I'm using Window 10 Japanese OS. I would like to change the settings (menus etc.) of QGIS 3.0.1 from the default Japanese into English. I tried below but it wouldn't work.
I have windows 7 in Arabic. Now I dowloaded QGIS 2.14.3-2 in French.  But when I installed it shows Arabic menu/tools...  How can I change the menu language to French?
What is the difference between Unix, Linux, BSD and GNU? What is the very fundamental difference between Unix, Linux, BSD and GNU?  Unix was the earliest OS, so the term 'Unix like' is understandable, since they have kernel, file system structure, most of the commands, users etc are same as Unix.  Still why are they different? What made them set apart? Is it the kernel? Overload a C++ function according to the return value Tags are not showing up on the right side of the screen This is on Stack Overflow. On Meta I'm able to see what the tags are on the right side of the screen. In fact, I think yesterday or some point earlier today I saw tags on the right side of the screen (I can't screenshot or remember correctly).  It's right above the asked and active heading.  I know this is minor but what happened to it? It might be useful for browsing instead of having to look at the bottom of the question post.    Found an image on Google and it shows the tags on the right side of the screen: I'm preparing a new template for our students' projects based on memoir. All this projects are supervised (directed) by one or more professors so I would like to declare a command like \author but called \director.   This way the student can declare \director{My professor} and the template will place and format the name.   I would like to be like \author and not just a simple \newcommand because it can include affiliation, several names, etc.  I don't know where is \author declared, where should I look? Google translate exclude words Multiplicative inverse questions This is my first time posting on Math exchange. I have been self-teaching myself Mathematics and recently started learning some Algebra. I was posed the following questions, in which I would like to answer before I proceed, but having some trouble finding proper solutions. So the format will be question, and my answer.      What name do we give an element $a \in \mathbb{Z}_n$ that has a multiplicative inverse?   A modular multiplicative inverse of an integer $a$ is an integer $x$ such that $ax \cong 1 (\mod m)$. This means that the remainder after dividing $ax$ by integer $m$ is equal to $1$.      Give an example, for some $n \in \mathbb{N}$, of an element of $\mathbb{Z}_n$, that does not have a multiplicative inverse?   This question is throwing me off because - does the $n$ we speak of matter for both $n \in \mathbb{N}$ and $\mathbb{Z}_n$ ot solely $n$? My guess here would be $0$ because we cannot have an inverse of $0$.      Prove that multiplicative inverse are unique; an element $a \in \mathbb{Z}_n$ cannot have two multiplicative inverses.    Suppose that an element $a\in\mathbb{Z}_n$ has an inverse $a'$. Next, suppose that $a^*$ is also an inverse of $a$. Then, $a'$ is a solution to $a \cdot_n x=1$, and similarly $a^*$ has a solution to $a \cdot_n x=1$.   Lemma: Suppose $a'$ is multiplicative inverse of $a$ in $\mathbb{Z}_n$, then for any $b \in \mathbb{Z}_n$ the equation $a \cdot_n x=b$ has a unique solution, such that $x = a' \cdot_n b$.   By Lemma, equation $a \cdot_n x = 1$ has a unique solution, namely $x=a'=a^*$. Therefore, an element $a\in \mathbb{Z}_n$ cannot have two multiplicative inverses.    Thank you for the help. I would love any constructive feedback for these. If you can help me elaborate on some ideas, that would be really helpful also.  Thank you very much! How can I count unique selections from multiple selections in a drop down list (Excel) I would like to count the number of unique selections from a column that contains multiple selections from a drop down list.  For example, column B3 contains,     Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday   The count function returns a value of 1 instead of 3 - is there any way to count the three days distinctly? Thank you!  Multiple selections from a drop down list was made possible using the VBA code from: How to Prevent the System.QueryException I am getting "Error System.QueryException: List has no rows for assignment to SObject".   