Can't boot ubuntu anymore after Windows 10 update I used to be able to select either the Windows Boot Manager or Ubuntu when booting my ASUS laptop.  Since Windows 10 has updated, it now automatically chooses the windows boot manager. Ubuntu is the first in the boot priority list, and even if I press escape during startup to manually choose a boot device, and then choose ubuntu, it still loads up the windows boot manager.  I have disabled secure boot, fast boot, and hibernation. This all used to work until the latest Windows 10 update. Any ideas?
Windows 10 update broke my MBR / GRUB After I ran Windows 10 update this afternoon my partition table broke... I had dual boot with Windows 10 and Ubuntu 14 with Grub as the boot loader. The error that came up was "Error no such partition, Entering rescue mode... grub rescue>". I googled it,  about the boot-repair ISO, installed it on a USB, ran the repair, got this report, but still no luck:    Now the boot skips Grub entirely and goes to Windows boot manager which fails with "The boot configuration data for your PC is missing or contains errors". So now instead of dual boot I have zero boot. Thanks Microsoft.  Anyway can you guys help me interpret the disk info in the pastebin link? I don't remember my partition configuration but I believe Ubunut had slightlty less disk space than Windows. Questions I have:   Is the Ubuntu partition still there? Could it be the one named "Extended"? (sda4) Where would GRUB be? Gone? Can it be reinstalled? how?   I don't really care about the Windows partition anymore, but it would be nice to rescue Ubuntu.
AES plaintext is smaller than 128 bits - how to expand? We are currently developing a little AES implementation in a crypto-course at university.  As far as I know, AES uses a 128 bit block length, so all data that will be encrypted gets split up into blocks of 128 bits (16 bytes) into a 2d-array (or 1d in implementation) with 4 &times; 4 fields.  I was wondering and didn't find out what to do if the entered string to encrypt is not 128 bits long? The question is going further by thinking that there will never be exactly n &times; 128 bits of data to encrypt.  For a smaller key given by the user (e.g. "test") I know there is a key expansion algorithm defined.  But what should be done for data that is less than 128 bits? Any javascript event occurring when user clicks Stop load button? How does the User Card popup work? We are experimenting with enhanced user card mouseover popups and have enabled them network wide. You can tell which users will trigger the popup because they have a 3-D drop shadowy look to their gravatar:    Hover your mouse over the gravatar and wait. Note that the user card mouseover popup will only be displayed if the following conditions are met:   Is the profile complete, and long enough? We enforce a minimum length requirement. The user's reputation must be >= 1k  If you have more links than are able to be displayed after truncation, those extra links will be shown in the bottom of the dialog. We order links at the bottom consistently -- if you include a twitter, google plus, linked in, or facebook those links are prioritized. It will be visible on a question and answer detail page, any page with a list of questions, and the /users list. It will not be shown when a question or answer is wiki'd. It will not be shown when excerpt summary is defined as &lt;!-- summary: &amp;nbsp; --&gt; we support explicitly specifying your user card excerpt summary using the following syntax:  &lt;!-- summary: This is my profile, there are others like it but this one is mine. --&gt;   The above example will result in:    This is now mostly complete.  The goal is allow people to show  off how awesome they are inline, without having to click through to the full user profile page. This is a canonical question and answer developed by the community to help address common questions. If you've been directed here, or your question has been closed as a duplicate, please look through the resources here and use them to shape more specific questions. To browse all canonical questions and answers, including more unit test resources, navigate to the  tag.  How do I unit test code that includes a SOAP or REST-based callout, or indirectly calls code that makes a callout? I'm getting an error saying that callouts are not supported. Natural (human alpha-numeric) sort in Microsoft SQL 2005 We have a large database on which we have DB side pagination. This is quick, returning a page of 50 rows from millions of records in a small fraction of a second.  Users can define their own sort, basically choosing what column to sort by.  Columns are dynamic - some have numeric values, some dates and some text.  While most sort as expected text sorts in a dumb way. Well, I say dumb, it makes sense to computers, but frustrates users.  For instance, sorting by a string record id gives something like:  rec1 rec10 rec14 rec2 rec20 rec3 rec4   ...and so on.  I want this to take account of the number, so:  rec1 rec2 rec3 rec4 rec10 rec14 rec20   I can't control the input (otherwise I'd just format in leading 000s) and I can't rely on a single format - some are things like "{alpha code}-{dept code}-{rec id}".  I know a few ways to do this in C#, but can't pull down all the records to sort them, as that would be to slow.  Does anyone know a way to quickly apply a natural sort in Sql server?    We're using:  ROW_NUMBER() over (order by {field name} asc)   And then we're paging by that.  We can add triggers, although we wouldn't. All their input is parametrised and the like, but I can't change the format - if they put in "rec2" and "rec10" they expect them to be returned just like that, and in natural order.    We have valid user input that follows different formats for different clients.  One might go rec1, rec2, rec3, ... rec100, rec101  While another might go: grp1rec1, grp1rec2, ... grp20rec300, grp20rec301  When I say we can't control the input I mean that we can't force users to change these standards - they have a value like grp1rec1 and I can't reformat it as grp01rec001, as that would be changing something used for lookups and linking to external systems.  These formats vary a lot, but are often mixtures of letters and numbers.  Sorting these in C# is easy - just break it up into { "grp", 20, "rec", 301 } and then compare sequence values in turn.  However there may be millions of records and the data is paged, I need the sort to be done on the SQL server.  