What does this loss function mean? I had a interview on deep learning internship job yesterday, and the interviewer showed a loss function formula(below) and asked me 2 questions:  \begin{equation} J(\theta)=-\mathbb{E}_{x,y\sim\hat{p}_{data}}\log{p_{model}(y|x)} \end{equation}   How to understand $p(y|x)$ in the formula above? On what task does this loss function used for?   Since I have no idea on this loss function, how to answer these 2 questions?
What do the subscripts in expectations mean in loss function Can someone explain me what this equation means? I read it from page 152 on .
Why didn't the mirror universe's tech progress past the main timeline's? In Star Trek TOS, we see the Defiant disappear to unknown parts  ('The Tholian Web'), and Star Trek: Enterprise revealed that the Defiant went back in time to the mirror universe ('In a Mirror Darkly', parts 1 &amp; 2).   Because of this, one might wonder why (in-universe) the mirror universe didn't obtain (and maintain) technological superiority over the main timeline. (Granted, the out of universe answer is that TOS depicted the two universes as having essentially the same level of tech)  So does any work (whether STO, or a pocket books work) address why the mirror universe didn't simply leap frog the main universe's technology?   (Or to put it another way, why did the mirror universe's technology appear to stagnate for a century after obtaining access to the Defiant's advanced technology?) From the man page on git-merge, there are a number of merge strategies you can use.     resolve -  This can only resolve two heads (i.e. the current branch and another branch you pulled from) using 3-way merge algorithm. It tries to carefully detect criss-cross merge ambiguities and is considered generally safe and fast. recursive -  This can only resolve two heads using 3-way merge algorithm. When there are more than one common ancestors that can be used for 3-way merge, it creates a merged tree of the common ancestors and uses that as the reference tree for the 3-way merge. This has been reported to result in fewer merge conflicts without causing mis-merges by tests done on actual merge commits taken from Linux 2.6 kernel development history. Additionally this can detect and handle merges involving renames. This is the default merge strategy when pulling or merging one branch. octopus -  This resolves more than two-head case, but refuses to do complex merge that needs manual resolution. It is primarily meant to be used for bundling topic branch heads together. This is the default merge strategy when pulling or merging more than one branches. ours -  This resolves any number of heads, but the result of the merge is always the current branch head. It is meant to be used to supersede old development history of side branches. subtree -  This is a modified recursive strategy. When merging trees A and B, if B corresponds to a subtree of A, B is first adjusted to match the tree structure of A, instead of reading the trees at the same level. This adjustment is also done to the common ancestor tree.   When should I specify something different than the default?  What scenarios are each best for? What is the full "for" loop syntax in C? Can you give us some way to access pending Reviews for a post from the post itself?  I think this would also help improve the accuracy and quality of reviews done, as users that come across the post naturally are more likely to be better qualified to evaluate the post, and are already taking the time to understand the post's content anyways.  In most cases, these users will be able to provide better reviews than those who are  [often quickly] going through the Review Queues.  In addition, I think it would help get more reviews done, as someone viewing a post through normal site usage would be more likely to take an interest in helping maintain that post. I know I definitely would be more active with this instead of having to go through the massive Review Queue. The task of helping fix one question that I am currently reading is far more do-able than cleaning up a large queue of questions that is largely full of content I don't care about.  I'm thinking of something like a reviews(1) link that is accessible from the post itself that appears based on your rep, or perhaps even on your rep within the post's tags. Inno Setup: How to manipulate progress bar on Run section? What's wrong with this digital signature scheme? With regards to user authentication...   The server sends Alice a randomly chosen number. Alice signs the number and sends the signature back to the server. The server checks the signature using Alice's public key. If it's valid, the server accepts her connection request.   Suppose that Alice uses the same private key to log in to the server and sign her emails. The authentication mechanism signs the bare challenge without hashing, while Alice signs the hash of the email message.   Apparently, the server can forge emails from Alice under this scheme? If so, how could this be prevented? ArcGIS Serious Application Error I'm a complete novice to GIS and just began an Introductory course. I am having an issue when I try to access the Symbology tab on a layer. Specifically, when I click on the 'Categories' field and 'Unique Values' subfield, ArcMap crashes and comes up with a report window to send to ESRI. The message is      ArcGIS for Desktop has encountered a serious application error and is   unable to continue.   What could be the problem? Per the title, does $\displaystyle\sum_{n=1}^{\infty} \sin(\pi(2+\sqrt{3})^n)$ converge? Converge absolutely?   I'm stuck on this question, not sure how to approach it.  