I am currently trying to generate makefile that can handle generating dependancies for a C and C++ raytracer project. I need assistance in generating the include files being used.  # Makefile  # Default Directories: #  bin  the binary directory #  inc  the include directory #  obj  the object directory #  src  the source directory BIN_DIR  := bin INC_DIR  := inc OBJ_DIR  := obj SRC_DIR  := src  # The compiler: gcc for C programs, define as g++ for C++ CC       := gcc CXX      := g++  # Compiler flags: #  -g      adds debugging information to the executable file #  -Wall   turns on most, but not all, compiler warnings #  -O2/O3  defines the optimization level of the program(s)   CFLAGS   := -g -Wall -O2 CXXFLAGS := -g -Wall -O3  INCLUDES := -I$(INC_DIR)   My file structure is the following:  Raytracer   |   |___bin   |   |___inc   |    |__Geometric   |           |____Vector3D.h   |   |___obj   |   |___src        |__Geometric        |    |______Vector3D.c        |    |______Vector3D.cpp        |        |___Main             |__Main.c             |__Main.cpp    In the Vector3D.h file, I used a template format in and initialized:  #ifndef __VECTOR3D_H__ #define __VECTOR3D_H__  #include &lt;math.h&gt; #include &lt;stdio.h&gt; #include &lt;stdlib.h&gt;  // C Methods defined surrounded with __cplusplus &amp; extern "C" {...} #ifdef __cplusplus #include &lt;sstream&gt; #include &lt;iostream&gt;  namespace Geometric {     template &lt;typename T = float&gt;    class Vector3D { // Vector3D       // Constructors already defined...      // Methods already defined...      // Etc...     }; // The 'Vector3D' Class       // Implemented constructors...      // Implemented Methods...      // Implemented Etc...  } // The 'Geometric' Namespace  #endif /* __cplusplus */ #endif /* __VECTOR3D_H__ */   When defining the Vector3D.c &amp; Vector3D.cpp files should i use:  #include "Geometric/Vector3D.h"  // Or  #include &lt;Geometric/Vector3D.h&gt;  // Or does it matter...
In the C and C++ programming languages, what is the difference between using angle brackets and using quotes in an include statement, as follows?   #include &lt;filename&gt;  #include "filename"
Keen eye for detail (or details?) Which one is correct? "To have a keen eye for detail" or "To have a keen eye for details"? I know that hardly any information is passed to the PDF when a .tex file is compiled.  But is there a tool that can convert a PDF document back to (La)TeX? How to install Windows on GPT disk without UEFI BIOS? Quick edit not recorded as such blocking vote change A little background:  I do not know what the specifics are, but I've noticed that a quick edit after a post will often times not result in an edit being posted. It's as if there was no edit. Edit: According to Bart this amount of time is five minutes.  The problem:  A user made a really bad post (said that ~ in C# wrt integers was used for deconstruction). I down-voted said post. Post quickly disappeared (I guess poster realized they screwed up and took back the post). Later, I come back and see my down vote but the answer is now correct (that ~ is the bitwise complement operator). I try to get rid of my down vote because it is no longer appropriate. However, it has been about half an hour and there is no edit posted (presumably the poster made an edit within the non-posting edit window) so I can't take my vote back.  Suggested solution:  If post gets edited (even within the non-post edit window) mark all the votes as changeable. I would guess that this would either involve an update on a table of votes or adding a column for last edit time which is not bypassed by the grace period. I realize that this may be an entirely non-trivial change, but unless the non-posting of edits is somehow changed to make sure the edit was trivial it seems this is necessary. Proving $\frac{a}{a^2-a+1}+\frac{b}{b^2-b+1}+\frac{c}{c^2-c+1}+\frac{d}{d^2-d+1}\le \frac{8}{3}$ given $a+b+c+d=2$ Let $a,b,c,d\in \mathbb{R}$ and $a+b+c+d=2$. Prove that $$\frac{a}{a^2-a+1}+\frac{b}{b^2-b+1}+\frac{c}{c^2-c+1}+\frac{d}{d^2-d+1}\le \frac{8}{3}.$$   We have $$\frac{a}{a^2-a+1}\le \frac{4}{3}a\Longleftrightarrow \frac{-a\left(2a-1\right)^2}{3\left(a^2-a+1\right)}\le 0,$$ (Right)  So $$LHS\le \frac{4}{3}\left(a+b+c+d\right)=\frac{8}{3}=RHS$$  When $a=b=c=d=\frac{1}{2}$  But also $a=b=c=1;d=-1$ i don't know how to solve it. Skate shoes vs mtb shoes? It's an old argue on forums, still cant get it. What is the (real, that worth the money and time for ordering from abroad, in my case) difference, let's say between  shoes and some kind of old school skate shoes (the fat ones, like )?  