I'm a newbie and knew linux ubuntu a month ago. I just installed ubuntu 12.10 with windows xp. It's success, but after login just background, no bar, no button and there is no anything. What is the problem?
When I login, nothing happens.   I am presented with my desktop wallpaper.    No Dash, no Launcher, nothing.
Proving the identity functions is continuous iff $\tau_1\supseteq\tau_2$ Exercise: Let $\tau_1$ and $\tau_2$ be two topological spaces on a  set $X$. Then $\tau_1$ is said to be a finer topology than $\tau_2$ if $\tau_1\supseteq\tau_2$. Prove the identity function $f:(X,\tau_1)\to (X,\tau_2)$ is continuous if and only if $\tau_1$ is a finer topology than $\tau_2$.  Attempted proof: Let $A\in\tau_1$. If $f$ is continuous then $\exists B\in\tau_2$ such $f(A)\subset B\implies A\subset B$ for any $A\in\tau_1$ such that all open sets of $\tau_1$ are open sets of $\tau_2$ hence $\tau_1\supseteq \tau_2$. If $\tau_1$ is a finer topology than $\tau_2$, for any $B\in\tau_2\implies B\in\tau_1$ which implies that $f^{-1}(B)=B$, then $B\in\tau_1$ which proves $f$ to be continuous. Questions: Is my proof right? If not. What is wrong? What are alternatives? Thanks in advance! I am trying to perform a multiple regression in R. However, my dependent variable has the following plot:    Here is a scatterplot matrix with all my variables (WAR is the dependent variable):    I know that I need to perform a transformation on this variable (and possibly the independent variables?) but I am not sure of the exact transformation required. Can someone point me in the right direction? I am happy to provide any additional information about the relationship between the independent and dependent variables.  The diagnostic graphics from my regression look as follows:    EDIT  After transforming the dependent and independent variables using Yeo-Johnson transformations, the diagnostic plots look like this:    If I use a GLM with a log-link, the diagnostic graphics are: Is there any way to get the ID of the element that fires an event?  I'm thinking something like:    $(document).ready(function() {   $("a").click(function() {     var test = caller.id;     alert(test.val());   }); }); &lt;script type="text/javascript" src="starterkit/jquery.js"&gt;&lt;/script&gt;  &lt;form class="item" id="aaa"&gt;   &lt;input class="title"&gt;&lt;/input&gt; &lt;/form&gt; &lt;form class="item" id="bbb"&gt;   &lt;input class="title"&gt;&lt;/input&gt; &lt;/form&gt;     Except of course that the var test should contain the id "aaa", if the event is fired from the first form, and "bbb", if the event is fired from the second form. Prime factorizations of consecutive numbers, can they both contains powers of greater than or equal to $1000$? How does temperature relate to the kinetic energy of molecules? In ideal gas model,  is the measure of average kinetic energy of the gas molecules. If by some means the gas particles are accelerated to a very high speed in one direction, KE certainly increased, can we say the gas becomes hotter? Do we need to distinguish the random vibration KE and KE in one direction?  Furthermore, if we accelerate a block of metal with ultrasonic vibrator so that the metal is vibrating in very high speed with cyclic motion, can we say the metal is hot when it is moving but suddenly become much cooler when the vibration stop? Do we have to tune the number of trees in a random forest? Why are There No "Triernions" (3-dimensional analogue of complex numbers / quaternions)? Since there are  complex numbers (2 dimensions) and quaternions (4 dimensions), it follows intuitively that there ought to be something in between for 3 dimensions ("triernions").   Yet no one uses these. Why is this? If an effect would prevent a spell from doing damage, does it continue to prevent that damage after the spell changes zones? Anthony casts , targeting Nathan's .  Nathan casts and resolves , choosing to 1) prevent all damage that would be dealt by Searing Blood this turn and 2) put a +1/+1 counter on Elvish Mystic.  Searing Blood resolves, deals no damage, and goes to the graveyard.  Anthony casts and resolves  to kill Elvish Mystic.  Searing Blood triggers from the graveyard, because Elvish Mystic died. Does the prevention effect created by Dromoka's command still apply to it after it changes zones? In other words, will Searing Blood deal 3 damage to Nathan? DC Motor as a Generator Voltage and Current Simplest Example of a Poset that is not a Lattice A partially ordered set $(X, \leq)$ is called a lattice if for every pair of elements $x,y \in X$ both the infimum and suprememum of the set $\{x,y\}$ exists. I'm trying to get an intuition for how a partially ordered set can fail to be a lattice. In $\mathbb{R}$, for example, once two elements are selected the completeness of the real numbers guarantees the existence of both the infimum and supremum. Now, if we restrict our attention to a nondegenerate interval $(a,b)$ it is clear that no two points in $(a,b)$ have either a suprememum or infimum in $(a,b)$.   Is this the right way to think of a poset that is not a lattice? Is there perhaps a more fundamental example that would yield further clarity? Coulomb's Law states that the fall-off of the strength of the electrostatic force is inversely proportional to the distance squared of the charges. Gauss's law implies that the total flux through a surface completely enclosing a charge is proportional to the total amount of charge. If we imagine a two-dimensional world of people who knew Gauss's law, they would imagine a surface completely enclosing a charge as a flat circle around the charge.  