SQL server sorts by value, not comparison - in C# I can split the values out to compare, but in SQL I need some logic that (very quickly) gets a single value that consistently sorts.  @moebius - your answer might work, but it does feel like an ugly compromise to add a sort-key for all these text values. How to fairly select a random number for a game without trusting a third party? First, my understanding is that the long-term capital gains tax rate is 0% for those whose marginal rate on ordinary income is 10% or 15%, and (ignoring the highest 39.6% bracket) the rate is 15% for everyone else. (See  and .)  My interest is in what happens at the crucial break between the 15% and 25% bracket, which is $73,800 for married/joint returns in 2013 (and presumably will be higher in 2014, though I haven't been able to find out what that is or if it has even been set yet). Let's say a household has $64,000 in wage income, and sells stock for a $10,000 profit.   Does their income for the purposes of establishing their tax bracket go to $74,000? If so, is the entire $10,000 profit subject to the 15% long-term capital gains rate? Is any part of the wage income subject to the higher marginal tax rate?   Since the amount of income subject to the higher marginal rate is, well, marginal, part 3 seems somewhat less important than part 2. The real issue is whether the capital gains rate hits the entire profit, since, in that case, it seems the household should only sell enough stock to generate a $9000 profit, and sell the remainder in a future year. Can houseplants actually improve air quality? I am looking for a way to identify primitives types in a template class definition.  I mean, having this class :  template&lt;class T&gt; class A{ void doWork(){    if(T isPrimitiveType())      doSomething();    else      doSomethingElse();  } private: T *t;  };   Is there is any way to "implement" isPrimitiveType(). I'm looking to create a simple short-lived reservation system, and I'd like to generate confirmation numbers that are   unique random-looking alphanumeric short-ish, at least much shorter than 32 character-long strings returned by sha1   I'm only looking to have ~500 reservations, so I don't imagine high likelyhood of collissions.  One idea I had is generate an sha1 hash based on a date-time stamp and username, then truncating it to its first 10 characters.  Would something like that be reliably unique enough for the purposes of processing ~500 reservations? Significance of $\sqrt[n]{a^n} $?! There is a formula given in my module:  $$ \sqrt[n]{a^n} = \begin{cases}  \, a  &amp;\text{ if $n$ is odd } \\  |a| &amp;\text{ if $n$ is even } \end{cases} $$  I don't really understand the differences between them, kindly explain with an example. Export objects to separate files in Illustrator How can I prevent iPhoto from opening everytime I plug my iPad/iPhone? How can I prevent iPhoto/Photos/Image Capture from launching everytime I plug in my iPad/iPhone? Recently, the TeX.SE question  got onto the Hot Network Questions list.  Like many questions on TeX.SE, it contains some TeX markup in its title.  Unfortunately, on , this markup gets parsed and rendered as math:    I propose that either:   the entire Hot Network Questions sidebar should be excluded from MathJax parsing by styling it with the tex2jax_ignore class, or at least, any hot questions from TeX.SE should be so excluded from MathJax parsing.   Or I suppose we could always implement , which asks for all questions with TeX in the title to be excluded from Hot Network Questions entirely.  That might be throwing out the baby with the bathwater, though.    Ps. This issue is partially masked by , which causes MathJax not to be rendered in many elements that are hidden by default and revealed using jQuery .show(), such as all but the first five questions in the Hot Network Questions sidebar.  The  user script contains a generic fix for that bug, so users who have it installed will see this issue more frequently, but it occurs even without SOUP whenever a question with TeX markup in the title happens to show up among the top five hot questions that are always visible by default. I was just wondering since i have the 12.04 lts ubuntu edition if it's possible to upgrade it to 13.04 or even 14.04 after it gets released without losing any of my files and installed apps?  That's actually the main reason i chose the LTS version because i didn't know if i had to re-install all my apps every time a new ubuntu version gets released. What should be done when no more Pokemon can be caught? (when full storage) It seems that I can buy 50 more slots using 200 coins, but what if I keep on getting more and more common Pokemons such as Pidgey or Rattata, then the slots will be full again.  Right now, I am sorting by CP (Combat Power) and then "Transfer" the lowest CP Pokemons to the Professor (to give it away), but wonder what is a good or better way to handle this?  (For example, can I combine several Pidgey into one?) Provisioning Profiles menu item missing from Xcode 5 When a user who approved an edit is removed, an incorrect "-2 reverted" event appears in reputation history I am aware that . But now there is an extraneous "reverted" event to go along with user removal:     Source: .   The edit was not reverted, it's . In any case, I should not lose 2 points twice for the total of -4. And indeed, my reputation only dropped from 131 to 129 despite what the history suggests.   So the line with "-2 reverted" is a bug.     A more extreme example:  got 21 "reverted" events on 2017-06-30, none of which should be there. His rep loss is 42, not 84 as the reputation history says. If i entered "name" in my text box while it saved it must be saved like "Name"   Capital letters in the first letter of Alphabet  It must not show any error messages it must directly save Is it possible to add new predictions/autofill in Overleaf? For example, when I use the command (in Overleaf/ShareLaTex):  \begin{figure}[H]     \centering     \includegraphics{some_graphic}     \caption{some_caption}     \label{fig:some_label} \end{figure}   the \includegraphics{} comes without the [] parameter to change the size of the image, and \begin{figure} without the [H] option by default.   Is it possible to renew the command to make it default? By that I mean that when I type the \begin{figure} command it adds the [H] and [h] as well as [width=\textwidth] in the \includegraphics command, rather than making a global change in the preamble e.g.