I'm writing a book class document and use the appendix package also. I'm having some problem with the table of contents and the appendix section that appears in the ToC. So, in the table of contents contents  I have :  1 chapter_name 2 chapter_name 3 chapter_name A appendix_name B appendix_name   What I would like to have is instead :  1 chapter_name 2 chapter_name 3 chapter_name appendix_name appendix_name   I'm not able to remove the "A" and "B" letters from the ToC. Maybe because of the book class?   Anyone that can please help me with this problem?  Thanks very much, Michele.  Edit1: I'm my thesis now I solved the problem but with this code the problem still exists. I'm still trying to understand differences between my thesis and the code that follows.      Edit2: I was freaking out but I found a workaround to the problem (but now I wouldn't say the problem is 100% solved).  The trick is compile the code that follows, than comment the line \backmatter and recompile the code. In this way the first letter "A" and "B" disappeared. If you recompile for a second time the code with %\backmatter the problem of letters magically reappears!             \documentclass[a4paper,10pt]{book}    \usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}    \usepackage[titletoc]{appendix}    \usepackage{lipsum}    \begin{document}    \tableofcontents    \cleardoublepage    \mainmatter    \chapter{Chapter 1}    \lipsum    \chapter{Chapter 2}    \lipsum    \chapter{Chapter 3}    \lipsum    \chapter{Chapter 4}    \lipsum    \backmatter    \appendix    \begin{appendix}    \chapter[Appendix A]{Appendix A}    \lipsum    \end{appendix}    \begin{appendix}    \lipsum    \chapter[Appendix B]{Appendix B}    \end{appendix}            \end{document}
I am a newbie in Latex. My goal is to have the word "Chapter" in the title of any chapter, and the word "Appendix" in the title of appendix. I also want to add "Appendix" in TOC. However, using the following MWE from my university, I end up having "Appendix A" in TOC. How can I remove the letter "A" in TOC.  \documentclass[12]{thesis}  \RequirePackage{tocloft} \RequirePackage{titlesec} \usepackage[titletoc]{appendix}  \newcommand{\spacemultiplier}{1.5} \renewcommand{\baselinestretch}{\spacemultiplier}\normalsize  \renewcommand{\frontmatter}{ %TABLE OF CONTENTS \addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{Contents} {\renewcommand{\baselinestretch}{1}\normalsize \tableofcontents } \newpage \titleformat{\chapter}[display]{\renewcommand{\baselinestretch}{1.5}\LARGE\sc\fillast}{Chapter   \thechapter}{0pt}{}[\renewcommand{\baselinestretch}{\spacemultiplier}\normalsize] \titlespacing{\chapter}{0pt}{1.4cm}{20pt} \setcounter{chapter}{0} }  % Appendix setup \newcommand{\universityappendix}{ \appendix \titleformat{\chapter}[display]{\renewcommand{\baselinestretch}{1.5}\normalsize \LARGE\sc\fillast}{Appendix}{0pt}{} \titlespacing{\chapter}{0pt}{-30pt}{20pt} \renewcommand{\baselinestretch}{1.5}\normalsize }   \begin{document}  \frontmatter  \chapter{blah blah} This is a chapter  \universityappendix \begin{appendices} \chapter{blah blah} this is appendix \end{appendices} \end{document}   Thanks
Auto incrementing field based on groups within feature class? I am needing to auto increment a field based on groups within a feature class. I have 8 plots within a given polygon and I need to assign them an ID from 1-8 for each set of plots within each polygon. The polygon would have its own unique ID number to be used to group the plots.  I assume it would be an alteration of this:  rec=0 def autoIncrement():  global rec  pStart = 1   pInterval = 1   if (rec == 0):    rec = pStart   else:    rec = rec + pInterval   return rec Negative y value in polar plot I'm having some trouble with polar plots. I have to plot negative values, but without changing direction. I tried to set the ymin value to be negative, but it doesn't work.  \documentclass[10pt,border=10pt]{standalone} \usepackage{pgfplots} \usepgfplotslibrary{polar}  \begin{document} \begin{tikzpicture} \begin{polaraxis}[    xticklabel=$\pgfmathprintnumber{\tick}^\circ$,    ymin=-10,    xtick={0,30,...,330}] \addplot table{    0  -1     30 -2    45 -3    60 -4    75 -5    }; \end{polaraxis} \end{tikzpicture} \end{document}   Any suggestion?  For clarity, this is what I expected. Why do researchers need universities? This is a follow-up question to  and probably an even more naive question. If I'm understanding the answer correct, professors need funding to do research, but once they get it, the university takes some of the grant as overheads (to pay for office space, electricity, etc), and the cut the university takes is substantial.  Given that then, why do professors need universities? One could just apply for the grant as per normal, and once one gets it, buy a slightly bigger house and convert one of the rooms into a lab. One loses nothing to overheads, gets to work from home, has zero teaching duties, can choose to settle anywhere (no two-body problem!), and can even monitor an experiment 24/7. This gets even easier if one works in a field that doesn't need a physical lab. Further, presumably the grant covers postdoc salaries, so one would still be able to pay for postdocs (although probably not PhD students since a professor without a university will not be able to award a degree).   The obvious answer is that one cannot apply for a grant without a university, but Google indicates that's not the case, e.g.  only looks at one's previous accomplishments &amp; potential applications of the research result, both of which are independent of the university. I suppose one could lose journal access, but there's always stuff like arXiv / ResearchGate, emailing the authors of the desired paper, or even Scihub (oops). It's conceivable that not working for a university loses one some prestige, since one can no longer claim to be a professor. However even then I'd expect at least some academics to choose this path, valuing the convenience &amp; extra research funding over prestige.  