I can't seem to find a tutorial online that helps me with this tasking. I have some Vigenere ciphertext (LVGPA...). It only says to assume that encrypting the key letter A results in no change, B results in an increment of one, C increments 2, and so forth.  How would I start to find the key?
I'm trying to crack a cypher that I believe is Vigenère encrypted and I'm currently stuck.  I calculated the key length by finding repeated sequences in the cypher and calculating the the common factors.  Word    distance factors agzd    16       2,4,8,16        zna     92       2,4,23,46,92 zdc     54       2,3,6,9,18,27,54 csio    44       2,4,11,22,44 omy     46       2,23,46 zab     5        5   I assume the key-length is 4 as these are the once that are common factors, but from here on trying to map the correct caesar shiffre for each position I'm stuck.  Can somebody confirm that my key-length calculation has no errors which would explain why I can't solve the cypher.  Here is the cypher:  jD 2GSA 7HNA ZNA w.m. V7KXA 36HBM MKE5 /H SGP9 +R GKKJ 2I A4OTC KDBCUR. 19+R 8Y TKJ JG4 IGO6 6U4T OJ hH/BIK. 196 qFKT+9 BNJK ZD6+Q AGZD. kJ'R EaOP6 4NCR ZK 36 / AGZD6C/HOIE2D. x0ZNAC2S8IO8DI HB xX8D4D 0XK O66M 0Y MN62S 8TZABBD2Za8BI. lBJ HA+DF 6UU/ 2J /FOZDC6S8I OJ kDC8G OO 2BLCYZ O66M 0Y G 925F4 UL J2JHCTGH FHH3K
I can't get the coordinates on my computer because it keeps changing the brightness.  I have a windows 8 Samsung, and I'm playing Minecraft version 1.6.4. Is it true every ideal of $\mathbb{Z}[x]$ is finitely generated? Let $I$ be any ideal of $\mathbb {Z}[x]$, and $I=\left&lt;{f_1,f_2 , ...}\right&gt;$.  Without loss of generality, $f_1$ has minimal (absolute value) coefficient of constant term (if there exist).  Then, let $g$ be any element of $I$ .  We have for some integer $m$ that $g - mf_1$ is element of $I$ (minimal coefficient and division algorithm).  I guess this process terminate finitely, but I don't know how can I do next step.  ( ex. $g-mf_1, g-mf_1-nf_2, ...$)  Please help me and thanks for in advance. How to draw simple table How to have a one-to-many relationship with a privileged child? Is there a term for a foreign word that looks like an English word but has a completely different meaning? examples:         Gift (German) = poison   poisson (French) = fish   embarazada (Spanish) = pregnant   sauce (Spanish) = willow   triviale (Italian) = vulgar   parentes (Portuguese) = relatives   slim (Dutch) = smart How can I ssh to a remote server with an automated password and no key? Let   consider   a  square $10\times 10$   and  write  in  the   every   unit  square    the   numbers   from  $1$  to  $100$   such  that   every  two   consecutive  numbers  are  in   squares   which  has  a  common edge.  Then  there  are  two  perfect  squares   on  the  same line  or  column. Can  you   give  me  an  hint? How  to  start? Where does YouTube's offline feature store video files? I'm using YouTube offline feature on my Android device, so that I can playback the offline videos within the YouTube app even there is no internet connection. When I searched for any of the video files, I can't find them on device/SD card memory. Are they encrypting the file so that it can be played only with YouTube app? Does anyone know the specific folder for offline video data? Environment for two columns with lstlistings In order to reduce copy-pasting, I want to create an environment that will produce a two-column table with headers and two listings in different languages, like below:  \begin{tabular}{l l} Python &amp; Haskell \\ \hline \\ \lstset{language=Python} \begin{lstlisting} A \end{lstlisting} &amp; \lstset{language=Haskell} \begin{lstlisting} B \end{lstlisting} \end{tabular}   I want to use it like below, hiding everything but code:  \begin{comparison} A \vs B \end{comparison}   So far I tried making two new environments (instead of a \vs command inside) with \lstnewenvironment, where first environment had \tabularx command and second \endtabularx. I also tried creating normal \newenvironment for this tabular, &amp; for \vs command and manually inserting \begin{lstlistings} and \end{lstlistings} with code, but it stopped compiling when I put lstlistings inside.  How can I create such an environment?  EDIT: The most compact version I've came up with until now is  \newenvironment{comparison} {\begin{parcolumns}[nofirstindent,distance=0pt,colwidths={1=0.35\textwidth}]{2}} {\end{parcolumns}}  \lstnewenvironment{python} {Python \lstset{language=Python,frame=t}} {}  \lstnewenvironment{haskell} {Haskell \lstset{language=Haskell,frame=t}} {}   which is used like that:  \begin{comparison} \colchunk{ \begin{python} A \end{python} } \colchunk{ \begin{haskell} B \end{haskell} } \end{comparison}   I'm still unable to hide \colchunk{} within python or haskell environments. Say I had a Core i7 Laptop with 16GB of RAM and a 750gb drive.  Is there a mechanism where I can partition the HD into a Linux, Windows, OS X, Shared Data, Hypervisor setup where I boot a small hypervisor. I can start/stop a linux, Windows and OS X virtual machine and interact with them all from the hypervisor?   Code, Test, etc?  is this a type 1 Hypervisor?  