Many hormones use , such as cAMP and cGMP, and also act on the same cells. For example calcitonin and PTH both use cAMP and have opposite effects. How is it possible that the same second messenger molecule (cAMP) can have opposite effects on the same cells? Why are there more hormones compared to 2nd messengers - doesn't that reduce the uniqueness of each hormone? Shouldn't that make the function of any hormone using e.g. cAMP be the same as that of any other hormone using the same 2nd messenger on the same cell?
Glucagon stimulates glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis, thus increasing the plasma glucose concentration — so that tissues get enough glucose in the fasting state. However glucagon also inhibits glycolysis. In this case, what is the point of having high blood glucose if it cannot be catabolized?
What are the in universe telltale indicators of an away beam down or beam up? What do witnesses experience? As a long time fan, I'm familiar with the tell tale sound effects that indicate when the beaming process is taking place. What do residents of the Star Trek universe witness from the ground when people beam back to or down from the ship? Why are some of my screen-recording/capturing/sharing applications (or app features) not working in Ubuntu 17.10 (and later releases)? How do I access a field value for an entity (e.g. node) object? node_load((int) $nid) loads a fully-populated node entity. $node-&gt;title-&gt;value gets the title, but how do I access field values in Drupal 8? Why do birds sitting on electric wires not get shocked? Exploring ocean depths: is pressure an issue? Should it be? An upcoming adventure will have the party exploring the depths of the ocean. Breathing underwater shouldn't be an issue for them, as there are both items and rituals to take care of that, however, I was wondering what to do about about pressure, since none of these options mention it. I'll have to split my question into two, since they are closely related.   Is pressure an issue in 4e adventures? Is it mentioned in any of the published material? Has it been ruled anywhere that options that enable water breathing also grant immunity to pressure? Should it be an issue? This is somewhat subjective, but I really am wondering what other people have done. Would it be unresonable to assume that these options grant immunity to pressure? Should the players work to find another solution? How to handle fragmentation of auto_increment ID column in MySQL Something weird is going on with my login on at least one site Unique and temporary file names in PHP? Multivariable limit - perhaps a trickier problem I am stuck on. I am trying to solve the following limit:  $\lim_{(x,y) \to (0,0)} \frac{x^4y^4}{(x^2 + y^4)^3}$  (This is a more challenging problem from Folland Calculus, it seems).  I am pretty sure this limit does not exist (however, this is just a guess, and I am not 100% sure.)  I am trying to approach via the paths y = mx and x = my but... they don't seem to work. I have tried simpler cases such as x = 0 and y = 0.   Any help appreciate. Does "It snowed hard Monday" require an "on"? I came across an English learner writing     It snowed hard Monday.   After saying that it didn't snow on Friday and Saturday.  It didn't quite feel right to me.  I'd be okay with     It snowed hard.   or     It snowed Monday.   Is it okay for there to be two things ("hard" and "Monday") modifying the snowing without an "on" breaking things up a bit? Edit Mode Transparent Objects Can Excel show a formula and its result simultaneously? How do you join on the same table, twice, in mysql? Unable to install KVM on Ubuntu 16.04 How to search for only folders in Windows 7 instead of folders AND files Why are my Cycles settings missing? so I'm working on a little bathroom scene and wanted to make a clay render. I started looking for the material override which I kinda knew where it was and on the way I switched my render engine accidently to workbench instead of cycles. Switched to cycles all my seetings on the render tab are missing except color management and free style. Hows that? I restarted blender multiple times and tried some other stuff but nothing changed a thing, and I'd rather avoid a new installation Passing named arguments to shell scripts Is there any easy way to pass (receive) named parameters to a shell script?  For example,   my_script -p_out '/some/path' -arg_1 '5'   And inside my_script.sh receive them as:  # I believe this notation does not work, but is there anything close to it? p_out=$ARGUMENTS['p_out'] arg1=$ARGUMENTS['arg_1']  printf "The Argument p_out is %s" "$p_out" printf "The Argument arg_1 is %s" "$arg1"   Is this possible in Bash or Zsh? Teleporting a player from the overworld to the end Is there any way to teleport a player from the overworld to the end?   Or a way of teleporting a player to a random enderman in the end? How can I `alias sudo !!`? Simple question.   SO had turned me into a better developer by far, I like to browse questions that strike my interest and curiosity and just read through the answers. I never fail to learn something new everyday, whether it's something trivial or something much more complex.  When I receive reputation it means a lot to me, almost a self achievement of sorts. Something I can show to someone to prove my "worth". I think it works for me as a great confidence booster, also its something I can show my friends who don't understand what I do.   It almost feels like I can finally have something to back me up if need to be.  So the question is what does YOUR reputation mean to YOU? Is it simply a number, is it a score as if you're playing a game, or does it help you mentally achieve your goals and improve yourself like it does for me.