How to round exactly without zeroes for doubles in C
Avoid trailing zeroes in printf()
It is common to see things described as the &quot;gold standard&quot;. It means that something is the best and is the ideal against which other things are to be compared; it cannot be superseded. I often , where a certain diagnostic test (e.g., the nasopharyngeal swab PCR test for infection with the Coronavirus causing COVID-19) is considered the most accurate and then other tests (e.g., cheaper or faster tests) are then evaluated against this benchmark. The etymology is covered in . In short, it is derived from the . Thus gold was the thing against which the value of all other currencies was measured. I don't like this term and would like to avoid using it. First, the desired meaning is not predominant; if you  you will mostly get results for the monetary system, not the more general phrase. Second, the etymology is outdated; the original meaning of the term now has the opposite connotation. The monetary gold standard was abandoned in the 1970s. Economists consider the gold standard to be a bad monetary system. Thus, if you are interested in economics and history, the term &quot;gold standard&quot; actually is associated with being outdated and flawed -- which is close to the opposite of the intended meaning. (Of course, many people are unaware of the original meaning of the term. ) (A note in response to comments: Why I want to avoid this term is relevant, but not essential, to the question. If you don't see a problem with the term, the question can be answered regardless.) My question: Is there a better phrase to use in place of &quot;gold standard&quot;? For example, what term could be used in a medical study comparing a new diagnostic test against the gold standard test? I'm not aware of any good substitute that has essentially the same meaning. Here are two example sentences where I would like a replacement:   A nasal swab is the gold standard for diagnosing COVID-19.     The  served as the gold standard for all scales from 1889 until 2019.   The best substitute I can think of is &quot;official,&quot; as in &quot;a nasal swab is the official way to diagnose COVID-19&quot;. &quot;Official&quot; implies some form of uniqueness. But &quot;official&quot; implies the existence of some authority that gives it this designation (as opposed to scientific consensus). A  asks for a &quot;perhaps humorous&quot; alternative -- the suggestion there, &quot;mother of all&quot;, is not appropriate here. (There is also .)  In response to the answers and comments doubting the premise of this question: I personally have a negative association with the phrase &quot;gold standard&quot; because I know people who advocate for returning to the gold standard or its modern equivalent, , and have discussed the topic at length. Several  US  continue to advocate for a return to the gold standard. Thus asserting that no one will interpret the phrase in terms of monetary policy is simply not convincing. In CSS what is the difference between "." and "#" when declaring a set of styles? What is the difference between # and . when declaring a set of styles for an element and what are the semantics that come into play when deciding which one to use? Extract all string from a java project Deleting a comment (mine) shouldn't count as a comment vote I had an old question that I revisited in order to link it in a new answer. I noticed that in the comments Steven A Lowe had a funny comment that I -- at the time -- had responded to with "why can't I upvote comments?"  Well, of course, now I can.  So, I voted Steven's comment up then went to delete mine. I got the warning box that I can only submit comment votes once every 5 seconds. This seems like a bug to me. Deleting is not the same as voting. "Home page" or "homepage"? Is there a convention for the spelling of the name of the main page of a website? Should it be home page, with a space between the two words; or homepage, all one word? Today, when looking up the definitions of the phrasal verb "take sth up", I noticed that one of them was written like this: "to start or begin something such as a job." For the first time I realised that probably "start" and "begin" don't exactly mean the same thing.So the question is what the difference is between the two, and if there are cases when they mean exactly the same thing. When you click on the Opportunities tab, (assuming you haven't modified standard salesforce layout), you see a "Recent Opportunities" list. At the top of the list, there is a "New" button.     Is there a way to hide the "New" button displayed on this page? I have tried disabling the button on the "Opportunity List View" Search Layout[Setup -> App Setup -> Opportunities -> Search Layouts], but it does not remove the button from this particular view. Problem: Evaluate $$ L=\displaystyle \lim_{n \to \infty} \frac{1}{n} \sum_{k=1}^{n} \left(  \left\lfloor \frac{2n}{k} \right\rfloor -2\left\lfloor \frac{n}{k}\right \rfloor \right).$$  Please help me with this one.  I tried using the sandwich theorem by first constructing the following  $$ 2 \geq \left\lfloor \frac{2n}{k} \right\rfloor -2\left\lfloor \frac{n}{k} \right\rfloor \geq -1 $$ and then summing over. But the limit of the two bounds are different so sandwich theorem doesn't help!. Is it possible to construct sharper bounds?  