I had a dual boot on my PC with both Ubuntu and Windows 10. I had to extend my root partition since I was running out of space.   Here are the partitions before extending /root/    After expanding /root    I faced a GRUB failure and installed boot-repair through liveUSB by following , but GRUB is still not listing Windows.  The answers to these questions didn't help either:        Here is the result for sudo update-grub:  $ sudo update-grub Generating grub configuration file ... Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-92-generic Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-3.13.0-92-generic Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-91-generic Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-3.13.0-91-generic Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-88-generic Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-3.13.0-88-generic Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-87-generic Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-3.13.0-87-generic Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-86-generic Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-3.13.0-86-generic Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-85-generic Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-3.13.0-85-generic Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-83-generic Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-3.13.0-83-generic Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-79-generic Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-3.13.0-79-generic Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-77-generic Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-3.13.0-77-generic Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-74-generic Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-3.13.0-74-generic Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-71-generic Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-3.13.0-71-generic Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-68-generic Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-3.13.0-68-generic Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-67-generic Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-3.13.0-67-generic Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-65-generic Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-3.13.0-65-generic Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-57-generic Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-3.13.0-57-generic Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-53-generic Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-3.13.0-53-generic Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-49-generic Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-3.13.0-49-generic Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-45-generic Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-3.13.0-45-generic Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-44-generic Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-3.13.0-44-generic Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-41-generic Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-3.13.0-41-generic Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-40-generic Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-3.13.0-40-generic Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-36-generic Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-3.13.0-36-generic Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-29-generic Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-3.13.0-29-generic Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-3.11.0-19-generic Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-3.11.0-19-generic Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-3.8.0-29-generic Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-3.8.0-29-generic Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-3.8.0-26-generic Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-3.8.0-26-generic Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-3.8.0-22-generic Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-3.8.0-22-generic Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-3.8.0-19-generic Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-3.8.0-19-generic Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-3.5.0-28-generic Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-3.5.0-28-generic Found memtest86+ image: /boot/memtest86+.elf Found memtest86+ image: /boot/memtest86+.bin done   What might be the way to add Windows to my GRUB?
I recently got a computer from school. It came with Windows 8.1 installed. I then installed another copy of Windows 8.1 (so it would use the built-in Windows Pro license) and upgraded it to Windows 10. I then installed Ubuntu alongside both Windows 8 and 10. Note that I made a separate 255MB ext2 partition for /boot. Now, when I boot the computer, I first see a GRUB prompt (I already un-hid the grub prompt 'cuz I like it that way) with Windows 8 and Ubuntu options. However, there is no Windows 10 option. If I select Ubuntu, the computer boots into Ubuntu. However, if I select the Windows 8 option, I then get sent to the Windows bootloader, where it then gives me options to boot either Windows 8 or Windows 10. (However, by this point, the computer has already loaded the kernel and all. Apparently Microsoft misunderstood the concept of a bootloader and decided that that meant &quot;boot practically the entire system before actually showing the bootloader&quot;. Typical Microsoft.) How can I disable the Windows bootloader and add a Windows 10 option to GRUB? EDIT: Someone has answered telling me to disable the Windows bootloader. However, I still do not know how to add Windows to the GRUB OS list. Can anyone help with this? EDIT 2: After removing Windows 10 from the Windows bootloader with EasyBCD, it seemed that, after a few reboots, it would continually unhide itself and Windows 10 would reappear. However, I then later deleted Windows 10 from the list of OSes in msconfig, and it seems to have stayed deleted. However, I STILL have not managed to get Windows 10 to appear in GRUB. It's as if GRUB simply doesn't detect it. Also, I'll put this in the question so that people see it - I have tried using boot-repair, however, it has NOT helped any.
