Related-key attacks can break AES-192 and AES-256 with complexities 2^176 and 2^99.5, respectively.   Quote from:   It seems that more bits/key length doesn't necessarily mean more (confidence in) security (At least above a certain minimum key length).
From a paper via Schneier on Security's  (emphasis mine):  In the case of AES-128, there is no known attack which is faster than the 2128 complexity of exhaustive search. However, AES-192 and AES-256 were recently shown to be breakable by attacks which require 2176 and 2119 time, respectively. While these complexities are much faster than exhaustive search, they are completely non-practical, and do not seem to pose any real threat to the security of AES-based systems. In this paper we describe several attacks which can break with practical complexity variants of AES-256 whose number of rounds are comparable to that of AES-128.  Is the implication here that AES-192 is stronger than AES-256? If so, in simple terms, how is that possible?  The attack exploits the fact that the key schedule for 256-bit version is pretty lousy -- something we pointed out in our 2000 paper -- but doesn't extend to AES with a 128-bit key.  Again, in simple terms, what does that mean? In practice, does this mean I should drop AES-256 in favor of its 128-bit counterpart, like Schneier recommends in the comments?  That being said, the key schedule for AES-256 is very poor. I would recommend that people use AES-128 and not AES-256.
update-alternatives --install says it needs link name path priority? I typed:  sudo update-alternatives --install "/usr/bin/java" "java" "/usr/lib/jvm/ jdk1.8.0/bin/java" 1   It's says alternatives --install needs link name path priority Missing font on some error and dupehammer info popups Some popups like the dupehammer explanation popup or the validation error ones on the  do not have the right fonts - the browser has to fall back to a default and quite ugly font instead.  Interestingly, this does not happen for validation popups on posting a question - those remain fine.  Tested with both Firefox and Microsoft Edge. Consider a block cipher with a key of size 128 bits but a small block size, say 32 bits.  Is this kind of block cipher secure?  I would like to know to what extent I can use a small block cipher, like a 32 bit block cipher. What are the constraints so that the use is acceptable in a real life application.  For instance, if we use a one-time key, that is, to encrypt only one message. Besides, the message could be small.  Suppose that when we want so send one file, we perform a key agreement so that we use the key for one message. This scenario is not efficient, but the CPA find-then-guess game is not adequate in this case. If a mass moves close to the speed of light, does it turn into a black hole? I'm a big fan of the podcast Astronomy Cast and a while back I was listening to a Q&amp;A episode they did. A listener sent in a question that I found fascinating and have been wondering about ever since.   From the show :      Arunus Gidgowdusk from Lithuania asks: "If you took a one kilogram mass and accelerated it close to the speed of light would it form into a black hole? Would it stay a black hole if you then decreased the speed?"   Dr. Gay, an astrophysicist and one of the hosts, explained that she'd asked a number of her colleagues and that none of them could provide a satisfactory answer. I asked her more recently on Facebook if anyone had come forward with one and she said they had not.  So I thought maybe this would be a good place to ask. Proof of Steinitz Theorem I want a source containing the proof of Steinitz Isomorphism Theorem stating:     For any Dedekind domain $R$ and any two nonzero ideals $I$ and $J$ of $R$ we have $I⊕J≅R⊕IJ$.   Thanks! I've recently updated to Ubuntu 20.04. When English is not the chosen language all shortcuts don't work (such as Ctrl + C, Ctrl + A, etc). It was working fine in the previous versions. What happened and What can I do to fix it? I've been having an argument with a colleague about this sentence, could you please let me know which one of us is correct:     There are no shortage of applications for our product in this   space.   She is convinced that are should be replaced by is, and I think it should stand as it is. Thanks for your help! Alternative for Notepad++? Prove that if $f$ is a real continuous function such that $|f|\le 1$ then $|\int_{|z|=1} f(z)dz| \le 4$ I've encountered the following problem in complex analysis:  Prove that if $f$ is a real continuous function such that $|f|\le 1$ then $|\int_{|z|=1} f(z)dz| \le 4$.  I've decomposed $f$ to it's real and imaginary parts and got that it's enough to prove that:  $(\int_0^{2\pi}cos(\theta)g(\theta)d\theta)^2 +(\int_0^{2\pi}sin(\theta)g(\theta)d\theta)^2 \le 16$   Where $g(\theta)=f(e^{i\theta})$.   But now I'm stuck. Any ideas?  Thanks What are the limitations on the Shape Water cantrip? I have been having a discussion regarding the Shape Water cantrip from the Elemental Evil Player's Companion. A friend and I are trying to come to an accurate view of how this spell actually functions.   