Is there a way to install Ubuntu 14.04 LTS without the software, just command line? (desktop version, not server)  Thank you.
Normal ubuntu desktop will update ubuntu-desktop package and it's dependencies on release upgrade. Will Ubuntu minimal cd install ubuntu-desktop on release upgrade or just installed packages?
Compute the sum of the series $\sum_{n=1}^{\infty} \frac{1}{n \cdot 2^n}$ What would be the sum of the following series?  $$\sum_{n=1}^{\infty} \frac{1}{n \cdot 2^n}$$  Thanks ASP.NET "special" tags Many programs needs folder names that starts with a dot, like .emacs.d, .gimp-2.2, .jedit etc. How do I create such a folder?  When using the Windows Explorer in Windows 2000 (and other versions), I get an error message saying "You have to enter a filename". The only solution I have come up with, is to open a command prompt (Start > Run > "CMD" > OK) and enter mkdir .mydir.  Why have Microsoft this error message in the Explorer, but not in the command shell? Is there any registry hack out there to fix this, so that I am able to enter the folder name directly in the Explorer? Determine wether the differential equation is stable or not for the following conditions:  $x'''(0) = x''(0) = x'(0) = x(0) =0$  $\frac{d^3x(t)}{dt^3}+\frac{d^2x(t)}{dt^2}+4\frac{dx(t)}{dt}+4x(t) = e^t(H(t)-H(t-3))$  Now, I got that the solution to this differential equation reduces x(t) by use of Laplace Transforms, however, how do I determine whether or not it is stable?  $x(t) = 0.1e^{-t} + 0.1e^t - 0.1\sin(2t) + 0.1e^3 (\sin(2(t-3)) + e^{-t+3}-e^{t-3})*H(t-3)$  Now I first thought I would look at it graphically and I used Matlab software to get a plot as shown below:    And from the plot above it clearly appears to diverge (though this is not a proof).  Anyone have an idea as to an elegant proof to show the solution is unstable?  Anyone help would be greatly appreciated! How to use st_buffer? I would like to calculate a buffer of 5km around country polygons. However, I somehow always get a warning and an error. Here is a reproducible example code.   library(sp) library(sf) library(tmap)  library(rnaturalearth) countries_sp &lt;- ne_countries(scale = 10)  countries_sp &lt;- countries_sp[(countries_sp@data$geounit %in% "France"), ]  proj4string(countries_sp) &lt;- CRS("+init=epsg:4326")   countries_for_buff &lt;- st_as_sf(countries_sp, crs ="+proj=laea +lat_0=52 +lon_0=10 +x_0=4321000 +y_0=3210000 +ellps=GRS80 +units=m +no_defs ")  countries_buff_5km &lt;- st_buffer( countries_for_buff, 5000)   here the warning:  dist is assumed to be in decimal degrees (arc_degrees). Warning message: In st_buffer.sfc(st_geometry(x), dist, nQuadSegs, endCapStyle = endCapStyle,  : st_buffer does not correctly buffer longitude/latitude data   Then   tm_shape(countries_sp) +   tm_polygons() + tm_shape(countries_buff_5km) +   tm_polygons()   gives the error   Error in if (all(tiny) &amp;&amp; show.messages) warning("all relative area sizes are below thres.poly",  :     missing value where TRUE/FALSE needed   What am I doing wrong? I guess there is something about the projection that does not quite work out the way it should. How to prove this result involving the quotient maps and connectedness? Given topological spaces $X$ and $Y$, where $Y$ is connected, let $p \colon X \to Y$ be a quotient map. If, for each point $y \in Y$, the set $p^{-1}(\{y\})$ is connected, then how to prove that $X$ is connected also?   By the map $p$ being a quotient map is meant the following:   The map $p$ is surjective, and, for any subset $V$ of $Y$, the set $V$ is open in $Y$ if and only if $p^{-1}(V)$ is open in $X$. PDO's FETCH_INTO $this class does not work least common multiple of $\{1,2,...,n\}$ is bigger than $2^{n-1}$ The least common multiple of $\{1,2,...,n\}$ is greater than $2^{n-1}$ for any $n \ge 3$.   I found this in a MATHEMATICA book, but I don't know how to prove this. Can you help me?  [Edit:  has a discussion of an asymptotic stronger result, but that relies on the . What else is known about this? JL] Proper Installation of Kali linux tools in Ubuntu Comparing $\pi^e$ and $e^\pi$ without calculating them How can I  compare (without calculator or similar device) the values of $\pi^e$ and $e^\pi$ ? Proof of an equality involving cosine $\sqrt{2 + \sqrt{2 + \cdots + \sqrt{2 + \sqrt{2}}}}\ =\ 2\cos (\pi/2^{n+1})$ so I stumbled upon this equation/formula, and I have no idea how to prove it. I don't know how should I approach it: $$ \sqrt{2 + \sqrt{2 + \cdots + \sqrt{2 + \sqrt{\vphantom{\large A}2\,}\,}\,}\,}\ =\ 2\cos\left(\vphantom{\Large A}\pi \over 2^{n + 1}\right) $$  where $n\in\mathbb N$ and the square root sign appears $n$-times.  I thought about using sequences and limits, to express the LHS as a recurrence relation but I didn't get anywhere.  edit: Solved, thanks for your answers and comments. How to install apps which require a newer version of iOS on a 1st gen. iPad? I am trying to prove this binomial identity $\sum_{r=0}^n {r {n \choose r}} = n2^{n-1}$ but am not able to think something except induction,which is of-course not necessary (I think) here, so I am inquisitive to prove this in a more general way.  The left side of an identity occurs while solving another problem (concerning binomial theorem) so I am more interested in deriving the right side from the left side, else I have to remember it now onward.  EDIT: I am more interested in an algebraic proof rather than combinatorial argument or something involving calculus (however I liked  and  solution), hence I am removing the combinatorics tag. How to show only date after the date of today in JCalendar Many sysv init scripts used a corresponding file in /etc/default to allow the administrator to configure it. Upstart jobs can be modified using .override files. How do I override or configure systemd units, now that systemd is the default in Ubuntu? Is there a video that explains how Stack Overflow works and can be used? Is there a video that explains how Stack Overflow works and can be used? I.e. a short tutorial to get new users started. If there isn't, then the people behind this site or others who know how it works should make one, because it's overwhelmingly different from other sites and thus difficult for beginners. Why can't Discovery's Data Core be separated from the ship? How to install XAMPP? Hi all im a noob on Ubuntu/Linux World,  So i need some that give a full tutorial to How to install  from apachefriends.org correctly on Ubuntu 11.10 + all beyond Ubuntu for 32 bit and also 64 bit Desktop Version.. and also i need this:   Make a Folder on Your Home Folder and Linked to htdocs from Apache Web Server Make a GUI interface for Xmapp Start Xampp when Ubuntu Boot Up or Start Ubuntu   (Note: i ask it for both X86 and X64 so people in the further can see the tutorials)    New Data:  What i did was i download from  for now and i also what to say that I'm currently running Ubuntu 11.10 X64 bit for Dell Studio 1558 processor intel i3  i will let you know guys which solution was the best, and it is for a Desktop Version of Ubuntu 11.10 (Laptop 15 inch screen ^_^ ) not Server Ubuntu Sass Interpolation of Mixin, Function, and Variable names How to clear Chocolatey cache in the free version? Installation-file-cleaning is currently only available in  () and .  The package installation files can easily take gigabytes of storage space and to my knowledge they only increase in size as the user updates packages and installs new software, with only your hard drive capacity as the upper limit.   I don't know if Chocolatey stores cache in one central location — something is saved to ~\AppData\Local\Temp but the majority is located in the lib* folders in ~\ProgramData\chocolatey. Also the log files in the logs folder total to over 100 MB on my system. Is there any way to fully clear Chocolatey cache without manually deleting directories?