I think it would be a very useful and quality-improving feature.  As for me, when I speak on something, I often have a visual representation of how it works, or something. It's obvious there are many things (in algorithms, or, say, UI) which are much easier understood with pictures and diagrams, than from scarce text.  So I'd really like here to be a special answer form, where you can attach some visual things to better explain your ideas.  I imagine this form as just a canvas with few painting tools and some basic blocks and patterns. I would like to know if there is a word or phrase for a systematic campaign to annihilate every descendant of a particular ancestor.   We have the word 'genocide' for killing off an entire race, and plenty of words for killing people based on how they are related to you (fratricide, filicide, et. al.), but looking over the  and the , I couldn't find a term for systematically killing an entire bloodline.   My question is prompted by a US news story about the horrific murder of 8 members of the same family, but those murders are not an example of what I'm thinking of because the children of the victims were left alive, so the motive for the killings was not to kill off the bloodline. The sense that some group had coordinated an attack against just one family is what made me wonder what the "not an entire race, just one bloodline" version of 'genocide' would be called.   Searching the Internet for "kill off" and bloodline sends me straight into the land of vampires, Illuminati, reptilian overlords, and, naturally, Priory of Sion nonsense so I haven't had much luck finding a thread to pull.   It may be that there is no word for it in the sense of murdering a human bloodline, because we just don't attempt kill off our royals down to the last heir often enough to coin a term for it. Maybe there is a scientific term for culling a line from a test population as part of biological research? I dont have a clue about the proof in the reverse implication on the iff statement.  I will show what I have by now:  1) A cofinite topology implies that any infinite subset in $X$ is dense. Let $U\in\tau$ and is cofinite topology so $U=X-\bigcup_{k=1}^{n}\{x_k\}$.  Let $V\in X$ an infinite subset then $$V\cap U=V\cap(X-\bigcup_{k=1}^{n}\{x_k\})=(V\cap X)-(V\cap \bigcup_{k=1}^{n}\{x_k\})=V-(V\cap \bigcup_{k=1}^{n}\{x_k\})$$  and cause $|V|\ge\aleph_0$ and $|\bigcup_{k=1}^{n}\{x_k\}|=n\in\Bbb N\,$ we have that $|V\cap \bigcup_{k=1}^{n}\{x_k\}|\le n$. And finally is obvious that $V-(V\cap \bigcup_{k=1}^{n}\{x_k\})\ne\emptyset$ so any infinite subset is dense on $X$.  2) A cofinite topology implies a $T_1$-space. Let $x, y\in X$ and $U\in\tau: U=X-\{y\}$ so $x\in U\land y\notin U$. We can define too $V\in\tau:V=X-\{x\}$ so $x\notin V\land y\in V$ then a cofinite topology is a $T_1$-space.  But my problem is that I dont have a clue to prove the reverse implication i.e. if we have a $T_1$-space where every infinite subset is dense then it is a cofinite topology. Some hint? Some advice or correction in the proof of above? Thank you in advance.    I will complete the proof with the advice of @Cameron Buie.  1) A $T_1$-space implies that any finite subset is closed. Let the singleton $\{x\}\subset X$. Then $\overline{\{x\}}=\{x\}\cup\{x\}'$ where $\{x\}'=\{y:(\forall U\in\tau : y\in U)\land x\in U\}$, but because we are in a $T_1$-space exist some $U$ for any points $x,y\in X: x\in U\land y\notin U$ so $\{x\}'=\emptyset$ then $\overline{\{x\}}=\{x\}$ and is closed.  This means that for every $T_1$-space it cofinite sets are open.  2) If any infinite subset is dense on $X$ it means that the closure of any infinite subset is $X$ so the only closed sets are finite (and $X$ itself), so the topology is cofinite. Add self-answer delay for all users TL;DR:  I believe there are still some issues with self-answers, particularly near-immediate self-answers, which are not addressed by the current system.  This could be remedied by imposing an automated restriction on how soon self-answers will be displayed in the thread.  Allow users to submit self-answers at any time, but do not display them until certain reasonable conditions (a relatively short timeout, or the posting of a competing answer) are met.    History  This thread covers a good deal of the concerns surrounding self-answers, and some mechanisms in place to prevent "bad" self-answers from new users and other abuse of the self-answer system.    As I understand it, the following restrictions apply:   Users with &lt;100 rep cannot self-answer within 8 hours of posting a question. Self-answers cannot be accepted within 48 hours of posting. Self-answers do not provide rep from being accepted. Accepted self-answers are not pinned to the top of the thread.   Problem  This does a good job of preventing users from posting answers which should probably be comments (or not posted at all), allows superior answers to rise above accepted self-answers, and prevents some other abuses of the system.  However, there is a less tangible element of self-answers which this does not address:    Self answers are a disincentive to other users who may otherwise be willing to post more accurate, detailed material stemming from broader or deeper knowledge and/or experience than the asker has.  When someone posts an answer to their own question, it presumably means that the problem which spawned the question is solved to their satisfaction.  This is fine for the purposes of sharing information with the community, but it deters others from providing solutions to the question which may be more complete or accurate since there is not so much likelihood that the self-answerer will accept a competing answer.  