Why did they say Han Solo's carbon freezing has never been attempted before? I did not check on the details, but I remember that the whole point of carbon freezing Han Solo is to test the carbon freezing technique - which is claimed to have never been done on a living organism - to make sure Luke Skywalker can be frozen and brought to Palpatine intact and unharmed.  But this  from the Clone Wars show that it has been done before, and it is possible that such a technique, while probably not recommended, is not unheard of. So why did they say that Han is the first, in-universe?
What was the point of testing carbonite-freezing technology on Han Solo? Darth Vader tested carbonite-freezing technology on Han Solo because he didn't want to kill Luke who was precious to the emperor. But, why was it necessary? Wasn't it already a tested and proven technology? Even Darth Vader (when he was Anakin) himself used it along with others decades ago (Star Wars: The Clone Wars S03E18).
Straight lines - product of slope of perpendicular lines. Let $l$ be a line with slope $\frac{1}{0}$, and $m$ a line with slope $0$.  Now, line $l$ is perpendicular to line $l$, therefore the product of the slope of line $l$ and the slope of line $m$ equals $-1$. This implies that $\frac{1}{0} \times 0 = -1$! “All you have to do is read” vs. “All you have to do is to read” "POSSIBLE BREAK-IN ATTEMPT!" in /var/log/secure — what does this mean? I've got a CentOS 5.x box running on a VPS platform. My VPS host misinterpreted a support inquiry I had about connectivity and effectively flushed some iptables rules.  This resulted in ssh listening on the standard port and acknowledging port connectivity tests. Annoying.   The good news is that I require SSH Authorized keys.  As far as I can tell, I don't think there was any successful breach.  I'm still very concerned about what I'm seeing in /var/log/secure though:     Apr 10 06:39:27 echo sshd[22297]: reverse mapping checking getaddrinfo for 222-237-78-139.tongkni.co.kr failed - POSSIBLE BREAK-IN ATTEMPT! Apr 10 13:39:27 echo sshd[22298]: Received disconnect from 222.237.78.139: 11: Bye Bye Apr 10 06:39:31 echo sshd[22324]: Invalid user edu1 from 222.237.78.139 Apr 10 06:39:31 echo sshd[22324]: reverse mapping checking getaddrinfo for 222-237-78-139.tongkni.co.kr failed - POSSIBLE BREAK-IN ATTEMPT! Apr 10 13:39:31 echo sshd[22330]: input_userauth_request: invalid user edu1 Apr 10 13:39:31 echo sshd[22330]: Received disconnect from 222.237.78.139: 11: Bye Bye Apr 10 06:39:35 echo sshd[22336]: Invalid user test1 from 222.237.78.139 Apr 10 06:39:35 echo sshd[22336]: reverse mapping checking getaddrinfo for 222-237-78-139.tongkni.co.kr failed - POSSIBLE BREAK-IN ATTEMPT! Apr 10 13:39:35 echo sshd[22338]: input_userauth_request: invalid user test1 Apr 10 13:39:35 echo sshd[22338]: Received disconnect from 222.237.78.139: 11: Bye Bye Apr 10 06:39:39 echo sshd[22377]: Invalid user test from 222.237.78.139 Apr 10 06:39:39 echo sshd[22377]: reverse mapping checking getaddrinfo for 222-237-78-139.tongkni.co.kr failed - POSSIBLE BREAK-IN ATTEMPT! Apr 10 13:39:39 echo sshd[22378]: input_userauth_request: invalid user test Apr 10 13:39:39 echo sshd[22378]: Received disconnect from 222.237.78.139: 11: Bye Bye     What exactly does "POSSIBLE BREAK-IN ATTEMPT" mean?  That it was successful? Or that it didn't like the IP the request was coming from? What is the command that lets me see what and where devices are mounted?  I'm having trouble changing songs on my old iPod, and I have a feeling it's because of the mount point. Most riders seem to say it's their groin, neck or lower back that starts hurting first after a decent distance has been ridden. For me it is my wrists.  I have no history of wrist pain (strains, breaks etc) so it can't be explained by that and I try to adjust my hand positions across my handlebars as often as I can.  My question has 2 parts:   1. Is there anything I can do to minimise pain in terms of riding position, gloves, exercises etc which will reduce soreness?  2. Why might this pain be occurring?  *I do all of my riding on paved roads on a road (Specialized Allez) bike. Can I bring my laptop, camera on flight to USA? I am going to the US in the coming week. However, I heard that laptop and camera are not permitted to bring on board as carry-on. What are the latest rules about these larger electronics? Singular or plural "set"? I'm having some issues with a sentence that is part of the purpose in a report that I'm writing. I'm not sure if the word "communicate" (in bold) should be singular or plural.  