I have been taught that an electron has a wave-particle duality nature and an electron behaves as a wave when traveling.  I do also know that a wave is some kind of vibration, either it be a vibration of a vector field, or of a particle.   My questions is: If an electron behaves as a wave and a wave means some sort of vibrations, then what "kind" of vibration is/describes an electron?
I am a n00b to physics. What physics I know comes from high school and popular science books.  At school we were taught about atoms and what make up atoms, but we weren't actually told what the particles were!  So sure an atom has electrons orbiting around a nucleus made of protons and neutrons, but what exactly is an ?  And if we don't know, how can we fire them from guns, like they do in experiments ... etc  Any clarification on this would be great.
$\text{Let }y=\sqrt{5+\sqrt{5-\sqrt{5+\sqrt{5-...}}}} $, what is the nearest value of $y^2 - y$? I found this question somewhere and have been unable to solve it. It is a modification of a very common algebra question.          $\text{Let }y=\sqrt{5+\sqrt{5-\sqrt{5+\sqrt{5-...}}}} $,  what is the     nearest value of $y^2 - y$?          $\textbf {(1) } 1 \qquad \textbf {(2) } \sqrt5 \qquad \textbf {(3) } 4 \qquad \textbf {(4) } 2\sqrt5$      I worked the problem and got $$y^2 - y = 5+ \sqrt{5-\sqrt{5+\sqrt{5-...}}} -\sqrt{5+\sqrt{5-\sqrt{5+\sqrt{5-...}}}} \\ = 5+ \sqrt{5-y} - y = 5-y + \sqrt{5-y}$$ What do I do next? How to manage a redirect request after a jQuery Ajax call I'm using $.post() to call a servlet using Ajax and then using the resulting HTML fragment to replace a div element in the user's current page. However, if the session times out, the server sends a redirect directive to send the user to the login page. In this case, jQuery is replacing the div element with the contents of the login page, forcing the user's eyes to witness a rare scene indeed.   How can I manage a redirect directive from an Ajax call with jQuery 1.2.6? Home Electric Panel Questions I’m having a pool put in and the pool guys said they need a 20 amp breaker for the pool equipment. My outside panel says 100 amps (see picture). But my panel inside adds up well over 100 amps. Is this normal?  The breakers never trip even with the dryer, AC, and other appliances running. I've just installed a new SSD replacing an HDD in my old (late 2008) iMac. When I switched it on all I got on screen was a question mark.   On the advice of my son I tried cmdR during switch on with no result.   I then tried alt which at least got me a cursor on the screen, but nothing else. Any suggestions? I've got everything backed up on an external Hard Drive, by the way. I have seen many ways to make a USB an installer for about any Windows OS. But how can I (using grub or something like that) make it bootable to all editions on Windows XP and 7?   I have tried Googling it and researching, I've even tried to do it, But I dont understand much about GRUB or linux at all.  Please keep in mind that I am not very good with linux, so please use as many details as possible. I am learning P&amp;S's Introduction of quantum field theory. My teacher said that if the mass of neutrino is exactly 0, then we should not observe any right-handed neutrinos and left-handed anti-neutrinos according to Weyl's theory. It is because $$ \left( i\gamma^\mu \partial_\mu - m \right) \psi = \left( \begin{array}{cc} -m &amp;  i\left(\partial_0 + \vec\sigma \cdot \vec\nabla\right) \\ i\left(\partial_0 - \vec\sigma \cdot \vec\nabla\right) &amp; -m \end{array} \right) \left( \begin{array}{c} \psi_L \\ \psi_R \end{array} \right) =0. $$  If we set m=0, then we will have:  \begin{align} i\left(\partial_0 - \vec\sigma \cdot \vec\nabla\right) \psi_L &amp;= 0; \\ i\left(\partial_0 + \vec\sigma \cdot \vec\nabla\right) \psi_R &amp;= 0. \end{align}  And if these formulas can describe neutrinos we must conclude that there are two types of neutrinos.  