Worse, in the case of near-immediate self-answers, this can remove the incentive for other users to gain reputation via up-votes because the asker has an unfair head-start.  Unless everyone is required to view new answers to questions where they have already voted on an answer, most people probably vote on a good answer and never look at the question again.  This can put (potentially) better answers at a disadvantage even when the head-start is within an hour.  Suggested Solution  Add a delay to the posting of self-answers.  The delay should be the least of these:   Until a competing answer has been posted. A reasonable amount of time to allow competing answerers a chance to post, without preventing self-answers outright.  (Suggestion: 2 hours)   To better facilitate this, and avoid completely turning people off from appropriate self-answering, I suggest the delay be handled through automation more than user limitation.  That is, the user should be allowed to submit the self-answer at any time.  But the answer will not actually be displayed to other users until one of the above conditions have been met.  This could also be applied to the existing 8-hour delay for low-rep users.  Example:  T:0 - A user finishes resolving a tough problem, just before he would have gone to SE for assistance, and decides to share his new-found knowledge with the community.  He posts a question describing his problem.  T:5 minutes - The user then posts a self-answer.  There has not yet been another answer posted to the thread.  The user is given a notice describing the restrictions in place regarding self-answers, and the answer is submitted into the database but not displayed to other users.  (Similar to how suggested edits are only displayed to the user suggesting them, until they are approved.)  T:1 hour, 15 minutes - Another user sees the unanswered question, and posts their answer.  Their answer is displayed immediately, and the self-answer is now also displayed.  T:2 hours - Had the second answer not been posted, the self-answer would automatically be displayed after this point. Using proof by contradiction vs proof of the contrapositive What is the difference between a "proof by contradiction" and "proving the contrapositive"? Intuitive, it feels like doing the exact same thing. And when I compare an exercise, one person proves by contradiction, and the other proves the contrapositive, the proofs look almost exactly the same.  For example, say I want to prove: $P \implies Q$ When I want to prove by contradiction, I would say assume this is not true. Assume $Q$ is not true, and $P$ is true. Blabla, but this implies $P$ is not true, which is a contradiction.  When I want to prove the contrapositive, I say. Assume $Q$ is not true. Blabla, this implies $P$ is not true.  The only difference in the proof is that I assume $P$ is true in the beginning, when I want to prove by contradiction. But this feels almost redundant, as in the end I always get that this is not true. The only other way that I could get a contradiction is by proving that $Q$ is true. But this would be the exact same things as a direct proof.   Can somebody enlighten me a little bit here ? For example: Are there proofs that can be proven by contradiction but not proven by proving the contrapositve? Interpreting exp(B) in multinomial logistic regression This is somewhat of a beginner's question, but how does one interpret an exp(B) result of 6.012 in a multinomial logistic regression model?  1) is it 6.012-1.0 = 5.012 = 5012% increase in risk?  or  2) 6.012/(1+6.012) = 0.857 = 85.7% increase in risk?  In case both alternatives are incorrect, can someone please mention the correct way?  Ive searched many resources on the internet and I get to these two alternatives, and I am not entirely sure which one is correct. For what powers $k$ is the polynomial $n^k-1$ divisible by $(n-1)^2$? Are PS+ free games region-locked? I have a PSN account that belongs to region X. It has a PS+ subscription. I have acquired many games throughout the years; some are PS+ free games, some are digital medias bought from PS Store. I'm moving to region Y.   Question: will I be able to play all of them normally on while I'm in region Y, specially those free PS+?  In other words, will I be able to keep using the same PSN and PS+ accounts and get access to my games in the library?  PS: I believe it is not possible to change country of a PSN account, isn't that so? Would you please tell me which of the following terms is correct? If both are correct, are they equal?     I have no [...] I don't have any [...] How is the popularity of "recent tags" calculated? How are these calculated? I see them going up and down all the time, and there are obviously way more than 48 questions about C# so how are these calculated? How to check the count of .txt files in a folder (dir command)? How can use dir command to check how many .txt files there are in a folder (for example,  C:\Temp\)? Which one should be used?      To me, it makes no difference, but I'm not really sure why.   vs     For me, it makes no difference, but I'm not really sure why. Changing affiliation on publication I am moving from one job to another (postdoc to tenure track) this summer and I have papers in several stages of being written, these go from handwritten notes with all the necessary arguments to under revision at a journal. All the papers will have my new contact information put on them but where is the line for changing affiliation? It seems obvious to me that the one that is still in the handwritten notes stage will get the new affiliation and that the ones under revision won't. So somewhere in between is a line.   Where is it?  There are some similar questions so far (see  and  but they do not seem to be quite the same situation since I am not changing fields and the appointments are not concurrent. How to effectively close a page? Before asking my question, I'll use an example to clarify the idea.  