We are using geoserver (2.3) to serve WMS map tiles generated from mapping data we licenced. We use leaflet on the client side to show the map (part of a ruby on rails site running on heroku). Because of the licence of the mapping data, we should not allow anybody to use these map tiles, it should be only accessible by our users when they are using the map on our website.  Is there any way to avoid somebody just taking the WMS URL from our javascript code and using it on another site? Or bulk downloading all the map tiles?  We can configure the geoserver to require username/password or certificate, but then we would need to expose it to the client side.  Thanks!
In a project the customer wants the images of the WMS to be secured against unauthorized access.   What are the common solutions to realize that?   Are they compatible with the OGC-standards?
Conventions for function notation I'm in year 11 right now and I just had a brief discussion with my maths teacher about function notation in trigonometry.  For a test, I wrote this,   sin(50)^2   I assumed that would be interpreted as sin(50)*sin(50)  But I was told the correct notation for this is is  sin^2 (50)   or optionally  (sin (50))^2   I'm curious if that is the 'proper' mathematical convention, or just how things are taught in high schools?  I'm Australian, in case there are some regional differences.  Thanks for the help! How can an object's instantaneous speed be zero and it's instantaneous acceleration be nonzero? I'm studying for my upcoming physics course and ran across this concept - I'd love an explanation. SharePoint Online REST API List Items Paging Can anyone confirm that they are able to page against a SharePoint Online List Items query? Either I'm not understanding how this query is supposed to work or it just doesn't work.   tenant.sharepoint.com/conversations/_api/web/lists/getbytitle('Posts')/items?$skiptoken=Paged=TRUE&amp;amp;P_ID=2   I'm leveraging the documentation  but when using Postman, all items are returned in the same query response. For example, according to the $skiptoken P_ID=2 above, I'm expecting a response without item ID 1. However, I still get ID 1, 2, and 3 in the response. How can you describe someone who gives up too easily? Can I create script tag by jQuery? Irrationality of sum of two logarithms: $\log_2 5 +\log_3 5$ I try to prove that the number $$\log_2 5 +\log_3 5$$ is irrational. But I have no idea how to do it. Any hints are welcome. Consider the sentence &quot;I can run faster than 15 miles per hour.&quot; Its meaning is clear and to my eyes obviously grammatically correct. Now let me present some variations that have given me trouble for a long time.  I am faster than 15 miles per hour. – To me this is clearly incorrect. Directly comparing me to a speed doesn't seem right. We need to compare my speed to a speed, or me to another person.  I can run faster than him. – Compared to the base sentence, there is a distinct shift in meaning of the comparison. While before I named a speed faster than which I can run, now I am naming a person. It doesn't seem quite right. I realize the parts of speech can change, but my initial objection is that &quot;him&quot; is not a speed.  I can run faster than he. – This seems most correct to me, but still somehow feels objectionable. Is this in fact the correct way to say it? And if so, is it proper as is or need I say &quot;... faster than he can&quot; or even &quot;... faster than he can run?&quot;  I am faster than him. – With &quot;am&quot; instead of &quot;can run&quot; it now seems slightly more correct. But is it?  I am faster than he. – I'm in doubt here. It doesn't seem wrong to me to say, &quot;I am faster than he is&quot; or even &quot;I am faster than he is fast.&quot; (Though I suppose that is a given since I could hardly properly compare to some other category as in &quot;I am faster than he is smart.&quot;)  My speed is faster than his. – Hmm. This seems more proper as &quot;my speed is greater than his.&quot;   So which of these constructions is correct and which is incorrect? Is there a general rule that I can follow? UPDATE The scholarly article  may be of great interest to some readers!  Once we accept that the elided constituent and its antecedent can differ in form, it becomes reasonable to ask how large this difference can be. The answer in Rooth (1992), Fiengo and May (1994), Chung et al. (1995) and subsequent work is that the wiggle room is actually quite small: the elided constituent and its antecedent are allowed to differ only in the realization of inﬂectional morphology. Other than that, both constituents have to be syntactically and lexically isomorphic. I started by Time Series Analysis by Hamilton, but I am lost hopelessly. This book is really too theoretical for me to learn by myself.   Does anybody have a recommendation for a textbook on time series analysis that's suitable for self-study? All operating systems freeze sometimes, and Ubuntu is no exception. What should I do to regain control when...   just one program stops responding? nothing at all responds to mouse clicks or key presses? the mouse stops moving entirely? I have an    In what order should I try various solutions before deciding to pull the power plug?  