I have Ubuntu 18.04.3 LTS. emacs --version returns GNU Emacs 25.2.2 and apt policy emacs returns Installed: 47.0 Candidate: 47.0. Okay what? I thought the latest version of Emacs was 27 something. Nonetheless, this is not what Emacs's version command returns. Could someone explain this please?  I also thought Ubuntu was Debian based and used their repositories, so I checked on  and Emacs there is on 1:26.1+1-3.2+deb10u1. So, Ubuntu is not pulling from the Debian repository?  Why is Emacs in Ubuntu still stuck at 25.2.2 where the latest is 27. I understand that Ubuntu's repository is suppose to be stable so it is often behind. But is that really the reason to be two versions behind from the official version?  Am I update-to-date as far as Ubuntu's repositories are concerned?
I've been building my own emacs because I want to fix some issues in it and get the bug fixes upstream. However, Ubuntu keeps automatically removing my own built emacs and I have to keep rebuilding and reinstalling it.  Here's my output of apt-cache policy emacs when I went to bed last night:  ~/emacs$ sudo apt-cache policy emacs emacs:   Installed: 26.0.50.aaron-1   Candidate: 46.1   Version table:      46.1 500         500 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial/main amd64 Packages         500 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial/main i386 Packages  *** 26.0.50.aaron-1 100         100 /var/lib/dpkg/status   Here it is when I wake up:  ~/emacs$ sudo apt-cache policy emacs [sudo] password for excelsiora: emacs:   Installed: 46.1   Candidate: 46.1   Version table:  *** 46.1 500         500 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial/main amd64 Packages         500 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial/main i386 Packages         100 /var/lib/dpkg/status   Why is this package being versioned at 46 instead of 24 or 25? 26 is the currently the highest major emacs version you can get.   I can see that this is a meta-package:   Why is Ubuntu updating software without asking?  Main Question: What am I supposed to do - assign my package version a number higher than 46 just to make it stick?   That seems like a horrible hack, or maybe that's how it's supposed to work?
I have an iPhone and run Ubuntu on all of my personal computers. Since I did not want to keep a separate partition with Windows on it for the sole purpose of running iTunes, I attempted to install It using Wine.   I installed Wine 1.4 from the Software Center and installed iTunes 10.6.3. When I tried to run it I got a slew of error messages. I hopped over to google where it was suggested that I install it through PlayOnLinux. I did so with the same result. Further googling revealed that iTunes 10.6.x is confirmed to work with Wine 1.5.1 and up.   I installed Wine 1.5.1 following the instructions I found and was unable to get it to open. I did the same with 1.5.9 with the same results. I opened the Package Manager and installed the Wine 1.5.9 packages through it, and it appears to have installed properly.   When trying to install iTunes I got he error "This iTunes installer requires Windows Vista 64 bit or later". Realizing that Wine uses XP as a default I ran winecfg and changed it to Windows 7. This changed nothing and I tried changing it through winetricks to no avail. I even changed it to Vista with the same results.   Does anyone know what is going wrong here and how to fix it? Thanks How to show $\lim_{x \to 1} \frac{x + x^2 + \dots + x^n - n}{x - 1} = \frac{n(n + 1)}{2}$? Problem with Refsection What is the logical form of the definition of validity? My text book gives the definition of validity as "An argument is valid IFF if the premises are true, then the conclusion must be true". Using a conditional elimination on the RHS of the IFF yields "An argument is valid IFF the premises are false or the conclusion is true".   Yet, this seems strange to me. Am I doing something incorrect with my manipulation or is this definition actually true? Surely the criteria for a valid argument goes beyond a false set of premises or a true conclusion. In MySQL, how do I get a list of all foreign key constraints pointing to a particular table? a particular column? This is the same thing as , but for MySQL. What else can you do in the turn you ready an action? Does a subsequent charm effect override a previous one? In a recent session, I was confused about how multiple charm effects would interact with each other:  A vampire used its 'Charm' ability to charm a PC. It reads (paraphrased):     The target must succeed on a saving throw or be charmed by the vampire. It takes the vampire's requests in the most favourable way it can. It can repeat the saving throw if the vampire or its companions harm it. Otherwise, the effect last 24 hours or until the vampire is destroyed, is on another plane of existence, or takes a bonus action to end the effect.   Another PC then decided to attempt to wrest control back from the vampire by casting crown of madness on their friend. it reads (paraphrased):     The creature must succeed on a saving throw or be charmed. The charmed target must use its action before moving on each of its turn to make a melee attack against a creature other than itself that you mentally choose. The target can act normally on its turn if you choose no creature, or none are within its reach.   At the time, I ruled that both effects would take place simultaneously. This meant that Crown of Madness took effect first, and the vampire's charm afterwards.  