Also I observed that if we ignore question of continuity, etc. then we can write,  $L= \displaystyle \int ^{1}_{0}\left\lfloor \frac{2}{x} \right\rfloor -2\left\lfloor \frac{1}{x} \right\rfloor dx$  Now I am able to compute the above integral. But is the above process correct? If then how can make it rigorous? Or if any other approach is possible, please tell. Finding singularities of a complex function and the respective residues Consider the function,   $$f(z) = \frac{\sin(\frac{1}{z})}{z^2+a^2} \text{ where } a&gt;0$$  I know that this has two simple poles at $z = \pm ia$ and an essential singularity at $z = 0$ because of $\sin(\frac{1}{z})$ in the numerator. For $\operatorname{Res}(f,ia)$ and $\operatorname{Res}(f,-ia)$, it is relatively easy to find the these values using   $$a_{-1} = \lim_{z\rightarrow z_0} ((z-z_0)f(z))$$  However, I am finding it much more difficult to determine the residue at an essential singularity.  From what I have read, it seems that the easiest way to determine the residue is to explicitly find the Laurent Expansion and then get it from there. Would this be the case for this function as well? Testing random number generation I have a program which generates random numbers. How can I test if the random number generator is generating actual random numbers? Im trying to run the following code as a powershell script,but I cant get it to work. 1st,the following works with one -Include item but I cant seem to get it to work with multiple ones. 2nd, the -Exclude perimeter doesn't seem to work. I still get files from the C:\Windows and C:\Program Files directorys .  $Include = "*.zip","*.rar","*.tar","*.7zip" $exclude = "C:\Windows","C:\Program Files" Get-ChildItem "C:\" -Include $Include -Exclude $Exclude -Recurse -Force -ErrorAction silentlycontinue | Select-Object -ExpandProperty FullName   Note: The purpose of this script is to find all compressed files on the system. I know this is probably really simple but I just cant seem to get it to work. How can I render a VisualForce Page as PDF and have a button on the page that saves this PDF as an attachment to a record?  I want to have a button on my object detail page, 'Generate PDF' which will open a VisualForce Page for preview. On the Preview page I need a button to Save or Save and Email this PDF.  Edit - I use the professional edition + API enabled, so I cannot write a controller but maybe replace that with ajax toolkit?   Is that doable? I recently upgraded my computer's RAM to 4&nbsp;GB. My 32-bit Windows installation shows only 3574&nbsp;MB of the memory. How can I make Windows use the full amount of RAM? Why does a 12V 2A adapter measure only 0.358A on a multimeter? I assume that the multimeter should read 2A, why is it only 0.358A? If this is how it is supposed to be, why? If I add a load, how do I measure that this load is being drawn, does the multimeter need to be in series? Two columns with different background color and height of whole page I want to create page with two columns with different background color and height of whole page. What I was able to do is two columns with different background color but I can't set proper height and there is small gap between two columns and another gap between top of the page and top of the columns. I want to remove these gaps. Also I want to create vertical line between two columns. Right now I have minipages packed inside \colorbox which allows me to create all four borders but I only want one.   Final effect should look like this:    This is what I figured out for now:  \documentclass{article} \usepackage{blindtext} \usepackage{xcolor} \usepackage{geometry} \geometry{margin=0in}  \begin{document} \noindent \fcolorbox{black}{red}{ \begin{minipage}{.3\textwidth}   test \end{minipage} } \fcolorbox{yellow}{yellow}{ \begin{minipage}{.7\textwidth}   test \end{minipage} } \end{document} How to add a confirm dialog to a command button? What should be taken into consideration when mixing fluxx sets?   I played a game of Stoner and Zombie fluxx mixed the other day, and I found it super fun. It add variance to the theming, and especially with the Stoner fluxx (if you're playing with the, ahem, special rules) and stretches it out.   What are the potential pitfalls of mixing sets, and what else should be taken into consideration? How do I correctly clone a JavaScript object? I have an object x. I'd like to copy it as object y, such that changes to y do not modify x. I realized that copying objects derived from built-in JavaScript objects will result in extra, unwanted properties. This isn't a problem, since I'm copying one of my own literal-constructed objects.  How do I correctly clone a JavaScript object? Cylindrical vs azimuthal symmetry What is the difference between cylindrical and azimuthal symmetry, are they the same? I have not been able to find a clear explanation of these terms wrt. a cylinder. I need to know which length I should integrate over to solve the problem below.  A cylinder of radius $R$ and length $L$ has a cylindrically symmetric volume charge density of $\rho(x)$. Calculate the total charge on the cylinder. Entering the Schengen area 12 days before my visa expires I have a Vietnamese passport. I'm planning to visit Vietnam on July 7th and be back in the Czech Republic (in Schengen area) on August 29th. My visa is a multiple-entry, long-term, D type visa (for study purposes) and the expiration date is September 10th. I am afraid that the boarding officer will not allow me to enter EU since the arrival is so close to the expiration date.   Is it OK for me to enter Schengen on August 29th when I have only 12 days left until visa expiration?