Suppose, I type the website name www.yahoo.com in my browser. Forward DNS lookup will fetch us the IP address of the server but how does the client (browser) know the port number that the application is running on?
This is a  about DNS/Hostnames resolution to IPs/Ports   Example 1  I'm running a web server on port 80 and another on port 87. I would like to use DNS so that www.example.com goes to port 87. How can I accomplish this using DNS only?  Example 2  I'm running a service on my server on a non-standard port. How can I get clients to connect to this non-standard port automatically? Can I use DNS? Is there some application specific support where DNS could indicate the IP and Port?   Example 3  Do some application protocols specifically support hostname awareness, and allow special actions to be taken based on this information? Are there other questions on Server Fault that cover some of these?  Commandeering: This question was originally asking about running IIS and Apache on the same server, but the same concepts can be applied to any server software receiving connections from clients. The Answers below describe the technical problems and solutions of using DNS and application protocol support to assign a port number for a client to connect.
What is the complexity of finding SHA-1 collisions? Given the , what is the complexity of finding a SHA-1 collision?  Marc Steven's  is still detailing about 260. Does the previous complexity still hold? What did Hisoka do in the Hunter Exam? In the first Hunter Exam of the series (Hisoka's second),  was introduced into the series removing another applicant's arms from his body for bumping into him and not apologizing.    What did he actually do? We know Hisoka's abilities are Bungee Gum and Texture Surprise, but they don't explain how the arms are converting into flower petals as seen above. What to do with an additional answer which IMHO explains only a small portion of the question, while another answer explains more For the apple.stackexchange question  a 2nd answer was given, which relates to the question, but IMHO does not answer a majority portion of the question. Here some details:   The question is about, how to set the PATH variable in a unified manner. The  details how to change the file /etc/launch.conf. It is to note, that changing this file is needed for the overall answer. The author of the answer does make the valid point that, when he searched for, how to change /etc/launch.conf, the question came up. The  does not detail the change of /etc/launch.conf enough.   So, the general problem is: What to do when an additional answer explains only a small (but unique portion) of the question, while an earlier answer explains more (but not what the additional question explains).  Finally, I think I should note that I am the initial asker and poster of the 1st answer. Today, comparing processors is obviously not just looking at the frequency and the number of cores.  When choosing a new PC, how do you compare processors? Is there some resource, like a site or something that does (not necessarily super-precise) processor comparisons?  Thanks. Command/macro name cannot include numbers and symbols I would like put picture into table, and my idea is define new command as below>   \newcommand{\EJ471}{\includegraphics[scale=0.150]{EJ_471.jpg}}   But compiler reports an error. If I use the command name for example \EJa, everything is all right. I've read similar questions as      But still I don't understand why it does not work. What does the tilde before a function name mean in C#? Keyboard shortcut for switching between different keyboard layouts in Ubuntu Mate Is there a pre-assigned keyboard shortcut for switching between different keyboard layouts in Ubuntu Mate? Why does the max aperture change when use Nikon 60mm AF-D Micro on D90 camera? I have found that my Nikon 60mm Micro AF-D changes aperture from 2.8 to 3.2 when used with a D90. I have tried both A and M mode. Is it by design? Why?  I intend to buy  and it will lock the maximum aperture at 2.0 (my guess) instead 2.8. So should I buy it or not, or would it be better to buy the newer 50mm 1.4 AF-S version? Before I start, YES, I have done my own research - I know how annoying a repeat question is. Yet each answer is so specific to others...  When I tried the beta 2.8 64 bit, it says "Blender requires a driver with at least OpenGL 3.3 support. The program will now close."    The question: I know that it is true that 2.8 requires OpenGL 3.3. But does my PC not have it, doesn't support it, or do I have it and blender won't detect it? I'm not sure what info to include or what to look for, so here's my PC's specs:  Windows 10 (64 bit) Core -        Intel Core i5-2400 CPU @ 3.10GHz RAM -         8GB (7.89GB usable) System type - 64-bit Operating System, x64-based processor  Thanks!  