I downloaded Ubuntu, but it says the file is damaged and it won't open. Since I've contributed nearly $30 dollars I don't want to pay twice. Please how do I download it again ?
I would like to see a full how-to guide on how to install Ubuntu.
In Harry Potter, Who is Merlin? In Harry Potter, who is Merlin and what is his role in wizarding history?  His contribution to the wizarding history is apparently known from the fact that some special honors are named after him, such as the Order of Merlin (First Class, Second Class and so on...). Did he live around the time of the four founders of Hogwarts? How to avoid the pop up message while downloading an application (.exe) using selenium I am trying to download an application and check if it's downloaded into my local system or not. But when I click the download link I have a popup with Save or Cancel options, which is stopping me from downloading the file. I googled and found some solutions and tried to change the profile of Firefox by adding the below code, but it is not working.  firefoxProfile.setPreference("browser.download.folderList", 2); firefoxProfile.setPreference("browser.download.alertOnEXEOpen", false); firefoxProfile.setPreference("browser.helperApps.neverAsksaveToDisk", "application/x-msexcel,application/excel,application/x-excel,application/excel,application/x-excel,application/excel,application/vnd.ms-excel,application/x-excel,application/x-msexcel"); firefoxProfile.setPreference("browser.download.manager.showWhenStarting", false); firefoxProfile.setPreference("browser.download.manager.focusWhenStarting", false); firefoxProfile.setPreference("browser.helperApps.alwaysAsk.force", false); firefoxProfile.setPreference("browser.download.manager.alertOnEXEOpen", false); firefoxProfile.setPreference("browser.download.manager.closeWhenDone", false); firefoxProfile.setPreference("browser.download.manager.showAlertOnComplete", false); firefoxProfile.setPreference("browser.download.manager.useWindow", false); firefoxProfile.setPreference("browser.download.manager.showWhenStarting", false); firefoxProfile.setPreference("services.sync.prefs.sync.browser.download.manager.showWhenStarting", false);   This is the code I added for setting up Firefox preferences, but I still get the popup. Can I put \fbox along the diagonal so that they touch each other? I just saw Death in Paradise Season 5 Episode 3, which features a photographer using a DSLR to shoot a fashion runway performance.  He had a flash that was a ring around the lens.   I thought that was for macro shots only, where the extreme close-up has trouble with normal flash placement.  For normal photos you want the flash far from the lens, like on a boom on a separate handle framing the camera.  I've seen some recent trendiness in having ring-shaped catch lights, but I supposed those would be positioned in the normal manner: off-angle from the lens.  I suppose if an on-camera had any effect at all it would be for some subtle fill flash.  Is this a realistic thing to see from a pro? Or is it just a cool-looking prop that doesn't really fit the situation? Sending email in .NET through Gmail Instead of relying on my host to send an email, I was thinking of sending the email messages using my Gmail account. The emails are personalized emails to the bands I play on my show.   Is it possible to do it? Why is Apache executing .php.html files as PHP? I have an odd problem...I'm using a documentation generator which generates a lot of output like docs/foo.php.html. It's XHTML, and thus contains &lt;?xml...&gt; tags at the beginning of file. The problem is, Apache has somehow decided to run it through the PHP interpreter, even though ".php" appears in the middle of the filename, and not at the end. This, in turn, triggers a PHP error, because it sees "&lt;?" as the command to start executing PHP code, and immediately gets confused by the "xml..." which follows it.  How do I configure Apache to ONLY execute .php files and not .php.html files? The string "php.html" does not appear explicitly anywhere in my Apache config files. There is a line "AddHandler php5-script .php", but I don't see how that would also include ".php.html" files. Package Cache File corrupted From advice on  , I've opened a new question about the same issue, as it turned out my problem was not the one described in the question, information I did not know at the time. I'm running Ubuntu 16.04.  $ sudo apt-get update  Hit:1 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial InRelease Get:2 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates InRelease [102 kB] Get:3 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-backports InRelease [102 kB] Get:4 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security InRelease [102 kB] Get:5 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/main amd64 DEP-11 Metadata [307 kB] Get:6 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/main DEP-11 64x64 Icons [226 kB] Get:7 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/universe amd64 DEP-11 Metadata [185 kB] Get:8 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/universe DEP-11 64x64 Icons [268 kB] Get:9 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/multiverse amd64 DEP-11 Metadata [5,888 B] Get:10 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-backports/main amd64 DEP-11 Metadata [3,324 B] Get:11 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-backports/universe amd64 DEP-11 Metadata [4,712 B] Get:12 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security/main amd64 DEP-11 Metadata [62.7 kB] Get:13 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security/main DEP-11 64x64 Icons [71.2 kB] Get:14 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security/universe amd64 DEP-11 Metadata [51.3 kB] Get:15 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security/universe DEP-11 64x64 Icons [85.1 kB] Fetched 1,578 kB in 1s (1,529 kB/s)                                     Reading package lists... Error! E: Read error - read (5: Input/output error) W: You may want to run apt-get update to correct these problems E: The package cache file is corrupted   If there's any more information you need, don't hesitate to ask in the comments.  