Some example questions:   Must the targeted water be within a 5 foot cube area, or does it need to be of a volume not exceeding 125 cubic feet? If you shape water that is within a 5 foot cube, can the final shape you animate it to extend outside the cube? Can you cause the shaping to affect ice and snow, or only liquid water? Would you be able to carry a globe of water alongside you over distances?   Really, there are two parts:    What can be targeted by the spell? What are the limitations on the 'shape and animate' portion of the spell?   The answer I am looking for, if possible, would use the language of the spell, possibly with precedent from other game text, to clearly define the limitations of this cantrip. How to customize the ubuntu gnome 3 desktop? This is maybe a stupid question, but how can I choose my own background image on ubuntu gnome 3?? I click on Settings -> Background -> then I click on the current background preview to change it but I see only the defaults images! No + symbol to add or something. On the 'Pictures' tab there is nothing to select, I get an empty white page? I am running ubuntu gnome 13.04 3.9.6-030906-generic.  Thanks! What is the Euler Totient of Zero? Wolfram MathWorld defines the Euler Totient function as follows:  The totient function phi(n), also called Euler's totient function, is defined     as the number of positive integers &lt;=n that are relatively prime to (i.e., do  not contain any factor in common with) n, where 1 is counted as being  relatively prime to all numbers   By this definition would $\phi(0)=0$? Normal subgroup of a normal subgroup Let $F,G,H$ be groups such that $F\trianglelefteq G \trianglelefteq H$.  I am asked whether we necessarily have $F\trianglelefteq H$. I think the answer is no but I cannot find any counterexample with usual groups. Is there a simple case where this property is not true? Why are conference papers so important in computer science (CS)? From my understanding many CS conferences are highly selective and the papers are peer-reviewed. The CS field also seems to publish traditional journal articles. I do not understand the difference between the two and in particular I am curious about the advantages of having two different publication streams. The type of things I am curious about are:   What is the difference between a paper published in a top CS conference and a top specialist journal? Is one more prestigious than another and if so how do they line up? Why not just publish conference papers as a special issues of a journal? On  (but I remember seeing it in other cases) the diff shows the same tag being both added and removed. How to center text vertically within a textbox in Photoshop It's pretty annoying that you can't center text vertically in Ps automatically, like you can in Indd. It's even more annoying that the bounding box of text can't be 'collapsed' or 'fit to text', like in Indd.  I could convert the text to shape, but then I lose coloring. I could convert to smart object, but then its not vector anymore, for when I export to pdf.  Is there a work around anyone knows of that would make it easier to center text vertically? Exclude property from serialization via custom attribute (json.net) Why is menstruation in wild animals not a disadvantage to organismal survival? When I watch wilderness specials for more than a few minutes, I notice a familiar pattern: predators are depicted as being alerted by the scent of blood. Wounded animals seem to make the best prey and predators seem to have a heightened awareness for the smell of blood.   It would seem that it would then be a disadvantage to evolutionary survival for female organisms to menstruate. How do females of a species not attract predators to the signal of menstrual blood?   Do female organisms in the wild actually menstruate? If so, is there a difference in the composition of menses that does not alert predators? How would this not at the very least give predators an idea of the general vicinity of the female?  If wild animals excrete their menses, do they have ways in which they are able to mask the evidence of its release or are they somehow internalizing the tissue so that they are not released?  If female organisms in the wild do menstruate, then why is this not a survival disadvantage? java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: The servlets named [X] and [Y] are both mapped to the url-pattern [/url] which is not permitted Contemporary written usage of "whom" in objective case Possible Duplicate:          I was writing a LinkedIn recommendation one day, and ended up pondering for a while which of these forms to use:     … is a great developer whom I always   found easy to work with.      … is a great developer who I always   found easy to work with.   Both are basically correct in contemporary English, right? But is one or the other preferable, and if so, why?   (In this case I went with the latter, as it seemed more common (Google)  and I wanted to avoid sounding unnecessarily “archaic”, although I’m not sure whether that would have been the case. Also note that I try to write in a “friendly professional” style instead of overly formal one. :-)