I am working on a LaTeX document that includes lots of pgfplots. I would like to disable them for the time being until I work on the rest of the text so that I can build the document fast. If I include the option draft to the document class the figures are no longer included but the pgfplots are created and they take a considerable amount of time. Is there an easy way to disable/enable these plots without having to go through the document commenting/uncommenting text?
I'm working on a fairly big document that has a lot of graphs of functions- so far it has around 200, by the end it will have around 1500. I use pgfplots for each graphic, and the functions are pretty basic: exponential, rational, polynomial, and trigonometric.  Once I am happy with each graph, I don't necessarily need to see it every time I compile, and would like to minimize compilation time for future drafts. Naturally, the document is already chopped up into chapter files, but each chapter contains around 100 figures.  Having studied the pgfplots documentation, I haven't found a draft mode, but I'm interested in knowing if one could be created.    I'm envisaging something similar to the draft mode of the graphicx package, in which graphics are not included, and blank boxes are put in their place.  Some things I've considered:   the  documentclass; but with about 1500 figures, wouldn't this mean over-modulization?  tikzexternalize, but this still requires an initial 'monster' compilation to get the images externalized before the draft option could be invoked   Here's a MWE to play with  \documentclass{article} \usepackage{pgfplots}  \begin{document}  \begin{tikzpicture}     \begin{axis}         \addplot {x^2};     \end{axis} \end{tikzpicture}  \end{document}
Which is correct: "one or more is" or "one or more are"? Should the phrase be "one or more is...", or "one or more are..."? proof of binomial identity involving double sum How to redirect output of a running program to /dev/null I know that in order to suppress the output of a program I can redirect it to /dev/null, for example to hide all error and warning messages from chromium I can start the program like this  chromium-browser 2&gt; /dev/null &amp;   However, if I happen to forget about the error messages and type  chromium-browser &amp;   (which is quite annoying when they appear in the middle of a command) I don't know what to do except for stopping the application and starting it again properly.  Can I somehow redirect error output without restarting the application? Quantum teleportation - the alternative to destroying atoms Can't you just disassemble, not destroy our atoms and transport them to another teleporter via networking or telecoms?  This is my thinking of how to keep the same person, not an exact copy of him/her, alive when teleporting.  Please answer to tell me if it's possible or not. Do class spells take up spell slots? So I'm fairly new and ended up being the Cleric in my also fairly new group. I haven't played a caster before and the book says that at level 1 I have Bless and Cure Wounds. Do I need to assign these to a spell slot or do I have them inherently (not to be confused with a cantrip; I know I'd have to use a slot to cast them)? So I understand what a static method or field is, I am just wondering when to use them. That is, when writing code what design lends itself to using static methods and fields.   One common pattern is to use static methods as a static factory, but this could just as easily be done by overloading a constructor. Correct? For example:  var bmp = System.Drawing.Bitmap.LoadFromFile("Image01.jpg");   As for static fields, is creating singelton-objects their best use? I know that to better balance paragon and epic level players against similar level monsters, WotC changed the math used for monsters for MM3, and I believe that they changed some of the types of powers they gave monsters.   If I want to update monsters from MM1 or MM2 to be in line with MM3 era monsters, what changes should I make? I have learned about the correspondence of radians and degrees so 360° degrees equals $2\pi$ radians. Now we mostly use radians (integrals and so on)  My question: Is it just mathematical convention that radians are much more used in higher maths than degrees or do radians have some intrinsic advantage over degrees?  For me personally it doesn't matter if I write $\cos(360°)$ or $\cos(2\pi)$. Both equals 1, so why bother with two conventions? Is there a way to make RC4 (ARCFOUR) secure, or is it completely broken? I need a method to authenticate a process with another in order to establish interprocess communication between them, to prevent malicious processes from trying to hook onto the system. Currently I just send a password in plaintext between the two processes and the host process just performs a string comparison with its copy of the password, and will disconnect the connecting process if they don't match. It was fine when I was limited to connecting each process on localhost, but obviously this is not secure if someone just happens to have access to a network between each process and could sniff the packets. Do note that I only care about encryption for the password exchange and I don't really need it to secure the communication.  So basically I need a encryption algorithm that doesn't need to protect its contents well but does need to protect its key, and needs to be as fast as possible with minimal RAM usage and I/O overhead. Yes, data exchange is more CPU-bound than I/O bound since the two processes will be doing loads of calculations and they most likely will be connecting through localhost. Now, I came across RC4, which has a throughput of over twice that of AES-128, but it is evident that it has some weaknesses and I have a lot of questions about how to implement it in a secure way.  Well first question - it's in the title. Is RC4 completely broken and should be avoided? I hear a lot of "it is secure if properly used" and then a lot of "use of RC4 is discouraged."  I was planning to keep the plaintext password on both processes and have them SHA-224 hashed, and concatenate the hash with a 32-bit IV as a 256-bit key for RC4. Are there any security risks with this approach? Perhaps I could then hash the concatenated IV and hashed password with SHA-256? I'm well aware that WEP was cracked because it used a 24-bit IV, but a 32-bit IV has over four billion more unique values. Should I avoid incrementing the IV after each packet like WEP?  