Edit 1:  $ sudo df -h Filesystem      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on udev            5.9G     0  5.9G   0% /dev tmpfs           1.2G  9.4M  1.2G   1% /run /dev/sda1       135G  7.2G  121G   6% / tmpfs           5.9G   14M  5.9G   1% /dev/shm tmpfs           5.0M  4.0K  5.0M   1% /run/lock tmpfs           5.9G     0  5.9G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup tmpfs           1.2G   88K  1.2G   1% /run/user/1000 /dev/sdb1       932G  300G  633G  33% /media/adoria298/MDrive1   Edit 2 SMART Test results: My usb mouse sleeps after 5 seconds of inactivity when running on battery power. It wakes uo again when i press any button on the mouse. This is really annoying.  I have made lsusb, and I noticed my mouse is   Bus 001 Device 012: ID 04d9:2083 Holtek Semiconductor, Inc.  I have checked my /sys/bus/usb/devices/usb1/power/autosuspend but it is already set to 0, and the directory usb1 has many subdirectories which also have autosuspend files, and i dont know how to edit them.  Also, I would like a permanent solution, which would work for any mouse, on any of my 3 usb ports. Any ideas?  Using: Ubuntu 12.04 64bit I installed Windows 7, which ate Ubuntu's boot file. When starting up the computer, it now goes straight to Windows, without giving me the option of booting Ubuntu.   How can I get Ubuntu back? How do gas molecules constantly bounce without losing energy? From a related question (), i asked myself this: How do gas molecules constantly bounce off each other without losing energy?  If you drop a ball, it bounces a bunch of times, but the height of each bounce gets shorter and shorter. Because it loses energy in each bounce.  So I don't see how a pressurized gas doesn't lose energy. As I understand it, pressure is a manifestation of lots of molecules bouncing off each other. So over time, shouldn't the pressure drop as the molecules lose speed? and eventually all the molecules will settle in a pile on the floor.  I think another way to phrase this is, how do elastic collisions not lose any energy in the exchange? My understanding of the 2nd law of thermodynamics is that some energy is always "lost" when it's converted from one form to another, or transferred from one object to another. I.e., no transfer/conversion of energy is ever 100% efficient. How can I add an empty directory to a Git repository? How can I add an empty directory (that contains no files) to a Git repository? From the TV Show Krypton, Dru-Zod is the son of Seg-El and Lyta-Zod. In S02E05 'A better yesterday', Lyta-Zod's throat gets slit by Jax-Ur leading to Lyta's death. How is Dru-Zod still alive? Shouldn't he be wiped from existence? Wave states with great confidence that Incursio is weaker than Grand Chariot, because Incursio was a prototype for Grand Chariot, etc.  The early clashes between Wave and Tatsumi can lead the viewer to such conclusion, but Incursio's has the ability to evolve (from the beast it was made of), while Grand Chariot doesn't.  If you watched to the finale, we can see that      Tatsumi causes Incursio to evolve so much during the fight against Shikoutazer that it even gains the ability to fly. While it is enough to defeat the emperor, unfortunately not enough to save Tatsumi's life.   Considering this, I don't think that Incursio was the weaker one. Is it so? We built our eCommerce web site using Angular as a single page application.  We have implemented a spinner that runs until the page is responding with the expected content. We have some category pages which were crawled and indexed by Google but which are no longer available on the site. What is the best practice for old pages?  Should I create &quot;404 Not Found&quot; pages for them instead of saying &quot;loading&quot; forever? Is setting a no index meta tag enough? PHP import Excel into database (xls & xlsx) My table is:     id home datetime player resource     1 10 04/03/2009 john 399   2 11 04/03/2009 juliet 244   5 12 04/03/2009 borat 555   3 10 03/03/2009 john 300   4 11 03/03/2009 juliet 200   6 12 03/03/2009 borat 500   7 13 24/12/2008 borat 600   8 13 01/01/2009 borat 700     I need to select each distinct home holding the maximum value of datetime. Result would be:     id home datetime player resource     1 10 04/03/2009 john 399   2 11 04/03/2009 juliet 244   5 12 04/03/2009 borat 555   8 13 01/01/2009 borat 700     I have tried: -- 1 ..by the MySQL manual:   SELECT DISTINCT   home,   id,   datetime AS dt,   player,   resource FROM topten t1 WHERE datetime = (SELECT   MAX(t2.datetime) FROM topten t2 GROUP BY home) GROUP BY datetime ORDER BY datetime DESC  Doesn't work. Result-set has 130 rows although database holds 187. Result includes some duplicates of home. -- 2 ..join  SELECT   s1.id,   s1.home,   s1.datetime,   s1.player,   s1.resource FROM topten s1 JOIN (SELECT   id,   MAX(datetime) AS dt FROM topten GROUP BY id) AS s2   ON s1.id = s2.id ORDER BY datetime   Nope. Gives all the records. -- 3 ..something exotic:   With various results. How do I get the feature id after featureAdded signal (PyQGIS)? I'm trying to make an edit form in QGIS (Python code) ,and i want after feature drawing to get the id, and the feature to be selected. Do you have any ideas to do that?  