Line 1: Account ac = [select id from Account where name='testaccount' limit 1] Line 2: if(ac != null) {           //do something         }   I got the above error in line 2 if there is no record.   Any help? Animations about a young man pulled into a fantasy setting with dragons? I'm looking for an animation (more likely a film not a series) that I watched as a kid, watched early 90's I'm sure it contained a book loving male main character (wears glasses might have even had an amulet) who gets pulled into a fantasy via a magic book  Setting with dragons and an evil wizard, I remember it being on TV as I never had it on VHS.  Same sort of animation technique as visionaries or thundercats.  Thanks. Why are the solutions of polynomial equations so unconstrained over the quaternions? Comprehensive book on group theory for physicists? I am looking for a good source on group theory aimed at physicists. I'd prefer one with a good general introduction to group theory, not just focusing on Lie groups or crystal groups but one that covers "all" the basics, and then, in addition, talks about the specific subjects of group theory relevant to physicists, i.e. also some stuff on representations etc.  Is Wigner's text a good way to start? I guess it's a "classic", but I fear that its notation might be a bit outdated? Combinatorial proof of summation of $\sum\limits_{k = 0}^n {n \choose k}^2= {2n \choose n}$ I was hoping to find a more "mathematical" proof, instead of proving logically $\displaystyle \sum_{k = 0}^n {n \choose k}^2= {2n \choose n}$.  I already know the logical Proof:  $${n \choose k}^2 = {n \choose k}{ n \choose n-k}$$  Hence summation can be expressed as:  $$\binom{n}{0}\binom{n}{n} + \binom{n}{1}\binom{n}{n-1} + \cdots + \binom{n}{n}\binom{n}{0}$$  One can think of it as choosing $n$ people from a group of $2n$  (imagine dividing a group of $2n$ into $2$ groups of $n$ people each. I can get $k$ people from group $1$ and another $n-k$ people from group $2$. We do this from $k = 0$ to $n$. Modelling the "Moving Sofa" I believe that many of you know about the moving sofa problem; if not you can find the description of the problem .     In this question I am going to rotate the L shaped hall instead of moving a sofa around the corner. By rotating the hall $180^{\circ}$ what remains between the walls will give the shape of the sofa. Like this:    The points on the hall have the following properties:  \begin{eqnarray} A &amp; = &amp; \left( r\cos { \alpha  } ,t\sin { \alpha  }  \right)  \\ { A }' &amp; = &amp; \left( r\cos { \alpha  } +\sqrt { 2 } \cos { \left( \frac { \pi  }{ 4 } +\frac { \alpha  }{ 2 }  \right)  } ,t\sin { \alpha  } +\sqrt { 2 } \sin { \left( \frac { \pi  }{ 4 } +\frac { \alpha  }{ 2 }  \right)  }  \right)  \\ { B } &amp; = &amp; \left( r\cos { \alpha  } -\frac { t\sin { \alpha  }  }{ \tan { \left( \frac { \alpha  }{ 2 }  \right)  }  } ,0 \right)  \\ { B }' &amp; = &amp; \left( r\cos { \alpha  } -\frac { t\sin { \alpha  }  }{ \tan { \left( \frac { \alpha  }{ 2 }  \right)  }  } -\frac { 1 }{ \sin { \left( \frac { \alpha  }{ 2 }  \right)  }  } ,0 \right)  \\ C &amp; = &amp; \left( r\cos { \alpha  } +t\sin { \alpha  } \tan { \left( \frac { \alpha  }{ 2 }  \right)  } ,0 \right)  \\ { C }' &amp; = &amp; \left( r\cos { \alpha  } +t\sin { \alpha  } \tan { \left( \frac { \alpha  }{ 2 }  \right)  } +\frac { 1 }{ \cos { \left( \frac { \alpha  }{ 2 }  \right)  }  } ,0 \right)  \end{eqnarray}  Attention: $\alpha$ is not the angle of $AOC$, it is some angle $ADC$ where $D$ changes location on $x$ axis for $r\neq t$. I am saying this because images can create confusion. Anyways I will change them as soon as possible.  I could consider $r=f(\alpha)$ and $t=g(\alpha)$ but for this question I am going to take $r$ and $t$ as constants. If they were functions of $\alpha$ there would appear some interesting shapes. I experimented for different functions however the areas are more difficult to calculate, that's why I am not going to share. Maybe in the future.  We rotate the hall for $r=t$ in the example above: In this case:   point A moves on a semicircle  The envelope of lines between A' and C' is a circular arc. One has to prove this but I assume that it is true for $r=t$.   