Say that a company used to sell horses and then they turn into a sheeps business. While some of the old pages can be mapped to the new pages using a 301 redirect, because they're really related in the content and the company don't want to lose users and link juice, there are a lot of pages strictly related to horses that they want to shutdown.  What's the best practice? Is there a way to say to users and Search Engines the content you were looking for won't be available any more?  Basically a 301 redirect of the closed pages to new ones seems not so good, because you'll show a content totally unrelated to the searched one.  P.S: I'm aware that probably the best fallback is to simply map those pages to the homepage but I hope in a smarter solution. Does the Darkness spell block vision? In discussing , I came to realize that the real question was whether Darkness blocks vision or merely creates "darkness".    Per the wording of the spell:     Magical darkness spreads from a point you choose within range to fill a 15-foot-radius sphere for the duration. The darkness spreads around corners. A creature with darkvision can’t see through this darkness, and nonmagical light can’t illuminate it. (emphasis mine)   Normal darkness is defined in the game as creating a heavily obscured area and the only description added to the darkness is that it is magical, which (to me) just means that it is created by magic and is subject to the magical rules.    Darkvision is defined in the game as basically being able to see in darkness as if they were seeing in dim light. So, the text "darkvision can’t see through this darkness" merely means that it affects darkvision in the same way it affects normal vision. (See earlier versions of the spell below, which had similar wordings.)    I see nothing there that implies it is a barrier to vision, just an active  and utter absence of illumination.    Previous editions have varying descriptions.  and  give accurate accountings of the various versions.   The 1e Wizard version seems to actually imply a sphere of opaque blackness that even blocks infra/ultravision, while the 1e Cleric version is a reversal of the Light spell and creates totally normal darkness, with no block to special visions.   The 2e version is similar to the 1e Cleric spell. It creates an area of darkness "equal to an unlit interior room".   The 3.0e version comes closest to the 5e version. It "causes an object   to radiate darkness out to a 20-foot radius. Not even creatures who can normally see in the dark (such as with darkvision) can see in an area shrouded in magical darkness." Still no reference to any sort of opacity and the wording makes it clear that darkvision is being treated specifically here.   3.5e Darkness is similar, although instead of darkness, it creates "shadowy illumination". This affects darkvision as well as normal vision.   4e doesn't have a Darkness spell, but rather a Cleric Utility called Veil of Darkness, which creates "a zone that is heavily obscured and blocks line of sight." So, finally, a reference to opacity, in "blocks line of sight", although I question if opacity was the intent. Outline around text on CMYK black background in Photoshop I'm trying to make a document with one color black  (c:0,m:0,y:0,k:100) background with red text on it. However in CMYK the text has this weird grey white-ish edge. In RGB it doesn't show but in CMYK it shows. I'm wondering will this show when printing or do I need to use different methods? ie. using rich black etc.  Here's the RGB and CMYK comparison Can a Spring form command be a Map? Entire function and the series of its successive derivatives I recently came across the result that if $g$ is holomorphic in a neighbourhood of a point $z_0$ and  $$\sum_{n=0}^{\infty }{g^{(n)}(z_0)} $$ converges then $g $ is an entire function. Now, my doubt is if the above series is absolutely convergent then can we say something more about $g$, like say $g$ is a polynomial? I could not find any non-polynomial  entire function( I tried with functions like $e^z$, $\sin z $, et al), whose successive derivatives converge absolutely as series. Any help please? Paging using ldapsearch I am searching an LDAP directory that has a much larger number of results than the sizelimit currently set,500, by slapd.conf that for all intents and purposes cannot be changed)  My idea was to keep running ldapsearch but from a different offset each time (501, 1001, etc.) until all results have been obtained.  I have seen the , and it appears that this is handled for you using the -E options:  -E [!]&lt;ext&gt;[=&lt;extparam&gt;] search extensions (! indicates criticality)          [!]domainScope              (domain scope)          [!]mv=&lt;filter&gt;              (matched values filter)          [!]pr=&lt;size&gt;[/prompt|noprompt]   (paged results/prompt)          [!]subentries[=true|false]  (subentries)          [!]sync=ro[/&lt;cookie&gt;]            (LDAP Sync refreshOnly)                  rp[/&lt;cookie&gt;][/&lt;slimit&gt;] (LDAP Sync refreshAndPersist)   So i tried: ldapsearch -h $HOST -p $PORT -x -L -b "$BASE" '*' '+' -E pr=$SIZE  However when the results (even paged results with size = 50 for example) hit 500, I get the same error as if the results were not paged:  Size limit exceeded (4)  I have seen in the man pages there is another option for virtuallistview but have been unable to find examples for it, and as well I dont think my version of ldapsearch has this option.  The goal here is to create a backup using ldapsearch and the -L option to create an ldif file that is suitable for restoring the database.  A few google searches show up with the same problem I'm having, but none have an applicable solution.. I want to run an app in 'kiosk' mode for public unattended access via touch screen (no mouse or keyboard attached). I can already automate a network user logon and then the app launches (but only in last state - not necessarily full screen - which I want) I know with Workgroup Manager you can hide the dock, use simple Finder etc...but need something more powerful. Ideally it needs to monitor if the app crashes out and restart it / log limited user off and back on again.  Thanks  Phil