Is Gandalf really to blame for Sauron's return?
Would the One Ring have stayed hidden if Bilbo hadn't turned up?
Sentence vs proposition I'm reflecting upon the distinction between a sentence and a proposition in logic and philosophy. I knew that a proposition is the meaning of a declarative sentence (i.e. the abstract content of a declarative sentence, the bearer of truth-value), whereas a sentence is simply a group of words (symbols, signs) ordered according to some grammatical rule in any natural or artificial language. A sentence isn't necessarily meaningful.   According to these definitions, you could say hat a predicate like "is interesting" is a sentence. Of course a sentence like "is interesting" wouldn't express a proposition, but still, it would be a sentence. This seemed ok to me until I remembered that propositional logic is sometimes called sentential logic. But then you cannot say that "is interesting" is a sentence, because it certainly isn't a sentence in the sense of sentential logic! As a result, I'm getting confused about what a sentence is according to sentential logic.   Can someone help? Python Argument Binders How can I bind arguments to a Python method to store a nullary functor for later invocation?  Similar to C++'s boost::bind.  For example:  def add(x, y):     return x + y  add_5 = magic_function(add, 5) assert add_5(3) == 8 What do I know, when deciding whether to cast Counterspell? I'm not entirely clear on how Counterspell works, when trying to counter higher-level spells: the CS description only talks about disrupting a creature you can see, within 60 feet, casting a spell.   However, when trying to counter a higher level spell:   Do I know what spell is being cast?  Do I at least know (somehow intuit, based on VSM components) the level of the spell? Or can I tell the spell/level of the spell by sensing a disturbance in The Weave? (I.e., if the spell is being cast using Subtle Spell, can I still tell what's going on?)   The point of the question is to determine how fruitful CS can be in combat--if I know what the other guy/gal is casting (or at least the level), I can decide whether I want to spend my L8 slot to counter his/her L8 slot. But if I have no idea, and I end up using a L8 slot to counter a L3 spell... seems a bit painful.  Hope this made sense! What is the recommended CIDR when creating VPC on AWS? I have been creating AWS VPCs and I am wondering if there is a recommended CIDR value when creating VPCs. What are the factors that I must consider when choosing a CIDR and does the CIDR value affect the performance of the network? I have installed a vlc in centos 6.5. I want to run it as root. But I get the following error,      "VLC is not supposed to be run as root. Sorry. If you need to use   real-time priorities and/or privileged TCP ports you can use   vlc-wrapper (make sure it is Set-UID root and cannot be run by   non-trusted users first)." Bundling python library with addon I'm making an add-on that uses the websocket library from python. Is there a way to include it in the add-on .zip file? Or do I have to add it to the site packages folder in blenders included python folder? I studied the theoretical part about the Gravitational waves in General Relativity (linearization of gravity and small perturbations of the metric and so on).  But I was wondering about: since electromagnetic radiation is composed/carried by Photons (or better:the EM force), shall gravitational waves be composed/carried by Gravitons?   In the end:do gravitational waves imply the existence of gravitons? Or it's something unrelated and off topic? I need to show that $\sqrt{2}$, $\sqrt{2+\sqrt{2}}$, $\sqrt{2+\sqrt{2+\sqrt{2}}},\ldots$ converges and find the limit.   I started by defining the sequence by $x_1=\sqrt{2}$ and then $x_{n+1}=\sqrt{2+x_n}$. Then I proved by induction that the sequence is increasing and that it is bounded. Then I use the Monotone Convergence Theorem to prove that it converges.  Now, I claim that the limit of the sequence is $2$. So I need to show that for all $\epsilon&gt;0$, there exists $N$ such that for all $n\geq N$ we have $|x_n-2| &lt; \epsilon$. This is kind of where I'm stuck. I don't know how to proceed to prove the convergence to $2$. how to get a picklist all values in apex controller Computing $\int_{-\infty}^\infty \frac{\sin x}{x} \mathrm{d}x$ with residue calculus How to create meaningful relationships with NPCs How do I help the PCs to create meaningful relationships with NPCs?   Maybe it is a result of my group playing too many one-dimensional adventures trying to find whatever MacGuffin they are after each week, but most of the time my PCs don't tend to value NPCs too much. Every time they meet an NPC they quickly evaluate what immediate values the NPC can give or tend to ignore them.  What I would really like is to have some good relationships where the PCs actually go out of their way to help NPCs without selfish motivation or even just to try to think of NPCs more and how their actions affect others.  I am not looking for a specific game rules solution to this, but instead techniques to get the players to feel attachment to these fictional characters. What does a two overlapping circles symbol mean in an electrical schematic/diagram? Why is plain-hash-then-encrypt not a secure MAC? Large snap packages because of dependencies I've recently run into many questions where to author asks several related questions in one post, many of them asked before.   I'm wondering what out policy is on such questions:   Should I vote-close them as being not constructive? Should I vote-close them as duplicates? Should I leave them be? Or even suggest an answer?    - Each of the questions: Waiting for an AJAX request with selenium, and headless browsing in selenium have been asked here before, but he asked both in one.  I've done my best to search for similar questions here in meta but I was unable to find any, reading appreciated. Substituting table salt or sea salt for kosher salt? The roasted chicken recipe I'm following of course calls for kosher salt, but I don't have any, and getting some is out of the question.  I have sea salt and table salt on hand.  Can I substitute one of those instead, and if so, what is the proper ratio of the kosher salt the recipe calls for to either sea salt or table salt? Ways to go from A to B(proof) Integer squares of the form $x^4+x^3+x^2+x+1$ I want to solve ${y^2}=x^4+x^3+x^2+x+1$ in $\mathbb{Z}$.    I can find four solutions. Is there another solution? I know that there are six solutions. $$(-1, \pm 1)\;,\;(0, \pm 1).$$  My try: \begin{align}   &amp; x^4+x^3+x^2+x+1=0\quad \Rightarrow \underbrace{\left( x+\frac{1}{x} \right)^2}_{t^2}+\underbrace{\left( x+\frac{1}{x} \right)}_{t}-1=0\,\Rightarrow t\notin \mathbb{Z} \\   &amp; x^4+x^3+x^2+x+1={\pm 1}^2\quad\Rightarrow \,x=-1\,\,,\,x=0.\\  \end{align}   Thanks. So I really like the tag cloud on Climate Deal. Is there anyway we could get something similar to this on StackOverflow? I don't necessarily mean that we should replace the interesting/ignored tags with this but something like this on the front page would be nice. $ df -kh Filesystem      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on udev            7,8G     0  7,8G   0% /dev tmpfs           1,6G   19M  1,6G   2% /run /dev/sda2       622G  227G  364G  39% / tmpfs           7,8G  1,1G  6,7G  14% /dev/shm tmpfs           5,0M  4,0K  5,0M   1% /run/lock tmpfs           7,8G     0  7,8G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup /dev/loop1      143M  143M     0 100% /snap/inkscape/2527 /dev/loop3       79M   79M     0 100% /snap/core/1441 /dev/loop0       79M   79M     0 100% /snap/core/1577 /dev/loop4       79M   79M     0 100% /snap/core/1512 /dev/loop2       62M   62M     0 100% /snap/pencilsheep/5 tmpfs           1,6G   92K  1,6G   1% /run/user/1000   What are these /dev/loop device files? My RAM is always full. Is this related?