I suppose I could run a small linux install and VmWare but could VmWare read the virtual machines from a physical hard disk partition versus a file based setup (.vmdk files)? Make all i.stack.imgur.com links protocol-relative Stack Overflow has HTTPS in some places! However, this breaks most existing image links. Could those be made protocol-relative, or react to the requesting protocol, or just always use HTTPS?  The same applies to .sponsor-tag-img. Communities list is counting my reputation wrong on some sites I have 101 rep on  and am not suspended there. But the site switcher thinks I only have 1 rep there:     I noticed this after I .   To test this, I just added Expats and Reverse Engineering to my site switcher list. On both of those sites I have 101 rep and am not suspended. Results:    Huh? How to remove \n from a list element? Show that the Sorgenfrey line does not have a countable basis. I am trying to understand this proof from Munkres' book which shows that the Sorgenfrey line does not have a countable basis. His proof is:  Let $\beta$ be a basis for $\mathbb{R}_l$. Choose for each $x$ an element $B_x \in \beta$ such that $x \in B_x \subset [x, x+1)$. If $y$ is not equal to $x$ then $B_y \neq B_x$ since inf($B_x$) = $x$ and $y$ = inf($B_y$). Therefore $\beta$ must be uncountable.   I am new to topology so I am probably just missing a simple point but I do not see why $\beta$ must be uncountable according to this argument. I agree that $B_y \neq B_x$ but isn't it possible that $y \in B_x$ (and thus the set $B_y$ is not needed as part of the basis)? Thanks in advance for your help. The polymorph spell states, in part:     The target’s game statistics, including mental ability scores, are   replaced by the statistics of the chosen beast. It retains its   alignment and personality.   Does retaining its personality suffice to let it remember who its allies are?  Even if transformed into something stupid like a T-rex?  What does it even mean for a beast with Int 2 to have someone's "personality"? Now that Apple has removed the ability to access the iOS App Store in iTunes 12.7 on Mac/Windows , I can't find any way to download an IPA file from the App Store. As a note, I'm not worried about installing the IPA files (see ), I just need the IPA files as a developer looking for some basic information on the apps. I'd like to solve this without resorting to jailbreaking as my devices are already updated to iOS 10.3.3.  Here are things that I've tried that didn't work:   Extract from backup: The apps seem no longer to be backed up. Save to Mac from iPhone management software: I believe this has been blocked by Apple works as far back as iOS 8.3. Figuring out how the file is downloaded via proxy connection: At least for me, this looks too complicated to do because you have to authenticate with your Apple ID and I'm sure that by now, Apple even requires the phone to be authenticated in some way. Not sure if it would even be possible in the same way that you see all those Android APK download services out there.   At least for now, it looks to me like maybe the only way is to hold onto an older version of iTunes for as long as that works. Install Biber in MiKTeX on a 64-bit version of Windows Update: As of summer 2015 Biber is also included in the 64-bit repositories for MikTeX. There is no need to install Biber manually any more, it can simply be installed via the Package Manager just like other packages.   The question  describes how to use Biber with MiKTeX. But on the 64-bit version of MiKTeX Biber isn't installed.  How it is possible to install Biber on a 64-bit version of Windows?  Can I use this ? Check whether an array is a subset of another Any idea on how to check whether that list is a subset of another?  Specifically, I have  List&lt;double&gt; t1 = new List&lt;double&gt; { 1, 3, 5 }; List&lt;double&gt; t2 = new List&lt;double&gt; { 1, 5 };   How to check that t2 is a subset of t1, using LINQ? Proving : $ \bigl(1+\frac{1}{n+1}\bigr)^{n+1} \gt (1+\frac{1}{n})^{n} $ I have an ASUS E402S laptop with Ubuntu 64-bit 16.04 LTS installed. The main problem is that the OS does recognize the touchpad with basic functions, but additional options such as scrolling through pages or between open applications are non-existent.  This is what my xinput result is showing:  ⎡ Virtual core pointer                      id=2    [master pointer  (3)] ⎜   ↳ Virtual core XTEST pointer                id=4    [slave  pointer  (2)] ⎜   ↳ Logitech USB Receiver                     id=9    [slave  pointer  (2)] ⎜   ↳ Logitech USB Receiver                     id=10   [slave  pointer  (2)] ⎜   ↳ FTE1000:00 0B05:0101                      id=12   [slave  pointer  (2)] ⎣ Virtual core keyboard                     id=3    [master keyboard (2)]     ↳ Virtual core XTEST keyboard               id=5    [slave  keyboard (3)]     ↳ Power Button                              id=6    [slave  keyboard (3)]     ↳ Video Bus                                 id=7    [slave  keyboard (3)]     ↳ Sleep Button                              id=8    [slave  keyboard (3)]     ↳ USB2.0 VGA UVC WebCam                     id=11   [slave  keyboard (3)]     ↳ Asus WMI hotkeys                          id=13   [slave  keyboard (3)]     ↳ AT Translated Set 2 keyboard              id=14   [slave  keyboard (3)]   Apparently my touchpad's type is not shown in the list. What are the possible solutions to fix this issue?