Was this the correct ruling? Can a creature be charmed twice? Or does one charm effect override the other? The difference between GPU and CPU How can I convert monsters from D&D 3 or 3.5 to 2ed monsters? How are ETF prices calculated after the market is closed For example:  Because the NASDAQ: DAX is tracking the index INDEXDB: DAX should its trading value be completely flat when the market the markets are open in the US, but closed in Germany? I'm not seeing that artifact in any of the charts I can find. Keep "Employee" on the profile of SE employees on meta Currently, SE employees are given diamonds wherever they need them. I agree with  on this to some degree, employees shouldn't be treated any different.  But... on meta, employees are different. They have the power to dole out official responses, and thus we should be able to differentiate between an employee and a normal user. Currently, only some employees have a diamond on MSO (see , ). This makes it confusing, especially when you see official-sounding posts like .  Now, giving diamonds to all employees on meta may not be the best solution to this. I don't think all employees want their precious inboxes spammed with all the suspensions that are doled out on meta, and other mod stuff. They won't really need the diamond powers either (though it wouldn't hurt).  So, I propose this:  Similar to how moderators have "Moderator" clearly on their profile    display "employee" on an employee's profile, along with the diamond if they have one. At least on meta.    It would imho be even better to display it on their usercards in some form, but that has already been shot down.  It would be even even better if non-MSO mods had greyed out diamonds, similar to , but that's just me wanting more shiny stuff ;-) When to use static methods Why are bias nodes used in neural networks?  How many you should use?  In which layers you should use them: all hidden layers and the output layer? Why is vote time missing in the SE data dump and SEDE? So from what I understand transistors are one of the most important electronic elements for computers because of TTL (Transistors-Transistors Logic).  Is this true? If so, how exactly does this work? I have heard the terms "logic gate" and "logic block" tossed around. Why should the "H" option not be used in floats? Fish vs Fishes for plural use How to stop Katoolin from crashing Ubuntu? I updated from 14.04 to 16.04 and used katoolin to add some Kali tools. After restart, the boot up of Linux ran codes, but stopped at a certain point never to load login. So I reinstalled 16.04, ran updates and tried again. This time, the boot menu was changed to Kali as well as the OS name (I'm using Windows 7 dual boot with Ubuntu); login started in Ubuntu style without user name, had to type in the name... then it goes to the logo screen never to log in.  How can I use katoolin without it affecting the boot menu interface? Does this happen when the user selects the option 'add Kali repositories and updates'? Are the Kali repositories necessary? I'd much rather just install the tools and not mess with the Ubuntu interface. Do Pokémon trainers develop some kind of limited resistance to their Pokémon's abilities? Obvious comedic aspects of the cartoon show especially aside, this may be a partial explanation. Think about it:  James can breathe Weezing's smog with no ill effects. Brock was able to hug a Sharpedo. And Ash has gotten trampled, tossed, smacked, singed, smothered, submerged, routed, run over, and electrocuted so often by his Pokemon he should be perpetually hospitalized! Yet these characters always seem to bounce back without serious injury.  Considering [a] it is partially cartoon logic, and [b] Pokémon trainers, much like animal handlers, likely will get somewhat more sturdy and hardy from simply regularly dealing with the animals they train....  Is it at all possible that just being around a Pokémon somehow helps their trainers develop a higher resistance to that Pokémon's special abilities? I am unable to find the bias of the sample variance estimator in this problem. Unfortunately I keep coming up with   Question: Suppose that the true linear model is   $y = X_1\beta_1 + X_2\beta_2 + e$,   where $e \sim MVN(0,\sigma^2 I)$, $X_1: N \times p_1, \beta_1: p_1 \times 1, X_2: N \times p_2, \beta_2: p_2 \times 1$. But we wrongly fit the model  $y = X_1\beta_1+e$ and calculate the estimators of $\beta_1$ and $\sigma^2$ as:  $\hat{\beta}_1 = (X_1'X_1)^{-1}X_1'y$,  $s^2 = \large \frac{y'[I-X_1(X_1'X_1)^{-1}X_1']y}{N-p_1}$.  (a) Show that, in general, $\hat{\beta}_1$ is a biased estimator with  Bias$(\hat{\beta}_1) = (X_1'X_1)^{-1}X_1'X_2\hat{\beta}_2$  Under what condition on $X_1$ and $X_2$ is $\hat{\beta}_1$ unbiased?  (b) Show that, in general, $s^2$ is a biased estimator with   Bias$(s^2) = \frac{1}{N-p_1}\beta_2'X_2'[I-X_1(X_1'X_1)^{-1}X_1']X_2\beta_2$  Is the bias positive or negative? Under what condition on $\beta_2$ is $s^2$ unbiased?  Attempt:  For part (a):  Bias$(\hat{\beta}_1) = E((X_1'X_1)^{-1}X_1'y - \beta_1)$  $\hspace{15mm}= (X_1'X_1)^{-1}X_1'E(y) - \beta_1$  $\hspace{15mm}= (X_1'X_1)^{-1}X_1'(X_1\beta_1 + X_2\beta_2) - \beta_1$  $\hspace{15mm}= (X_1'X_1)^{-1}X_1'X_1\beta_1 + (X_1'X_1)^{-1}X_1'X_2\beta_2) - \beta_1$  $\hspace{15mm}= I\beta_1 + (X_1'X_1)^{-1}X_1'X_2\beta_2 - \beta_1$  $\hspace{15mm}= \beta_1 + (X_1'X_1)^{-1}X_1'X_2\beta_2 - \beta_1$  $\hspace{15mm}= (X_1'X_1)^{-1}X_1'X_2\beta_2$  If $X_1$ and $X_2$ are orthogonal, then $\hat{\beta}_1$ is unbiased.  For part (b), I am unable to figure out how to derive:  Bias$(s^2) = \frac{1}{N-p_1}\beta_2'X_2'[I-X_1(X_1'X_1)^{-1}X_1']X_2\beta_2$  I can get   $\frac{1}{N-p_1}\beta_1'X_1'+\beta_2'X_2'[I-X_1(X_1'X_1)^{-1}X_1']X_1\beta_1+X_2\beta_2$  after taking the expectation of y on both sides.   Any help would be much appreciated.