If my second assumption is correct the area of sofa is $A= 2r-\frac { \pi r^{ 2 } }{ 2 } +\frac { \pi  }{ 2 } $. The maximum area is reached when $r = 2/\pi$ and it's value is: $$A = 2/\pi+\pi/2 = 2,207416099$$  which matches with Hammersley's sofa. The shape is also similar or same:    Now I am going to increase $t$ with respect to $r$. For $r=2/\pi$ and $t=0.77$:    Well, this looks like .   I believe thearea can be maximized by finding the equations of envelopes above and below the sofa. Look at  where @Aretino has computed the area below $ABC$.   I don't know enough to find equations for envelopes. I am afraid that I will make mistakes. I considered to calculate area by counting number of pixels in it, but this is not a good idea because for optimizing the area I have to create many images.  I will give a bounty of 200 for whom calculates the maximum area. As I said the most difficult part of the problem is to find equations of envelopes. @Aretino did it.  PLUS: Could following be the longest sofa where $(r,t)=((\sqrt 5+1)/2,1)$ ?   If you want to investigate further or use animation for educational purposes here is the Geogebra file:      Ok, I had some free time and I count number of pixels in the sofa and I am sure that I have something bigger than Hammersley's constant.  First, I made a simulation for Hammersley's sofa where $r=t=2/\pi$ and exported the image to png in 300 dpi (6484x3342 pixels) and using Gimp counted number of pixels which have exactly same value. For Hammersley I got $3039086$ pixels.   For the second case $r=0.59$ and $t=0.66$ and I got $3052780$ pixels. To calculate area for this case:  $$\frac{3052780}{3039086}(2/\pi + \pi/2)=2.217362628$$  which is slightly less than Gerver's constant which is $2.2195$. Here is the sofa: Computation of a limit involving factorial $\lim_{n \to \infty} \sqrt[n+1] {(n+1)!} - \sqrt[n] {(n)!} = \frac{1}{e}$ Uses of the 'Golden Ratio' I have heard much about the numerous appearances of the ratio found in nature: 1.6180339887.  Are there any actual mathematical uses that have been found of this number? What are its advantages? Just curiosity, really. How to use maths symbols in text mode? I try to add a center dot with \circ but it fails to compile. How to use maths symbol in text mode? The error message is   ovak, slovenian, spanish, swedish, turkish, turkmen, ukrainian, uppersorbian,  welsh, loaded. (/usr/local/texlive/2012/texmf-dist/tex/latex/base/article.cls Document Class: article 2007/10/19 v1.4h Standard LaTeX document class (/usr/local/texlive/2012/texmf-dist/tex/latex/base/size10.clo)) (./untitled-1.aux) ! Missing $ inserted. &lt;inserted text&gt;              $ HTML favicon won't show on google chrome Why won't my villagers breed I have created the following structure. The intention is to create fairly compact houses for villager breeding.   This is a section of the houses.   I have 2 of these structures, which would resolve to 28 doors and 4 other types of houses meaning I have 32 houses in total. healed healed 3 villager zombies and locked them inside a small house. One of them sometimes shows hearts, but they won't breed.   I am playing vanilla Minecraft 1.8. The doors are spruce.  What is wrong with these houses? Is there something wrong with spruce doors or half slab roofs? Like most Python developers, I typically keep a console window open with the Python interpreter running to test commands, dir() stuff, help() stuff, etc.  Like any console, after a while the visible backlog of past commands and prints gets to be cluttered, and sometimes confusing when re-running the same command several times.  I'm wondering if, and how, to clear the Python interpreter console.  I've heard about doing a system call and either calling cls on Windows or clear on Linux, but I was hoping there was something I could command the interpreter itself to do.  Note: I'm running on Windows, so Ctrl+L doesn't work. "Taste" is to "flavor" as "touch" and "sight" are to what? For the senses, we have:    flavor for taste aroma/odor/scent for smell sound for hearing ____? for touch/feel ____? for sight/see   So one tastes a flavor, smells an aroma, hears a sound, feels a(n) _____, and sees a(n) _____. For the former, part of me wants to say texture, but I feel that is too specific; for the latter, I want to use visual or sight, but but does that make sense, seeing a visual or a sight?