Live USB with encrypted persistent store Is it possible to boot Ubuntu from USB and have it store the changes to settings, created files and installed apps in an enrypted file located on the HDD that is mounted at boot? If so will the process impair bootup speed much? The goal would be maximum security if you make the USB read-only and the peristent store is encrypted.
How do I install Ubuntu to a USB key? (without using Startup Disk Creator) If you are hurrying to reply, System → Administration → StartUp Disk Creator -- no, that's not what I'm talking about.   I want to try Ubuntu 11.04's Unity without touching my existing Ubuntu install.  To do this, I need to install the nVidia drivers first (sigh).  To do this, I need changes to persist a reboot.  To do this, I need to really install Ubuntu on a USB key.  How do you do that?    What I tried   I tried to make a USB key from , then boot from it, then choose "Install Ubuntu." The installer refused to install to the installation media itself. I tried, from my installed copy of Ubuntu:  sudo kvm /dev/sdb --cdrom .cache/testdrive/iso/ubuntu_natty-desktop-i386.iso   ...but the installer didn't detect the disk properly.
How can i show with quite simple methods that a group of order 15 is cyclic? Option to be notified when a post I downvoted is edited Prologue:  This is an effort to follow up on  which is marked as a duplicate of  highly voted and status-declined feature request (although they seem to be different, one focusing on the OP and the other on the downvoter).   My New Year's resolution was to downvote more.  So on January 3rd or so, I saw a post that was low quality, and downvoted.  Two days later, I came back to see if it was ready to be deleted or had gotten piled with downvotes, to find it with a significant positive score!  At which point, I noticed that the answer had been significantly improved.  So I retracted my downvote, changed it to an upvote, and immediately resumed my dearth of downvoting again.  I think I have a responsibility to downvote bad posts, despite that oh-so-painful -1 rep penalty.  But if I am also going to have the responsibility to follow up on every downvote I cast, I'm not going to bother. I don't want my downvote to leave a residual penalty on posts that were once low quality, and I am not going to trouble myself to keep checking up on every post I downvoted.  Can a downvoter have an option to be notified when a post they voted down was edited?  I wouldn't make this an automatic thing, because not all downvoters want it, and it isn't applicable to all cases of downvoting (although  that this should be part of the responsibility of a downvoter).  Personally, I would make this a universal toggle on-off option on the user profile page, not a question-by-question option, but I don't have strong feelings about it. There's no need to  the  that have led to a lack of trust between  of  and . Suffice it to say that astoundingly they continue to assert that  and, instead of apologizing and reinstating Monica have demanded that she go through a process with no transparency, due process, or involvement from the community.   Has the time has come for Stack Exchange, Inc to spin off the community and all the data needed to keep the sites running to a separate non-profit, who would then in turn license the software from the company?  What's in it for the community?   The community can practice self determination for issues from as basic as the number of moderators they have to as fundamental as the policies they enforce. If the company development continues to be unresponsive to the community's needs, the community would be able to develop its own open source software that would meet its needs. They can find their own funding model instead of having ads imposed on them.   What's in it for the company?   Community actions will no longer reflect on the company. Interaction with the community as a customer may come more naturally to current leadership than the present paradigm. They don't have to worry about paying for the community's operating expenses. They can focus on doing one thing well. Word meaning a job someone is installed in where they don’t do anything Autokey (autokey-qt) freezes and won't insert text It's my understanding that a z-score can only be calculated and accurately used for data sets that are normally distributed.  Since "perfect" normal distribution almost never occurs in real-world data (where "perfect" normal distribution is defined as 1. The mean, median, and mode all equal the same number, 2. the distribution is perfectly symmetrical between all standard deviations on both sides of the mean, and 3. the distribution is asymptotic), how "close" can the distribution be to perfectly normal for the z-score to still be a valid statistical measure?  