Today, I tried to install the latest version of TexLive (see ) on Windows 10. However, the installation always fails. I tried twice so far and the customization means mostly, that I disable all kinds of languages which I do not need (besides English) and the text editor.  Here is the error log. The error seems always to be connected to TLUtils and TLPDB. I found that several other users had the same problem, but there does not seem to be a real solution. Some post that it worked after several attempts, others post that it only works with an ISO image of Tex Live, etc.  Loading http://vesta.informatik.rwth-aachen.de/ftp/pub/mirror/ctan/systems/texlive/tlnet/tlpkg/texlive.tlpdb   Installing TeX Live 2017 from: http://vesta.informatik.rwth-aachen.de/ftp/pub/mirror/ctan/systems/texlive/tlnet (not verified)   Platform: win32 =&gt; 'Windows'   Distribution: net  (downloading)   Using URL: http://vesta.informatik.rwth-aachen.de/ftp/pub/mirror/ctan/systems/texlive/tlnet   Directory for temporary files: C:\Users\XYZ\AppData\Local\Temp\0Dj9402Jdj   Installer revision: 44918   Database revision: 44936   Settings:     [...]   total_size: "3819"   Installing to: C:/texlive/2017   Not an admin install; not making read-only   Not an admin install; not making read-only   Not an admin install; not making read-only   Not an admin install; not making read-only   Installing [0001/2913, time/total: ??:??/??:??]: 12many [376k]   Installing [0002/2913, time/total: 00:04/05:53:16]: 2up [66k]   Installing [0003/2913, time/total: 00:05/06:16:03]: Asana-Math [482k]   Installing [0004/2913, time/total: 00:06/03:35:31]: ESIEEcv [137k]   Installing [0005/2913, time/total: 00:07/03:39:03]: FAQ-en [4971k]    [...]    Installing [0896/2913, time/total: 23:43/01:20:15]: epspdfconversion [412k]   Installing [0897/2913, time/total: 23:53/01:20:46]: epstopdf [23k]   Installing [0898/2913, time/total: 23:54/01:20:49]: epstopdf.win32 [1k]   Installing [0899/2913, time/total: 23:54/01:20:49]: eqell [180k]   TLUtils::check_file: removing C:\Users\XYZ\AppData\Local\Temp\0Dj9402Jdj\N3oJ6a9ziv\eqell.doc.tar.xz, sizes differ:     TLUtils::check_file:   TL=127020, arg=183208   TLPDB::_install_package: downloading did not succeed   Installation failed.   Rerunning the installer will try to restart the installation.   Or you can restart by running the installer with:     install-tl-windows.bat --profile installation.profile [EXTRA-ARGS]   or   install-tl-advanced.bat --profile installation.profile [EXTRA-ARGS]   Any one knows what the issue could be? Thanks for any hints.
I'm trying to install texlive.  I proceeded in the recommended way, as per   After hours since initiating the download with install-tl as per instructions in . Hours after intiating the install-tl command, the installation aborted with the following error message:  Installing [2507/3271, time/total: 03:01:18/03:46:09]: rec-thy [221k] TLUtils::check_file: removing /tmp/bgLBEx3xxA/o1ankpQviV/rec-thy.tar.xz, sizes differ: TLUtils::check_file:   TL=0, arg=7428 TLPDB::_install_package: downloading did not succeed Installation failed. Rerunning the installer will try to restart the installation. Or you can restart by running the installer with:   install-tl --profile installation.profile [EXTRA-ARGS] install-tl: Writing log in current directory: /usr/local/src/install-tl-20160728/install-tl.log   I have no idea how to implement the crypic instruction  install-tl --profile installation.profile [EXTRA-ARGS]   because I can't find any information as what the EXTRA-ARGS should be, and google provided no help.    So I started again with   install-tl   hoping it would be smart enough not to start from scratch, but it wasn't, and did start from scratch, meaning another 3 hours.     This time it crashed after a few minutes, with   Installing [0051/3271, time/total: 04:08/04:30:47]: ae [84k] TLUtils::check_file: removing /tmp/ZLEUeUk8LV/ps7iOTjRWq/ae.tar.xz, sizes differ: TLUtils::check_file:   TL=43160, arg=57364 TLPDB::_install_package: downloading did not succeed Installation failed. Rerunning the installer will try to restart the installation. Or you can restart by running the installer with:   install-tl --profile installation.profile [EXTRA-ARGS] install-tl: Writing log in current directory: /usr/local/src/install-tl-20160728/install-tl.log   Why would the installation crash at different places?  Could somebody please interpret these crashes and how to prevent them?   If the installation crashes again, is there a way of picking up where I left off?   (presumably using the mysterious EXTRA-ARGS?).  If all else fails, is there another way of getting a less complete latex installation that will actually work?    Thanks very much for any advice?