P.S as far as I know most dirt BMXers are quite happy with regular skate shoes. Prove that: $(f(x))^{2} + (f'(x))^{2} \leqslant \max(a,b)$ where $(a,b) \in \mathbb{R}^2$ Let $f\in C^2(\mathbb{R},\mathbb{R})$.   Assume there exist  $(a,b) \in \mathbb{R}^2$ such that  $\forall x \in \mathbb{R}, (f(x))^{2} \leqslant a$ and $(f'(x))^{2} + (f''(x))^{2} \leqslant b$.   Prove that: $$(f(x))^{2} + (f'(x))^{2} \leqslant \max(a,b)$$ for all $x \in \mathbb{R}$.   I tried to use taylor lagrange with the integral form of the remainder but I did not succeed.  Ì really don't know how to tackle  the problem.   Any suggestion, Hint (or Answer) will be very helpful,  Thank you in advance, Place each foot on a scale: can you add the two to find your weight? I frequent a blog from a British psychologist, and every Friday he likes to pose an interesting puzzle or riddle. The Monday after that he posts the answer. They're good fun, and IANAP but  made my it-might-not-be-quite-as-simple-as-that detector go off.  My question boils down to this: let's say I have two identical scales, and I stand on the scales with one foot on each scale. The scales read W1 and W2. Does my weight equal W1 + W2? Types of photon qubit encoding How many types of qubit encoding on photons exist nowadays? I know only two:   Encoding on polarization: $$ \lvert \Psi \rangle = \alpha \lvert H \rangle + \beta \lvert V \rangle $$ $$ \lvert H \rangle = \int_{-\infty}^{\infty} d\mathbf{k}\ f(\mathbf{k}) e^{-iw_k t} \hat{a}^\dagger_{H}(\mathbf{k}) \lvert 0 \rangle_\text{Vacuum} $$ $$ \lvert V \rangle = \int_{-\infty}^{\infty} d\mathbf{k}\ f(\mathbf{k}) e^{-iw_k t} \hat{a}^\dagger_{V}(\mathbf{k}) \lvert 0 \rangle_\text{Vacuum} $$ Time-bin: $$ \lvert \Psi \rangle = \alpha \lvert 0 \rangle + \beta \lvert 1 \rangle $$ $$ \lvert 0 \rangle = \int_{-\infty}^{\infty} dz\ f\left(\frac{t -z/c}{\delta t_{ph}}\right) e^{-i w_0 (t-z/c)} \hat{a}^\dagger(z) \lvert 0 \rangle_\text{Vacuum} $$ $$ \lvert 1 \rangle = \int_{-\infty}^{\infty} dz\ f\left(\frac{t -z/c+\tau}{\delta t_{ph}}\right) e^{-i w_0 (t-z/c+\tau)} \hat{a}^\dagger(z) \lvert 0 \rangle_\text{Vacuum} $$   Is there anything else? Why is January month 0 in Java Calendar? In java.util.Calendar, January is defined as month 0, not month 1. Is there any specific reason to that ?  I have seen many people getting confused about that... Making a Comment on a page without being on that page? I have a built a Wordpress site that enables comments on pages and I am using them as reviews, what I would like to do is for someone to be able to make a comment on a page without being on that page.    On the link above, the top right, there is a link that says have your say about a university, it would be good to have a HTML form and then a dropdown box of all the child pages of university-guide; which is where all the universities are stored, and then I can put my comments.php file into this.  So my HTML form appears and when a page is picked from a dropdown box, the comment will then be assigned to that page.  Any help or direction?    New Question for Toscho:  Below is your tweaked plugin to fit into my website, as you can see I have added the select option yearSelect and need this to appear when the comments appear. How would I go about doing this? - Could you provide ay help please?      &lt;?php /* Plugin Name: haveyoursay */  /**  * Call the form in your template with:  * do_action( 'wpse_67527_comment_form' );  */ add_action( 'wpse_67527_comment_form', 'wpse_67527_comment_form' );  /**  * Create a review form.  *  * @return void  */ function wpse_67527_comment_form() {     $select_id = 'page_select';     $url = 'http' . ( is_ssl() ? 's' : '' ) . '://' . $_SERVER['HTTP_HOST'] . $_SERVER['REQUEST_URI'];     $url = esc_url( $url );     ?&gt; &lt;form action="&lt;?php echo site_url( '/wp-comments-post.php' ); ?&gt;" method="post"&gt; &lt;h3&gt;Leave us your student perspective &lt;img src="/wp-content/themes/blue-and-grey/images/hmepage-tri.png"&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;     &lt;p&gt;         &lt;label for="author"&gt;&lt;?php _e( 'Name' ); ?&gt;&lt;/label&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;         &lt;input id="author" name="author" type="text" size="40" /&gt;     &lt;/p&gt;     &lt;p&gt;         &lt;label for="email"&gt;&lt;?php _e( 'Email' ); ?