Difference between 'would have been' and 'was' Is the usage of 'would have been' correct in this sentence below?     The only time I believe we exchanged physical pleasantries would have been at the 70th birthday dinner hosted in honour of your mother-in-law, Erelu Ojuolape Ojora at The Eko Hotel and Suites in Lagos some years back.   Read more at:
What is the meaning of "would", and how to use it? What is the meaning of would, and which tense is it used in the following sentences?  For example,   That would be Ram calling. I'll answer it. (the meaning of would and which tense is used) The guy on the phone had southern accent. That would be Tom. (the meaning of would and which tense is used) “We saw a police helicopter overhead yesterday morning.” “Really? They would have been looking for those bank robbers.” (the meaning of would and which tense is used) You would have to say/do that. (Why is would used here? What happens to the meaning if would is removed?) John said he didn't steal any money. Well, he would, wouldn't he ? (Why is would used here?)   Why is would used in sentences 1, 2, and 3 to mean "presumption" instead of using other modals, such as: must and should? Does the meaning change if used others?   Can we use will, must, should and could in the place of would, without changing the meaning of sentences?   What kind of meanings would it make if they (will, must, should, and could) are used in the place of would?     I'd be grateful if you could answer me.
How to loop over the lines of a file? Say I have this file:  hello world hello world   This program  #!/bin/bash  for i in $(cat $1); do     echo "tester: $i" done   outputs  tester: hello tester: world tester: hello tester: world   I'd like to have the for iterate over each line individually ignoring whitespaces though, i.e. the last two lines should be replaced by  tester: hello world   Using quotes for i in "$(cat $1)"; results in i being assigned the whole file at once. What should I change? In Finder when I type something in the textbox the default is to search the whole mac in the contents of the files. I was able to change the default to search the current directory, but didn't see an option to change search for contents to search for file name. How can that be changed? Show Log of the Sql statements that QGIS generates to retrieve Data from Postgis Is there a ways to  - make QGis log its generated SQL Statement or to - force POSTGIS to log all interaction with QGIS?  There is something strange happening to the WFS layer I retrieve in QGIS, since it does  not select all data available in the respective database table. I need to find out, what criteria QGIS chooses in order to narrow down the select set. Chrome: Site has updated in the background I keep getting these notifications despite not having an RT tab open. What gives? Where should I start learning? There are various topics to learn like Objects, Classes, Apex, Visualforce, SOSL, SOQL, Triggers, etc. There are so many options out there to start learning. I couldn't decide what topic to learn first, and then step by step get proficiency in all aspects of Saleforce. Can't find wifi drivers for 0bda:f179 Realtek Semiconductor Corp I'm trying to install wifi drivers for a particular mini wifi card i bought. The output of lsusb is:  0bda:f179 Realtek Semiconductor Corp   I've searched everywhere for drivers, but could not find anything. Any help?  Thanks There does not exist an entire function which satisfies $f({1\over n})={1\over 2^n}$? There does not exist an entire function which satisfies $f({1\over n})={1\over 2^n}$, what I tried is if possible then define $g(z)=f(z)-{1\over 2^{1\over z}}$ Then $g({1\over n})=0$ and so $g(z)$ is entire and its $0$ set has limit point in it and so $f(z)={1\over 2^{1\over z}}$ which is not analytic at $0$? Please help!  Edit: OOps! the way I defined $g(z)$ that is not entire! could any one give me hint? How to handle a lost KeyStore password in Android? I'm on a Toshiba Satellite C660_EL trying to install .   lspci -v Network controller: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8188CE 802.11b/g/n WiFi Adapter (rev 01)   However, I can't get the driver from there to compile (I've installed build-essentials already). Running make (with or without sudo makes no difference) I get  make -C /lib/modules/3.8.0-19-generic/build M=/root/rtl_driver modules make[1]: Entering directory `/usr/src/linux-headers-3.8.0-19-generic'   CC [M]  /root/rtl_driver/base.o In file included from /root/rtl_driver/base.c:39:0: /root/rtl_driver/pci.h:247:15: error: expected ‘=’, ‘,’, ‘;’, ‘asm’ or ‘__attribute__’ before ‘rtl_pci_probe’ make[2]: *** [/root/rtl_driver/base.o] Error 1 make[1]: *** [_module_/root/rtl_driver] Error 2 make[1]: Leaving directory `/usr/src/linux-headers-3.8.0-19-generic' make: *** [all] Error 2   There is a relevant PPA here:  but there's no 13.04 build.   Thanks in advance for any help! No icons for automounted volumes on GNOME / Nautilius desktop on Ubuntu 19.04 Up to Ubuntu 18.04, using default GNOME/Nautilius desktop, when I inserted a (data file) USB stick it would automount and put a USB icon onto the desktop.  