Recently an udev rules was not executed. After some investigations, it was a symlink to a user file with these permissions :  -rw-r--r-- 1 user user  changing ownership to -rw-r--r-- 1 root root and reloading indev rules with udevadm control --reload solved the problem.  I understand that for security reasons it is better to have system files owned by root. Does that mean udev checks rules owners and rejects non-root rules? Is there another explanation?
What permissions should a udev rule have for a USB device? 644? 755?  For example on Ubuntu I'm looking at this file: /etc/udev/rules.d/99-lpcscrypt.rules
What is the difference between the dashed and solid attack bars? I was flipping through my Pokemon list to see which kind of attacks they had, and I notice there was a small different between the attacks. Some attacks contained a dashed blue bar where as others contained a solid blue bar.   What is the difference and significance between the two? How can I restrict various roles with limit in creating nodes of a particular content type How are Stack Exchange sites officially branded? How are sites in the Stack Exchange network, including Stack Overflow, officially branded? How are their names abbreviated? What conventions should be used in the FAQ? Convergence of $\int\limits_1^{\infty}x^\alpha\sin(x^\beta)dx$ I created a bunch of filters in Gmail for a "master account" that receives forwarded mail from all of my accounts.  The filter list and web of labels/folders has grown to be rather long, and therefore a bit burdensome to manage. I would like to edit / delete / consolidate a lot of these filter rules (and folders) but it seems the only way I can interface with them is through the laundry list at Setting/Filters. It'd be cool there was an option to "View/Edit Filter" on an individual email's page, but I'm not sure if something like that currently exists.  What's the best way to view a filter rule currently being applied to an email (in Gmail)? Where does TREE(n) sit on the Fast Growing Hierarchy? $a_{n+1}=\log(1+a_n),~a_1>0$. Then find $\lim_{n \rightarrow \infty} n \cdot a_n$ PreparedStatement IN clause alternatives? What are the best workarounds for using a SQL IN clause with instances of java.sql.PreparedStatement, which is not supported for multiple values due to SQL injection attack security issues: One ? placeholder represents one value, rather than a list of values.  Consider the following SQL statement:  SELECT my_column FROM my_table where search_column IN (?)   Using preparedStatement.setString( 1, "'A', 'B', 'C'" ); is essentially a non-working attempt at a workaround of the reasons for using ? in the first place.    What workarounds are available? how to read xml file from url using php ASCII to Binary and Binary to ASCII conversion tools? Which is a good tool to convert ASCII to binary, and binary to ASCII?  I was hoping for something like:  $ echo --binary "This is a binary message" 01010100 01101000 01101001 01110011 00100000 01101001 01110011 00100000 01100001 00100000 01100010 01101001 01101110 01100001 01110010 01111001 00100000 01101101 01100101 01110011 01110011 01100001 01100111 01100101   Or, more realistic:  $ echo "This is a binary message" | ascii2bin 01010100 01101000 01101001 01110011 00100000 01101001 01110011 00100000 01100001 00100000 01100010 01101001 01101110 01100001 01110010 01111001 00100000 01101101 01100101 01110011 01110011 01100001 01100111 01100101   And also the reverse:  $ echo "01010100 01101000 01101001 01110011 00100000 01101001 01110011 00100000 01100001 00100000 01100010 01101001 01101110 01100001 01110010 01111001 00100000 01101101 01100101 01110011 01110011 01100001 01100111 01100101" | bin2ascii This is a binary message   PS: I'm using bash  PS2: I hope I didn't get the wrong binary How can I get my external IP address in a shell script? I need to find my external IP address from a shell script. At the moment I use this function:   myip () {      lwp-request -o text checkip.dyndns.org | awk '{ print $NF }' }   But it depends on perl-libwww, perl-html-format, perl-html-tree installed. What other ways can I get my external IP? I've got a project where I'm looking to tweak the standard lead conversion process.   Triggers and lead conversion has always been funky in past projects so I was hoping to start the design off by reviewing the order of execution, but after a long google search I'm coming up empty handed.   Anyone out there know the specific trigger order for lead conversion?    Edit: I'm not asking about trigger execution order for any object, but all the objects created in the lead conversion process.  