My confusions are:   It is known that the mass of neutrino is not 0, therefore there are chances (depending on the mass) to find right-handed neutrinos and left-handed anti-neutrinos. But we don't. If I accept that there are only these two types of neutrinos (right-handed anti-neutrinos and left-handed neutrinos), this property of neutrino causes the parity violation, so parity violation must relate to angular momentum and therefore spinor space. Am I write? Are there any reasons why neutrino is so weird that is has mass but still has helicity + Or - 1. This goes against with what I have learned that only when a particle  moves at the speed of light can its spin aligned with its momentum. What process created the /var/lib/dpkg/lock-frontend file in Ubuntu? I have just booted my clean Ubuntu 18.04 LTS VM and tried to install some application with sudo apt install.  But got error message:     E: Could not get lock /var/lib/dpkg/lock-frontend - open (11: Resource temporarily unavailable)       E: Unable to acquire the dpkg frontend lock (/var/lib/dpkg/lock-frontend), is another process using it?   What process created the /var/lib/dpkg/lock-frontend file in Ubuntu? How to gently stop it and take manual control on APT? Do elevator upgrades increase your passive credit earnings, too? Find the value of $\int_{-\infty}^{\infty} \frac{e^{-x^2}}{1+x^2} dx$ . Find the value of $\int_{-\infty}^{\infty} \frac{e^{-x^2}}{1+x^2} dx$     My attempt  First, I know the existence of this integral since $$ \mid \int_{-a}^{a} \frac{e^{-x^2}}{1+x^2} dx \mid \;\; \leq\;\;  \mid \int_{-a}^{a} \frac{1}{1+x^2} dx \mid$$  Next, let $R &gt;0 $ be an arbitrary and $\gamma_1(t) = -R(1-t) + Rt , \;\; 0 \leq t \leq1$ and $\gamma_2(t)= Re^{i\pi (t-1)}, \;\; 1 \leq t \leq 2 $.  So, take $f(z) = \frac{e^{-z^2}}{1+z^2}$.   I tried to find the value or upper bound of norm of $$\int_{\gamma_2} \frac{e^{-z^2}}{1+z^2} dz$$.  However, $$ \lvert\int_{\gamma_2} \frac{e^{-z^2}}{1+z^2} dz\rvert \leq  \frac{\text{max}\lvert e^{-z^2}\rvert}{R^2-1}\pi R = \frac{e^{R^2}}{R^2-1}\pi R $$ So, I can't proceed this.  May I ask you how to solve this? Using Nouns or Gerunds I have a very simple component:  PushTopicTest.cmp &lt;aura:component implements="flexipage:availableForAllPageTypes" access="global"&gt;     &lt;lightning:empApi aura:id="empApi"/&gt;     &lt;aura:handler name="init" value="{!this}" action="{!c.onInit}"/&gt; &lt;/aura:component&gt;    PushTopicTestController.js ({     onInit: function(component, event, helper) {         var empApi = component.find("empApi");         empApi.setDebugFlag(true);         empApi.subscribe("/topic/AccountChanges?Id=0011t0000033C9QAAU", -1, function(message) {             console.log("Event Received : " + JSON.stringify(message));         });     } })   I also have PushTopic created like this:   What I am trying to do, is to only receive events for specific record Id. Based on documentation this should work: "/topic/AccountChanges?Id=0011t0000033C9QAAU", but it doesn't.   "/topic/AccountChanges" works though.  I've tried Id='0011t0000033C9QAAU' aswell, but no luck.  Do you know if it is possible at all? 'was' versus 'had been' When I asked the driver/ to come with me to the temple/ he had been reluctant./ No error.   I think instead of 'had been', there should be 'was'. Even the answer key points that the error is in the 'he had been reluctant' part. But I am not sure why exactly is 'had been' wrong.  If we replace the first part with 'when I had asked the driver', would that make 'had been' in the third part correct? Copy existing property from e.g. Properties window to a custom panel So if I have this custom panel in the 3D view, is there a way I can take a property from for example the properties window and paste it onto my panel below the "text" prop, without creating a new property?  The reason I do not want to create a new property is because I want them to share all data, such as values, keyframes, drivers etc.        bl_info = {     "name": "",     "description": "",     "author": "",     "version": (0, 0, 1),     "blender": (2, 70, 0),     "location": "",     "warning": "",      "wiki_url": "",     "tracker_url": "",     "category": "" }  import bpy  from bpy.props import (StringProperty,                        BoolProperty,                        IntProperty,                        FloatProperty,                        FloatVectorProperty,                        EnumProperty,                        PointerProperty,                        ) from bpy.types import (Panel,                        Operator,                        AddonPreferences,                        PropertyGroup,                        )   class inouse_Settings(PropertyGroup):      my_bool = BoolProperty(         name="Enable or Disable",         description="A bool property",         default = False)     class UV_OT_my_panel(Panel):     bl_space_type = 'VIEW_3D'     bl_idname = "UV_OT_my_panel"     bl_label = "Custom"     bl_category = "Custom"     bl_region_type = 'TOOLS'      def draw(self, context):          scn = context.scene         mytool = scn.inhouse         layout = self.layout          col = layout.column(align=True)         row = col.row(align = True)         row.prop(mytool, "my_bool", text="Text")       def register():     bpy.utils.register_module(__name__)     bpy.types.Scene.inhouse = PointerProperty(type=inouse_Settings)  def unregister():     bpy.utils.unregister_module(__name__)     del bpy.types.Scene.inhouse  if __name__ == "__main__":     register() App Store is stuck in a loop trying to download a free app -- how do I make it stop? My App Store keeps saying this item is free in the store, that this item will be added to your purchases and it then says cancel or download.   I click download and it won't download and keeps popping up the same message over and over again.  How do I make it stop? I can't download any apps. When building console applications that take parameters, you can use the arguments passed to Main(string[] args).   In the past I've simply indexed/looped that array and done a few regular expressions to extract the values. However, when the commands get more complicated, the parsing can get pretty ugly.    So I'm interested in:   Libraries that you use Patterns that you use   Assume the commands always adhere to common standards such as . Where can I find gedit's backup files and how to open them? So, I just finished off the first part of an important task for school and today when I was going to continue, the document with my notes were gone. The only fragment I've got left of my file is the back up file, which doesn't show in the folder where I saved the document, but I can search for it.  Is there anyway which allows me to open the back up file, save it as a text file and continue my task? I don't really have the time for running restoring tools, which never has helped me in a satisfactory way anyway.  I wrote the document in gedit and my version of Ubuntu is 12.10. Are the hoses in toilets in Asia something I should know about? I have noticed random bits of hose without proper fittings before I think for example in India and just assumed they are for use by the cleaners or for filling the water jug in .  But Now I'm travelling in Malaysia and Singapore and there are more western toilets than squat toilets in the places I've been yet proper hoses with proper fittings are very common in toilets:  (Hose next to a Western style toilet in my hostel in Chinatown, Kuala Lumpur.)  At one place in Singapore there were even signs on each cubicle door stating whether it contained a western or squat toilet, but also whether there was a hose! (I didn't take a photo of the sign, unfortunately)  This makes me think there is a use for the hose for clients, not just cleaners. But for what purpose? Should I know how to use it as a tourist? Please tell me it's not a kind of alternative to a bidet!  Possibly related is the fact that many toilet floors are awash with water. This can be a big problem if you're not wearing waterproof shoes or have to lower your trousers and keep them dry. Other than this toilets are pretty clean and I've seen both the hoses and the wetness in what I would regard as somewhat "fancy" places. Why does my bread keep 'blowing out'? Instead of swelling as a whole loaf, my loaf will often expand in the oven off to the side or the bottom - looking 'blown out', a big tear.  This results in a loaf that leans to one side, doesn't rise well, or generally doesn't look good.    Why is this happening and what can I do about it? Why does performance of a regular hard drive decrease over the duration of a benchmark while SSD doesn't? I use HD Tune to measure performance of the hard drive.  The tests typically take 2-3 minutes and the transfer rate of a regular hard drive decreases dramatically as the test comes to a close.    However, the SSD drive performance stays the same over (pic below) the life of the test.  This happens on all my computers.  Why is that? Thailand visa exemption: any rule limiting number of entries per year?