I have been working on a project for indoor navigation.  I made the floorplan of the building and road-map for routing purposes as shp files (using JOSM, making GeoJSON and then converting to shp file using )  Then using POST GIS ShapeFile Loader (of pgAdmin III) I imported road-map(route.shp) to the database.  In QGIS, i was able to use the shortest path plugin to do the routing   //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////  EDITED  ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// The following are screen shots of route     The following are screen shots of route_vertices_pgr     When I tried to use the pgrouting plugin of QGIS , I got the below error   What am I doing wrong?
Thats my . I loaded this to PostgreSQL DB using PostGIS shape file loader. I ran pgr_anlayzeGraph() on it and found it had a lot of isolated segments.  Next I ran pgr_nodeNetwork() to create a new table 'ways_ways'. I made the topology  for it and ran the following query in Qgis sql window.   SELECT * FROM ways_ways JOIN (SELECT seq, id1 AS node, id2 AS edge, cost FROM  pgr_astar('SELECT id, source, target, cost, x1, y1, x2, y2 FROM ways_ways',  1, 108, false, false) )AS route ON ways_ways.id = route.node;   Given below are the screenshots: Original floorplan and the prescribed route  query ouput   Clearly , I don't have a continuous output. I ran pgr_analyseGraph on ways_ways to find that it has no more isolated segments . It has 51 deadends, which is acceptable.   Did I miss any step in pgrouting? Is there anyway to see which node has id 1 and id 108 in qgis?  i ran the same query in another map(which i downloaded) and got output for all possible source and target ids. So how can i create a way(a route) that is completely noded?
Why are properties lost in the Cayley–Dickson construction? In some papers or documents, "linear times series" seems to refer to a time series that can be modeled as a linear AR (auto-regressive) model.   In other places, "linear time series" seems to refer to a time series with a linear trend.   When someone just drops "linear time series" out of the blue without any context, what do they mean usually? ASP.NET MVC controller actions that return JSON or partial html I am trying to create controller actions which will return either JSON or partial html depending upon a parameter. What is the best way to get the result returned to an MVC page asynchronously? How to acknowledge a deceased advisor’s contributions to a paper? One of my advisors suddenly passed away while I was in graduate school.  We had some discussions and ideas about future publications, but he passed away before any of the work was completed.  When the work was finally completed and published, I and my co-authors were therefore presented with an ethical dilemma about how best to acknowledge his contributions to the ideas behind the paper.  Should we list him as a co-author?  Put him in the acknowledgements?  Listing him as an author would give credit for the original idea, however, we would have no way of knowing if he actually approved of—and would want his name attached to—our methods and writing.  In the end my co-authors and I decided to list him as a co-author with a footnote stating that he passed away before publication.  I’m interested to hear from others who have been in similar situations and/or suggestions on what constitutes “co-authorship” when one of one’s collaborators passes away before the publication or work is complete. I am running 14.04 and have a HP Deskjet 2545 wireless printer which is supported by Ubuntu. I have run HpLIP, the latest version and installed the printer.  The printer is recognised by Ubuntu, printer and network, but LibreOffice do not see the printer. Only a Generic printer.  I don't know what to do anymore and would like to get some good advice I am looking for a correct proof of this statement: If $G$ is a group such that $G/Z(G)$ is cyclic, then $G$ is commutative.  Proof: $G/Z(G)$ is isomorphic to $\operatorname{Inn}(G)$ and is cyclic, and then for every $a$ and $b$ in $G$ the inner isomorphisms $\gamma_a$ and $\gamma_b$ satisfy $\gamma_a \gamma_b = \gamma_{ab} = \gamma_{ba} = \gamma_b \gamma_a$, and therefore for every $a,b \in G$, $ab = ba$.  Is that proof complete, or am I missing something? Thanks a lot for the help. 2 different passports with different surnames We denote the s value of an ECDSA signature $(r, s)$ on a message $m$ as: $s=\frac{H(m)+xr}{k}$  Assume two ECDSA signatures sharing the same nonce $(r, s_1) , (r, s_2)$ on two messages $m_1, m_2$, that verify under two pubkeys $x_1G, x_2G$.    