What should I do when starting up Ubuntu fails?  Is there a diagnostic procedure I can follow? I am trying to copy multiple files named "F3.bam" two level of directories to up and then rename these files with the name of the sub-directory after copy.  For example:  /samples/mydata1/RUN1/ID_date/PCR2/TIME1/F3.bam /samples/mydata2/RUN1/ID2_date4/PCR2/TIME7/F3.bam /samples/mydataxxx/RUN1/IDxxx_datexxx/PCR2/TIMExxx/F3.bam   Expected results:  1. The files are first copied two directories level up:  /samples/mydata1/RUN1/ID_date/F3.bam /samples/mydata2/RUN1/ID2_date4/F3.bam /samples/mydataxxx/RUN1/IDxxx_datexxx/F3.bam   2. The files are renamed according to the name of the current sub-directory:  /samples/mydata1/RUN1/ID_date/ID_date_F3.bam /samples/mydata2/RUN1/ID2_date4/ID2_date4_F3.bam /samples/mydataxxx/RUN1/IDxxx_datexxx/IDxxx_datexxx_F3.bam   Ideally a bash loop would be great (working on a Mac). I have meticulously read through similar questions, answers and their comments but I still do not understand how the deletion is done. From what I understand I email the customer service and then they do what exactly?     1) They disable my account so that I can no longer use it?      2) They reassign all of my questions and answers to some other   account? To which one?      3) They delete all my questions and answers so that they go away from   public view?   What is the flexibility (if it exists) of the deletion procedure? Is it possible to erase the traces of my former association with the site. Can I request any of the following be done?     4) All of my questions and answers be deleted from public view?      5) Some of my questions and answers be deleted? If yes what criteria?      6) Can I have all of my contributions be assigned to some other   account which runs as sort of a "collective account" and already has   tons of content so that it doesn't happen like my contributions just   move to some other url but still stay grouped under that location and   therefore that location can be discovered as representing my account?      7) Can I have my contributions dispersed through several "collective   accounts?      8) Can my current public name be removed from any comments to my posts   so that my posts cannot be identified later as once belonging to me?   Please be polite with me. I wouldn't have asked if I have found the answer in the other questions. The other questions are also old and it is not clear what the situation is as per 05/2012.  UPDATE (for those interested):  I asked the Stackoverflow team about the procedure. Apparently none of the points 2-8 I asked above are possible, only 1 will take place. The link to my user page from my contributions is going to be removed and replaced with non-clickable text of an anonymized user name like "user1234". Whether this number is the same as my current user_id is not clear. That's all the information I got.  I'm going now to rename myself to "Anonymous" then request the account deletion. Those interested in the procedure will witness the exact result on this page.  Farewell. 'I have decided to purchase a jet for getting to NYC and back more quickly.' Are the following sentences grammatical or not? If not, does substituting a to-infinite make them grammatical? (Optional: designate if the sentence expresses purpose, reason, aim, or function)  1 I have decided to purchase a jet for getting to NYC and back more quickly. 2 I have decided to buy a jet for having a quicker way to get to NYC and back.  This is my only reason and aim; this will be the jet's only purpose and function.  3 I hate hairdryers, so I am buying a space heater for drying my hair more naturally, and that is my only aim &amp; purpose &amp; reason and that will be its only function 4 For having a lasting shine in your hair, buy ShineOn Shampoo. 5 My neighbor and I have decided to cooperate more for having a better life together.   Research done: ELL  (Note the  here is a restatement of Cambridge Dictionary's ) ELL  ELL  BBC English  (Currently the best site I've found.) ELU  All of which have answers that I find  (i) incomplete (ii) contradictory (iii) terribly confusing, if not (iv) wrong. To sort through the haze, I am focusing on one issue. Background Some sources say that you need to use a to-infinitive for expressing purpose, aim, function, reason, etc. I find these to be rather hazy distinctions, given that the ODO defines  as The reason for which something is done or created or for which something exists and the same work lists as : aim, reason, function, etc. It is my assertion that at least some of the following sentences demonstrate that one can use the -ing form (be it a gerund, verbal noun, participle) to express individual purpose (aim, reason, function, intention, whatever you want to call it). Do you agree, or not? Why (not)?  