Format not available in tag wiki excerpt For example, :   Format like bold or italic are not available , so it leaves ugly text there:  **This tag is *extremely* ambiguous. Consider using other tags instead.**    Does this need to get fixed, or it's not supported and the tag-wiki needs to be format-free? Random Sample vs. As Large a Sample as Possible? I'm struggling to differentiate scenarios where you would use random sampling vs. getting as large a sample as possible. For instance, one thing I am trying to test is the notion that being in a "home" arena boosts player performance.  I have collected individual football game data for every game over the past 10 years. I have over 34000 observations of players performance during this time span. Would it have been more prudent for me to take a random sample of say, 1000 players over the past 10 years?  I just don't understand why, in the above scenario, I'd take a random sample of 1000 when I can just take all of the players performances from the past 10 years. US doctor working in Tripoli wants me to open online account Polynomial contrasts for regression I cannot understand the usage of polynomial contrasts in regression fitting. In particular, I am referring to an encoding used by R in order to express an interval variable (ordinal variable with equally spaced levels), described at .  In the example of , if I understood correctly, R fits a model for an interval variable, returning some coefficients which weights its linear, quadratic, or cubic trend. Hence, the fitted model should be:  $${\rm write} = 52.7870 + 14.2587X - 0.9680X^2 - 0.1554X^3,$$  where $X$ should take values $1$, $2$, $3$, or $4$ according to the different level of the interval variable.  Is this correct? And, if so, what was the purpose of polynomial contrasts? Is "The empty set is a subset of any set" a convention? Recently I learned that for any set A, we have $\varnothing\subset A$.  I found some explanation of why it holds.     $\varnothing\subset A$ means "for every object $x$, if $x$ belongs to the empty set, then $x$ also belongs to the set A". This is a vacuous truth, because the antecedent ($x$ belongs to the empty set) could never be true, so the conclusion always holds ($x$ also belongs to the set A). So $\varnothing\subset A$ holds.   What confused me was that, the following expression was also a vacuous truth.     For every object  $x$, if $x$ belongs to the empty set, then $x$ doesn't belong to the set A.   According to the definition of the vacuous truth, the conclusion ($x$ doesn't belong to the set A) holds, so $\varnothing\not\subset A$ would be true, too.  Which one is correct? Or is it just a convention to let $\varnothing\subset A$? How do "and" and "or" act with non-boolean values? How is Russell’s Paradox equal to the universal set? How to properly typeset multiletter quantities, e.g. Re or Nu (Reynolds, Nusselt numbers) Is there a canonical way to typeset such quantities in equations and inline math?  \documentclass{article} \begin{document} $Re$, $Nu$ are clearly not an option. $\mathit{Re}$, $\mathit{Nu}$ appear ok to me. \end{document} Why $9$ & $11$ are special in divisibility tests using decimal digit sums? (casting out nines & elevens) I don't know if this is a well-known fact, but I have observed that every number, no matter how large, that is equally divided by $9$, will equal $9$ if you add all the numbers it is made from until there is $1$ digit. A quick example of what I mean:  $9*99 = 891$ $8+9+1 = 18$ $1+8 = 9$  This works even with really long numbers like $4376331$ Why is that? This doesn't work with any other number. Similarly for $11$ and alternating digits sums. Cardinality of the set of all (real) discontinuous functions This is a question from the book Introduction to Set Theory (Hrbacek and Jech), chapter 5, question 2.6.     (Show that) The cardinality of the set of all discontinuous functions is $2^{2^{\aleph_0}}$. [Hint: Using exercise 2.5, show that $|\mathbb{R}^\mathbb{R}-C|=2^{2^{\aleph_0}}$ whenever $|C|\leq 2^{\aleph_0}$.]   Exercise 2.5, as referred to in the hint, provides the following result:     For $n&gt;0$, $n \cdot 2^{2^{\aleph_0}} = \aleph_0 \cdot 2^{2^{\aleph_0}} = 2^{\aleph_0} \cdot 2^{2^{\aleph_0}} = 2^{2^{\aleph_0}} \cdot 2^{2^{\aleph_0}} = (2^{2^{\aleph_0}})^n = (2^{2^{\aleph_0}})^{\aleph_0} = (2^{2^{\aleph_0}})^{2^{\aleph_0}}=2^{2^{\aleph_0}}$.   The only way I could answer this question was by making use of two theorems stated later  in the same textbook. First, it is easy to prove that $|\mathbb{R}^\mathbb{R}-C|$ is an infinite set, since if it was finite we would have \begin{equation}2^{2^{\aleph_0}}=|\mathbb{R}^\mathbb{R}|=|\mathbb{R}^\mathbb{R}-C|+|C| \leq n+2^{\aleph_0}=2^{\aleph_0}&lt; 2^{2^{\aleph_0}},\end{equation}which is a contradiction. Now I make use of a theorem requiring the axiom of choice: For every infinite set $S$ there exists a unique aleph $\aleph_\alpha$ such that $|S|=\aleph_\alpha$. So I let $|\mathbb{R}^\mathbb{R}-C|=\aleph_\alpha$ for some ordinal $\alpha$. Now assume $\aleph_\alpha &lt; 2^{2^{\aleph_0}}$. Here I make use of another theorem, which i am not sure I am allowed to do: For every $\alpha$ and $\beta$ such that $\alpha \leq \beta$, we have $\aleph_\alpha+\aleph_\beta=\aleph_\beta$. So I basically then say either $|\mathbb{R}^\mathbb{R}-C|+|C|=\aleph_\alpha$ or $|\mathbb{R}^\mathbb{R}-C|+|C|=2^{\aleph_0}$, depending on whether $\aleph_\alpha \leq 2^{\aleph_0}$ or vice-versa. The assumption I am making is that $2^{\aleph_0}=\aleph_1$, which as I understand it is basically equivalent to the continuum hypothesis, as we are saying that the least uncountable number is $\aleph_1$ (but by the previous theorem requiring the axiom of choice this seems reasonable?). So anyway assuming I can do that, we again have a contradiction since then we are saying $|\mathbb{R}^\mathbb{R}|=2^{\aleph_0}&lt;2^{2^{\aleph_0}}$ or $|\mathbb{R}^\mathbb{R}|=\aleph_\alpha &lt; 2^{2^{\aleph_0}}$.  