Why are newly-created files under /root not executable even though /root is and umask is 022? Is this the default on CentOS? I am building a small set of utility bash functions and aliases that will live on a special /root partition. I've noticed that whenever I touch aFile or vim aFile, the result is aFile with the permissions -rw-r--r--.  This is highly undesirable if your goal is to run some shell scripts, and that's kind of what I thought the whole point of /root was.  My /root directory permissions are dr-xr-x--- and my umask is 0022. As I understand, I should expect new files to be 0755... but they aren't.   Why? Is this the default? How can I make new files executable?
umask in RHEL 6 How can one set the executable bit on files using umask? According to documentation, a umask of 000 should work, but in practice this only works on directories.  Also open to other methods of automatically setting +rwx on a particular user's created files if you have any.
How do I tell a script to wait for a process to start accepting requests on a port? I need a command that will wait for a process to start accepting requests on a specific port.    Is there something in linux that does that?  while (checkAlive -host localhost -port 13000 == false)   do some waiting  ... Stack Overflow duplicated layer bug How to replace a string on the 5th line of multiple text files? I want to replace the 5th line of multiple text files (file1.txt,file2.txt,file3.txt,file4.txt) with the string " Good Morning " using a single terminal command.  All the text files are located on my ~/Desktop.  Note: My desktop consists of 6 .txt files.I want to apply the change to above mentioned 4 text files only. I told my follower (Serana) to wait. But this is different. I told her to go somewhere and wait so it will activate the enemies. Well it did and I killed them. But Serana seems to be not following me anymore. I can't tell her to follow me. And she is constantly in a squatting position. The only thing I can do is tell her to wait somewhere else to move her. And I can't part ways because I'm doing a main quest and she has to be there. Can anybody give me a tip on what to do? How to put a full-width table at the top or bottom of the same two-column page as the reference text? I'm posting today because I would like to reduce white space in a document I'm writing. The content is two-columns but I have floating tables that span across both columns (table*).   At some point, the text ends in the beginning of the first column of a new page. I would like to include my table on this page since it has a lot of free space below the text, but when I insert the table* right after the text, it goes to the top of the next page instead:    Do you know a way of obtaining the desired behavior?  Minimal working example :  \documentclass{article} \usepackage{lipsum}  \begin{document} \twocolumn  \paragraph{} \lipsum[1]  \begin{table*} \centering \begin{tabular}{|c|c|c|c|} \hline Column 1 &amp; Column 2 &amp; Column 3 &amp; Column 4 \\ \hline Column 1 &amp; Column 2 &amp; Column 3 &amp; Column 4 \\ \hline \end{tabular} \end{table*}%   \end{document} Biometric information for a UK visitor visa for the second time I submitted my biometric information when I applied for (and successfully received) the UK visitor visa.  Now, the visa has expired and I would like to apply for it again.   Do I need to submit my biometric information again?  Will the process be the exact same as before? I want to ask how to get id of element which was clicked by right clicking in open menu. I must know ID of this element to show only that history the element what was clicked fom open menu: Looking for a trilogy published around the early 80s.  Insect-like aliens are invading earth.  Humans' brains are placed in robotic bodies.  The protagonist is a child in one of these bodies.  He has to learn how to control the robot &amp; conserve his battery power.  Once train, he can fight back against the aliens using heat-guns + physical attacks.    The aliens are landing/spawning on sites all over the globe.  Part of the plot is discovering a method to disrupt their staging points.  It was probably young-adult oriented.  If anyone remembers this, thank you. The top bar is showing (again) the suggested edits count and 10K flags count, like it was before.  On Stack Overflow it looks like this: (that's the original color, same as in old top bar)        And on this very Meta site:        Same top bar. But different colors! Consistency broken.  I've just noticed the suggested edits count on Meta:        Black on black, I can see just a floating number - really confusing and out of any context.  In the name of Consistency, can we please have the same color on all sites? Save site as template using client object model I'm trying to print types like off_t and size_t.  What is the correct placeholder for printf() that is portable?  