Now that Ruby 1.8.7 is , is it at all possible that the default ruby package in precise might be updated all the way up to 2.0?  I understand that backporting is generally not done with Ubuntu releases for concerns of breaking people, but in this case we're dealing with a deprecated package that might either already have security issues, or have more of them discovered in the future without any chance of them being fixed.  What's the plan? Will 12.04 march on with 1.8.7?
Has there been any news from the maintainers of Ubuntu packaging of Ruby as to whether they'll be releasing a package for Ruby 2.0? If so, have they indicated whether they'll be releasing any packages for Ruby 2.0 on 12.04?
Lenovo Legion Y720 laptop Keyboard backlight I just moved from Windows to Ubuntu, but I cannot get the keyboard backlight to work at all. On Windows there was a specific program for controlling the backlight. I have searched for days now without luck. Anyone got a solution?  I am using Ubuntu 18.04 My best friend of the moment - 'Essential Grammar in Use' for elementary students by Raymond Murphy - says that 'we normally use -'s for people.'     I stayed at my sister's house. (not the house of my sister).   Then, bellow in the same unit (64) says that 'we use of... for things, places, etc.'     Look at the roof of that building. (not that building's roof)   After that I thought:  Finally!!! I understand the rules for apostrophes!!!  But soon I lost all that naif excitement when I saw other written examples on the internet that were not following those 'rules'.     I've learnt that we can apply apostrophes to ...     one year's pay   and, finally, amazingly enough ... to , which means ANY kind of nouns (I deduce uncountable nouns are also part of the possibilities). This demolishes what is said in the grammar. So, it seems that eventually:     That building's roof -> is valid   So, now I need your help.    1) Can you tell me the rules concerning the apostrophe to show possession in respect to its usage with nouns? Can we really apply to all kind of nouns? e.g. teeth's, vehicle's, Paula's, forest's, manager's, Ireland's, etc     Scotland's worst drivers   Metadata improves information's accessibility       2) Is there a sense that justifies what is written in the grammar: 'we normally use -'s for people'? or it does not make sense at all? We always say that tree levels are classical but loop diagrams are quantum.  Let's talk about a concrete example： $$\mathcal{L}=\partial_a \phi\partial^a \phi-\frac{g}{4}\phi^4+\phi J$$ where $J$ is source.   The equation of motion is $$\Box \phi=-g \phi^3+J$$  Let's do perturbation, $\phi=\sum \phi_{n}$ and $\phi_n \sim \mathcal{O}(g^n) $. And define Green function $G(x)$ as $$\Box G(x) =\delta^4(x)$$  Then   Zero order:  $\Box \phi_0 = J$   $\phi_0(x)=\int d^4y G(x-y) J(y) $  This solution corresponds to the following diagram:  First order:  $\Box \phi_1 = -g \phi_0^3   $  $\phi_1(x)=-g \int d^4x_1 d^4x_2 d^4x_3 d^4x_4 G(x-x_1)G(x_1-x_2)G(x_1-x_3)G(x_1-x_4)J(x_2)J(x_3)J(x_4) $  This solution corresponds to the following diagram:  Second order:  $\Box \phi_2 = -3g \phi_0^2\phi_1  $  $\phi_2(x)= 3g^2 \int d^4x_1 d^4x_2 d^4x_3 d^4x_4 d^4x_5 d^4yd^4z  G(x-y)G(y-x_1)G(y-x_2)G(y-z)G(z-x_3)G(z-x_4)G(z-x_5) J(x_1)J(x_2)J(x_3)J(x_4)J(x_5) $ This solution corresponds to the following diagram:  Therefore, we've proved in brute force that up to 2nd order, only tree level diagram make contribution.  However in principle the first order can have the loop diagram, such as  but it really does not occur in above classical calculation.  My question is:   What's the crucial point in classical calculation, which forbids the loop diagram to occur? Because the classical calculation seems similiar with quantum calculation. How to prove the general claim rigorously that loop diagram will not occur in above classical perturbative calculation. How do I compute the normalisation of $A=k[X,Y]/(Y^3 - X^5)$? I'm trying to solve exercise 4.7 in Reid's UCA:  "Find the normalisation of $A=k[X,Y]/(Y^3 - X^5)$."  I can easily show $A$ is not normal: let $x$ and $y$ denote the images of $X$ and $Y$ in $A$. Thus $y^3 = x^5$. So there exists $t=y/x\in\operatorname{Frac} (A)$ which is a root of the monic polynomial $T^3 - x^2 \in A[T]$. But since $t\notin A$, $A$ is not normal.  However, I don't know how to compute the normalisation of $A$; I have not seen dimension theory developed, so  to a similar question doesn't really help me. Similarly I cannot try and apply something like  to a related question, because in this case the map $k[X,Y]\rightarrow k[t]$ sending $X\mapsto t^3, Y\mapsto t^5$ is injective so the image isn't isomorphic to $A$  UCA never really gives a good explanation on how to actually compute normalisations, so I'd be grateful if anyone could walk me through it. Highlight some words of a beamer Posting to friends' wall with Graph API via 'feed' connection failing since Feb 6th 2013 I have association bonus on superuser.com. After that I've started a bounty worst of 50 rep and earned more than 10 rep. Now I have 89 rep (38 of which is earned at superuser which is more than 10) but still not able to answer protected questions.  So, currently new user with 10 rep can answer protected question and I with 89 (38) rep can't.   How does it work now: after registration on new Stack Exchange site you get 101 rep Association Bonus and are able to answer protected questions only when you have 111+ rep on that site. How should it work: after registration on new stackexchange site you get 101 rep Association Bonus and are able to answer protected questions only when you have earned 10+ rep on that site. Performance evaluation of auto.arima in R and UCM on one dataset I started evaluating and comparing some methods in forecasting. I used Price of dozen eggs in US, 1900–1993, in constant dollars in the R software FMA package. I held out the last 10 years for assessment of forecast. Below are the results:  I used auto arima method in the R software. Obviously the results are way off. Am I doing something incorrect ? Below is the forecast. It does not recognize the declining trend.     