a sample size of 100 or 1000? I'm gearing up to deploy a Drupal 7 site and I can't find any documentation about what the recommended security-conscious file and directory permissions should be set to.  Specifically default/files/ (also sub directories?), settings.php, .htaccess and anything else I should be aware of. Tracking disk I/O by application in Windows?