Just looking at the beam energy and peak power for the , 360&nbsp;MJ and petawatts, respectively, dumped in about 100&nbsp;µs, would this be sufficient to do useful fusion experiments?
So I know the basic gist is that fusion power's main issue is sustaining the fusion. I also know that there are two methods. The Torus method and the laser method. The torus magnetically contains plasma and heats it with radiation and accelerates the plasma around to make strong enough collisions that protons fuse. The laser method uses 192 lasers and focuses it on tiny frozen hydrogen pellets and aims to initiate fusion each time pellets are dropped.  The though struck me when we could sorta combine the two designs together. The torus doesn't have to worry about making fusion happen at a specific location but it has issues in that the plasma is unevenly heated and leaks. On the other hand, the laser design is extremely complicated in the level of precision needed and would have to repeat this for every pellet. This lead me to think to make something precise and contained at the same time.  I see that particle colliders are able to direct two beams of protons and have them collide at a specific spot with a very precise energy. Couldn't we tune the energy of the two beams of protons to the energy required for them to fuse? We have the ability to smash them into bits, surely we have the ability to have them fuse. (I'm thinking about the type of collider that circles two beams in opposite directions)  It would be at much lower energies than normal colliders and would be very precise and it would be possible to fuse at a specific location that has greater leeway because for protons that missed collision, they'd just circle around again! Thus protons would efficiently be used and very little would be wasted. There wouldn't be problems of plasma leakage because we are focusing them in a thin tight beam.   It seems that this idea has girth, or I feel this way at least, can someone back me up by offering some calculations on how to calculate the efficiency? How would I go about calculating the two circling beams of protons and at what specific velocity would be needed? etc.
With a Canon 550D camera and a Tamron 18-270 mm zoom lens, I tried to fix shutter time, aperture (f/8.0 to cover all zoom range), and ISO, so the exposure meter read 0.0 with 18 mm focal length and while focusing on a uniform white wall.  Then I changed to 270 mm focal length, but the exposure reading did not change significantly (only to -0.7).  However, I had expected exposure to change, since only (18 mm / 270 mm) ** 2 = 1/225 of the wall is now covered in compare the coverage when focal length is 18 mm, thus only 1/225 of the light gets to the sensor after the change of focal length.  Why does exposure not change when narrowing the field of view with change of focal length? Using more than one set of Locators in a Manipulate to set start Thunderbird in minimized mode at startup, but it wasn't helpful.   After following the instructions, I could not even start Thunderbird. So I was forced to start TB in safe mode to delete the "FireTray Plugin" and fix this issue. After that it started to work but it deleted all my email accounts and I had to do that chore all over again .  So is there any working way to start Thunderbird minimized on start-up? I have always heard that it's a bad idea to install lots of software on a Windows machine, and new software should always be tested in a virtual machine so as to not permanently affect the operating system. But does the actual act of installing a piece of software really slow down the Windows OS? Or is it more due to the programs themselves running a bunch of background services?  To rephrase my question, if I were to continuously install software but then remove it later, would Windows still slow down? How to use proxy for Transmission? How do I determine whether a drive is an HDD or SSD in Windows 8? I've recently received an assembled PC. I don't know if the disk is an SSD or old HDD (whether SATA or other technologies).  I can't find a way to tell if the disk is SSD or not, apart from the size of the disk. However, now that the sizes of SSDs are getting close to that of HDDs, checking the size is not a good and robust way to distinguish drive type. Is there some other way to determine if the disk is an SSD? I'm looking to implement a phase lock in an FPGA without using any external components (other than the ADC). For simplicity locking to a simple binary pulse is adequate. The frequency of the signals is ~0.1-1% of the clock. I can't use the onboard clock PLL's because they are typically:   Not configurable (set during synthesis). Jittery. Don't support the frequency I need.   I've been sorting through the literature and found a few binary phase locked loops. Most notable a "pulse steal" design that I can post a link to if desired. I have implemented and synthesized with some success, but its jitter and lock range was not as good as advertised. I've also had success using a external DVCO, but I would prefer if I can implement everything on chip.  