Python try...except comma vs 'as' in except
In Python, what's the difference between 'except Exception as e' and 'except Exception, e'
How could the Fremen do what they did to the empire in Dune Messiah? How could, and why would, the Fremen's jihad kill 61-Billion people and conquer the known universe?  Their leader Paul was already emperor.  What was left to conquer?  And how could they force this onto Paul when they had no relationship with the Spacing Guild except thru Paul?  If Paul didn't arrange for transportation then how would they get off Arrakis?  And how does a small population of hardened, rugged, but not technologically advanced people do that much conquering in that time?  Also, is there any explanation about how Ix, Tleilex planet and Bene Gesserit planets hold off the wave of jihad? How does searching a file (locate) or autocompletion work? I am a Windows user and coming from Windows with all the indexing and eternal wait times when searching for files, I find it surprising how fast does locate work or the autocompletion (that I know) work in linux.  Is there any indexing being done in the background or how is this achieved? I still have a pretty clean installation, so maybe this goes bad with time, but in Windows the moment you want to search on a folder which is not indexed you have to wait for some seconds. What is a serialVersionUID and why should I use it? Eclipse issues warnings when a serialVersionUID is missing.       The serializable class Foo does not declare a static final   serialVersionUID field of type long   What is serialVersionUID and why is it important?  Please show an example where missing serialVersionUID will cause a problem. Curve Bevel function, scale? What are the differences between Linux and Windows .txt files (Unicode encoding) I am only using the 128 character set defined in the original ANSI standard.  But as a whole how are the files implmeneted differently.    I am not concerned with the display, i.e. if a tab is displayed with 6 or 8 characters but the actual internal representation in memory  One difference I've heard is the use of \r\n (Windows) vs. \n for line termination (Linux). Does Mathematica have a "MATLAB Builder" equivalent? Change ViewPager animation duration when sliding programmatically Legendre symbol, second supplementary law $$\left(\frac{2}{p}\right) = (-1)^{(p^2-1)/8}$$ how did they get the exponent. May be from Gauss lemma, but how.  Suppose we have a = 2 and p = 11. Then n = 3 (6,8,10), but not  $$15 = (11^2-1)/8$$  n is a way to compute Legendre symbols from Gauss lemma: $$\left(\frac{a}{p}\right) = (-1)^n$$ Google Spreadsheets: IF not working I have problems with my IF command in Google Sheets. If gives #ERROR! all the time. See this simple test:    Not even if I put in the number directly and avoid references:    Am I using the IF wrong? Or what could such a problem be? This example is from a new document. Every cyclic group with order > 2 has at least 2 distinct generators Every cyclic group with order > 2 has at least 2 distinct generators   Here's what I've got so far:  Either order of our group, $G$, is finite or infinite.  Suppose infinite: then our group is isomorphic to $\mathbb Z$ under addition. This group has two distinct generators, therefore so does $G$.  Suppose finite: Then $G$ is isomorphic to $\mathbb Z_n$ under addition modulo $n$.  We know order of $G$ is $\geqslant 3$. If order of $G$ is odd, both 1 and 2 are generators of $\mathbb Z_n$ under addition modulo $n$, so $G$ has at least two generators.  If order of $G$ is even, then both 1 and some odd number between 1 and $n$ are generators. How do we determine this odd number?  Does this look like I'm on the right track? Suppose a vibrating fork exerts force to the air particles to compress which leads to the increase of internal energy (heat).This heat or energy given by the fork is given to the next layer of air and in this way, this energy makes sound. But if it was so, it will be isothermal. And Laplace told it was adiabatic. How can it be? I am confused. The heat energy infact is the energy given by the fork. If it is adiabatic, how can the air pass this energy ? How to do string formatting with placeholders in Java (like in Python)? Can you give me an example of a function which is sequentially continuous but not continuous? (I know that in first-countable spaces this is equivalent, but what about in spaces without this condition?)  Thank you :) How does "Reputation" work? Variablity in cv.glmnet results I am using cv.glmnet to find predictors. The setup I use is as follows:  lassoResults&lt;-cv.glmnet(x=countDiffs,y=responseDiffs,alpha=1,nfolds=cvfold) bestlambda&lt;-lassoResults$lambda.min  results&lt;-predict(lassoResults,s=bestlambda,type="coefficients")  choicePred&lt;-rownames(results)[which(results !