I got a tarball (let's say t.tar.gz) that contains the following files  ./a/a.txt ./b/b.txt    where ./b/b.txt is a hard link to ./a/a.txt.  I want to unpack the tarball on a network file system (AFS) that only supports hard links in the same directory (see ). Therefore, just unpacking it via tar -xzf t.tar.gz raises an error that the hard link ./b/b.txt cannot be created.  So far, my solution to the problem was to unpack ./t.tar.gz on a file system that supports ordinary hard links. Then pack it again with the option --hard-dereference as  proposes. And lastly, unpack that new tarball into the AFS.  As this is unsatisfactory for me, I'm asking if there is an easier way to get the content of the archive unpacked directly to it's final destination? Such as an equivalent option to --hard-dereference for unpacking instead of archiving?
If I have a tar file, bob.tar, which contains real_file and link_to_real_file, in which the latter is a symlink, is there a way to extract the contents of bob.tar so that link_to_real_file will not be a symlink, but be a copy of real_file.    I know this is indeed possible on the creation side, if I use the -h flag.    The command tar -cvhf bob.tar real_file link_to_real_file will dereference link_to_real_file, but I want to do this on the extraction side regardless of how the tar file was created.
I've already read The Hobbit and The Lord of the Rings, which I assume would be the best start in any case. I also got about halfway through The Silmarillion several years ago and am quite familiar with the legendarium as a whole, but for the sake of argument let's assume I'm starting from scratch.  What is the best order for a budding scholar of Middle-earth to read Tolkien's books? Or does it even matter once you've covered the core novels? Chronological order clearly isn't the most logical approach here, and even publication date isn't necessarily best.   The Hobbit The Lord of the Rings The Silmarillion The Children of Hurin The History of Middle-earth Unfinished Tales The Letters of J.R.R. Tolkien Anything else   Note: After asking this question I found  on Reddit. It covers even more material and in more detail than my original question or any answers here. I have tried some of the solutions posted elsewhere in the support forum, one seemed like it worked but after a steam update i found myself back at square one  I am a new Linux user and am already at a learning curve :)  Thanks for any help  Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree        Reading state information... Done Some packages could not be installed. This may mean that you have requested an impossible situation or if you are using the unstable distribution that some required packages have not yet been created or been moved out of Incoming. The following information may help to resolve the situation:  The following packages have unmet dependencies:  libgl1-mesa-glx:i386 : Depends: libglapi-mesa:i386 (= 10.1.3-0ubuntu0.3)  unity-control-center : Depends: libcheese-gtk23 (&gt;= 3.4.0) but it is not going to be installed                         Depends: libcheese7 (&gt;= 3.0.1) but it is not going to be installed E: Error, pkgProblemResolver::Resolve generated breaks, this may be caused by held packages. Press return to continue: How does IPv4 Subnetting Work? This is a  about IPv4 Subnets.      Related:               How does Subnetting Work, and How do you do it by hand or in your head?  Can someone explain both conceptually and with several examples? Server Fault gets lots of subnetting homework questions, so we could use an answer to point them to on Server Fault itself.   If I have a network, how do I figure out how to split it up? If I am given a netmask, how do I know what the network Range is for it? Sometimes there is a slash followed by a number, what is that number? Sometimes there is a subnet mask, but also a wildcard mask, they seem like the same thing but they are different? Someone mentioned something about knowing binary for this? Energy-Momentum Tensor in QFT vs. GR Live notification shown for own edits When editing an answer, the &quot;new revision&quot; message is shown for a short moment. This makes no sense because the revision you just created is automatically displayed anyway. How to uncompress separated tgz files? I am receiving this error message when I'm trying to uncompress a .tgz archive:  $ tar -zxvf OVM_EL5U3_X86_EBIZ12.1.1_DB_VIS_PVM.tgz.1 gzip: stdin: not in gzip format tar: Child returned status 1 tar: Error is not recoverable: exiting now   As you can see, the file name ends with .tgz.1.  When the file name is .tgz.0 it will be uncompressed with no error by the tar -zxvf command. Exact Duplicate:        I was reading an article on MSDN where I found a mention to google-fu. It says, “To search for C++ delimeters and code snippets is going to take a little Google-fu on the reader's part.” what does google-fu mean? Which are the spec bits in this cache? A couple of weeks ago I was travelling in a car (120 km/h approximately) and I saw a  flying in front of me (inside the car, near my nose, windows closed). I wonder how was that possible.   Does it mean is really flying at 120 km/h or the fly is being affected by some kind of gravity/force? /ə/ in a stressed syllable? According to , the schwa /ə/ doesn't occur in stressed syllables. But , Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary and Longman Pronunciation Dictionary say otherwise: the word "because" has been variously transcribed as /bɪˈkəz/ or /bəˈkəz/. So in which source should I believe? Or is there any error in transcription going on here? Or is "because" the only exception? And are there others? I have a question about something I'm wondering about. I've read somewhere that L'Hopitals rule can also be applied to complex functions, when they are analytic. So if have for instance:  $$ \lim_{z \rightarrow 0} \frac{\log(1+z)}{z} \stackrel{?}{=} \lim_{z \rightarrow 0} \frac{1}{(1+z)} = 1 $$  Now i'm wondering if this is correct? Also if we take $|z|&lt;1$, is it then correct?  Thanks, Let $a$ and $b$ be positive reals. Show that $$\lim\limits_{n\to\infty} \left(\frac{a^{\frac{1}{n}}+b^{\frac{1}{n}}}{2}\right)^n =\sqrt{ab}$$ I do love to listen to music while watching text YouTube videos, but I can't because YouTube can't be muted.  I use the respect audio focus in  Music Player.  I have tried App Volume Control but it did nothing! Error term in equally spaced nodes What are the convergent sequences in the cofinite topology I consider the co-finite topology on $\mathbb{R}$ that is $$\{G\subset \mathbb{R}, card(\mathbb{R}\setminus G)&lt;+\infty\}\cup \{\emptyset\}$$  What are the convergent sequences in this space .  thank you The problem is, it seems when I enable a disabled module, the module's schema version in the system table is automatically updated to the latest version supplied by hook_update_N.  So my current module with the schema version -1 is modified to 7106 when I enable the module, and no hook_update_N functions are run.   So when I come to the next step of running database updates, no hook_update_N functions are run because the module thinks it's already the correct version.  The only method I can see is to manually set the module version in hook_enable, however I'll then need to update the module code to remove the hook_enable to make sure it doesn't run if the module is ever re-enabled in the future, so obviously this approach is a bit dirty.  I'm hoping there's a better solution? Countable union of countable sets(ZF) Can you lookup a domains past nameserver & mx record history? Normal subgroups of $S_4$ Can anyone tell me how to find all normal subgroups of the symmetric group $S_4$?  In particular are $H=\{e,(1 2)(3 4)\}$ and $K=\{e,(1 2)(3 4), (1 3)(2 4),(1 4)(2 3)\}$ normal subgroups? What do you call a person who is your friend only because you benefit them? Looking for a word to describe a person who only makes friends to benefit themselves.