The applications in the "set" will communicate with each other, not with other "sets".     The purpose of this report is to develop a sample set of applications   that communicates between services on the internet, mobile devices   and a central processing unit in a motor vehicle. Solution for PHP / MySQL website loading fast in multiple regions Allow setuid on shell scripts Why doesn't Spotlight show invisible files that I know exist? I am running Mac OS X 10.8 (Mountain Lion) and had to edit an invisible file as part of an Android project. While I eventually found it, Spotlight was of no help, since it could not find an invisible file when searching for the exact name (.classpath) and with the 'File Visibility' option set to 'Visible or Invisible'.  Why didn't Spotlight work in this instance? What would be the disadvantages of using a 4 stranded ethernet cable? I got this cable with a homeplug AV 200 device - its labelled cat 5e    But looking at the plug end has me rather dubious about it.   (There's only 4 strands there, not the standard 8 - and missing pins, so I suspect these cables are designed to do so. The wire jacket is also surprisingly loose).  Another angle. This isn't a standard connector, no, someone has went and made a non standard connector specifically for this    I figured the cable was crap so I cut into it - some of you were wondering if they had merely left out the additional pairs - and the answer is no - its basically half a cat 5 cable.    I'm currently using it for some legacy equipment that runs on fast ethernet and the plug it came with and it seems to work. However, I'm curious - what're the downsides of such a cable? What do I need to look out for? In what situations would this cat-5 cable be unsuitable for use in anything other than a ethernet cat o'nine tails? Find files in directory with paired names I'm running tests of a variable-size-and-contents test set. Data files are added and removed frequently. I'm looking for an automated way of gathering a file list.  All files are in subdirectories of D; I need the full directory and name added to a text file. However, I only need those files that have a "paired" file, which has the same filename but a different extension (so... different filename, but in a structured way). So, if there is a MyFileName.A and MyFileName.B, then I want D/.../MyFileName added to the file list.  There are .A files without .B files, but no .B files without .A files. If a .A has a .B file, then both files are in the same directory.   Any advice? This seems to be a basic issue, but I just realized that I actually don't know how to test equality of coefficients from two different regressions. Can anyone shed some light on this?   More formally, suppose I ran the following two regressions:  $$ y_1 = X_1\beta_1 + \epsilon_1 $$ and  $$ y_2 = X_2\beta_2 + \epsilon_2 $$ where $X_i$ refers to the design matrix of regression $i$, and $\beta_i$ to the vector of coefficients in regression $i$. Note that $X_1$ and $X_2$ are potentially very different, with different dimensions etc. I am interested in for instance whether or not $\hat\beta_{11} \neq \hat\beta_{21}$.   If these came from the same regression, this would be trivial. But since they come from different ones, I am not quite sure how to do it. Does anyone have an idea or can give me some pointers?   My problem in detail: My first intuition was to look at the confidence intervals, and if they overlap, then I would say they are essentially the same. This procedure does not come with the correct size of the test, though (i.e. each individual confidence interval has $\alpha=0.05$, say, but looking at them jointly will not have the same probability). My "second" intuition was to conduct a normal t-test. That is, take   $$ \frac{\beta_{11}-\beta_{21}}{sd(\beta_{11})} $$  where $\beta_{21}$ is taken as the value of my null hypothesis. This does not take into account the estimation uncertainty of $\beta_{21}$, though, and the answer may depend on the order of the regressions (which one I call 1 and 2).   My third idea was to do it as in a standard test for equality of two coefficients from the same regression, that is take  $$ \frac{\beta_{11}-\beta_{21}}{sd(\beta_{11}-\beta_{21})} $$   The complication arises due to the fact that both come from different regressions. Note that   $$ Var(\beta_{11}-\beta_{21}) = Var(\beta_{11}) + Var(\beta_{21}) -2 Cov(\beta_{11},\beta_{21}) $$ but since they are from different regressions, how would I get $Cov(\beta_{11},\beta_{21})$?  