frame_change_post/pre not working when Rendering Animation I've got this script file that works flawlessly in the viewport, but stops completely when I start rendering it as an Animation.  import bpy import math  def my_handler(scene):     print('testing') # this will be printed out 3 times each frame when rendering the animation, but once only in the viewport.     #assigning variables to objects     a=bpy.data.objects['EmptyTop']     b=bpy.data.objects['EmptyRight']     text=bpy.data.objects['TextRightSide']      # formula for calculating distance     distance=str(int(math.hypot(a.location.x - b.location.x, a.location.y - b.location.y)*10))     text.data.body=distance  bpy.app.handlers.frame_change_post.append(my_handler)   (my_handler) is refreshed every frame as I've tested it by printing a test text in it. However, the main problem is that it does not do anything with the next code (bpy.data.objects). I've tried to change (bpy.data) to (scene) as shown  import bpy import math  def my_handler(scene):     print('testing')     #assigning variables to objects     a=scene.objects['EmptyTop']     b=scene.objects['EmptyRight']     text=scene.objects['TextRightSide']      # formula for calculating distance     distance=str(int(math.hypot(a.location.x - b.location.x, a.location.y - b.location.y)*10))     text.data.body=distance  bpy.app.handlers.frame_change_post.append(my_handler)   Worked just fine in the viewport but gave me this message when rendering the it as An animation  (line 7, in my_handler KeyError: 'bpy_prop_collection[key]: key "EmptyTop" not found')   Sooo, what should I do now to make it work?
Handler frame_change_pre doesn't work in render this works in viewport but not in render.  import bpy from math import *  def frame_handler(scene):     z = scene.objects['Lift'].location[2]     scene.objects['Text'].data.body = str(floor(z / 4.0) - 2)  bpy.app.handlers.frame_change_pre.clear() bpy.app.handlers.frame_change_pre.append(frame_handler)   How to get it working in render? I've read  and changed from "bpy.data.objects" to "scene.objects" as already seen in the script. What am I missing? Blender v. 2.81.16  Edit. Tried that depsgraph thing mentioned in comments and changed to frame_change_post:  import bpy from bpy.app.handlers import persistent from math import *  @persistent  # maybe not relevant but doesn't harm anything? def frame_handler(scene, depsgraph):     z = scene.objects['Lift'].evaluated_get(depsgraph).location[2]     scene.objects['Text'].data.body = str(floor(z / 4.0) - 2)  bpy.app.handlers.frame_change_pre.clear() bpy.app.handlers.frame_change_post.clear() bpy.app.handlers.frame_change_post.append(frame_handler)   Now the Text doesn't show up at all in rendered (but works in viewport).
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In the course of testing things out, I've also found that calling a function defined with pgfmathdeclarefunction can also change the positioning of the graph...  \documentclass{article}  \usepackage{xparse}  \usepackage{pgfplots} \pgfplotsset{compat=1.10}  \begin{document}  % Example of a macro which does math outside of pgf     \ExplSyntaxOn     \DeclareExpandableDocumentCommand \doubleMacro { m }%      {%       \fp_eval:n { #1*2 }%Math performed by a package other than pgfplots      }%     \ExplSyntaxOff    %Demo: macro does work in regular text \doubleMacro{1.1}.  % Defining custom pgf functions for plotting      \pgfmathdeclarefunction{mathDoubleMacro}{1}{%         \pgfmathparse{\doubleMacro{#1}} %Calls macro which performs math done by another package     }      \pgfmathdeclarefunction{mathDoublePgf}{1}{%         \pgfmathparse{#1*2} %Uses pgf to do the same thing as an external macro could     }  %Generic plot with function given directly to \addplot \begin{center} \begin{tikzpicture}     \begin{axis}         \addplot[domain=0:1] {2*x};     \end{axis} \end{tikzpicture} \end{center}  %Plot using first macro: complains about 'Unknown fp word Y.' \begin{center} \begin{tikzpicture}     \begin{axis}         %\addplot[domain=0:1] {mathDoubleMacro(x)};%Commented out because it gives problems     \end{axis} \end{tikzpicture} \end{center}  %Plot using second macro: works, but graph is displaced to the right of the expected position \begin{center} \begin{tikzpicture}     \begin{axis}         \addplot[domain=0:1] {mathDoublePgf(x)};     \end{axis} \end{tikzpicture} \end{center}  \end{document}   If I define mathDoubleMacro as calling a non-existent macro, then the errors show which x-values which the addplot is trying to evaluate y at:    0Y0.0e0  1Y4.1666e-2 1Y8.3332e-2 ...  1Y9.9998401e-1   What are these nY's all about, and why does \addplot[domain=0:1] {mathDoublePgf(x)} give a graph with different positioning? 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