Thank you! Immigration officer placed a standard Leave to Enter stamp when I have Indefinite Leave to Remain. What do I do? I travel on a NZ passport and have lived in the UK since 2006. I travelled to Canada in June 2016 to begin a 2 year Canadian working visa but on a trip back to the UK in July I received a 6 month visa stamp in my passport despite having an Indefinite Leave To Remain Visa in my old passport (I haven't got a biometric card yet but plan to apply for one before I return to the UK to live. What should I do about this? If your application requires a database and it comes with built in data, what is the best way to ship that application? Should I:   Precreate the SQLite database and include it in the .apk? Include the SQL commands with the application and have it create the database and insert the data on first use?   The drawbacks I see are:   Possible SQLite version mismatches might cause problems and I currently don't know where the database should go and how to access it. It may take a really long time to create and populate the database on the device.   Any suggestions? Pointers to the documentation regarding any issues would be greatly appreciated. Deferring updates in Windows 10 In Windows 10 version 1607, it was still possible to defer updates by a few months via the Local Group Policy Editor, but now there's a subfolder containing two entries where it's only possible to defer them by 30-60 days with a maximum of 365 days (timer has to be set anew every time).  Am I seeing this correct or am I missing something?  And what's the difference between feature and quality updates? Logarithm as limit lists this as a limit representation of the natural log:  $$\ln{z} = \lim_{\omega \to \infty} \omega(z^{1/\omega} - 1)$$  Is there a quick proof of this? Thanks it has the guide for 12.10 but not newer ones plz someone help When I used listings package to import C# code snippet from within my LaTeX file, I got an output as follows.    At the first line, there is an unnecessary white space because of the BOM (Byte Order Mark) that is intentionally added by Microsoft (R) Visual Studio.  I really want to remove it from the output rather than from the C# file, how to do that?   Here is my LaTeX code:  \documentclass{article} \usepackage{listings,xcolor} \lstset{% language={[Sharp]C}, backgroundcolor=\color{yellow!20}, basicstyle=\tiny, keywordstyle=\color{blue}, identifierstyle=\color{magenta}, breaklines=true}   \begin{document} \lstinputlisting{Program.cs} \end{document} Real Analysis Riemann Integration - Strict Monotonicity for Integrals If $f,g$ are Riemann integrable on $[a,b]$, and $f(x) &lt; g(x)$ for all $x \in [a,b]$, prove that $$ \int_a^b f(x) \,dx &lt; \int_a^b g(x) \,dx$$  This is a strict inequality. I know how to prove the monotonicity of integrals with the non strict inequality, but I am not sure how to do this. Is GNOME Terminal a type of non-login shell? Calculate distance between 2 GPS coordinates How do I calculate distance between two GPS coordinates (using latitude and longitude)? This is a  about using cron &amp; crontab.   You have been directed here because the community is fairly sure that the answer to your question can be found below. If your question is not answered below then the answers will help you gather information that will help the community help you. This information should be edited into your original question.  The answer for 'Why is my crontab not working, and how can I troubleshoot it?' can be seen below.  This addresses the cron system with the crontab highlighted. SQL group by day, show orders for each day I have an SQL 2005 table, let's call it Orders, in the format:  OrderID, OrderDate,  OrderAmount 1,       25/11/2008, 10 2,       25/11/2008, 2 3,       30/1002008, 5   Then I need to produce a report table showing the ordered amount on each day in the last 7 days:  Day,        OrderCount, OrderAmount 25/11/2008, 2,          12 26/11/2008, 0,          0  27/11/2008, 0,          0  28/11/2008, 0,          0 29/11/2008, 0,          0 30/11/2008, 1,          5   The SQL query that would normally produce this:  select count(*), sum(OrderAmount)     from Orders     where OrderDate&gt;getdate()-7     group by datepart(day,OrderDate)   Has a problem in that it will skip the days where there are no orders:  Day,        OrderCount, OrderAmount 25/11/2008, 2,          12 30/11/2008, 1,          5   Normally I would fix this using a tally table and outer join against rows there, but I'm really looking for a simpler or more efficient solution for this. It seems like such a common requirement for a report query that some elegant solution should be available for this already.   So: 1. Can this result be obtain from a simple query without using tally tables?  and 2. If no, can we create this tally table (reliably) on the fly (I can create a tally table using CTE but recursion stack limits me to 100 rows)? I'm looking for the title of a short story by Ursula Le Guin about a scientist (?) who is given a drug that slows the timescale of his perception enormously, so that he can perceive that an alien (?) forest is actually behaving as a sentient being, reacting to current events, but at an enormously slow (from a normal human point of view) timescale. It might be in , but I don't remember the title (and it doesn't jump out at me from the list of titles) and don't have access to that collection right now. It is not &quot;The Word for World is Forest&quot;, nor &quot;Direction of the Road&quot; (from ), nor &quot;Vaster than Empires and More Slow&quot;, the latter two of which look at similar plant perception/time-scale issues. Update: it turns out that the description was right, but I had most of the details wrong: not Le Guin, not alien, not a scientist ...