I'd think it would be something like this:        Lead Before Update Triggers (isConverted = false, convertedAccountId = null, convertContactId = null, convertedOpportunityId = null)         Account Before Insert Triggers (not fired if merged with existing account)   Account After Insert Triggers (not fired if merged with existing account)   Contact Before Insert Triggers (not fired if merged with existing contact)   Contact After Insert Triggers (not fired if merged with existing contact)   Opportunity Before Insert Triggers (not fired if no opportunity) (OpportunityContactRoles null)   Opportunity After Insert Triggers (not fired if no opportunity) (OpportunityContactRoles = convertedContactId)   Lead After Update Triggers (isConverted = true, convertedAccountId = XXX, convertedContactId = XXX, convertedOpportunityId = XXX) Creating polyline-based "heatmap" from GPS tracks? This winter I am planning to track my downhill skiing/snowboarding using a GPS.  Most of my riding will occur at the same resort.  I would like to be able to create a sort of "heatmap" that shows the amount of runs that I have made in a given area.  As I add more and more GPS traces to my database, my goal would be to see a sort of linear heatmap of the most traveled areas.  Given the nature of downhill skiing, you would expect the uphill chairlift lines will be the "hottest" because it will be the only places visited over-and-over again.  Given that 1) my track will not be the same every time and 2) the area covered by following one "run" may be a few hundred feet wide, what might be the best way to analyze this "linear" data to create a sort of heatmap?  My thoughts were to buffer the lines, then intersect the polys to get a sort of Venn Diagram thing going.  My preference is to use open-source technologies.  I've got QGIS and PostGIS loaded and available.  UPDATE: In regards to @blah238's response, I was thinking of something that might be able to "collect" the number of passes ("runs") through an area, and then symbolize by the count.  Conceptually, this would be similar to ArcGIS "" (but for lines, not points) or  (but for multiple line in roughly the same area).  A more visual example of a similar concept might be a traffic-flow map, where highly-congested areas would equate to "highly-traveled" ski runs/areas:    I've read the following questions that may give some ideas, but they don't really address what I am trying to accomplish: $X^n-Y^m$ is irreducible in $\Bbb{C}[X,Y]$ iff $\gcd(n,m)=1$ I am trying to show that $X^n-Y^m$ is irreducible in $\Bbb{C}[X,Y]$ iff $\gcd(n,m)=1$ where $n,m$ are positive integers.    I showed that if $\gcd(n,m)$ is not $1$, then $X^n-Y^m$ is reducible. How to show the other direction. Please help. How do I compile a C# script at runtime and attach it as a component to a game object The idea here is to let users program the behaviour of an agent in a way that reminds of the "Screeps" game, where you get to develop code which later runs and dictates the behaviour of your units.  My idea is to let users develop the behaviour or their units with C# code, compile that code at runtime and attach it as a MonoBehavior to an existing game object.  How can I achieve this? How to use XMLHttpRequest to download an HTML page in the background and extract a text element from it? Unexpected output of xargs Can I connect to a specific access point by BSSID? Is there any way to get Mac OS X to connect to a specific access point by BSSID? I have a network with the same SSID for multiple access points, and I would sometimes like to specify which specific access point to connect to. Is this something Mac OS X can do natively, or is there a third party tool that can do this? My foreign school book is not clearest at this point, what is really needed with this? What does it mean that "assign definite integral for $\lim_{n\rightarrow \infty}\sum_{k=1}^{n} \frac{1}{n+k}$"? I am not sure, whether I should assign it like this $\lim_{n\rightarrow \infty} \int_{1}^{n} \frac{1}{n+x} dx$ and noticing that it is continuous then trying to find borders so that $F(a) - F(b)$?  (the book messes up all kind of Leibniz stuff at this point, a bit messy -- and just stating $\int f(x)\,dx= F(a)-F(b)$, but not even paying attention to different borders. As far as I know, it is important to specify whether borders depend on the integration factor) GRUB Help and Reinstalling Ubuntu Recently, I installed Ubuntu 10 Netbook edition (on my netbook, yes, obvious). My battery died literally, while I was using Ubuntu.   Now, when I restart the computer, it seems that GRUB has duplicated all of the entries in the MBR that pertain to the partition that houses my Ubuntu install. For example:  Ubuntu ... Ubuntu ... (Recovery Mode) Ubuntu ... Ubuntu ... (Recovery Mode) Memtest ... Memtest ... Windows (Vista loader) Windows (Windows 7 starter loader)    When I try to access either of the two Ubuntu instances in the boot loader it presents me with an error akin to this:   ...numbers... Kernel panic ... VFS unable to mount...   What I would like to do is:  Wipe out grub, and Ubuntu, and then reinstall Ubuntu (I really only use it for emacs and ess for R so there's nothing in the home directory that I need to backup)  How would I go about "resetting" my system? Or fixing the issue that I have.   Thanks in advance!   BEB