I am an American living in Tokyo. I plan to go back to the US (NYC) to visit my family and for Christmas and New Year. Flights from Tokyo Narita to JFK on ANA (return) are $1,400. Of course this is too expensive. However, when I checked flights from Manila to New York, it was $600 return, on ANA's site and using the same NRT-JFK and back $1,400 flights. When I find flights from Tokyo to Manila, they were $500 return (on ANA as well). Sure, $1,100 is less than $1,400, but this is still expensive. Why is this? Also, can I book the MNL-JFK flights for $600 and not get on the flights to and from Manila?
Based on the question , I got curious. Is there a guide or resource that describes how the price of a ticket is determined?  When you search you often see curious effects like cheaper tickets for a flight from A to B with a layover compared to a direct flight. This seems counter-intuitive from an outsider's perspective since you fly twice. Also one way tickets more expensive than 2 ways.  It can be a short set of rules. Something that helps someone to get started with finding good prices. I know these can be very complex and they probably change over time and over airline interests but there is probably a simplified set of rules that can be enunciated.
Shouldn't the association bonus acquired via serial upvoting be reversed? When a user's rep gets bloated because of serial upvoting, and as result the user is given the association bonus, shouldn't that association bonus also be reversed in case of serial upvoting reversal? $\infty = -1 $ paradox I puzzled two high school Pre-calc math teachers today with a little proof (maybe not) I found a couple years ago that infinity is equal to -1:   Let x equal the geometric series: $1 + 2 + 4 + 8 + 16 \ldots$  $x = 1 + 2 + 4 + 8 + 16 \ldots$ Multiply each side by 2:  $2x = 2 + 4 + 8 + 16 + 32 \ldots$ Again from the equation in step 1, move the $1$ term to the left hand of the equation:  $x - 1 = 2 + 4 + 8 + 16 + 32 \ldots$ So the following appears to be true:  $2x = x - 1 \implies x = -1$   This is obviously illogical. The teachers told me the problem has to do with adding the two infinite geometric series, but they weren't positive. I'm currently in Pre-calc, so I have extremely little knowledge on calculus, but a little help with this paradox would be appreciated. Adding coordinate system to layout in QGIS composer? Distribution of number of Bernoulli trials to a given number of successes Independence of Gaussian variables I recently came across an algorithm that works on values assuming that they are draw from a monoid equipped with a total ordering relation.  I was wondering if there is a term for such a structure, since it seems related to concepts like Euclidean domains and fields (though the requirements are much less strict).  Does this entity have a name?  Or is it just "a monoid over totally ordered elements?"  Thanks! How do I call functions loaded from a Static Resource JavaScript file? I'd like to put some shared Javascript to Resource file to reuse it between several components. This Javascript is general purpose set of utility functions. However, functions from my resource file are not available from the Components. Static resource (named TestScript):  function helloWorld() {      return 42; }   Component:  &lt;ltng:require scripts="{!$Resource.TestScript}" &lt;ui:button label="Do job" press="{!c.doJob}"/&gt;   Controller:  doJob: function(cmp, event, helper) {      var i = helloWorld();      // failed with Uncaught ReferenceError: helloWorld is not defined }   I don't like to use  &lt;ltng:require scripts="{!$Resource.***resourceName***}" afterScriptsLoaded="{!c.afterScriptsLoaded}" /&gt;   because my static resource is a set of functions and I'd like just use them as functions later in my controllers. How can I achieve that (if possible)? If not, what's the suggested solution? How do I destroy Nekker nests? How to keep VLC player in minimized mode? I'm using VLC media player which can play almost all kinds of audio and video formats. While listening to audio, I keep VLC in minimized mode and can work on other windows. But when I select to listen video songs mixing with audio songs, VLC is maximizing itself to play every video song in the playing list, which is really annoying in the middle of work.  