Note: using scp or other tools is off the table due to vendor requirements.  I have been set up with a private key to be able to upload numerous files to a vendor's server.  Let's say I have all of my files in /etc/files and I want to upload them as myuser@example.com:/files/  I was told I could do this using heredocs but I'm a little unsure. Any advice?  I have a private key so I will be using that via the -i flag.
On machine A I have the folder /home/a/  On machine B I have the folder /home/b/  I wish transfer all files, directories and sub-directories of /home/a in /home/b with sftp On machine A I tried the commands: sftp fibon82@machineB.com put /home/a/* /home/b/  but it doesn't work, i get the error message: &quot;skipping non-regular file /home/a/a1&quot;... [a1 is a sub-directory of a] How could I modify the put instruction? Thanks! :) EDIT: I solved using scp: scp -r /home/a/ fibon82@machineB.com:/home/b/
Why do liquids boil when their vapor pressure equals the ambient pressure? Given that the boiling point of a liquid is the temperature at which the vapor pressure is equal to the ambient (surrounding) pressure, what significance does a liquid's vapor pressure have in the formation of bubbles that happens at and above the boiling point?    The definition of boiling point seems to imply that the pressure inside of the bubbles must be at least as great as the liquid's vapor pressure in order to balance the outside pressure, but is there any particular reason why the pressure inside of the bubbles is related to the vapor pressure?    The vapor pressure seems to be a measurement describing the tendency of the molecules to escape from the surface of the liquid, but I don't see how that relates to bubble formation within the liquid.  This question has bothered me for a while, so any help would be much appreciated. I am intermediate in PHP. To polish my skills I start learning Drupal 7. While learning Drupal architecture concepts, the terms hooks and bootstrapping puzzled me a lot. I read the "Pro Drupal development" book, and some documentation on drupal.org, but it is so advanced for me to learn how hooks work in Drupal to display the web page.  Can anyone tell me what hooks are in simple words? Custom unique constraint, only enforced if one column has a specific value Definitions of "linearity" across branches of mathematics or levels of math education Linearity is a ubiquitous concept in mathematics; however, each branch of mathematics appears to have its own definition of what a linear map (function, functional, functor, transformation, form, operator, or whatsoever) is. These different definitions can lead to confusion, especially when people apply conflicting definitions of linearity to the same mathematical object (just  to figure out what I mean).  One of my favorite examples with potential for conflict is the natural logarithm $\ln : \mathbb{R}_{&gt;0} \to \mathbb{R}$, which the majority of people, as I could learn during hot disputations not only  but also with colleagues in my field, regard as clearly non-linear, even though it fully complies with the definition of a linear map from the vector space $\mathbb{R}_{&gt;0}$ to the vector space $\mathbb{R}$ (cf. Definition 4 below). A similar conflict arises analogously for the exponential function $\exp :\mathbb{R} \to \mathbb{R}_{&gt;0}$.  I do not want to initiate yet another discussion here, about what the right and what the wrong definition of linearity is! Rather, ...  ... I would like to compile a list of existing definitions, to get a better overview of the different uses of the term "linearity" across the different branches of mathematics and levels of education.    Let be begin with the following four, which are certainly far from constituting a complete list. What about bilinear or multilinear forms, linear morphisms and linear functors in category theory, linear metrics, or other concepts of linearity? I am looking forward to see your answers.  At school I was taught that     Definition 1:   A function $f$ is linear if it is of the form $f(x) = ax + b$.   Later I learned that $f(x) = ax + b$ is affine, rather than linear, because     Definition 2:   A function $f$ is linear if it is of the form $f(x) = ax$.   From real analysis and systems theory, I know the following     Definition 3:   A map $f$ is linear if         $f(x + y) = f(x) + f(y)$   $f(a \cdot x) = a \cdot f(x)$.      This definition also applies to the expected value in statistics, as        $\mathrm{E}(X + Y) = \mathrm{E}(X) + \mathrm{E}(Y)$   $\mathrm{E}(a \cdot X) = a \cdot \mathrm{E}(X)$.      