&gt;&lt;/label&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;         &lt;input id="email" name="email" type="text" size="40" /&gt;     &lt;/p&gt;     &lt;p&gt;         &lt;label for="&lt;?php echo $select_id; ?&gt;"&gt;             &lt;div class="clear"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;             Pick a university from the list: &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;         &lt;/label&gt;         &lt;?php         // Ordered by page name automatically         wp_dropdown_pages(             array (                 'name' =&gt; 'comment_post_ID',                 'id'   =&gt; $select_id,                 'child_of' =&gt; 2,             )         );         ?&gt;       &lt;/p&gt;     &lt;div class="clear"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;     &lt;p style="margin:10px 0px 0px 0px;"&gt;Please select your year of study: &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;     &lt;select name="yearSelect"&gt;     &lt;option value="1st"&gt;First Year&lt;/option&gt;     &lt;option value="2nd"&gt;Second Year&lt;/option&gt;     &lt;option value="2nd"&gt;Third Year&lt;/option&gt;     &lt;/select&gt;     &lt;/p&gt;     &lt;br /&gt;     &lt;p&gt;         &lt;textarea name="comment" cols="45" rows="8"&gt;&lt;/textarea&gt;     &lt;/p&gt;     &lt;p&gt;         &lt;?php         wp_nonce_field( 'unfiltered-html-comment_' . get_the_ID(), '_wp_unfiltered_html_comment_disabled', FALSE );         ?&gt;         &lt;input type="hidden" name="redirect_to" value="&lt;?php echo $url; ?&gt;" /&gt;         &lt;input type="submit" style="margin:15px 0px 0px 0px; padding:4px 10px;" /&gt;     &lt;/p&gt; &lt;/form&gt;     &lt;?php }  add_filter( 'comment_post_redirect', 'wpse_67527_redirect' );  /**  * Strip '#comment-number' from redirect url.  *  * @param  string $url  * @return string  */ function wpse_67527_redirect( $url ) {     $parts = explode( '#', $url );     return $parts[0]; } ?&gt; What do 'real', 'user' and 'sys' mean in the output of time(1)? $ time foo real        0m0.003s user        0m0.000s sys         0m0.004s $   What do 'real', 'user' and 'sys' mean in the output of time?  Which one is meaningful when benchmarking my app? Limit involving the exponential of an expression plus a small-o I'm trying to formalize the following limit:  $$\lim_{x \to \infty} \left[1+\frac{a}{x}+o\left(\frac{1}{x}\right) \right]^x= e^a$$ however I can't see how to rigorously show this identity.  Any suggestions? how to run a winform from console application? How do I create, execute and control a winform from within a console application? One single command to update everything in Ubuntu? I'm learning how to use the mirror modifier and I am having some trouble.  When I apply the modifier to my object I don't see a mirrored version of it.  What am I doing wrong? Let's say we are given a set of positive reals, and we're told that these are the edges of a convex  $n$-gon, and we must compute it's area.   For $n = 3$ there is the famous Heron's formula:  $$A = {1\over 4}\sqrt{4a^2b^2 - (a^2 + b^2 - c^2)^2}$$  For $n = 4$ there is Brahmagupta's formula:  $$A = {1\over 4}\sqrt{(a^2 + b^2 + c^2 + d^2)^2 + 8abcd - 2(a^4 + b^4 + c^4 + d^4)}$$  Is there a generalization for arbitrary $n$? Does it even exist? Callout Mock Responses & multiple HTTP Status Code values I'm trying to unit test the behavior of some code which performs callouts and its logic is dependent on the HTTP status code of the response - 200 vs 401.  The pattern being exercised is familiar:   Make callout Response is (unauthorized) HTTP 401 Logic checks Status value on the response if (status == 200) { /* yay! */ } if (status == 401) { /* make request for auth /* }   retry original callout with newly acquired authorization yay!    I am attempting to test the code's "try, auth, retry" behavior using the MultiStaticResourceCalloutMock but it appears that only a single status code can be set for all requests that the mock provider can respond to using the .setStatusCode(int) method. Is this accurate?  Is there a mechanism for using a single MultiStaticResourceCalloutMock and having it respond with different status codes per URL in the test context?  Is the only solution here to use a Dispatcher such as what Andrew Fawcett documents here in this answer?   Is there another method/mechanism that allows for different status codes to be returned by the mock provider on the HTTPResponse?    Some  showing the one-time usage pattern of the .setStatusCode(200) method and the multimock class.  @isTest private class CalloutMultiStaticClassTest {     @isTest static void testCalloutWithMultipleStaticResources() {         // Use MultiStaticResourceCalloutMock to         // specify fake response for a certain endpoint and          // include response body in a static resource.             MultiStaticResourceCalloutMock multimock = new MultiStaticResourceCalloutMock();         multimock.setStaticResource(             'http://api.salesforce.com/foo/bar', 'mockResponse');         multimock.setStaticResource(             'http://api.salesforce.com/foo/sfdc', 'mockResponse2');         multimock.setStatusCode(200);         multimock.setHeader('Content-Type', 'application/json');          // Set the mock callout mode         Test.setMock(HttpCalloutMock.class, multimock);          // Call the method for the first endpoint         HTTPResponse res = CalloutMultiStaticClass.getInfoFromExternalService(             'http://api.salesforce.com/foo/bar');         // Verify response received          System.assertEquals('{"hah":"fooled you"}', res.getBody());          // Call the method for the second endpoint         HTTPResponse res2 = CalloutMultiStaticClass.getInfoFromExternalService(             'http://api.salesforce.com/foo/sfdc');         // Verify response received          System.assertEquals('{"hah":"fooled you twice"}', res2.getBody());     } } A disk is stuck in my slot-loading Dell Studio Hybrid. How can I get it out? The slot-loading optical drive in my Dell Studio Hybrid has been acting up. Sometimes it works fine, sometimes it churns and makes some unpleasant sounds. Now I can't even get it to eject the disc that's in there.  Many drives have an "emergency eject" pinhole, but I don't see one here. How can I get the disc out? Product Snippets with JSON-LD + Schema.org - Are there any live examples in Google index? ** EDIT Feb 2016 - Finally JSON-LD seems to be working now in SERPS, with extremely fast changes-to-index time, assuming you have everything with Google merchant center feeds syncd and linked. Make sure the price, stock, and identifier are the same on your JSON-LD as it is on the Google shopping feed. New organization-&gt;localbusiness types are live, organization reviews are live... however JSON-LD feed alt= endpoints still do not exist, the homepage schema defining custom site name is not active, and G support for schema itemList/dateModified is still questionable. You can still get pagination results and date modified snippets by using literal text strings in your view/template Showing 1-28 of 8977 Results (321 Pages)and Last updated on February 3rd 2016. To proceed to a deeper exploration of JSON-LD support, see these:       Original Post Below: Google seems to be flip flopping JSON-LD -&gt; Schema.org product [or other types of] snippets. The snippets verify without error in both the testing tool and long term (10+ months) across 5 properties in GWT search console. The snippets have been applied to index, removed, applied, and removed again, seemingly not being applied again in regards to various facets. Since they worked in the past via microdata, and were applied long term, I assume it's due to the switch to JSON-LD. I have not found any official docs nor examples that say &quot;Google will support and render products snippets that use JSON-LD&quot;. Same thing with breadcrumb snippets and review looping. All I see is a handful of Google examples for events, movies, recipes, very basic [incomplete] organization etc. This seems strange to me considering the sheer amount of ecom pages using product snippets trumps the amount of movies, recipes, and events combined. So the question is, does Google officially support, index, and render product markup using JSON-LD? If so, can anyone point me to a live example to verify this? ** This question is not intended to be &quot;opinion/recommendation based&quot;....im looking for a specific link and subsequent SERP result [evidence] showing that JSON-LD products/etc are indeed rendered within Google.com realm as of late August 2015. ** EDIT Nov 16 2015 - Another annoying caveat has been found. Google merchant center validates certain shopping feed fields such as condition, stock, and price against live microdata. However, it seems to not recognize JSON-LD.... although, as stated above, it's recommended to use in all the G examples, and it validates the snippet test. So due to this, your merchant center account could be suspended because of &quot;differences in presentation data&quot;