I find this very useful, especially for quick eject via context menu.  Now at 19.04, on USB insertion I do see a "banner" appear for a few seconds, but I no longer get any desktop icon .  I run under VirtualBox on Windows, but that has not changed and I do not think is at issue.  Ubuntu does still automount the stick at /media/&lt;username&gt;.  I found .  I checked in dconf-editor and both keys, including org.gnome.desktop.media-handling.automount-open, are set. How to efficiently count the number of keys/properties of an object in JavaScript? I've had at least one question featured as a "hot network question" and during that time it got thousands of views in the course of a few days. But if you look at that question now you won't have any way of knowing that that's where the bulk of its view count came from.  Is there a way to find out if an arbitrary question has been a "hot network question" or not? Lemma vs. Theorem I've been using Spivak's book for a while now and I'd like to know what is the formal difference between a Theorem and a Lemma in mathematics, since he uses the names in his book. I'd like to know a little about the ethymology but mainly about why we choose Lemma for some findings, and Theorem for others (not personally, but mathematically, i.e. why should one classify a finding as lemma and not as theorem). It seems that Lemmas are rather minor findings that serve as a keystone to proving a Theorem, by that is as far as I can go.  NOTE: This  doesn't address my concern, so please avoid citing it as a duplicate. I have recently created a logo. I have seen an online trend of showing off a logo in a realistic environment, illustrating possible use cases of the logo.  An example of this can be seen here, with the original logo at the bottom and a 3D mockup at the top:    How can I create such a mockup? MicroSD card is set to Read-only state. How can I write data on it? I have a MicroSD card reader in my notebook. When I insert a MicroSD memory card into it, I can't write any data on it - it's read-only. The same thing happens when I try to do it under root. And I can't change the permission policy for it. This problem happens for all microSD cards (I've tested 2 cards). I've encountered it on Ubuntu 12.04 LTS, now I'm on Ubuntu 12.10, the problem is still on it's place. When I try to insert such a "read-only" card in my mobile phone, everything's OK and I can write data on it. So, can anybody tell me, how can I write a data onto the card?  UPD: here's fdisk -l output:  Disk /dev/sdc1: 2013 MB, 2013135360 bytes 62 heads, 62 sectors/track, 1022 cylinders, total 3931905 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System   The file system of the card is msdos. As to me it's weird.   UPD2: I've found a small "lock" switch on my card adapter, and it turns out, that when I insert it in my notebook, it switches on. Perhaps, I have to find some glue or something to get that switch stuck...  UPD3: There was no glue near me, so I've decided to buy another card-reader. $\bigodot=?$ for $(\sqrt 2) ^ \sqrt 3 \bigodot (\sqrt 3) ^ \sqrt 2$ where $\bigodot is \lt or \gt$ $\bigodot=?$ $(\sqrt 2) ^ \sqrt 3 \bigodot  (\sqrt 3) ^ \sqrt 2$  where $\bigodot is either \lt or \gt$   In other words, which one is larger $(\sqrt 2) ^ \sqrt 3$ or $(\sqrt 3) ^ \sqrt 2$? The best I could do was ending up with $\sqrt \frac {3}{ 2} = \frac {\ln 3}{\ln 2}$  side question : is there a symbol like encircled $?$ for when what we are trying to find is the correct order symbol like one of $\lt,\leq,=,\geq , \gt $ ?  Hopefully using just juxtopisition of symbols without resorting to real analysis. is it possible to do with precalculs algebra? $$\lim _{x \rightarrow 0} \left(\frac{ \sin x}{x}\right)^{1/x}$$  I have spent an hour on the above limit and have no work to show. I tried using L'Hopital's Rule, but just kept going around in circles. Any help would be appreciated. Thank you. Prove the inequality and limitation Suppose $\{a_k\}$ ,$\{b_k\}$ and $\{\xi_k\}$ are non negative, and for all $k\ge 0$ , we have $$a_{k+1}^2\le(a_k+b_k)^2-\xi_k^2$$   Prove   1.$$\sum_{i=1}^{k}\xi_i^2\le(a_1+\sum_{i=0}^kb_i)^2$$   2. If $\{b_k\}$ also satisfy $\sum_{k=0}^{\infty}b_k^2\lt+\infty $, then $$\lim_{k\to\infty}\frac{1}{k}\sum_{i=1}^k\xi_i^2=0$$   After doing this transformation:$$\xi_k^2\le(a_k+b_k)^2-a_{k+1}^2$$ $\Rightarrow$ $$\sum_{i=1}^{k}\xi_k^2\le(a_1+b_1-a_2)(a_1+b_1+a_2)+(a_2+b_2-a_3)(a_2+b_2+a_3)+\cdots(a_k+b_k-a_{k+1})(a_k+b_k+a_{k+1})$$ then I can't move forward any more. I know that packages installed with apt-get are stored in /var/cache/apt/archives.  I just installed mariadb server in Ubuntu 16.04 with following command:  sudo apt install mariadb-server   When I tried to find packages in /var/cache/apt/archives, there are no packages. Where are they stored if it's not in this directory? Can we have a list of all the Stack Exchange domains somewhere, for firewall purposes?