In a linear algebra course, I learned for the first time that we must not forget to take into account that the vector-space operations of the domain and the codomain of a map $f$ may be dissimilar. In fact, if $(V, \oplus, \odot)$ and $(W, \boxplus, \boxdot)$ are two $\mathbb{K}$-vector spaces, then     Definition 4:   A map $f : V \to W$ is linear if         $f(x \oplus y) = f(x) \boxplus f(y)$   $f(a \odot x) = a \boxdot f(x)$.         Notice that I deliberately used distinct symbols for the operations in both vector spaces, to emphasize how this definition differs from Definition 3.   Correct me if I am wrong, but this definition should also apply to maps between two modules.    Updates: Use of quotes in GNU grep regular expressions GameJolt is a gaming platform/website that offers API access with features like achievements tracking for users, etc. I can use the API no problem on my tests but what I'm concerned about is the private key that is issued to my game. How do I ensure that it's protected from people that want to decompile my game? Once  they get the API private key, they will be able to do anything with it. Putting a piece of code in between two html tags in Solaris On a solaris HTML file, how do I insert between an html tag and head tag? through bash scripting.  I have an html tag that looks like this:  &lt;html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist....-format/1.1" lang="en"&gt;   I want to insert a script written in text file, inside this 'SOLARIS' run HTML file, AFTER the long &lt;html....&gt; tag and BEFORE &lt;head&gt; tag, meaning BETWEEN the two tags, How do I do that?  I want to test using the bash commands to do it for one file at a time as well as multiple file in a folder directory. Will I have to use the folder path in my BASH code? Will I have to use FOR loop or interation in my BASH code? What would be the right code. Note: it is SOLARIS run html file not LINUX one. The name of my HTML file is report.usc20.html.  These are the lines of script that I want to use that are in my backbutton_and_scroller_script.txt file:  &lt;div id="button"&gt;&lt;a href="http://.....index.php"&gt;Back To The Hardening Page&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/2.1.3/jquery.min.js"&gt;&lt;/script&gt; &lt;script type="text/javascript" src="http://arrow.scrolltotop.com/arrow78.js"&gt;&lt;/script&gt; &lt;noscript&gt;Not seeing a &lt;a href="http://www.scrolltotop.com/"&gt;Scroll to Top Button&lt;/a&gt;? Go to our FAQ page for more info.&lt;/noscript&gt; Add comment length counter on the mobile site I know that comments have to be at least 15 chars for the system to post it. I noticed that on the mobile site, there is no "x chars to go..." warning.  If I try to post a comment that is too short, it silently fails and still no mention of minimum length at all.  Can the length counter that is present in the full site theme be added to the mobile theme please? How to install software or upgrade from an old unsupported release? Let be $V$ a vector space over the complex numbers with inner product. Let be $T$ and $S$ linear operators in $V$ with adjoint operators $T^*$, and $S^*$ respectively. I know that it satisfies this: $\left&lt; T(x),y \right&gt;=\left&lt; x,T^{*}(y) \right&gt;$ $\left&lt; S(x),y \right&gt;=\left&lt; x,S^{*}(y) \right&gt;$    $\forall x,y \in V$ But, How can I prove that the adjoint operator of $ST$ is $(ST)^{*}$? And how can I  prove that $(ST)^{*}=T^{*}S^{*}$? While I was looking at the values of the zeta function for the first natural numbers, I noticed that the sum of the values minus $1$, converge to $1$. Better put: $$\sum_{n=2}^{\infty} \left(\zeta(n)-1\right) = 1 $$ Furthermore, if you use only the even numbers for the zeta function, the sum will converge to $\frac{3}{4}$, or $$\sum_{n=1}^{\infty} \left(\zeta(2n)-1\right) = \frac{3}{4}$$  Leaving $$\sum_{n=2}^{\infty} \left(\zeta(2n-1)-1 \right)= \frac{1}{4}$$  This is probably common knowledge among mathematicians, but I couldn't find much about it on the internet. Is there a proof of this or perhaps even a simple explanation why this is so? How to Configure Launcher Placement in Multi-monitor Setup I use a large monitor as primary and laptop screen as secondary. Is it possible to move the launcher to my big monitor or do I have to turn off my laptop monitor?   "Monitor Preferences" (Launcher search -> "Monitors") does not have a way to set the default/primary monitor. nvidia-settings which I just installed says "You do not appear to be using the NVDIA X driver. Please edit your X configuration file (just run nvidia-xconfig as root), and restart the X server.  sudo nvidia-xconfig says sudo: nvidia-xconfig: command not found.  