=0)]   To make sure the results are reproducible I set.seed(1). The results are highly variable. I ran the exact same code 100 times to see how variable the results were. In the 98/100 runs had one particular predictor always selected (sometimes just on its own); other predictors were selected (co-efficient was non-zero) usually 50/100 times.  So it tells me that each time the cross-validation is running it's going to probably select a different best lambda, because of the initial randomization of the folds matter. Others have seen this problem () but there isn't a suggested solution.  I am thinking that maybe that one which shows up 98/100 is probably pretty highly correlated to all the others? The results do stabilize if I just run LOOCV ($\text{fold-size} = n$), but I am curious why they are so variable when $\text{nfold} &lt; n$. A theorem about Cesàro mean, related to Stolz-Cesàro theorem Original Title: Tauberian theorems and Cesàro sum  Theorem (Landau-Hardy, From Rudin's Principle of Mathematical Analysis Exercise 3.14)  $\newcommand\abs[1]{\left\lvert#1\right\rvert}$ If $\{s_n\}$ is a complex sequence, define its arithmetic means $\sigma_n$ by $$\sigma_n=\frac{s_0+s_1+\dotsb+s_n}{n+1}\qquad(n=0,1,2,\dotsc)$$ Put $a_n=s_n-s_{n-1}$ for $n\ge1$. Assume $M&lt;+\infty$ and $\abs{na_n}\le M$ for all $n$, and $\lim_{n\to\infty}\sigma_n=\sigma$, then $\lim_{n\to\infty}s_n=\sigma$.  The outline of the proof  If $m&lt;n$, then $$s_n-\sigma_n=\frac{m+1}{n-m}(\sigma_n-\sigma_m)+\frac1{n-m}\sum_{k=m+1}^n(s_n-s_k)\tag{*}$$ Notice that $\abs{s_n-s_k}\le(n-m-1)M\,/\,(m+2)$, fix $\epsilon&gt;0$ and associate with each $n$ the integer $m$ that satisfies $$m\le\frac{n-\epsilon}{1+\epsilon}&lt;m+1$$ Then $(m+1)\,/\,(n-m)\le1/\epsilon$ and $\abs{s_n-s_k}&lt;M\epsilon$. Hence $$\limsup_{n\to\infty}\,\abs{s_n-\sigma}\le M\epsilon$$  Questions and thoughts  It seems that the equation (*) comes out strangely. I wonder how to discover such kind of strange identities. So is there any observation, even deeper, to look through that equation?  Thanks! I use Firefox 35.0 on my Macbook to access Stack Exchange. Recently whenever I access a message or Community site, the "spinning circle" indicating activity starts, and never stops. This doesn't seem to happen on other non-Stack Exchange sites.  Has there been any change to the SE code which may have caused this.    The Web Developer Console shows  The connection to ws://qa.sockets.stackexchange.com/ was interrupted while the page was loading. full.en.js:1 Use of getPreventDefault() is deprecated.  Use defaultPrevented instead. jquery.min.js:3 I am designing a hobby project that will run on a battery so I am trying to reduce power consumption. The SoC I am using has the ability to go into a deep sleep mode where it consumes very little power, and then can be interrupted by a falling edge on a pin.  I want to generate a high-low-high pulse when the state of a reed switch changes in either direction. I have been reading a lot and it seems that a one-shot monostable circuit can be built from a couple of transistors and an RC circuit to generate an output pulse when an edge is detected. I understand how that works. However, I can't figure out the best way to also pulse on the opposite edge.  One thought, was to just combine two one-shots that are configured to trigger on rising and falling edges respectively, and use the transistors at the output to pull the common pull-up low (kind of like a NOR gate).  Since I am a hobbyist, I am mostly using passive components. What is the "real" way of doing this in a low-power configuration using logic devices?  Edit: I figure I should mention something about the timing requirements. Normally the reed switch will be either open or closed for many seconds at minimum before changing states.  Edit: Here is an example of the circuit I was using for detecting only the falling edge:    And here is the ~20ms pulse it was producing for ~200ms button press simulating the reed switch (Channel 1 is Vbe for T1 and Channel 2 is measured at RST): Conditionals (Past Tense) In terms of conditional sentences, is it correct to say:   if you knew why I WAS here, then I wouldn't need to be here.   or   If you knew why I WERE here, then I wouldn't need to be here.   Which type of conditional is this? Type 2? I was thought at school that there are three types of conditionals. Are there more of them? How should I handle questions which are answered in the comments? Sometimes I have asked a question which got no answers, but is answered in the comments to the question.  How should I handle these questions? I can't accept an answer, so it is never an accepted question.  For example this one:   (ok here the answer in the comments is from me, but nevertheless I also have others of them)