I need to create two custom modules in Drupal 7. The two custom modules will implement the same hook. How can I guarantee the order of execution for the two custom module? I mean module1 will run first then module2 OR the reverse order?
if there is two modules A and B and both have same user_login hook. so when i log in. out of A_user_login() and B_user_login() function which one called first.and how drupal decide execution order of these two function
While I applaud the excellent work of , the question has come up:     How long will be the elected moderator’s “mandate”? Is it for life, or are we going to have “moderator elections” regularly?   Of course, any community moderator who wishes to recuse him or herself can certainly do that at any time.   Should we have term limits that require community moderators be cycled out periodically, so others get a chance to moderate? Should we hold regular (say, yearly) moderator elections? Is it better to have a larger pool of community moderators, and let the normal ebb and flow of turnover get us "natural" variability in moderation?   What are your thoughts on this? Why use apparently meaningless do-while and if-else statements in macros? 10% rule for sample sizes In an introductory stats book by Nicole Radziwell "Statistics the easy way with R" , an assumption used  for nearly every statistical test (e.g.t-tets, anova, etc) is that the sample size should not be more than 10% of the population size (where the population size in known).   I havent seen it mentioned in other introductory stats books. My question is: how important is theis assumotion and what is the reason for it?  The author didn't say where this comes from (at least as far as I could see). A bit of googling suggests that it refers to making a simple random sample without replacement, if the sample size is above 10% then the observations wont be (approximately) independent, and indepedence of observations is an assumption stated in most textbooks.   In the case where you have a small population (e.g. &lt;50), should you give up on this assumption because it results in sample sizes too small to get decent estimates of variability and to check other assumptions such as normality.    Thank you for any insights. Since a while, 2 weeks, Dropbox does not startup anymore on my laptop running Ubuntu 12.04 LTS with GNOME shell.  When I run dropbox start -i in the console I get the following output.    Starting Dropbox...Traceback (most recent call last):   File "/usr/bin/dropbox", line 1387, in &lt;module&gt;     ret = main(sys.argv)   File "/usr/bin/dropbox", line 1376, in main     result = commands[argv[i]](argv[i+1:])   File "/usr/bin/dropbox", line 1247, in start     if not start_dropbox():   File "/usr/bin/dropbox", line 731, in start_dropbox     stderr=sys.stderr, stdout=f, close_fds=True)   File "/usr/lib/python2.7/subprocess.py", line 679, in __init__     errread, errwrite)   File "/usr/lib/python2.7/subprocess.py", line 1249, in _execute_child     raise child_exception   OSError: [Errno 8] Exec format error   I already removed Dropbox and reinstalled it. What should I do to fix this? Many spells have "At higher levels" that provides for more targets or more damage.  For example Magic Missile can be cast as a second level spell and shoot 4 missiles instead of it's 3 as a first level spell.  Can a spell without that verbiage, such as Firestorm be cast in higher level slots for the same effect as the lower level spell? I am a economics major undergraduate student who will apply for grad schools in the coming semester. I think I have quite a strong research experience in mathematical statistics (asymptotic statistics to be specific), but, unfortunately, not much in economics itself. So I am curious if economics departments in graduate schools will care about my research experience in statistics?  Maybe a broader question is if grad schools care about applicants' research experience in a different (maybe even unrelated) field at all? I guess in my case statistics and economics are still quite correlated, but what about other more distant combinations of target departments and previous research experience? Proximal Operator Fixed Point Property for Matrices $\newcommand{\prox}{\operatorname{prox}}$ $\newcommand{\argmin}{\operatorname{argmin}}$ $\newcommand{\dom}{\operatorname{dom}}$  Recall again that the proximal operator for vectors $\prox_{f}: R^n \rightarrow R^n$ of $f$ is defined as:  $\prox_f(v) := \argmin_{x} \left(f(x) +(1/2)\|x-v\|_2^2 \right) $,  where $f: R^n \rightarrow R \cup \infty$ is a closed proper convex function and $\|\cdot \|_2$ is the Euclidean norm. $\prox$ is strongly convex and not everywhere infinite, so there it will have a unique minimizer for every $v \in R^n$  The crucial property of proximal operator is that $x^*$ minimizes $f(x)$ iff $x^* = \prox_f(x^*)$, i.e. $x^*$ is a fixed point of $\prox_f$.  Let us consider the proof of this property. The first part, namely, that if $x^*$ minimizes $f$ then $\prox_f(x^*)=x^*$, is trivial:  $f(x) +(1/2)\|x-x^*\|_2^2 \le f(x^*) = f(x^*) +(1/2)\|x^*-x^*\|_2^2$  The second part uses the notion of subdifferential. In the proof authors say that $\tilde{x}$ minimizes  $f(x) +(1/2)\|x-v\|_2^2$  i.e. $\tilde{x} = \prox_f(v)$ iff $0 \in \partial f(\tilde{x}) + (\tilde{x}-v)$,   where the sum is of a set and a point. Recall the definition of the subdifferential:  $\partial f(x) = \{ y$ |  $ f(z)\le f(x) + y^T(z-x)$ $\forall z \in \dom{f}\}$  Take $\tilde{x}=v=x^*$, it follows that $0 \in \partial f(x^*)$ so $x^*$ minimizes $f$.  Question 1:  Consider proximal operator defined for matrices now:  $\prox_f(Y) := \argmin_{X} \left(f(X) +(1/2)\|X-Y\|^2 \right)$,  where $X$ is some real $m$ by $n$ matrix. What norm function should be taken in the definition of the $\prox$ in this case? Frobenius? Or spectral norm (induced 2nd norm) which is the largest eigenvalue (is spectral norm even differentiable?)? Or something else?  