I guess I don't have an AMD driver because I don't have "AMD Catylist Control Center" in the launcher search. I know and I have proved more than once that the set of irrational numbers ($\mathbb{I}$) is uncountable, but now I'm given to solve this problem:   Show that $|\mathbb{I}|=|\mathbb{R}|$,  How can I do that?  Do I need to assume the Continuum Hypothesis in order to that statement to be true?  Thanks Efficiently finding two squares which sum to a prime How can a piece of A4 paper be folded in exactly three equal parts? This is something that always annoys me when putting an A4 letter in a oblong envelope: one has to estimate where to put the creases when folding the letter. I normally start from the bottom and on eye estimate where to fold. Then I turn the letter over and fold bottom to top. Most of the time ending up with three different areas. There must be a way to do this exactly, without using any tools (ruler, etc.). How can I get Gnome3 to remember my session? natbib and hyperref create by default two links to the bibentry in the reference section|chapter of the document:   \begin{filecontents}{\jobname.bib} @book{author08, title = {{A Title}}, publisher = {Alpha}, year = {2008}, author = {Author, A}, address = {London} } @book{buthor90, title = {{B Title}}, publisher = {Bravo}, year = {1990}, editor = {Buthor, B}, address = {New York} } \end{filecontents}  \documentclass{article}  \usepackage{natbib} \usepackage{hyperref} \hypersetup{colorlinks,citecolor=red}  \begin{document}  \noindent citet: \citet{author08}, \citet[see][p. 20]{author08} \\ citep: \citep{author08}, \citep[see][p. 20]{author08}  \bibliographystyle{plainnat} \bibliography{\jobname}  \end{document}     In order to avoid two links to the bibliography (one for the [author] and one for the year [year], respectively), I took  to an older question and added it to my preamble.  \usepackage{etoolbox} \makeatletter  \pretocmd{\NAT@citex}{%   \let\NAT@hyper@\NAT@hyper@citex   \def\NAT@postnote{#2}%   \setcounter{NAT@total@cites}{0}%   \setcounter{NAT@count@cites}{0}%   \forcsvlist{\stepcounter{NAT@total@cites}\@gobble}{#3}}{}{} \newcounter{NAT@total@cites} \newcounter{NAT@count@cites} \def\NAT@postnote{}  % include postnote and \citet closing bracket in hyperlink \def\NAT@hyper@citex#1{%   \stepcounter{NAT@count@cites}%   \hyper@natlinkstart{\@citeb\@extra@b@citeb}#1%   \ifnumequal{\value{NAT@count@cites}}{\value{NAT@total@cites}}     {\ifNAT@swa\else\if*\NAT@postnote*\else%      \NAT@cmt\NAT@postnote\global\def\NAT@postnote{}\fi\fi}{}%   \ifNAT@swa\else\if\relax\NAT@date\relax   \else\NAT@@close\global\let\NAT@nm\@empty\fi\fi% avoid compact citations   \hyper@natlinkend} \renewcommand\hyper@natlinkbreak[2]{#1}  % avoid extraneous postnotes, closing brackets \patchcmd{\NAT@citex}   {\ifNAT@swa\else\if*#2*\else\NAT@cmt#2\fi    \if\relax\NAT@date\relax\else\NAT@@close\fi\fi}{}{}{} \patchcmd{\NAT@citex}   {\if\relax\NAT@date\relax\NAT@def@citea\else\NAT@def@citea@close\fi}   {\if\relax\NAT@date\relax\NAT@def@citea\else\NAT@def@citea@space\fi}{}{}  \makeatother     Which gets me almost where I want to be, but leaves me with two issues I would like to be solved:   while \citet includes pre- and postnotes in the link, \citep doesn't. How can \citep be changed to include postnotes? is there a way to color the brackets and commas that are typeset in black in the unmodified first example also in black in the modified second example without removing them from the link? Why is this sentence correct? “She suggested that he go to the cinema.” My problem is that, I can not give name of my folder or file with special characters like \ / : * ? " &lt; > | in windows based O.S. This is very important for me, that giving name of file/folder which contain this type of characters.  I already search and refer so many site,for this problems but all are hopeless. I also read Microsoft support page, they suggest use other characters. This is its link,    I already try Alt button + ASCII code number of this type of special characters, from numpad key, just example rename file/folder and press Alt+60 (for &lt; characters) Still it giving message that, A filename cannot contain any of the following characters: \ / : * ? " &lt; > |   Suggest me suitable solution so that I can give name of my file/folder with this type of special characters. Can someone provide a proof that every quadratic residue, when working in $\mathbb Z_p$, where $p$ is a prime, has exactly two roots? Indeed, there cannot be only one root as for any $a^2$, we know $a$ and $-a$ are both roots. So then we need only show that there cannot be more than two- does this follow from some argument for the number of roots a quadratic can have modulo a prime? I'm not well-acquainted with the theorems pertaining to prime moduli.