EDIT: Graphics properties: What happened to Saruman after he was knifed by Grima? Saruman was one of Maiar, like Gandalf. Meaning that he had a mortal body but presumably, when that body was killed, would simply return back to his ("spirit?") being.  Is there any confirmation from Tolkien that this is indeed what happened after he was knifed by Grima? Or was he somehow completely destroyed since he was de-powered by Gandalf? Derivatives: enter "evaluated at" vertical bar with multiple values as subscripts Sorry for the long title, but how do I enter evaluated at (for a derivative), with multiple valuation criteria at the bottom of the the big | line?  Thanks! What does increased caster level affect? A  adds +1 caster level, what does this affect?   Damage from spells? (Like fireball) Duration and area of effect? "Amount" of effect (Like number of missiles from magic missile) Spells known by a wizard (ie +1 caster level mean a level 2 wizard gets the spells as if they were level 3?) Anything else? How to import Apple Mail archive files in Outlook 2013? I need to import Apple Mail archived files in Outlook 2013 on Windows, but every time I open the import wizard and reach the file selection step, I cannot select the archived file. It doesn't even show in the dialog box.  I don't know what the issue is. Is it the file size issue as the archive file is large (about 7 GB) or there is any other fault? Fundamental group of a torus with points removed Question 5.33 from "Topology and its Applications"  by Baesner is to compute the fundamental group of the torus ($T^2$) with $n$ points removed. I can "see" in my mind that if we remove one point we get a bouquet of two circles. Less clear is what happens when we remove two (or more) points. Any hints? I am looking at the 4-vector treatment of special relativity, but I have had no formal training in Tensor algebra and thus am having difficulty understanding some of the concepts which appear.  One such concept is the notion of contra- and co-variant vectors.  describes a contra-variant vector as varying with the co-ordinates, i.e. the inverse of the reference axes. It gives the example of a change of basis matrix $\mathbf{M}$, and a contra-variant vector $\vec{v}$ and states that in the new set of co-ordinates, we have:  $$\vec{v}'=\mathbf{M}\vec{v}$$  It then states that a covariant vector varies with the co-ordinate axes.     Does this mean that for a covariant vector $\vec{u}$ and change of basis matrix $\mathbf{M}$ we have: $$\vec{u}'=\mathbf{M}^{-1}\vec{u}?$$   I am also having problems understanding the concept of raising and lowering indices. For instance, Wikipedia states that for two four-vectors $\vec{A},\vec{B}$ and using Einstein summation we have:  $$\left\langle \vec{A} \middle|\vec{B} \right\rangle=A^{\mu}B_{\mu}=A_{\nu}B^{\nu}$$  And I am having difficulty understanding how this relates to the other definition of the inner product:  $$\left\langle \vec{A} \middle|\vec{B} \right\rangle =\mathbf{A}^{T}\mathbf{\eta}\mathbf{B}$$  If anyone could help give me a more intuitive understanding of these concepts I would be grateful. I rent a VPS that uses a SSD of 10GB (Debian 7) and I upgraded yesterday to their "second tier" plan that uses a 20GB disk. However, the "one-click-upgrade" process didn't work as I expected and what they did was to move my data to a bigger drive without actually extending the partitions. So now I have 10GB of unallocated space.  I do run around 5 websites on this VPS with mail accounts and all that jazz and I'm very scared to mess up anything so I called their support and they offered to do the job for me for 80 EUR that I find unacceptable since I thought it was included when doing the upgrade. Their older offers from last year used to be just a one click job but the excuse is that "SSD's are different, so it's up to the user".  Anyway, how can I actually do that without screwing things up and is it possible to do that on a "live" system?  I know a couple of commands so here it goes what I could find:  root@vpsxxxxxx:~# df -h Filesystem      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on rootfs          9.9G  7.6G  1.8G  81% / udev             10M     0   10M   0% /dev tmpfs           388M  200K  388M   1% /run /dev/vda1       9.9G  7.6G  1.8G  81% / tmpfs           5.0M     0  5.0M   0% /run/lock tmpfs           775M     0  775M   0% /run/shm /dev/vda1       9.9G  7.6G  1.8G  81% /var/www/clients/client2/web2/log /dev/vda1       9.9G  7.6G  1.8G  81% /var/www/clients/client1/web3/log /dev/vda1       9.9G  7.6G  1.8G  81% /var/www/clients/client3/web5/log /dev/vda1       9.9G  7.6G  1.8G  81% /var/www/clients/client5/web7/log /dev/vda1       9.9G  7.6G  1.8G  81% /var/www/clients/client4/web6/log  root@vpsxxxxxx:~# fdisk -l  Disk /dev/vda: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes 4 heads, 32 sectors/track, 327680 cylinders, total 41943040 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000     Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System /dev/vda1   *        2048    41943039    20970496   83  Linux  root@vpsxxxxxx:~# sfdisk -l  Disk /dev/vda: 41610 cylinders, 16 heads, 63 sectors/track Warning: The partition table looks like it was made   for C/H/S=*/4/32 (instead of 41610/16/63). For this listing I'll assume that geometry. Units = cylinders of 65536 bytes, blocks of 1024 bytes, counting from 0     Device Boot Start     End   #cyls    #blocks   Id  System /dev/vda1   *     16  327679  327664   20970496   83  Linux /dev/vda2          0       -       0          0    0  Empty /dev/vda3          0       -       0          0    0  Empty /dev/vda4          0       -       0          0    0  Empty Installed Ubuntu 13.04 on a Dell laptop I had laying around.  Install goes well but when I'm done, I only get a command line, no GUI at all.  Tried several versions, tried 32 vs 64 bit all give me the same result.  Any ideas on what to do/try? Using the Limit definition to find the derivative of $e^x$ Why do people call their characters "toons"? I've seen that in games like MMORPGs and the Diablo series, where the player has an "arsenal" of several characters, people refer to their characters as "toons".  What is the origin of this term? I have a typical scientific manuscript in a LaTeX .tex file, and I need to convert it to MS Word .doc file.  The reason for having to convert to MS Word is I'm submitting the manuscript to an academic journal and they only accept MS Word (I know...)  The manuscript includes title page, figures, tables, equations (inline and in their own align environment), footnotes, bibliography, and an annex.  The tables are in their own separate tables.tex file, which I include using the \include{tables} command.  Most tables take up a whole landscape page, and were generated sing the package pdflscape.  I am using Windows 7 Professional.    My plan is to use pandoc to go from .tex to .odt, open the latter in Libre Office, and convert to .doc.  I have read a related  but it is too general.  Similarly the examples in the Pandoc  are too simple.  I have played around but I am unable to accomplish what I want.  This is surprising since converting a scientific manuscript is probably the most common use case for Pandoc. Here are some sample failures:  Example 1  I open a command line in the project folder, and execute the following:  pandoc -s document.tex -o document.odt   I get this error message:  pandoc: figure1: openFile: does not exist &lt;no such file or directory&gt;   where figure1 is the name of a figure file (e.g. figure1.png) in the project folder referenced in a line as \includegraphics[width=5.8in]{figure1}.  I suspect pandoc expects a .png extension but not sure how to provide it.  Example 2  Next I try .html, and excute the following:  pandoc -s document.tex -o document.html   The program executes fine.  I open HTML file.  Footnotes are there but figures are missing, tables are displayed as LaTeX, bibliography is missing, in-line math displays well, but math in align environment does not, section labels are displayed, and some other minor issues.  So given that mine is probably a typical use case scenario, my question is this: What commands should I use to get the .odt file I want?  I could not find a fully worked out example on the web.    Here is a specific list of errors.  I'll update how I corrected them based on community suggestions:   Figures not rendering.  Solved by adding .png extension to .tex file in \includegraphics command.  Now figures are included but they are huge, with half of each figure outside the page. No bibliography.  Solved. First, I have one huge consolidated Latex .bib file where I keep all my citations.  I manage it using .  This was giving me problems as I do not keep the cleanest .bib file in town.  So I reduced the problem by using a neat trick in JabRef that allows you to subset your master .bib file using the .aux file generated by Latex when compiling your manuscript.  In JabRef click on Tools > New Subdatabase based on AUX file.  This way I generated a much smaller biblio.bib file with only the articles referenced in my manuscript.  Running pandoc -s document.tex -o document.odt --bibliography=biblio.bib did the trick. Display math. Math in \begin{align} environment displayed in verbatim \latex;  (A partial solution is to use the  Libre Office extension.  Copy and paste the latex math code in the .odt file created by Pandoc into the equation editor, and so on.  Surely this could be built into a macro that can post-process all remaining math.)  UPDATE: Display math works very well using --mathjax extension. Inline math. Inline equation do not always render properly.  Bold math is a problem.  E.g. $\Sigma=\sigma^2\bm{I}$ displays as $\Sigma=\sigma^2\bm{I}$; Labels are displayed (e.g. section labels show as [sec:empirical] blah blah]; All tables display as raw latex.