I have 4 series/variables over time. They are in totally different units (monetary, quantities, elasticities, and percentages). I want to make a line plot for each of them. I know it makes no sense to put in the same graph, not even when using different axes, as they are messy.   What troubles me the most is the selection of the scale of the y-axis (x-axis is time). You can zoom in or out and get visually different degrees of apparent variability of the series (and careless readers might be fooled by this).  Of course, that's why we care about the standard deviation. But still, I want to make a graph of the series alone that are somewhat informative.  My question is: is there some logical scale at which the y-axis is to be presented? For example, do I select the mean and then select the y-axis to cover 2 standard deviations up and down from that mean? Is there some standard here?   PS: I've seen , , and  question, but I find no answer to mine there. For instance, the last one, suggested by Nick Cox, has all variables in exactly the same units. In my case, they have for different units. The suggestion of percentage change is not helpful either, because some variables are known to vary much more than others. Ideally, I want to plot the series themselves, and not the changes.
Looking at the following dataset:   Date        Visits   Carts      carts       Orders                       Created   converted    Created 2011-11-11    12277     161        9          36   2011-11-12    11871     93         5          19     2011-11-13    13072     107        8          8      2011-11-14    13594     112        4          34     2011-11-15    12741     129        8          43     2011-11-16    15491     261        16         57  2011-11-17    13418     186        17         42       I've been asked to plot this on a graph, using the Date has the X-Axis and the rest of the data on the Y-Axis. The problem is that the scale of the data is dramatically different. where Visits are in the thousands and Orders Created are in the low tens, the data doesn't plot well on a graph.     I was wondering what a statistician would do in this scenario, I could divide the the Visits by a 1000 and then put in the description (Visits (K)), but then I start to have the same problem with Carts Created, as they are in the hundreds and everything else is in the low tens.  What kind of thing is done in this scenario?
How restrict page for users logged? I have a website with login page that works normal. The problem is that once logged in, the user still has access to the login page form to enter, which should not happen.  I would like to know a wordpres plugin that redirects this user to another page when they access it after login. Why do we need resistors in led I want to schedule my script for last Saturday of every month. I have come up with the below:  45 23 22-28 * *  test $(date +\%u) -eq 6 &amp;&amp; echo "4th Saturday"  &amp;&amp; sh  /folder/script.sh    Is this correct or I need to change it? I can't test it right now as it will be invoked only on last saturday. Please advise.  I have the below for last sunday of every month but i can't understand much of it. The first part gives 24 which is sunday and after -eq gives 7 which i don't know what it means:  00 17  * * 0 [ $(cal -s | tail -2 | awk '{print $1}') -eq $(date | awk '{print $3}') ] &amp;&amp; /folder/script.sh   Can i modify the above to get last saturday?  With Romeo's help I was help to come up with the below answer:  00 17 * * 6 [ $(cal -s | tail -2 | awk '{print $7}') -eq $(date | awk '{print $3}') ] &amp;&amp; /folder/script.sh Is there really no English equivalent to German's “Fachidiot”? There was the following paragraph in the article that came under the title, “GOP and the rise of Anti-knowledge” written by  (October 29, 2015):     “English unfortunately doesn’t have a precise word for the German   “Fachidiot,” a narrowly specialized person accomplished in his own   field but a blithering idiot outside it. In any case, a surgeon is   basically a skilled auto mechanic who is not bothered by the sight of   blood and palpitating organs. We need the surgeon’s skills on pain of   agonizing death, and reward him commensurately but that does not make   him a Voltaire.”    In Japanese we have a word, 専門バカ, of which literal translation is “specialist idiot” meaning exactly same as defined the above - a narrowly specialized person accomplished in his own field but a blithering idiot outside it.  I’m really curious about the absence of short descriptions of the specialist who knows nothing more than his specialty area in English like German “Fachidiot,” and Japanese "専門バカ."  Isn’t there really any short word counterpart to “Fachidiot,” specialist’s ignorance, for instance, in English?  P.S.  I found "narrow-minded specialisit" as a German-to-English translation of "fachidiot" in the web site, Interglot translation dictionary. Which is correct: "one or more is" or "one or more are"? When I loaded the review page (in Stack Overflow, though I have no specific reason to think it is related) I got a weird hat in the upper left hand corner.    See the hat in the upper left hand corner?  That's belonging to user # .  His profile page also has the hat in a ... weird ... location, but not this weird.    I'm guessing this is due to the not-loaded image for the avatar (adblock blocks Facebook avatars for me often)?  It also causes the toolbar notification to show his link unless I'm hovering over something else.  It also changes the location of the gray box to the upper left hand corner when I hover over the hat (and hovering over the white box does nothing).  