In shorter terms, are the sentences grammatical? or do we have to substitute a to-infinitive (including in order to + infinitive) to make them grammatical? (Optional: designate if the sentence expresses purpose, reason, aim, function, etc.) Using proof by contradiction vs proof of the contrapositive What is the difference between a "proof by contradiction" and "proving the contrapositive"? Intuitive, it feels like doing the exact same thing. And when I compare an exercise, one person proves by contradiction, and the other proves the contrapositive, the proofs look almost exactly the same.  For example, say I want to prove: $P \implies Q$ When I want to prove by contradiction, I would say assume this is not true. Assume $Q$ is not true, and $P$ is true. Blabla, but this implies $P$ is not true, which is a contradiction.  When I want to prove the contrapositive, I say. Assume $Q$ is not true. Blabla, this implies $P$ is not true.  The only difference in the proof is that I assume $P$ is true in the beginning, when I want to prove by contradiction. But this feels almost redundant, as in the end I always get that this is not true. The only other way that I could get a contradiction is by proving that $Q$ is true. But this would be the exact same things as a direct proof.   Can somebody enlighten me a little bit here ? For example: Are there proofs that can be proven by contradiction but not proven by proving the contrapositve? Link button in post editor escapes square brackets in code Can open, unsafe nuclear fusion reaction burn the atmosphere? I happened to hear people saying that the nuclear fusion bomb tests could set the atmosphere on fire. I have some serious doubts about that - but I have no facts. Nuclear fusion reaction requires $15*10^{6}$ kelvins to start. If we produce such temperature in "open air" would the atmosphere become a fuel for further fusion? Shouldn't the whole thing just be torn apart by its terrible pressure? Proving that $\lim_{n \rightarrow\infty} \int_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} \sin(t^n) dt =0$ It is clear that $\lim_{n \rightarrow\infty} \int_{0}^{1} \sin(t^n) dt =0$. (which is not what is to be proved here)  I don't know how to proceed with the remaining part of the integral ie $\lim_{n \rightarrow\infty} \int_{1}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} \sin(t^n) dt$ (I tried substitution and partial integration).  Can anybody give me a hint ? Sharepoint REST API - Using caml query and select/expand to get lookup data single email limit exceeded salesforce very frequently..? my email limit is exceeded after sending 10-12 emails..what could be the problem..as i have seen the limit is 1000 emails/day.i am not able to find out what could be the problem..Can some give me some suggestions. As i also know we can send 10 emails in a single transaction.I am sending emails in a batch class.  I am calling this batch class on button click and filling emailList with emailsId's.                      String query='Select id from Lead';//No use of this query                     Batch_send_emails bse=new Batch_send_emails();                     bse.query=query;                                                         bse.resendEmails=emailList;                     database.executebatch(bse);           **Batch Class**           if(!resendEmails.isEmpty())           {               for(String s:resendEmails)                {                   emailsLeads.add(s);                }           }           Messaging.SingleEmailMessage mail = new Messaging.SingleEmailMessage();         mail.setToAddresses(emailsLeads);        // mail.setCcAddresses(ccAddresses);         String subject='GoToMeeting Invitation Details for '+subject;         String body='test';          mail.setHtmlBody(body);          mail.setSubject(subject);         Messaging.sendEmail(new Messaging.SingleEmailMessage[] { mail });          } Natural examples of deformation retracts that are not strong deformation retracts The question  asks for examples of deformation retracts which are not strong deformation retracts. A comment is given refering the asker to Exercise 0.6 in Hatcher. (The description of this space also appears in , which is about this very same exercise.)  This space, however, seems to be constructed specifically for this purpose.     Are there any naturally occurring (by which I mean not constructed specifically for this purpose, arising in some other way) spaces that are deformation retracts but not strong deformation retracts?   The main reason for asking is that it doesn't seem very likely to me that one would stumble upon such a space at random, so I don't know what to watch out for. One can never be too careful. Logging in as the same user multiple times in Remote Desktop Windows Server 2008 Quick question: I have a situation where I need to let multiple people on different PCs log into one server 2008 machine as administrator simultaneously over remote desktop. I have the CALs for it, it's just not set up correctly. When one user tries to log in, it boots the other out. What I need is to present to them a different session, just each as logged in as admin. Sorry for the slightly rambling post, I'm new here. Thanks!