This led me to ask this question here. This must be a standard procedure / standard test, but I cound not find anything that was sufficiently similar to this problem. So, if anyone can point me to the correct procedure, I would be very grateful! There are four coins in the main hallway, and a number of them in the Boos in the yard. Is there anything to gain from them other than health? Do I get anything for collecting them, perhaps in a particular order? window.onbeforeunload and window.onunload is not working in Firefox, Safari, Opera? How can we prove that for every pair $N \in \mathbb{N}$, and natural number $\beta\in [2, \infty)$ there exists a unique set of integers $x_i \in [0, \beta -1]$, $k\in [0,\infty)$ such that:  $$N = \sum_{i=0}^{k}\beta^ix_{i}, \quad $$  It's a question if every positive integer has its unique representation in every base $\beta$. Is the validity of above statement somehow related to Horner's rule? Eclipse freeze accessing project -> properties -> android tab I have a client whose workforce is comprised entirely of remote employees using a mix of Apple and Windows 7 PCs/laptops.   The users don't authenticate against a domain at the moment, but the organization would like to move in that direction for several reasons. These are company-owned machines, and the firm seeks to have some control over account deactivation, group policy and some light data-loss prevention (disable remote media, USB, etc.) They are concerned that requiring VPN authentication in order to access AD would be cumbersome, especially at the intersection of a terminated employee and cached credentials on a remote machine.  Most services in the organization are Google-based (mail, file, chat, etc.) so the only domain services are DNS and the auth for their Cisco ASA VPN.  The customer would like to understand why it is not acceptable to expose their domain controllers to the public. In addition, what is a more acceptable domain structure for a distributed remote workforce?  Edit:   is in use for a handful of Mac clients. Extract all the polygon coordinates from a SpatialPolygonsDataframe? I want to do something relatively simply but it seems to be very difficult to do, though I am very new to using R for spatial data so apologies if I've missed something obvious.  I have a list containing 161 shapefiles of bird distributions in the world, they are each in the format of a SpatialPolygonsDataFrame. I also have world climate data in a raster stack format for 8 variables. Both sets of files are in the same projection (lat and long WGS84). I want to create new columns for the climate data with 1's where the species polygon overlaps with the climate data and 0 where it doesn't. I tried various functions to do this, quite a few initial options didn't work, the best option appeared to be:  pnt.in.poly(XY coordinates of climate data points, XY coordinates of species polygon)   I changed my raster of climate data into points to get the XY coordinates. I unified the polygons for each species shapefile and then used:  species@polygons[[1]]@Polygons[[1]]@cords   to get the coordinates for my species polygons as a matrix. However, I discovered that:  species@polygons[[1]]@Polygons[[1]]@coords    wasn't actually getting all the coordinates of the polygons only some of them.  I tried using fortify from the ggplot package, and it gives me a dataframe with coordinates but some of them are for holes in the polygons. I ran that with the pnt.in.poly function excluding the holes but it took an hour to run and when I looked at the output maps after it matched for some of the range but not all of it- there were holes in the distribution where there shouldn't be holes.   I also tried this method that I found somewhere else:  lonlat &lt;- lapply(slot(species, "polygons"), function(x) lapply(slot(x,"Polygons"), function(y) slot(y, "coords")))    which gives me a list with 436 items- but I'm still not sure how to get the coordinates into a matrix form that will work in pnt.in.poly.  I'm sure this should be easier to do! Does anyone know a better way? Proving that if $A$ is a $8\times 8$ matrix over $\mathbb{R}$ and $A^3=A$, then $A$ is diagonalizable. If $A$ is a $8\times 8$ matrix over $\mathbb{R}$ and $A^3=A$ then prove that $A$ is diagonalizable.   I have got that the minimal polynomial of $A$ may be $x^3-x$ or $x$ or $x(x+1)$ or $x(x-1)$ in the 2nd case it is not possible in the 3rd and 4th cases the matrix will be the identity matrix or identity matrix multiplied by a scalar!  But I cannot reach any further.