And when it comes to RC4-drop[n], what is a reasonable value for n? 256, 512, 768 bytes? How would you implement drop n on a library whose only public operation is encrypting a byte array - pass a byte array of length n after the engine is initialized with the key? Would that mean you would have to basically process n empty bytes after every time you change the IV (which happens after every packet)?  Sources:   EDIT: after reading all these excellent responses, I realized how ignorant I sounded about the whole subject. I had no experience with cryptography before this day, and I only was able to read about RC4's risks from the limited Google results that I could barely follow. thank you to everyone who has been patient with me!  Correct me if I'm wrong, but I believe a better solution is to either use AES (which is not slower because re-keying RC4 after each packet is expensive) or an universal message authentication code. I can easily work with AES, but my understanding of MAC is a bit shaky. An IV is only secure if the update sequence is randomized and unpredictable, meaning I would have to send a 128 bit IV for every message that is sent, which can add a 400% overhead to the short, 4 byte packets that are commonly sent by my application. HMAC can add more than twice that amount if SHA-256 is used. I am going to have to investigate this matter further. What is the correct pronunciation of the word “processes”? Lazy Method for Reading Big File in Python? I have a very big file 4GB and when I try to read it my computer hangs. So I want to read it piece by piece and after processing each piece store the processed piece into another file and read next piece.  Is there any method to yield these pieces ?  I would love to have a lazy method. I was able to post in chat with less than 20 rep by joining 20 sites I joined 20 other sites (out of the many) and even with 1 rep was able to post in any of the chatrooms. For example: In ELL, I have just 1 rep and have posted messages in its chat.  ell.stackexchange.com/users/18923/lamart This seems like a bug because I should have needed 20 rep to post. . EDIT: From , I got the idea to make this edit. To reproduce this bug/error:  Create a new SE account. Use it to make an account here. You will get 1 default rep. Choose a random SE site and use this account to get 1 rep on that random site. Repeat the above step 20 times. Now you have 1 rep on 20 network sites but the net SE rep is 20. Go to the ELL chat and ping me. (important step)  From my comment: I have now got 40 rep since people voted this question up. Initially I had net 20 rep gained by creating 20 accounts on 20 different SE sites. Those default 1rep added up to get me to 20rep and I was able to chat. The link says one needs 20 rep in any of the SE site to chat in &quot;all the other&quot; category chatrooms..... but I did not have 20 rep on ELL at that moment. Can you use Magical Secrets to choose high level spells when multiclassing as a Bard? Say you have a Wizard 7/Bard 9. You gain your 17th level and choose to gain the level in Bard (which grants you Magical Secrets). According to the Multiclass Spellcaster: Spell Slots per Spell Level table, you now have a single 9th level spell slot. Can the spells you choose from Magical Secrets be 9th level spells even though you can only cast up to 5th level Bard spells? When do I use "I" instead of "me?" I use Chrome as my default browser. This includes my browser for work.  We have a trac setup that uses folder paths (see example) for the different projects  Example:   main.employertracsite.com/projects/projectname   I want the ability to manually sort the results that are displayed in the auto-complete.  Chrome displays auto-complete based on the usage history of a web address. Which means that a project that isn't my main focus is displayed in the url instead of the one that I've been using more lately.  Example:   main.employertracsite.com/projects/alliance is the project that I'm not using all the time anymore and is showing up in auto-complete main.employertracsite.com/projects/horde is the project that I am using more often now and want to show up in the auto-complete   I don't want to delete the alliance from my history, but I do want the ability to be able to manually adjust which project shows up in auto-complete. This will be more usable for me in the future because I'm constantly on different projects full-time and they each have their own area.  I also do not want to delete my history. Why is the (non-relativistic) stress tensor linear and symmetric? From :     "[...] the stress vector $T$ across a surface will always be a linear function of the surface's normal vector $n$, the unit-length vector that is perpendicular to it. [...] The linear relation between $T$ and $n$ follows from the fundamental laws of conservation of linear momentum and static equilibrium of forces, and is therefore mathematically exact, for any material and any stress situation. The components of the Cauchy stress tensor at every point in a material satisfy the equilibrium equations (Cauchy’s equations of motion for zero acceleration). Moreover, the principle of conservation of angular momentum implies that the stress tensor is symmetric."   What is the more detailed explanation for this, and/or where can I find it? I am trying to use mathematical induction to prove  $$(2n)!\ge2^n(n!)^2\quad\text{for }n\in\mathbb{N}$$  I am stuck at the $n=k+1$ point. How do I fix a "Problem with MergeList" or "status file could not be parsed" error when trying to do an update? Dual boot with windows 7! I'm using windows 7 right now. I want to install Ubuntu with dual boot. Is is safe? And does the process go safely? I have made a script that will sort files according to their extension and place them in the proper folder. For example, place abc.jpg in the directory jpg.  #!/bin/bash #this script sorts files according to their extensions oldIFS=$IFS IFS=$'\n' (find . -type f) &gt; /tmp/temp for var in `cat /tmp/temp` do name=`basename "$var"` ext=`echo $name | cut -d'.' -f2- | cut -d'.' -f2- | cut -d'.' -f2- | cut -d'.' -f2- | cut -d'.' -f2- | cut -d'.' -f2- | cut -d'.' -f2-` mkdir -p $ext mv "$var" $ext/ 2&gt; /dev/null done IFS=$oldIFS   problem with this script:    it involves use of IFS, it is said to avoid use of IFS, as much as possible it does not sorts file without file extensions  it will sort files like abc.tar.bz in folder named bz, but however such a file should go in tar.bz folder see line 9 of my script; if any file contain more no. of dots(in its name) than no. of cut -d'.' -f2- in the script than if will result in file name taken in extension part. for example, a file named i.am.live.in.india.and.i.study.computer.science.txt will be placed in folder named study.computer.science.txt   you may also suggest any tweaks to make this script more smaller and neat.