Integrating the flux, they would find that the electrostatic force should be inversely proportional to the distance of the charges, if Gauss's law were true in a two-dimensional world. However, if they observed a $\frac{1}{r^2}$ fall-off, this implies a two-dimensional world is not all there is. Is this argument correct? Does the $\frac{1}{r^2}$ fall-off imply that there are only three spatial dimensions we live in? I want to make sure this is right before I tell this to my friends and they laugh at me. LG Nexus 4 compatibility Airtel India Possible Duplicate:          I plan to purchase the LG Nexus 4 from the US on the release date (13th November). The phone claims to be unlocked. But will it be compatible with Airtel in India for both data and call services? Ctrl -C, Ctrl -V not working in different keyboard layout When I am in English, Ctrl+C, Ctrl+V works fine when I need to copy paste. But when I turn to Greek, Ctrl+C and Ctrl+V and basically no shortcut almost works in Greek.  So each time I have to alt shift and go back to English in order to user Ctrl+C to copy something. How can I apply this to the Greek keyboard profile?  EDIT  I also realized that when using NetBeans IDE 7.4,  I can copy and paste in Greek but I can't use the tonic system of the language over the words. In Aptana studio I can't use Copy and paste Ctrl+C, Ctrl+V When using gedit everything works fine. Different software use different keyboard layout settings? Brace expansion not working in a script What are the ways to position things absolutely on the page? I know that there is tikz, but also eso-pic and textpos.  I'd like to see a list of possible ways (not necessarily packages) for absolute positioning of things (which I believe amounts to "boxes") on the page, together with their advantages and disadvantages (for instance: tikz's current page node is very easy to use, but usually requires two LaTeX runs, and overhead from loading tikz if you don't need it for any other things is considerable).  Both LaTeX and ConTeXt solutions are welcome Prove that $\lim_{n \to \infty} \int_0^1{nx^nf(x)}dx$ is equal to $f(1)$. Rejecting a PhD offer after having accepted it. Advice? I have accepted a PhD offer from a very good university to do a project very close to my interests. I have told the project supervisor I accept it. In the meanwhile I have managed to secure a PhD offer from another 2 universities much better in world rankings and with better research groups and better faculty. Additionally these 2 universities do research exactly on what I want to devote my PhD research.  My only commitment to the first university is a mail confirming I accept. Nothing else. I understand declining the offer after already having accepted it is quite dishonest but it is a huge decision that will affect my future in a very significant level.   I would like your opinion and I would also like to ask for possible consequences of such an action. As far a postdocs concerned, in the first university there is no chance I ever get a postdoc since they do not actually do research on my area (except for the prospective supervisor and even he not as much).  UPDATE I have decided to do as I was afraid to. I have decided to choose a different university than the first one that I have already accepted the offer. My offer acceptance included:    An online "I accept" statement. An e-mail I sent stating "I accept the scholarship and this University is my first option"   I do not have any legal commitments since I have not signed anything. The supervisor of the first university though is really nice to me and continuously was sending me mails. How do I very nicely tell her I will not be joining in the end? Additionally the place I will go in the end will be for research in Mathematics and not Physics. Can I use this as a part of a sensical excuse?  WHAT I HAVE CHOSEN AND WHAT THE CONSEQUENCES WERE  I think that I should let people, especially other beginning grad students know what happened with my case. I have chosen to nicely tell the first university I got accepted that I will not be attending and will not be pursuing a PhD there since I decided I have different research interests (which is true). I had applied there in the first place since I was not sure what I wanted to do and because it was a nice program. Despite that, I got an offer from a World top university to work on 100% my research interests. I explained this to them, the first uni, and they happily let me go and wished me good luck, especially the supervisor who faught a lot secure me funding. I was lucky. Shell script works when saved with nano but not when saved with Notepad++ When I copy my bash script across from Notepad++ into a new file with nano editor inside SSH and save. It runs fine. (sh ./install).   But if I save the file (Exact same contents), upload to my web server, download it using Wget on the same machine. I get syntax errors. I've checked the encoding and they seem to be the same. I have since used a plethora of character encoding to see if it will resolve the issue. I am also setting the file to executable once I download it using wget!  The file runs fine and I have zero errors when copy and pasting using nano. Any idea what this may be? A recent downvote drew my attention to my  four years ago to . I edited the answer to update the links and to (very slightly) change the tone of the answer. I was in a very bad mood at the time of the answer.  Still, reading the comments, I think I was largely correct: it's better for the site if we encourage people to do a little research before posting. Maybe even just the "two minutes of searching" that I refer to in the answer.  I was considering deleting the answer, but decided to bring the old debate back to Meta, instead.  "Was I right, or was I right?" Could $X^3 + X + 1$ have a root in $E?$ Consider the irreducible polynomial $g = X^4 + X + 1$ over $F_2$ and let $E$ be the extension of $F_2 =$ {0, 1} with a root $α$ of $g.$  Could $X^3 + X + 1$ have a root in $E?$  When working through this sheet Ive come across this question in which im not sure how to answer so any help will be appreciated