Question 2:   Can the norm for the definition of $\prox$ in case of matrices be chosen in different ways? What conditions does the proof above impose on the norm function? I've got two branches that are fully merged together. However, after the merge is done, I realise that one file has been messed up by the merge (someone else did an auto-format, gah), and it would just be easier to change to the new version in the other branch, and then reinsert my one line change after bringing it over into my branch. So what's the easiest way in Git to do this? How do I enumerate the properties of a JavaScript object? XeLaTeX font rendering tend to be slightly bolder compared to PDFlatex Which expressions can be used to close an email? At the end of written communication like emails and letters, it is customary to use a closing . Which formal and informal expressions can be used to end emails? How to download all files from Ubuntu One? Differences among "It feels...", "It looks...", and "It seems..." Does the new guidance on duplicate questions suggest closing a question as duplicate, if the original answers the OP's question? In other words, should we now look at the content of the answers when we are evaluating questions for possible duplication?  Is it sufficient to say "Your answer can be found in this question over here, therefore your question is a duplicate?"  The new guidance is here:    Among other things, it describes the new close banner:     This question already has an answer here:   Link to the Duplicate Question   ... which seems to suggest that, if some other question in the system answers the OP's question, then the OP's question can be closed as a duplicate on that basis (even if the question itself is not necessarily duplicated).  Example Here:    Note the comments below the question, where I dispute the assertion made there that it is a duplicate question.  The original question doesn't mention unit testing. Smoke Generator does not work When I try to run the smoke simulator in Blender 2.62 I get no smoke at all. When I attempt to render, the only output is a black screen. What am I doing wrong here that is making the smoke simulation not render?  Is it a mistake I made, or a problem with Blender version 2.62? I've got a few macros that perform floating point lookups and calculations for me and I'm interesting in plotting their results. They're the kind of calculation which requires if/else, so they can't be easily written as a simple math formula for \addplot.  Thanks to a previous question (), I now know to use \pgfmathdeclarefunction, but after trying it I've found that addplot seems to prepend a "0Y" or "1Y" to values before passing them as function arguments. My external macros aren't prepared to handle this extra text, and I'm not sure why it's there.   In the course of testing things out, I've also found that calling a function defined with pgfmathdeclarefunction can also change the positioning of the graph...  \documentclass{article}  \usepackage{xparse}  \usepackage{pgfplots} \pgfplotsset{compat=1.10}  \begin{document}  % Example of a macro which does math outside of pgf     \ExplSyntaxOn     \DeclareExpandableDocumentCommand \doubleMacro { m }%      {%       \fp_eval:n { #1*2 }%Math performed by a package other than pgfplots      }%     \ExplSyntaxOff    %Demo: macro does work in regular text \doubleMacro{1.1}.  % Defining custom pgf functions for plotting      \pgfmathdeclarefunction{mathDoubleMacro}{1}{%         \pgfmathparse{\doubleMacro{#1}} %Calls macro which performs math done by another package     }      \pgfmathdeclarefunction{mathDoublePgf}{1}{%         \pgfmathparse{#1*2} %Uses pgf to do the same thing as an external macro could     }  %Generic plot with function given directly to \addplot \begin{center} \begin{tikzpicture}     \begin{axis}         \addplot[domain=0:1] {2*x};     \end{axis} \end{tikzpicture} \end{center}  %Plot using first macro: complains about 'Unknown fp word Y.' \begin{center} \begin{tikzpicture}     \begin{axis}         %\addplot[domain=0:1] {mathDoubleMacro(x)};%Commented out because it gives problems     \end{axis} \end{tikzpicture} \end{center}  %Plot using second macro: works, but graph is displaced to the right of the expected position \begin{center} \begin{tikzpicture}     \begin{axis}         \addplot[domain=0:1] {mathDoublePgf(x)};     \end{axis} \end{tikzpicture} \end{center}  \end{document}   If I define mathDoubleMacro as calling a non-existent macro, then the errors show which x-values which the addplot is trying to evaluate y at:    0Y0.0e0  1Y4.1666e-2 1Y8.3332e-2 ...  1Y9.9998401e-1   What are these nY's all about, and why does \addplot[domain=0:1] {mathDoublePgf(x)} give a graph with different positioning? YA dystopia novel of battle school with unusual military control scheme Check synchronously if file/directory exists in Node.js How can I draw a tangent ending smoothly in a circle? I'm trying to draw a tanget on a circle, but I'm not happy with the result I get from the tangent option.    particularly, I'd like to have the lines ending smoothly in the circle. The problem is shown enlarged here:      Here is the code for this mininmal example  \documentclass{standalone} \usepackage{tikz} \usetikzlibrary{calc}  \begin{document}   \begin{tikzpicture}[thick]     \node[draw,circle,xshift=2.2cm] (big) [minimum size=25mm] {};     \node[draw,circle] (small) [minimum size=2mm] {};     \draw (small.south) -- (tangent cs:node=big,point={(small.south)});     \draw (small.north) -- (tangent cs:node=big,point={(small.north)},solution=2);    \end{tikzpicture} \end{document}   I'd greatly appreciate any advice allowing me to do this! Uniformly convergent implies equicontinuous I'm trying to prove that if I have a sequence of continuously differentiable functions $f_n$ that converge uniformly on $[a,b]$, then $\{f_n\}$ is equicontinuous for all $x_0 \in [a, b]$. My idea is to use uniform convergence to deal with the &quot;tail&quot; and then use continuity to deal with the finitely many $f_n$'s left. But I'm having trouble writing it down.