There are (in real life) many amazing examples of this (Bill Gates, "gates" being the fundament of computers, Tiger "Woods", the greatest ever user of "woods" golf-clubs, etc) and it is a staple of fiction.  Is there a single-word for this, or a frequently-used term?  Note that in fictional usage, I observe there is literal "X", so, for example I just saw a children's movie where "Madame Work" was a taskmaster. However, authors often employ near-literal "X": for example, most of the minor character surnames in Harry Potter are 'kind of" "X".  So, is there an "X" for Bill "Gates", Tiger "Woods", an undertaken named Mr. Death, etc?  Sorry if this has been asked already, I couldn't find it.    Note - I've just found there's a "wikipedia" page claiming 'aptonym' or 'euonym' is sometimes used.  Wikipedia is often valueless, so I do not know if this is a meaningful claim.
I'm looking for a word which indicates that a person has adopted a quality suggested by their name, e.g. a person named Grace who is indeed graceful, or perhaps someone named Shepherd who has become a shepherd.  I have a strong notion that I once learned such a word, but I have forgotten it and have never re-discovered it.
Data   I want operator users on this machine to mount their own cifs shares The sudoers file already contains the /bin/mount -t cifs //*/* /media/* -o username=* command for all operators I want the users to mount a cifs share through a script typing the password only once, not twice. The sudo password and the cifs password are identical.   What I already have  This script works:  #!/bin/bash sudo 'mount -t cifs //192.168.1.1/home /media/$USER/home -o username=$USER'   ...but it requires the users to type the same password twice!     Once for sudo Once for the mount itself   This would also work:  #!/bin/bash echo -n Password:  read -s szPassword echo $szPassword | sudo -S sh -c 'echo $szPassword | mount -t cifs //192.168.1.1/home /media/$USER/home -o username=$USER'   ...but this would require me to allow all operator users to be able to sudo sh (major security problem)  Question  How to mount a cifs share in bash¹ without putting sh in the sudoers file nor creating a permanent/temporary file???  Note 1: no python, perl, C, Go, ... please? Note 2: I know I can just remove the password through the sudoers file, but I'm trying to tighten security, not loosen it, without giving up convenience... Sort order in Windows Explorer The behaviour described below occurs on Windows-7 systems and on Windows XP. We operate in a dual-language environment - English and Hebrew.  When in Windows Explorer we sort files by name, the order in which they are listed is not what we would expect. Here is a list of file names as sorted by Windows Explorer (all of the files have a .pdf suffix):   1G110033H-PP 19C050G-PP-ORB 19C050H-PPRM 19C100H-PPRM 19C-MBPS-PP 19C-MBPS-PP-1 29AAC050-PP 29AAC100-PP 29AAC100-PPUL   29B004064-PP 101AC050-PP 101AC100-PP 101B100-PPE 1091003G-PPFSUL 10108033G-PPSA 10125033H-PPM     It looks to me that first the items are sorted according to the position of the first alphabetic character in the name, and then, within those groups, they are sorted in "normal" alpha-numeric order.  That is, all the files with an alpha character in the first position are on top of the list, followed by those with the first alpha character in the second position, followed by those with the first alpha character in the third position, and so on.  An alternate way of looking at this is that, in a file name composed of numbers and letters, the sort treats the first group of numbers in the name as the major sort node, with the rest of the name being the secondary sort node.  Now that I understand the sequencing logic, it's not a big problem, but I was wondering why this happens? Prove that $n! + k$ is a composite number Can someone please explain the difference between the protected and protected internal modifiers in C#? It looks like their behavior is identical. Refer to an item in `dirs` I use pushd to work with multiple directories in bash and zsh. I've aliased dirs to dirs -v so that I get an ordered list when I want to see what's on the directory stack:  chb$ dirs 0  /Volumes/banister/grosste_daever_gh/2013-03-27/reader 1  /tmp/20130618202713/Library/Internet Plug-Ins 2  ~/code/foo/view/static/css 3  ~/Downloads   Is there a way (either in bash or zsh) that I can refer to one of the directories listed on the command line using an alias for its position on the stack? For example, instead of typing:  chb$ cp ~/code/foo/view/static/css/baz.css ~/code/bar/view/static/css/   I'd type:  chb$ cp &lt;2&gt;baz.css ~/code/bar/view/static/css/   ...or something like that, maybe using a dollar sign and a variable name instead of &lt;n&gt;. Remove suggested apps option in iOS 10 As far as I can tell, suggested apps show themselves based on location.  There are two places where these suggested apps show themselves to me:   At the bottom left of the multitask screen when I double press the home button At the bottom left of the lock screen    article describes how to get rid of the small app icon appearing in the bottom left. However, this method is for iOS 8, and I am now on iOS 10, where I am unable to find iTunes and App Store > Suggested Apps.   