If the answer to this varies from field to field, I'm most interested in the sciences. DSolve gets stuck on system of differential equations with unassigned variable How do I diff two text files in Windows Powershell? I have two text files and want to find the differences between them using Windows Powershell. Is there something similar to the Unix diff tool available? Or is there another other way I haven't considered?  I've tried compare-object, but get this cryptic output:  PS C:\&gt; compare-object one.txt two.txt  InputObject                                                 SideIndicator -----------                                                 ------------- two.txt                                                     =&gt; one.txt                                                     &lt;= Evaluate $\lim_{n \to \infty} \int_{0}^1 [x^n + (1-x)^n ]^{1/n} \ \mathrm{d}x$ User  answered the wonderful  question by mentioning the using keyword. Can you elaborate on that? What are the uses of using? distribution with point support How to fix very slow Ubuntu booting? Can md5 be used for encrypting data? I know that md5 shouldn't be used for password hashing because of collisions and possibility of making dictionary attacks e.g. using rainbow tables. But what about other uses? Can I use md5 for encrypting data?  Say, attacker gains access to database where sensitive data was stored using md5. He wants to know just this data that was hashed, not another data that gives this hash. Can he do it?  I know that there are better cryptographic hash functions so don't suggest to use them if md5 is enough. Consider the vectorspace of all real $m \times n$ vectors and define an    inner product $\langle A,B\rangle = \operatorname{tr}(B^T   A)$.    "tr" stands for "trace"        which is the sum of the diagonal entries of a matrix.   How do you prove that $\operatorname{tr}(B^T   A)$ is indeed a inner product?  Kind regards Good color palette, usable for the color blind. I'm designing a chart right now, that will slowly have more items added to it. I'd like to create an list/order of colors for the items, that will be most usable for the color blind to differentiate between each item. Any ideas how/where to start? From      Every linear function on a finite-dimensional space is continuous.   I was wondering what the domain and codomain of such linear function are?   Are they any two topological vector spaces (not necessarily the same), as along as the domain is finite-dimensional? Can the codomain be a different normed space (and may not be finite-dimensional)?  I asked this because I saw elsewhere the same statement except the domain is a finite-dimensional normed space, and am also not sure if the codomain can be a different normed space (and may not be finite-dimensional).  Thanks and regards! Delaunay triangulation to generate abstract networks and nodes Left alignment in TikZ Let $a,m,n \in \mathbf{N}$. Show that if $\gcd(m,n)=1$, then $\gcd(a,mn)=\gcd(a,m)\cdot\gcd(a,n)$. Let $a,m,n\in\mathbf{N}$. Show that if $\gcd(m,n)=1$, then $\gcd(a,mn)=\gcd(a,m)\cdot\gcd(a,n)$.  Proof:  Let $u,v\in\mathbf{Z}$ such that $\gcd(m,n)=um+vn=1$. Let $b,c\in\mathbf{Z}$ such that $\gcd(m,a)=ab+cm$. Let $d,e\in\mathbf{Z}$ such that $\gcd(a,n)=ad+en$.  So $\gcd(a,m)\cdot\gcd(a,n)=a^2bd+cmen+aben+emad$.  Where do I go from here? I have had several business loans and understand that this is not by any means typical.  I noticed that for a year my payments were not decreasing the principal on the loan. When I asked the bank why, I found out that at some point my payments were getting applied to principal only. Now I am paying interest off that was not paid for 6 months or so.  My banker states that he can change all the interest payments to principal payments. I am confused to why this would be. If I make all my principal payments first then would the bank lose a substantial amount of interest?  This has happened on 2 of the 3 loans I have looked at so far.  If they are willing to change all the payments to principal only, would this be beneficial to paying less interest ultimately? I assume there would be an interest account accruing somewhere that would need to be paid off at the end of the loan.  I understand that typically you have a loan balance that would include interest and principal. My balance owed did not change when I continued to make same payment? It gets applied to interest. The balance on the statement must not be a true balance. There must be interest owed above the balance showed but why would they do this to start with? They applied full payments to principle only first in order for interest to get to be more than several payments Ok, see the word "conscious" has the IPA /ˈkɑːnʃəs/ in the   However, when you listen clearly, you will feel like it should be /ˈkɑːntʃəs/ not /ˈkɑːnʃəs/.  So it should read /tʃ/ rather than /ʃ/.  In some other dictionaries, which use different transcription systems, they give the entry "ˈkän(t)-shəs" , for example in the . Here we see it with a /t/.  So, should the IPA for the word "conscious" be /ˈkɑːnʃəs/ or /ˈkɑːntʃəs/? How do I embed a gather environment within a custom environment? I've tried defining the following custom environment, but I get errors:     \begin{gather} ended by \end{solution}   etc...   Here's a MWE showing my problem:  \documentclass{article}  \usepackage[fleqn]{mathtools}  \newenvironment{solution}{%  &lt;-Solution   \par\addvspace{1em}   \itshape{Solution:}\par\begin{gather}}   {\end{gather}\par\normalfont\hfill\qed\par\addvspace{\medskipamount}}%  \begin{document}   \begin{gather}     testing   \end{gather}    %% This does not work:   \begin{solution}     testing   \end{solution} \end{document} Tighten rope without turnbuckles? I have two 4-ft x 4" x 4" wood posts, and each post has a screw eye. There's 12 feet of distance between each post.  How can I tighten a piece of 1/2" diameter rope that goes through each screw eye and it's stretched tightly without having to buy turnbuckles?  There has to be a knot just for this.