Return permission in number form of file/ directory Is there a way to return the file permissions in the format in which they are modified using chmod?  For example   chmod 755 thisdir   then   commandx thisdir   Would return 755, where commandx is some command used.
How to get permission number by string : -rw-r--r-- I need to set the same chmod, how to get number for -rw-r--r-- ?
I'm looking for a site, similar to StackOverflow, but with possibility to ask opinion based questions Since opinion based questions are not allowed neither here nor on stackoverflow, I would like to ask if any of you, know some other web page (outside Stack* ecosystem), where we can ask questions like:  "Which Java Web framework would you recommend to learn"   or any other, which by nature are opinion based.  EDIT1:  Allow me to explain a bit more - I know there are webgroups, forums and mailing lists BUT most of those are for single programming language or framework and I'm looking for something more generic. Stackoverflow is great because there are experts from all sort of programming languages and frameworks, so if it would be allowed to ask:   "Best web frameworks similar to ASP.NET MVC4"  I would get a lot of opinions, from different languages and frameworks, and that exactly what I'm looking for. Why is it called Area 51? According to : "We like the little aliens."  This seems well targeted to appeal to the Stack Overflow / Server Fault / Super User audience, but way off the mark if the goal is to "make the Internet a better place to get expert answers to your questions."    There are experts who aren't interested in or focused on technology oriented topics.  Little aliens are unlikely to be something that someone interested in organizing a site on gardening would gravitate too.  No, I'm not suggesting that no one interested in gardening would be bother to look at a site with little aliens, but won't it be likely that the sort of mass appeal to to a very broad cross section of the internet will be lacking? What are the key principles that effective designs share? You have arrived on this page because you are clearly curious about underlying fundamentals that you can incorporate into your thought process when designing.  According to many that came before us, there are key principles that can be considered when creating an effective design. In the following answers, you will find useful theories from a variety of respected sources.  Use this question as a reference for navigating the variety of topics:  Gestalt Principles  &nbsp;&nbsp;  &nbsp;&nbsp;  &nbsp;&nbsp;  &nbsp;&nbsp;  Other Fundamentals and Useful Information  &nbsp;&nbsp;  &nbsp;&nbsp;  &nbsp;&nbsp;  &nbsp;&nbsp;  If you know of a topic that hasn't been covered here, please add an answer with references to respected resources and it will be added to the list.  Of course direct quotes and paraphrasing from respected resources are a must, but should be limited to a small paragraph per topic at most and referenced back to their source as thoroughly as possible.  A  has been posted before, but not to create a collection of snippets that are enlightening for graphic designers of any and all skill levels. One click to site meta? Right now from a main site, it takes TWO CLICKS to get to http://meta.SITE.stackexchange.com/ - ONE!  TWO!    Why not ONE click on the &quot;Hot Meta Posts&quot; &amp; &quot;Featured On Meta&quot; - Zip all files in directory? Is there a way to zip all files in a given directory with the zip command? I've heard of using *.*, but I want it to work for extensionless files, too. Why can't I log into minecraft with a mojang account? I created a Mojang account and downloaded the Minecraft launcher, but when I started it up, I couldn't log in. Since the log in fields did not require a username, I tried typing in my email, and still couldn't log in. I've tried after resetting my password, but that didn't work either. What am I supposed to do to log in and play? I still do not understand what a  precisely is. Is it exactly the same as a particle? Or only an excited state?  And why does it make a peak in some diagrams? And which diagrams? How can the pixel values of a raster image be extracted under a polygon fishnet? I have a single band raster image of 30m by 30m resolution. I have already created a polygon fishnet (grid) of 300m by 300m with point labels over that. How can I extract the mean pixel value of the raster image overlaying each feature in the fishnet grid? Is it possible with Arcgis?  Please inform me. I know how to rename files in Unix:  $ mv ~/folder/subfolder/file.txt ~/folder/subfolder/file.sh       ^-------this part------^    ^------this part-------^   It takes too long time to repeat ~/folder/subfolder/file twice.  Is there a quicker way? Allowing a group Read-Write Access to a directory What do the symbols in service --status-all mean? I really miss the graphical "Services" tool from older versions of Ubuntu, but I understand why it had to go. I always have terminals open anyway, so I use (because I have to now, I guess) service --status-all to see what services are running. This would be ok except that the command produces output like the following:   [ + ]  winbind  [ ? ]  wpa-ifupdown  [ - ]  x11-common   I'm guessing that those symbols mean something like listening, blocked, or stopped, but which is which? More importantly, why doesn't the man page say? How do I use multirow in LaTeX? How do I code a table to look like this? I'm not the best at LaTeX and can't seem to wrap my head around \multirow. I checked other examples prior to posting but they used \multicolumn and it just confused me even more. Thanks in advance!    \begin{center} \begin{tabular}{ |c|c|c|c|c|}   \hline  TextA &amp; TextB &amp; TextC &amp; TextD &amp; TextE\\  \hline  A &amp; TextF &amp; TextG &amp; TextH &amp; TextI\\  B &amp; TextJ &amp; TextK &amp; TextL &amp; TextM\\  C &amp; \multirow{2}*{TextF} &amp; TextG &amp; TextH &amp; TextI\\  \cline{3-3}  &amp; TextJ &amp; TextK \\ \hline \end{tabular} \end{center}   I was trying something like this.. I'm starting to have problems as I'm trying to multirow within a multirow? I'm not sure of the process here. I would like TextG to be split into 2 and TextH and TextI to be the cells which are split in 3 but not sure how to go about it. Will then TextJ and TextK be the contents of the split TextG cell? What should I do if a user posts sensitive information as part of a question or answer? I've observed several incidents where users inadvertently posted detailed, sensitive information. For example, a Server Fault user who posted a question with working login credentials to his actual production server, or the Stack Overflow user who posted actual medical records as example data for his question.   What should be the procedure for handling such cases? Is it acceptable to take photos of slides at a conferences for private use? Is it accepted/appropriate to take pictures of presentation slides at conferences for private use?   I am not talking about putting those pictures out in the public afterwards, I know this is illegal without consent of the presenter.    Should it matter, I am talking about math conferences.  And I am asking because I don't see anyone taking pictures. If $\gcd (a,b) = 1$, what can be said about $\gcd (a+b,a-b)$? Suppose $a, b \in \mathbb{Z}$, $a &gt; b$, and $\gcd (a,b) = 1$.  What can be said about $\gcd (a+b,a-b)$?  Is it true in general that $\gcd (a+b,a-b) \leq 2$? Removable singularities and an entire function Function $f(z)$ is an entire function such that $$|f(z)| \le |z^{n}|$$ for $z \in \mathbb{C}$ and some $n \in \mathbb{N}$.  Show that the singularities of the function $$\frac {f(z)}{z^{n}}$$ are removable. What can be implied about the function $f(z)$ if moreover $f(1) = i$? Draw a far-reaching conclusion.  My attempt: If the singularities of $\frac {f(z)}{z^{n}}$ are removable, it is entire (not sure, need help with the justification) and bounded, so constant from Liouville's theorem, the constant value of the funcion is $i$, hence $f(z)=iz^{n}$.   But what about the $n$ here, is it arbitrary? Could somebody help me prove the removability of the singularities and suggest if my attempt is going the right way? Show rigorously that the sum of integrals of $f$ and of its inverse is $bf(b)-af(a)$ Suppose $f$ is a continuous, strictly increasing function defined on a closed interval $[a,b]$ such that $f^{-1}$ is the inverse function of $f$. Prove that,   $$\int_{a}^bf(x)dx+\int_{f(a)}^{f(b)}f^{-1}(x)dx=bf(b)-af(a)$$   A high school student or a Calculus first year student will simply, possibly, apply change of variable technique, then integration by parts and he/she will arrive at the answer without giving much thought into the process. A smarter student would probably compare the integrals with areas and conclude that the equality is immediate.  However, I am an undergrad student of Analysis and I would want to solve the problem "carefully". That is, I wouldn't want to forget my definitions, and the conditions of each technique. For example, while applying change of variables technique, I cannot apply it blindly; I must be prudent enough to realize that the criterion to apply it includes continuous differentiability of a function. Simply with $f$ continuous, I cannot apply change of variables technique.  Is there any method to solve this problem rigorously? One may apply the techniques of integration (by parts, change of variables, etc.) only after proper justification.  The reason I am not adding any work of mine is simply that I could not proceed even one line since I am not given $f$ is differentiable. However, this seems to hold for non-differentiable functions also.  I would really want some help. Pictorial proofs and/or area arguments are invalid. Change rep required to downvote on MSE I'd like to be able to find out which process is currently using a certain port in Linux. Is there any way to do this? What's the full-form & significance of USS & ISS prefixes in name of Star Trek starships? In the Star Trek normal universe, almost all of Starfleet's starships were named with the prefix USS: Count from . Some popular ones: USS Enterprise - series, USS Stargazer, USS Exeter, USS Defiant, USS Excelsior, USS Voyager, USS Titan, USS Reliant, USS Equinox, USS Grissom, USS Relativity, etc.  In the mirror universe, Starfleet's starships were named with the prefix ISS. We don't have a big list, but we do see these: ISS Enterprise NX-01, ISS Enterprise NCC-1701, ISS Avenger.  What's the full form of USS &amp; ISS in Star Trek canon?  In the real world, the US Navy uses USS in ship names, which is reasonable as "United States Ship", but why is it used in Star Trek canon (in which there's no US to control starships)?  In the mirror universe, USS is replaced with ISS. Why? Does ISS have a meaning opposite from that of USS?