I also used an unobserved components model (UCM) and obtained a good forecast,  as below.   Without outliers/level shifts there are very large standard errors and therefore wide confidence bands.  After some iterative work, below is the output with outliers/level shifts (I know I'm overfitting here) but it did a pretty good job in forecasting; there are also narrow confidence bands.    In looking at just this example the UCM seems to predict the hold-out sample more accurately than auto.arima.  Why is auto.arima not providing a reasonable forecast?  Are state space models/UCMs better for forecasting long range?  Are there any benefits of using one method over other? How to get text in between two sections? I want to get text in between START &amp; STOP. Remaining text should be deleted, like some_text_1 and some_text_2.  some_text_1 some_text_1 . . . START --- Values that I want to get ... STOP some_text_2 some_text_2   From my findings, sed does similar job, but only oposite, like: sed '/START/,/STOP/d' file which would give me everything else then content in between START &amp; STOP.  Any idea? Is cross-posting a question on multiple Stack Exchange sites permitted if the question is on-topic for each site? It is possible to migrate a question from one Stack Exchange site to another by closing, but if I have a question that I think is on-topic for multiple Stack Exchange sites, is it OK to post it on both (multipost)?   For example, I have a question that's earned me the tumbleweed badge on SO and I'm not sure what the best thing to do with it is. It's about a web server so it might be answerable on Server Fault but it's really more of a programming thing, hence the posting the question on Stack Overflow.    Is there any way to make the question visible on multiple sites (crosspost) and then accept the answer wherever it came from? Is Myopia Reversible/Curable? If I did  \setcounter{chapter}{-1} \chapter{Introduction}   then I get Chapter 0 Introduction. I just want the word Introduction, and I want it also in the contents when I use   \tableofcontents   How can I do that? Is there a way I can inspect my character's face at any point in the game after creating it during the bathroom scene?  I am playing on PlayStation 4 and rotating with the right stick in 3rd-person view obviously does not show the face. I haven't found any mirrors or shiny objects to use the reflection either.  The reason for this is that I forgot what she looks like and also I want to share my monstrous creation with others but I have already left the vault! I think it would be very useful.  I have a question that I have an open bounty on. Putting up said bounty brought my reputation below the point where I am allowed to comment on other peoples' posts. It's so frustrating not to be able to comment and give feedback on the answers given!  Especially since it would be helpful, for them, me, and the readers, to know particularly what is good and isn't good about their answer, and therefore give some better guidelines to future answerers on how they can win the bounty. Best way to find a point on a circle closest to a given point Given a point (pX, pY) and a circle with a known center (cX,cY) and radius (r), what is the shortest amount of code you can come up with to find the point on the circle closest to (pX, pY) ?  I've got some code kind of working but it involves converting the circle to an equation of the form (x - cX)^2 + (y - cY)^2 = r^2 (where r is radius) and using the equation of the line from point (pX, pY) to (cX, cY) to create a quadratic equation to be solved.  Once I iron out the bugs it'll do, but it seems such an inelegant solution. How do I make my textures show in cycles? I am admittedly new to Blender, and of course cycles. I am working on a scene and I have textures set to my objects that render with internal engine just fine. However, when I go into cycles, everything is greyish. I have two light sources that should be sufficient (I think), I just don't know what I'm doing wrong. This is a screenshot of the cycles result. Short sci-fi story of plan devised by marooned spaceship pilot to save paradise world from development Spaceship crashes on beautiful, remote planet. The pilot survives and lives quite well on the beautiful "island paradise" world amongst friendly, good-natured people... but, one day (while relaxing in a hammock near a beach) he "realized he was dying" (actually, that he would eventually die, then being unable to help the people he had come to love). He fears future "discovery" of his adopted world and the inevitable plundering of the resources and people by "developers"... so he devises... "a plan" "convinced island elders to support his plan" "his students taught others" "achieved 80% literacy... a remarkable feat" "established world government" "more generous than developer expected" "successfully argued for independent status" "established 100% taxation rate" "finished resort buildings converted to school" "developer hired to build resort in isolated area"  ...'not having luck finding it... my recollection of the story is good, but apparently not EXACT/searchable phrases How can a CPU deliver more than one instruction per cycle? Information on month old flights Where can I get flight info for a flight a month ago for an insurance claim? Flight stat sites will only show a weeks worth of data. How to retrieve a module's path? I want to detect whether module has changed. Now, using inotify is simple, you just need to know the directory you want to get notifications from.  How do I retrieve a module's path in python?