A digital circuit design or even a hint in the right direction would be helpful (I've been banging my head against this for a while), a proven FPGA implementation would be wonderful but not expected.   ADDED 10-27-2010   The actual DPLL design that I used has a "Random Walk Filter" as the loop filter (not the "pulse steal" described earlier, going through my notes that didn't work to well), which then drives the clock pulses to the DCO. The lock-in range is set via divider in the DCO. The sensitivity of the loop is established by varying the length of the random walk.   The paper in which this is found is cited at the end of this post. After implementing parts of it myself, I found that it was actually already implemented on OpenCores, however it turns out that in the last few months the project was deleted but I have the Verilog files saved if anyone wants them.  Yamamoto, H.; Mori, S.; , "Performance of Binary Quantized All Digital Phase-Locked Loop with a New Class of Sequential Filter," Communications, IEEE Transactions on , vol.26, no.1, pp. 35- 45, Jan 1978  doi: 10.1109/TCOM.1978.1093972  URL: I'd like to get a notification when a question that I've voted to close (but isn't closed yet) is edited Does the faction of your armor/clothes affect character interactions in Skryim? Where should I start learning? There are various topics to learn like Objects, Classes, Apex, Visualforce, SOSL, SOQL, Triggers, etc. There are so many options out there to start learning. I couldn't decide what topic to learn first, and then step by step get proficiency in all aspects of Saleforce. How can you smooth the edge between two materials? I have created this with cycles:  But the edge between the glowing and non glowing materials is very sharp. The material was manually applied to faces in edit mode. Is there any way I can smooth the edge between them in cycles? Error with square bracket in table What is the best way to execute a script when entering into a directory? When I move into a new directory I would like bash to execute the projectSettings.bash script much like RVM does. Chi-squared test when two vectors have different lengths I want to compare two groups (vectors) having different lengths to see if their distributions differ considerably. However, when I use chisq.test, I get an error due to inequalities of lengths:  &gt; chisq.test(factor(Group1), factor(Group2))   results in:  Error in chisq.test(factor(Group1[, col]), factor(Group2[, col])) :  'x' and 'y' must have the same length   Could someone help me with this? Thanks. Why when importing an obj file nothing appears even when zooming? I have opened a new blender file and deleted the default cube, then imported an obj file . I did not see any thing so i selected it and i zoomed ,nothing appears.In the outliner i saw the object name ,But in the info panel i see that there isn't any verts/faces/edges.  When i opened the obj file in a text editor i found Mesh data in it. I tired this in all blender versions (2.78c/2.78.5/7.9). Can any one help how to view the mesh? In my recent study of Artinian modules I have been looking at Prüfer $p$-groups (which I will denote by $\mathbb Z_{p^\infty}$ from now on).   I am attempting to prove that $\mathbb Z_{p^\infty}$ is an Artinian $\mathbb{Z}$-module which is not finitely generated.      To do this I am trying to show that every proper non-trivial submodule of $\mathbb Z_{p^\infty}$ is equal to $\left(\frac{1}{p^n}\mathbb{Z_{}}\right)/\mathbb{Z}$ for some $n$.   I am using the following definition of $\mathbb Z_{p^\infty}$: $$\mathbb Z_{p^\infty}=\left\{x\in \mathbb{Q}/\mathbb{Z}\mid \exists n:p^nx=0 \right\}$$ I have read in several places, Atiyah &amp; MacDonald Example 6.3 and Wikipedia to name a few, that the subgroups of $\mathbb Z_{p^\infty}$ are of this form. This would demonstrate that $\mathbb Z_{p^\infty}$ is Artinian. However, I can't seem to find anywhere a proof or example showing why all the subgroups are of this form. I would like to understand this further, as it is not immediate to me that this would be the case, but my attempts to figure out why have so far been futile. I may be thinking too much and missing a simple explanation. I have looked at starting with an arbitrary subgroup $H$ such that $H\neq 0$ and $H\neq\mathbb Z_{p^\infty}$ and seeing if I can deduce anything from that. I got this far, but it doesn't seem to be going anywhere. I have also looked at Sylow's theorems, but I'm not sure if they will be any use to me as $|\mathbb Z_{p^\infty}|=\infty$ (unless I'm wrong about this!).  I would be extremely grateful if anybody could offer a few hints here as I am slowly losing my sanity trying to figure it out!  Thanks,  Andy. Difference between "while" and "whilst" Possible Duplicate:          In terms of construction of sentences, can the two words while and whilst be used interchangeably? Lighter nuclei liberate energy when undergoing fusion, heavier nuclei when undergoing fission.  What is it about the nucleus of an Iron atom that makes it so stable?  Alternatively: Iron has the greatest nuclear binding energy - but why? What event log should I check for Hardware Changes Recover data from SD card