How can I get rid of these (in my opinion) annoying little things? Proof of a formula involving Euler's totient function: $\varphi (mn) = \varphi (m) \varphi (n) \cdot \frac{d}{\varphi (d)}$ Is the git storage model wasteful? How to prevent iTerm2 from creating overlaps and broken lines after pasting multiline chunks of text? If I paste multiline chunks of text into iTerm2, I always a get mess of output. It seems limited to only some programs running interactively (such as Bash, IRB - Python / VIM work flawlessly). Using Apple's native Terminal, I can paste whatever I want wherever I want - it works. For example, this sample text ():  echo Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Donec a diam lectus. echo Sed sit amet ipsum mauris. Maecenas congue ligula ac quam viverra nec consectetur ante hendrerit. echo Donec et mollis dolor. Praesent et diam eget libero egestas mattis sit amet vitae augue. echo Nam tincidunt congue enim, ut porta lorem lacinia consectetur. Donec ut libero sed arcu vehicula ultricies a non tortor. echo Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Aenean ut gravida lorem. Ut turpis felis, pulvinar a semper sed, adipiscing id dolor. echo Pellentesque auctor nisi id magna consequat sagittis. Curabitur dapibus enim sit amet elit pharetra tincidunt feugiat nisl imperdiet. echo Ut convallis libero in urna ultrices accumsan. Donec sed odio eros. Donec viverra mi quis quam pulvinar at malesuada arcu rhoncus. [snip]   pasted into IRB produces this in iTerm2:    while it produces this in native Terminal:    I am running the latest versions of OSX and iTerm2. What's going wrong here? Is it possible to make LaTeX mark overfull boxes in the output? Is it possible to make LaTeX mark overfull boxes in the output, for example by drawing red rectangles in the PDF where the boxes overflow? The purpose -- to more easily "see" where the problems are in the output. How do you hide back faces so that you only see faces when its normal is facing the camera? When exporting it for use in a game, the face is rendered in only the direction of its normal, so this would be useful to have something similar. Each  has a compiled cost that contributes towards the  compiled character formula limit.  What are the current compiled costs associated with each formula function? Number of monomials of certain degree $H_1 ,H_2 \unlhd \, G$ with $H_1 \cap H_2 = \{1_G\} $. Prove every two elements in $H_1, H_2$ commute How can I install a Canon printer or scanner driver? I tried to install the MP190 drivers, but appeared a message show me that requires to have libcupsys2. I understand that libcup2 is an update of libcupsys2.   How do I solve this? Are there proprietary drivers for my Canon printer or scanner? I'm level 10 on Pokemon Go. I've caught at least 150 Pokemon, and had no problems. Now, every time I try to catch a Pokemon, no matter the level, it just rolls twice in the pokeball, breaks free, then runs away. Can anyone provide some insight on how to fix this problem? Merge duplicate records into 1 field Proving $v(s,p)=2^{p-1}(2s-1)$ is a bijection of natural numbers and $f(s)=2s-1$ is a bijection between natural numbers and odd numbers. How do I prove this function is bijective? $$ v(s,p)=2^{p-1}(2s-1). $$ The domain is natural numbers and the codomain is also the natural numbers.  And this one: $$ f(s)=2s-1. $$ The domain is the natural numbers, and the codomain is the odd numbers in the natural numbers.  With this one I would do this to show it's injective: $$ \begin{align} v(s)&amp;=v(s_1)\\ \implies 2s-1&amp;=2s_1-1\\ \implies (2s_1)/2&amp;=(2s_2)/2\\ \implies s=s_1 \end{align} $$ So it's injective since if $v(s)=v(s_1)$ then $s=s_1$.  And to show it's surjective $f(s)=y$: $$ \begin{align} y&amp;=2s-1\\ \implies s&amp;=(y+1)/2 \end{align} $$ Then the function must be surjective since every $y$ is the same as the codomain for $f$.  Am I correct? Does the shebang determine the shell which runs the script? This may be a silly question, but I ask it still. If I have declared a shebang  #!/bin/bash    in the beginning of my_shell_script.sh, so do I always have to invoke this script using bash  [my@comp]$bash my_shell_script.sh   or can I use e.g.  [my@comp]$sh my_shell_script.sh   and my script determines the running shell using the shebang? Is it the same happening with ksh shell? I'm using AIX. How can I set default value in ActiveRecord?  I see a post from Pratik that describes an ugly, complicated chunk of code:   class Item &lt; ActiveRecord::Base     def initialize_with_defaults(attrs = nil, &amp;block)     initialize_without_defaults(attrs) do       setter = lambda { |key, value| self.send("#{key.to_s}=", value) unless         !attrs.nil? &amp;&amp; attrs.keys.map(&amp;:to_s).include?(key.to_s) }       setter.call('scheduler_type', 'hotseat')       yield self if block_given?     end   end   alias_method_chain :initialize, :defaults end   I have seen the following examples googling around:    def initialize      super     self.status = ACTIVE unless self.status   end   and    def after_initialize      return unless new_record?     self.status = ACTIVE   end   I've also seen people put it in their migration, but I'd rather see it defined in the model code.  Is there a canonical way to set default value for fields in ActiveRecord model?