If the answer is it has to be a perfectly normal distribution, then my question is why is the z-score so important since it would seldom be a valid measure on real-world data? I am using longtable and I cannot find a way to adjust its column spacing. I want a table like this:    But I am getting this:    This is what I am doing for defining table size:   \begin{longtable}{p{.1\textwidth} p{.2\textwidth} p{.2\textwidth}p{.3\textwidth}}     xxxxx &amp; xxxxx &amp; xxx &amp; xxxxx\\     \end{longtable} Dropbox: ext4 isn't ext4 A symmetric operator has only real eigenvalues and different eigenvectors corresponding to different eigenvalues are orthogonal.   These are exactly what we want for a physical observable. I think this is the all required.   So why is quantum mechanics not satisfied with symmetric operators, but wants more? Is there any substantial disadvantage to booking two one-way tickets, versus a round trip ticket?  Booking vacation travel with family of four for winter, from Northeast US to Mexico.  Round trip is pricy and no preferred travel times.  Two one ways is slightly cheaper with much preferred timing.      Different airlines there and back, both reputable national US carriers. What can primes, except 2, 3, and 5, be congruent to $\pmod {30}$? After some trials, I found out that a prime $p \gt 5$ is congruent to $q\pmod{30}$, where $q$ is also a prime, and $1 \le q \lt 30 \;$ (i.e.  $p \equiv q\pmod{30}.$  Is there a way to write a formal proof to show this?  Is that an acceptable answer. Fit mixture of distributions to your time-series data in R I have time-series data containing 1440 observations and the plot of the data is   I want to fit the Gaussian Mixture Models (GMM) to the above plot, and for the same I am using Mclust function of  package. Finally, I want a fit somewhat like this:   On using Mclust function, I do get following statistics     mclus_data &lt;- Mclust(givendataseries)    &gt; summary(mclus_data) ---------------------------------------------------- Gaussian finite mixture model fitted by EM algorithm  ----------------------------------------------------  Mclust E (univariate, equal variance) model with 8 components:   log.likelihood    n df      BIC      ICL        9525.438 1440 16 18934.52 18183.67  Clustering table:    1    2    3    4    5    6    7    8  1262    0    0    0    0   13  114   51    In the above statistic, I can not understand following:   Significance of log.likelihood, BIC and ICL. I can understand what each of them is, but what their magnitude/value refers to? It shows there are 8 clusters, but why cluster no. 2,3,4,5 has 0 values? What does this mean? From the plot it is clear that there must be two Guassians, but why Mclust function shows there are 8 Guassians?   Update: Actually, I want to do model based clustering of time series data. But currently  I want to fit the distribution to my raw data, as shown in Figure 1 on page no. 3 of  paper. For your quick reference, mentioned figure in said paper is The brightness of my laptop is reset to max on every restart. I tried the solution provided at  but had no luck.   This command   cat /sys/class/backlight/acpi_video0/max_brightness   Returns   cat: /sys/class/backlight/acpi_video0/max_brightness: No such file or directory   Then I found that I don't have a folder named acpi_video0, but a folder called intel_backlight:    Every time I increase or decrease the brightness using the brightness control keys, the values in brightness and actual_brightness get updated.  Is there any method I could follow to set the brightness to a fixed value on every boot and vary it as and when I need it using the brightness control keys? I am using 15.04.   So I'm working with git and I installed the standard version. I set up the ssh keys and was able to clone one of my repositories to the correct folder. Everything was working great and then I decided it was a good idea to install more packages. I ran sudo apt-get install git-all. I'm looking at error codes now having to deal with upstart.  