My main problem with my proof is that I am not making use of the result given in exercise 2.5 as suggested in the hint. Can anyone help with a proof making use of this result (stated in the second block quote above). Wikipedia introduces the vector product for two vectors $\vec a$ and  $\vec b$ as $$ \vec a \times\vec b=(\| \vec a\| \|\vec b\|\sin\Theta)\vec n $$ It then mentions that $\vec n$ is the vector normal to the plane made by $\vec a$ and  $\vec b$, implying that $\vec a$ and  $\vec b$ are 3D vectors. Wikipedia mentions something about a 7D cross product, but I'm not going to pretend I understand that.  My idea, which remains unconfirmed with any source, is that a cross product can be thought of a vector which is orthogonal to all vectors which you are crossing.  If, and that's a big IF, this is right over all dimensions, we know that for a set of $n-1$ $n$-dimensional vectors, there exists a vector which is orthogonal to all of them.  The magnitude would have something to do with the area/volume/hypervolume/etc. made by the vectors we are crossing.  Am I right to guess that this multidimensional aspect of cross vectors exists or is that last part utter rubbish? How can I mount the /system directory rewritable or read-only on my Android phone? Using equations to draw out complex objects How do people come up with equations of curves to draw out complex objects?  Some popular examples would include:  &amp;  .  This  explains the rationale for the batman curve nicely.  But other than trial and error, I can't see a reasonable way of drawing the much more complicated PSY curve. How are House points tabulated/tracked? Meta sites in "Your Communities" display different reputation While using the top bar to navigate across communities, I noticed that the reputation displayed on meta sites on that list does not match the one of their corresponding main sites:    I have noticed on past situations that reputation gained takes a bit to "update" on the display on Meta sites (that is, if you gain rep on SO, for example, it will take some time for you to see your updated rep on MSO).  However, I have never noticed this behavior here, on the Sites List of the top bar. Furthermore, the "delay" here seems to be more severe, as the "outdated" rep showed is of several days ago (for example, I turned 3k on SO almost exactly a week ago, but the rep shown on MSO is still &lt;3k).  Any idea what could be causing this behavior?    Update: 2 months later this persists: my main site rep updates correctly but their corresponding meta rep remains the same as in the image above.     Update: As per Catija's  I removed the site (MSO) and put it back in, but it didn't update the rep.   However, after removing one site (TWP Meta), waiting at least a day, and then adding it back I see that although the reputations still don't match, the number displayed did changed a bit (previously 29,924 but now 33,112): List all files in all subfolders In windows, is there any way to get a list of all files in a folder, including all the files within all the subfolders? What areas of physics depend on the sum $1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5 + 6+ 7+\ldots= -1/12$? This youtube video from Numberphile,   shows how the value is derived. In the video, one interviewee claims that "this result is used in many areas of physics". In the video, only string theory is mentioned.  Which areas of physics use or depend on the sum $$1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5 + 6+ 7+\ldots= -1/12?$$ How do I install Guest Additions in a VirtualBox VM? I've recently installed Ubuntu on Oracle's Virtualbox.  Now I want to install the guest additions.  I started up my Ubuntu guest OS, clicked "Devices" and chose "Install Guest Additions". Nothing happened, and I don't see the CD icon on my desktop.  How can I make this work? How did Toru and Koji pass the entrance exam in My Hero Academia? I have seen some comments and speculations about the robot having an off switch or whatever. But I want to know if there is any source material or comment from the author on how they managed to pass the exam.  I have only seen the actual author's comment on Mineta:     But I was wondering if there are author notes for the other characters. Quake-style terminal with splitting in Gnome other than Yakuake The most common Quake-style terminal in Gnome seem to be Guake and Tilda, but they can't split to show several shells in single tab like Yakuake can. Is there any alternative which can do so?