Tried so far:  self.iface.activeLayer().featureAdded.connect(self.myfonction)  def myfonction(self):      for feat in self.iface.activeLayer().getFeatures():         self.iface.activeLayer().setSelectedFeatures([feat.id()]) Configure HAProxy to include host headers for different backends I am exploring the use of HAProxy as a balancer in front of a set of web apis that run on IIS.   node1.myapp.mycompany.com node2.myapp.mycomapny.com   We are currently using Host Headers to correctly resolve the right web application on IIS.  For example, we may have otherapp.mycompany.com running on the same server/port, but using Host Headers IIS knows which one to serve up.  My initial attempt at HAProxy left me with 404 errors, because I was not including the host headers in my request, and so IIS was serving back the default site bound to the given IP, and not resolving by host name.    The fix left me with something like this:  frontend localnodes     bind *:80     mode http     default_backend nodes  backend nodes     mode http     balance roundrobin     option forwardfor     reqirep ^Host: Host:\ node1.myapp.mycompany.com     server web01 node1.myapp.mycompany.com:80   This works great for a single backend, but I am left scracthing my head on how to include the correct host headers depending on which backend is serving up the request:  backend nodes     mode http     balance roundrobin     option forwardfor     reqirep ^Host: Host:\ node1.myapp.mycompany.com     server web01 node1.myapp.mycompany.com:80     server web02 node2.myapp.mycompany.com:80   The above does not work whenever node2 is used because it doesn't resolve correctly in IIS (node2 in this case is on a different server, and therefore different IP.  In fact, if they were running on the same server/ip I suspect the request work "work", but they would all be served by node1 per the host header).     Is it possible to set the host based on the url of the backend used to serve up the request? If so, this implies my checks also need to provide the correct host header based on backend, how would that be done?   Edit: Am using HA-Proxy version 1.7.9 2017/08/18  Let me give this just a little more background.  We used to have just myapp.mycompany.com serving up api requests.  We need to expand it.  Our clients will still call myapp.mycompany.com, but that will just point to the HAProxy, which will balance it out to node1.myapp.mycompany.com and node2.myapp.mycompany.com.  Our current server configurations have us binding a single IP address on each server, so we use host headers to resolve. In C, are arrays pointers or used as pointers? What is taking up so much space on my disk, beside the filesystem? I have only one disk in my computer, a 80 GB SSD. It is formatted as a single ext4 partition (no swap), and all the usual folders are installed on it (I keep lots of data on external media, but /home and all the rest is on the SSD).   Today I booted it and I got a message that the drive is full. I opened Disk Usage Analyzer to look at what takes up space. It insists that 67.8 GB of the disk are used, and that / is taking up 36.4 GB. Which leads to the question, where are the missing 30 GB, if not on the file system?!    Just to have a comparison, I added up all the sizes of all readable folders listed in Nautilus as subfolders of / (including the hidden ones). I got 20.9 GB. Trash was unreadable, but I know it has 16.2 GB, so the sum is 36.1 GB, around the same as what Disk Usage Analyzer is reporting. There were some system folders which were unreadable, like proc, but I doubt that they add up to 30 GB - else it wouldn't be possible to install Ubuntu on small disks, and I've seen it run on 2.5 GB. I think they must be the 0.3 GB difference between my calculation and the Disk Usage Analyzer's report.   So I'd like to know, what is eating up these 30 GB and how do I get it to free them?     Edit with answers to CYREX's questions   Booted from Ubuntu 10.10 64-bit live CD (same as my system).  fsck result:   root@ubuntu:~# fsck /dev/sda1 fsck from util-linux-ng 2.17.2 e2fsck 1.41.12 (17-May-2010) /dev/sda1: clean, 265956/4890624 files, 18073343/19537408 blocks  Booted from the SSD. Emptied the trash, and the 16 GB from there are now free. The 30 GB are still missing.    I'm not experienced enough to know what counts as weird in a log. Here are my messages log and my syslog since last boot. Maybe you can find something in them:       Here it got really strange. I plugged in an external 500 GB HDD. Disk Usage Analyzer overreported the available space, then showed space missing (76 GB used, but only 24 in folders).      Booted again from the LiveCD, started the Disk Usage Analyzer from it and got the same results as from the installed Ubuntu, within 1-2 GB.   Edit with answer to CodeMonk:  That would have been a nice solution, but the partition is really 80 GB - I mean 74 GB + marketing "error", anyway the whole disk is formatted. It also shows that over 50 GB are used, so where are the 30 GB if not in files and folders?    GParted also reports the correct size of the external HDD.