If the two public keys are equal then the secret keys should be equal $x_1 = x_2$ and we can easily recover the $k$ using the standard attack on nonce reuse. Once we know $k$ we can recover the secret key.  $\frac{H(m_1)-H(m_2)}{(s_1 - s_2)} =\frac{k(H(m_1)-H(m_2))}{H(m_1)-H(m_2)+x_1r - x_2r}$  $x_1 = x_2 \rightarrow x_1r - x_2r = 0$  $\frac{H(m_1)-H(m_2)}{(s_1 - s_2)} =\frac{k(H(m_1)-H(m_2))}{H(m_1)-H(m_2)} = k$  My question is can this attack be made to work if the secret keys are not equal i.e. $x_1 \ne x_2$:  $\frac{H(m_1)-H(m_2)}{(s_1 - s_2)} =\frac{k(H(m_1)-H(m_2))}{H(m_1)-H(m_2)+x_1r - x_2r} = \frac{k(H(m_1)-H(m_2))}{H(m_1)-H(m_2)+ (x_1 - x_2)r}$  If you know either $x_1 - x2$ or $\frac{x_1}{x_2}$  you should be able to compute $k$ as long as $s_1 \ne s_2$.  You can calculate $x_1 - x_2 = \frac{H(m_2) - H(m_1)}{r}$ in case where $s_1 - s_2 = 0$. However this case seems to reduce to the hardness of ECDSA since anyone can compute the pubkey for a new message $m_2$ that verifies under first signature $(s, r)$ using public key recovery.  If $s_1 \ne s_2$ you can compute $\frac{x_1 - x_2}{k}$ which allows you to convert $s_1$ into $s_2$ and vice versa. Phrase for a situation where a problem disappears when you are about to fix it, but reappears later For example, the car mechanic can't replicate the problem you are having every day, but when you drive it off the service dept, there it is again. Or, when seeing the dentist, the tooth ache goes away, and comes back when you leave. Redirecting stdout to a file you don't have write permission on When you attempt to modify a file without having write permissions on it, you get an error:  &gt; touch /tmp/foo &amp;&amp; sudo chown root /tmp/foo &gt; echo test &gt; /tmp/foo zsh: permission denied: /tmp/foo   Sudoing doesn't help, because it runs the command as root, but the shell handles redirecting stdout and opens the file as you anyway:  &gt; sudo echo test &gt; /tmp/foo zsh: permission denied: /tmp/foo   Is there an easy way to redirect stdout to a file you don't have permission to write to, besides opening a shell as root and manipulating the file that way?  &gt; sudo su # echo test &gt; /tmp/foo Should you run when under rain? When it's raining, would you get less wet if you run or more wet?  I think you will get less wet, because rain is coming down in a constant volume and if you run you will have a shorter amount of time you will get less volume  I'm not too sure though, some people say when you run you are running into a more volume of rain because rain is not all coming up to down, it will hit you more horizontally RAR password cracker Does the  file format use a serious encryption (such as )?  Will it take unfeasibly long to brute force a password?  If not, what tools do you suggest that do so automatically? Estimate the population variance from a set of means Why didn't the Alliance send for Yoda instead of Obi-Wan? Get Edge / Vertex / Face from mouse position Singular values of the data matrix and eigenvalues of the covariance matrix Map not loading when using getLegend and showing error for getView() I was able to run my application on using Legend earlier but now I want to update my Legend when scrolling on the map. So I tried to used this code  . And I got the gist of how he is able to do that but when I am trying the same I keeping getting the error var graphicUrl = wmsSource.getLegendUrl(currentResolution);  I think this is mainly due to the wmsSource not declare. But I tried to initialize  seems wmsSource in TileWMS but does not seems to work. var getExtent = function () {     return map.getView().calculateExtent(); } var getProjectionCode = function () {     return map.getView().getProjection().getCode(); }  var updateLegend = function() {     var currentResolution = map.getView().getResolution();     var graphicUrl = wmsSource.getLegendUrl(currentResolution);        const crs = `&amp;CRS=${getProjectionCode()}`;     const bbox = `&amp;BBOX=${getExtent().join(',')}`;     const height = getHeight(getExtent());     const width = getWidth(getExtent());     const heightAndWidth = `&amp;srcwidth=${height}&amp;srcheight=${width}` ;     const legenOptions = &quot;&amp;legend_options=countMatched:true;fontAntiAliasing:true;hideEmptyRules:true;forceLabels:on&quot; ;        var img = document.getElementById('legend');     img.src = `${graphicUrl}${crs}${bbox}${heightAndWidth}${legenOptions}`; }; //Updated Legend End   //View var myview = new ol.View({     center : [8717490.201868,2788422.791843],     zoom : 4 })  var firstSel = document.getElementById(&quot;City&quot;); var secSel = document.getElementById(&quot;Sector&quot;);  //var LayerArray = [baseLayer, firstLayer]  //Map var map = new ol.Map({       target : 'mymap',       view: myview,       layers: [         new ol.layer.Tile({             source : new ol.source.OSM({                 attributions: 'Surveyor Allpication'             })         }),         new ol.layer.Tile({             source : new ol.source.TileWMS({                url: 'http://localhost:8089/geoserver/India/wms',                params: {'LAYERS': 'India:India', 'TILED': true,'TRANSPARENT':true},                ratio: 1,                serverType: 'geoserver',                transition: 0,             })         })       ] }) updateLegend();   This here is my JS &lt;div class=&quot;innerMap&quot;&gt;     &lt;div class=&quot;map&quot; id=&quot;mymap&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;         Legend:     &lt;div&gt;&lt;img id=&quot;legend&quot;/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;     &lt;!--    &lt;div&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;http://localhost:8089/geoserver/wms?REQUEST=GetLegendGraphic&amp;VERSION=1.0.0&amp;FORMAT=image/png&amp;WIDTH=20&amp;HEIGHT=20&amp;LAYER=India%3AIndia&amp;RULE=Agra&quot; /&gt;%Name&lt;/div&gt; --&gt; &lt;!--    &lt;div&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;http://localhost:8089/geoserver/India/wms?SERVICE=WMS&amp;VERSION=1.1.1&amp;REQUEST=GetLegendGraphic&amp;FORMAT=image/png&amp;WIDTH=20&amp;HEIGHT=20&amp;LAYER=India%3AIndia&amp;SRS=EPSG%3A4326&amp;STYLES=&amp;SRCWIDTH=742&amp;SRCHEIGHT=768&amp;BBOX=75.4541015625%2C14.21630859375%2C91.7578125%2C31.09130859375&amp;LEGEND_OPTIONS=countMatched:true;fontAntiAliasing:true;hideEmptyRules:true&quot; /&gt; &lt;/div&gt;  --&gt;     &lt;/div&gt;  This is my HTML. How do I make this work? A while ago I upgraded from Ubuntu 17.04 to Ubuntu 17.10 and everything is working fine except for the fact that the icon in the window title bar of my Terminal seems to be stretched out to some ridiculous size.    This only seems to happen in the Terminal window. The Nautilus icon is completely fine.    The problem seems to go away if I login into an Xorg session instead of a Wayland one. I've looked around and didn't find any immediate solution to this. Any help would be greatly appreciated. What evidence is there that 'to' belongs to any particular part of speech? Reopen note:  There is a quite finite and modest amount of evidence in the literature about this issue, which members can record here as they see fit. Less than there is for example about what a noun is or what a verb is, or how to tell what the Subject of a sentence is. It's a simple question, that people need to be able to get answered on a site such as this. It is of continuing interest as more recent questions such as  attest to. The fact that people disagree about the outcome of the evidence does not mean that there is too much evidence to be documented. Quite the reverse. They disagree because there is relatively little evidence altogether. However, it is seriously interesting evidence.   The question   What part of speech is to as in:   I need to know. To err is human, to forgive divine. What am I to do?   This question is not really about the difference in meaning between the examples. It is a question about what grammatical or syntactic reasons we have to classify this item as a particular part of speech. If arguing that it is 'its own part of speech', I'd like to know what grammatical - but not historical - reasons you have for your claim.   Just to clarify, I'm not asking about what assignment any particular authority or publication gives it. I'm interested to know the reasons why. Your own personal insights are also very welcome.  If you're a grammar anorak - like me - then you may want a list of the contenders out there from other grammarians. In no particular order:   preposition subordinator non-finite auxiliary verb modal verb inflectional element   Can you help? I am looking to sell and buy a house. But with the current market being as crazy as it is (houses are selling fast for sometimes 150,000 over asking), I'm afraid if we sell first, we could be stuck without a new house. Or stuck settling on or over-paying for something and wishing we never sold at all. I'm wondering if it's possible to buy first. What is the best way to secure my next house before selling my current house without getting locked into a B-lender mortgage or risking too much?  I know there would be some risk putting an offer on a new house without knowing how much the current house will sell for, or the risk we don't sell the current house before the new house closes. I'm also afraid conditional offers will not be considered. Are there any other options?  (We do have a mortgage on the current house, but because the market has gone up so much there is also a good chunk of equity.)