Or is there a completely different way to print those variables? Why does the aorta spray blood when atmospheric pressure is higher than blood pressure? If $f:E\rightarrow S$ is an elliptic curve over a scheme $S$ (so $f$ is proper and smooth of relative dimension one with geometrically connected fibers of genus one, equipped with a section $0:S\rightarrow E$), then is the sheaf $\underline{\omega}_{E/S}:=f_*\Omega_{E/S}^1$ actually free of rank one? According to the statement of Grothendieck-Serre duality in Hida's book Geometric Modular Forms and Elliptic Curves, there should be a canonical isomorphism $\underline{\omega}_{E/S}\cong\mathcal{Hom}_{\mathscr{O}_S}(R^1f_*\mathscr{O}_E,\mathscr{O}_S)$, and the first result on elliptic curves in this book is that $R^1f_*\mathscr{O}_E\cong\mathscr{O}_S$. It's also not clear to me whether $S$ is being assumed (locally) Noetherian, but if that's necessary for Grothendieck-Serre duality to hold, then I'm fine with assuming it. I can't find another reference with a statement of Grothendieck-Serre duality in this generality which does not use the language of derived categories (which I unfortunately don't understand).  The reason I'm kind of skeptical about this is that in Hida's book, as well as in Katz-Mazur, it is said that $\underline{\omega}_{E/S}$ is invertible, so that an $\mathscr{O}_S$-basis $\omega$ for $\underline{\omega}_{E/S}$ can be found locally on $S$. If the invertible sheaf in question were really trivial then one would be able to choose a global $\mathscr{O}_S$-basis for $\underline{\omega}_{E/S}$, and there would be no reason to talk about doing so locally. Hida goes on to say that, choosing an $\mathscr{O}_S$-basis $\omega$ locally on $S$ allows one to regard $(\Omega_{E/S}^1,\omega)$ as a relative effective Cartier divisor in $E/S$, which also doesn't make complete sense to me because if we can only find $\omega$ locally, how are we getting a global section $\omega\in H^0(E,\Omega_{E/S}^1)=H^0(S,\underline{\omega}_{E/S})$ (unless $\underline{\omega}_{E/S}$ really is trivial)? Can the software be downloaded on an Android device?  If yes, then what is the process? I was looking at  and I didn't realize that Minecraft had some Easter eggs in it. Besides the Christmas chest Easter egg, and the sheep Easter egg, what else is there? For some of the apps I've developed (then proceeded to forget about), I've been writing plain SQL, primarily for MySQL.  Though I have used ORMs in python like , I didn't stick with them for long.  Usually it was either the documentation or complexity (from my point of view) holding me back.  I see it like this: use an ORM for portability, plain SQL if it's just going to be using one type of database. I'm really looking for advice on when to use an ORM or SQL when developing an app that needs database support.  Thinking about it, it would be far better to just use a lightweight wrapper to handle database inconsistencies vs. using an ORM. Prove that if the positve term series $\sum^{\infty}_{n=1}a_n$ is convergent, also $\sum^{\infty}_{n=1}\sqrt{a_na_{n+1}}$ is convergent.  Prove that if the positive term series $\sum^{\infty}_{n=1}a_n$ and $\sum^{\infty}_{n=1}b_n$ are convergent, also $\sum^{\infty}_{n=1}a_nb_n$ is convergent.  I've tried to solve it using comparison test, but no results. Isomorphism between $\mathfrak o(4,\mathbb R)$ and $\mathfrak o (3,\mathbb R) \oplus\mathfrak o (3,\mathbb R) $ How can I calculate what the effect of an extension tube will be? Humorous time travel short story about a man's dealings with other versions of himself Okay, similar questions to this have been asked before, but not about the particular short story I am trying to find.  It was in an anthology of short sci fi stories, possibly award winning ones or at least someone's compilation of favourites. (I think)   It was a long time ago, maybe 1970s or 80s, so the story could date back to even the 1960s for all I know, but probably the 1970s.  It was the funniest story about time travel where a person meets incarnations of himself, that I have ever read. It was either derivative of 'By His Bootstraps' or the other way around, but my recollection is that this story was funnier.  Maybe my memory is playing tricks on me and it WAS 'By His Bootsraps', but I am almost certain that it wasn't, because when I read that recently it seemed unfamiliar and not as funny.  In the one I am trying to recall, the guy is also bemused and irritated by the behaviour of other incarnations of himself, like the Heinlen story, but the repartee between versions of himself and his extreme frustration is much more hilarious.  I have a vague recollection that he is in a spaceship during the story, but not absolutely sure. There seemed to be a lot of clambering around, ladders, bulkheads, etc, unlike the Heinlen story.  I'm almost certain it isn't any of the commonly suggested stories and I'm quite sure it wasn't a short film where he shoots his older self, or a full length novel. Someone will have read it and (un)remembered it fondly like me, I feel sure!