It's definitely him (or any not-loaded avatar perhaps), once he fell off the last 6 reviewers it stopped appearing. Almost Everywhere Convergence versus Convergence in Measure Currently i am using RF toolbox on MATLAB for a binary classification Problem  Data Set: 50000 samples  and more than 250 features  So what should be the number of trees and randomly selected feature on each split to grow the trees? can any other parameter greatly affect the results? What is the best way to globally change the amount of vertical space between items in list environments? Complement of maximal multiplicative set is a prime ideal Merge multiple video with ffmpeg single command line in specific time without cut it one by one and merge it I have 15 video files which I want to merge with ffmpeg. I want to save time by merge all of the video files in a single command line, not cut it one by one and merge it. Thanks. Proof that a sequence is convergent I'm asked to prove the convergence of the sequence $$X_n=\left(1+\frac12\right)\left(1+\frac14\right)\left(1+\frac18\right)\cdots\left(1+\frac{1}{2^n}\right)$$   I proved that it is increasing through the ratio test and then I want to prove that it is bounded.  My question is the following : is it enough to say that $X_n&lt;\left(\frac32\right)^n$ for $n&gt;1$ or not ? Namely, can we say that a sequence is bounded if $\forall$  $n$ ,  $\exists$ a $N$ such that $X_n&lt;N$ or do I have to find a N such that $\forall$  $n$ , $X_n&lt;N$?  In other words, can a bound depend on $n$ ?  Thanks for your help. SQL - Query to get server's IP address What is the meaning of this sentence - "Were it not for the bodies there on the ground, it would have appeared to be a normal day at the oasis."? Possible Duplicate:          What is the meaning of this sentence - "Were it not for the bodies there on the ground, it would have appeared to be a normal day at the oasis."?  Does it mean something like this - If the bodies were not there on the ground, it would have appeared to be a normal day at the oasis.  Can anyone also explain the structure of this sentence and example of some similar sentences? Let $x,y,z&gt;0$: Prove that:   $\frac{1}{(x+2y)^2}+\frac{1}{(y+2z)^2}+\frac{1}{(z+2x)^2} \geq\frac{1}{xy+yz+zx}$  I tried to apply Cauchy - Schwarz's inequality but I couldn't prove this inequality! Content of a polynomial Define the content of a polynomial (over an arbitrary commutative ring $A$) to be the ideal generated by its coefficients, denoted $c(f)$. I want to show that   $$c(fg) = c(f)c(g).$$      (I was told this is true.)    What I was able to show was that $c(fg) \subseteq c(f)c(g)$ (this is obvious), and that their radicals are the same. My reasoning for the latter was as follows: let $f = a_0 + \dotsb + a_nx^n,$ $g = b_0 + \cdots + a_mx^m,$ and consider the matrix  $$ \begin{pmatrix}  a_0 b_0 &amp; \cdots &amp; a_0b_m\\ \vdots &amp; \ddots &amp; \vdots\\ a_nb_0 &amp; \cdots &amp; a_nb_m \end{pmatrix} .$$  Then $c(f)c(g)$ is generated by the entries of this matrix, while $c(fg)$ is generated by the sums along the diagonals. Let $\mathfrak p$ be a prime ideal of $A$ not containing $c(f)$ or $c(g)$, and let $i,\,j$ be minimal such that $a_i,\, b_j \notin \mathfrak p$.  Then all the terms in the generator of $c(fg)$ corresponding to the coefficient of $x^{i+j}$ are in $\mathfrak p$ except for $a_ib_j$, so that $c(fg) \not\subset\mathfrak p$. It follows that $c(fg) \subseteq \mathfrak p \Longleftrightarrow c(f)c(g) \subseteq\mathfrak p$, and hence $\sqrt{c(fg)} = \sqrt{c(f)c(g)}$.     Can I go all the way and show that in fact $c(fg) = c(f) c(g)$? I'm trying to generate a secret key to be used for HMAC SHA-256 signature processing. I've seen many sample of keys with variable length from 32 characters to 96 characters.  What is the ironclad rule for this key size? I am solving a clustering problem on a trivial dataset with the k-means algorithm. I am running a couple of tests and, from time to time, one centroid doesn't attract any points, i.e. I've got an empty cluster (see the purple "x" in the picture).  What should I do? Shall I delete it or just stop updating its value? Why?    I am aware that built-in functions (e.g., kmeans() in R) have automatic ways of dealing with this situation, but I am trying to write the standard algorithm from scratch. As soon as I fix it I'll be able to compare my results to built-in functions. At this moment I'm looking for some theoretical reasons why I should prefer one solution or another.  In the picture each colour represents a cluster according to the current iteration and each "X" is its centroid (old ones have been kept and marked with the number of the iteration in which they were computed).      [Some related links about empty cluster case, added later by @ttnphns: ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ] What is the limit of this sequence? How does it relate to the exponential function? Find $$\lim_{n\to\infty} \left(1+\frac{x^2}{n^2}\right)^n$$   I particular, I am hoping to find the above to be $1+x^kg(x/n)$ where $g(\cdot)$ is a function with uniformly bounded derivatives.  Edit: I'm trying to prove a result that would be true if  $(1+x^2/n^2)^n -1 = x^kO(x/n).$ Do Arcane Ward's starting hit points include the INT modifier once or twice? An abjuration wizard's Arcane Ward states:     [...] The ward has hit points equal to twice your wizard level + your Intelligence modifier.   So how many hit points is this supposed to be?  \$ (2 \times WizardLevel) + INT_{mod}\$  or  \$2 \times (WizardLevel + INT_{mod})\$ ?  I feel like the phrasing hints toward the first calculation, but it's still somewhat ambiguous.