start: Unable to connect to Upstart: Failed to connect to socket /com/ubuntu/upstart: Connection refused No apport report written because the error message indicates its a followup error from a previous failure. dpkg: error processing package runit (--configure):  subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 1 dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of git-daemon-run:  git-daemon-run depends on runit; however:   Package runit is not configured yet.  dpkg: error processing package git-daemon-run (--configure):  dependency problems - leaving unconfigured Errors were encountered while processing:  runit  git-daemon-run E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)   This is what happens when I even update/upgrade my system. At this point all I'm looking to do is be able to install software and update my current software. Is there any way I can potentially reverse this issue or at least correct it?   Edit: Thankfully this issue was solved only a day or two after it happened. The accepted answer worked perfectly and took care of my issue In the Upcoming Halloween Update Posted By SOOPUR SELL (supercell), there have been sneak peeks released showing new skeleton traps for TH 8+. I also remember the Santa Strike from one of the Christmas Updates. My question is when these holiday events finish, do we lose the money we spent on the Traps or do we keep them forever? I am trying to get an Epson WF-2760 scanner that is network-connected working. I'm using Ubuntu 16.04.2 64-bit and the printer works a treat. I have installed the Epson drivers from their site, including the plugins. I have edited /etc/sane.d/dll.conf to enable epson, epson2, and epsonds. I have edited each of the respective .conf files to include the network address of the device (IPV4: 192.168.128.11).   The scanner is not detected in any software that I have tried (including Image Scan and Simple Scan).  Any help is appreciated! Getting MTP enabled devices to work with Ubuntu? Since Ubuntu 13.04 storage access to external devices via MTP is supposed to work out of the box via a GVFS-MTP module.      While this question is about the Galaxy Nexus, other Android devices as well as Windows Phones and MTP enabled media players are also supported.      For troubleshooting see .     I am having quite a bit of problems getting file-transfers working over MTP with the Galaxy Nexus. I am using Kubuntu 11.10 64-bit, and this is what I have done and the results I get:   Added rule for device in /etc/udev/rules.d/51-android.rules. The rule is the following and works for adb:  SUBSYSTEMS=="usb", ATTRS{idVendor}=="04e8", ATTRS{idProduct}=="6860", MODE="0666", OWNER="leob" #Galaxy Nexus  Restarted udev (and computer just to make sure).   Adb works, and all methods for reading from the device via MTP seems to work (I have tried mounting with mtpfs, gmtp and using the mtp-tools package directly). When I try to write to the device however, nothing I have tried works.  As an example, running mtp-newfolder test_dir 0 0 gives the following output:  libmtp version: 1.1.0 Device 0 (VID=04e8 and PID=6860) is a Samsung GT-P7510/Galaxy Tab 10.1. Folder creation failed. ERROR: Could not close session!   If I run mtp-folders after a failed mtp-newfolder without re-plugging the device, I get the following output:  Attempting to connect device(s) Device 0 (VID=04e8 and PID=6860) is a Samsung GT-P7510/Galaxy Tab 10.1. PTP_ERROR_IO: failed to open session, trying again after resetting USB interface LIBMTP libusb: Attempt to reset device mtp-folders: Successfully connected Friendly name: (NULL) Error 1: Get Storage information failed. Error 2: PTP Layer error 02fe: get_all_metadata_fast(): could not get proplist of all    objects. Error 2: (Look this up in ptp.h for an explanation.) Error 2: PTP Layer error 02fe: get_handles_recursively(): could not get object handles. Error 2: (Look this up in ptp.h for an explanation.) LIBMTP_Get_Storage() : Resource temporarily unavailable OK.   Accompanied by the following in dmesg:  [ 1000.912082] usb 2-4: reset high speed USB device number 7 using ehci_hcd [ 1001.045877] usb 2-4: usbfs: process 3166 (mtp-folders) did not claim interface 0 before use   Does anyone have any idea about what to do?  EDIT:  I also tried the PTP mode. Again, reading works fine, but I cannot write anything to the device. I've got an MP4 video file and I want to add another AAC audio track to it. I've tried YAMB and MeGUI (frontends for MP4Box) and it plays correctly in Zoom Player, but it picks the wrong track in WMP and plays both at once in Quicktime. I think this might have to do with designating the default audio track somehow.  Does anyone know how to specify the default audio track with YAMB/MeGUI or know of another way of adding a track to an MP4 file? Where is the operator panel in Blender 2.8? The tutorial I read is based on 2.79. So I'm not sure if it's still the same name in 2.8. But I can't find anything providing similar functionalities. When starring a message from the star board, it's not reflected in the main chat window