So how can I keep always VLC player in minimized mode while playing a list of songs mixed with audio and video songs? How to simulate traceroute using ping? I am learning computer networks and looking for a way to simulate traceroute using the ping command. I think it has something to do with ttl, but I don't know how to develop that further. Git ignore file for Xcode projects Which files should I include in .gitignore when using Git in conjunction with Xcode? Motivation for Napier's Logarithms In the wikipedia article on logarithms, I am clueless about the approach and motivation for the following computations done by Napier (and the mysterious appearance of Euler's number) in this . Please help me understand:       By repeated subtractions Napier   calculated $10^7(1 − 10^{−7})^L$ for L   ranging from 1 to 100. The result for   $L=100$ is approximately $0.99999 = 1  − 10^{-5}$. Napier then calculated the   products of these numbers with $10^7(1  − 10^{−5})^L$ for L from 1 to 50, and   did similarly with $0.9995 ≈ (1 −  10^{−5})^{20}$ and $0.99 ≈ 0.995^{20}$.   These computations, which occupied 20   years, allowed him to give, for any   number ''N'' from 5 to 10 million, the   number ''L'' that solves the equation      $$N=10^7 {(1-10^{-7})}^L$$      In modern notation, the relation to   natural logarithms is:      $$L = \log_{(1-10^{-7})} \!\left(  \frac{N}{10^7} \right) \approx 10^7  \log_{ \frac{1}{e}} \!\left(  \frac{N}{10^7} \right) = -10^7 \log_e  \!\left( \frac{N}{10^7} \right)$$      where the very close approximation   corresponds to the observation that      $${(1-10^{-7})}^{10^7} \approx  \frac{1}{e}. $$   I understand the computations, but I don't know what's going on. When one wants to list various cases/classes/categories/types of objects in a string of conjunctions, is it preferable (or even mandatory) to keep on using (the same) preposition in front of each one them?  Moreover, does singular or plural form of the word "case", "class", "category" make any difference in the previous question?  Examples:   In the present article, we study the case of X, of Y and of Z objects. (in this example, as in most of the ones I have in mind, it is the preposition "of" which is relevant to my question). We study the cases/classes of X and of Y objects. vs. We study the cases/classes of X and Y objects.   Although it is rather clear that, in the singular case, the absence of "of" in later conjuncts may lead to a logical confusion (e.g., mistakenly taken as the one class/case of objects which are both X and Y), when it comes to plural of the words "case", "class", etc., this might not be an issue. Still, there might anyway be a rule in the plural setting as well. I used an SRTM DEM to create a hillshade in QGIS 2.2.0. However, the resultant hillshade seems to be vertically exaggerated. Also, changing the settings for scale and z-factor does not have any effect on the resultant hillshade. I have tried both options in QGIS, Analysis-> DEM (Terrain models) and Terrain analysis -> Hillshade. Both methods gave the same results.  Is this an isolated incident, a bug, or am I missing something? What are tag badges? How do they work? Is something similar to Robin's theorem known for possible exceptions to Lagarias' inequality? Robin's theorem says that if $$\sigma(n)&lt;e^\gamma n\log\log n$$ holds for all $n&gt;5040$, where $\sigma(n)$ is the sum of divisors of $n$, then the Riemann hypothesis is true, but if there are any counterexamples, then they are colossally abundant numbers, and there are infinitely many counterexamples.  Lagarias' theorem says $$\sigma(n)\leq H_n+e^{H_n}\log(H_n)$$ holding for all natural numbers $n$ is equivalent to the Riemann hypothesis, where $H_n$ is the $n$th harmonic number, the sum of the reciprocals of the first $n$ positive integers. It looks like Lagarias' inequality is sharper than Robin's, so any counterexamples to Robin's inequality must also be counterexamples to Lagarias'. Is known to be impossible for integers that aren't colossally abundant numbers or of some similar more general type to be exceptions to Lagarias' inequality? Why does connecting a high-current device to my digital circuit cause weird behavior? How do you start Windows 10 in safe mode? Laptop Overheating. Is there a way to cool it? I have a laptop that's running on the following:   MSI MS-1634X motherboard AMD Turion X2 TL-66 CPU ATI Mobility Radeon HD2600   It keeps overheating, especially when I do something more CPU and GPU-intensive such as games. I've tried SpeedFan and Notebook Hardware Control and neither are able to help control my fans. I also have a Targus Chillmat for my laptop which helps cool down my laptop, but it still overheats. Are there any fan controlling programs that I could use to maybe turn up the RPMs on my fans or any other ways to cool down my laptop? My laptop runs pretty hot, maybe 80c core when being used, not even intensively. The Hard drive stays cool though, close to 35c.  Any help is appreciated. Thanks! Is it feasible to transform each variable differently while doing multiple regression