Assume that we use logistic regression with a given regression function r(x) for each sample vector x. Is is true that if we have infinite samples, we have r(x) = log(p(x)) - log(q(x)) where p(x) is the probability that vector x has label 1 and q(x) is the probability that vector x has label -1. In other words, the regression function asymptotically gives the difference of log probabilities in the two classes.
I would like to understand a couple of fact on maximum likelihood estimators (MLEs) for logistic regressions.   Is it true that, in general, the MLE for logistic regression is biased? I would say "yes". I know, for example, that sample dimension is related to the asymptotic bias of MLEs.   Do you know any elementary examples of this phenomenon? If the MLE is biased, is it true that the covariance matrix of the MLEs is the inverse of the Hessian of the maximum likelihood function?   edit: I have met this formula quite often and without any proof; it seems a quite arbitrary choice to me.
Browse for Servers does not display local instance I am animating a Rubik's cube, and as soon as I get to the second rotation the blocks that have previously been rotated start tripping out even though it should have been reset. I tried making the graph linear which fixed a lagging issue I had, but the blocks still start to spin instead of rotating around a single axis. Open Windows Terminal as admin with WIN+R Why don't std::algorithms work directly on containers as well? How do I iterate over a range of numbers defined by variables in Bash? How do I iterate over a range of numbers in Bash when the range is given by a variable?  I know I can do this (called "sequence expression" in the Bash ):   for i in {1..5}; do echo $i; done   Which gives:     1    2    3    4    5   Yet, how can I replace either of the range endpoints with a variable? This doesn't work:  END=5 for i in {1..$END}; do echo $i; done   Which prints:     {1..5} What factors determine enemy levels or: How do enemy levels scale to the player character's? How to setup synctex with vim, pdflatex and an open-source PDF-viewer under Linux? How to avoid pressing Enter with getchar() for reading a single character only? Do users get notifications when @ was edited in Can you transfer a Windows 7 XP-mode VHD to a new PC without the need for reactivation? At the moment I am running Vista 32 bit and use VPC 2007 a lot. I have several Windows 2000 Virtual Machines set up with complex software configurations. For me, one of the advantages of working with VPCs is that a Virtual Machine can easily be copied to another PC (like a notebook). Also, when I move to a new PC, I can immediately work with my existing Virtual Machines without the need to reinstall all applications.   I am thinking about buying a new pc with Windows 7 64 bit pro, and using the XP-Mode Virtual Machine that comes with Windows 7. The advantages would be support for more memory (so being able to run more Virtual Machines simultaneously) and having a licenced XP Virtual Machine.  I would like to know if you can transfer a VHD that is based on the XP-mode VHD to another machine without Activation issues. The other machine will of course, also be running Windows 7. I would guess that this would not be a problem.   However, I did read about a guy who had to reinstall his Windows 7 because of a harddisk failure, and could not access his XP-mode VHD anymore because it demanded re-activation.  So can you transfer a Windows 7 XP-mode VHD to a new PC without the need for reactivation? $IS \mid JS$ implies that $I\mid J$ where $I$ and $J$ are ideals of a number ring contained in another number ring $S$ Move incoming Outlook emails to folder containing previous conversation I file email conversations in various folders. But every new email in that conversation goes to inbox, so I have to manually move it to the folder that contains the rest of the conversation. Is there a way for Outlook to do this automatically with all new emails?  What I want: Outlook will do the following automatically as long as it's running:   For all unread emails in inbox... ...if email is not the first in the conversation, search for folders where that conversation is stored. If found, move the new unread email to the first* folder it finds (except for Inbox, Trash, or Sent). Optionally: If there is more than one folder containing messages in the same conversation, then do nothing.   **If there is more than one folder containing messages in the same conversation, then do nothing*. (This extra rule is not necessary if it complicates the solution too much)  Thanks! The diagonalizable matrices are not dense in the square real matrices This has come up    : migrating old questions causes problems.   The most popular solution to this to date has been to . This is do-able, but frankly it feels like treating a symptom, and doing so in a way that penalizes folks who answer what are by all appearances valid, on-topic questions.   Migration works best as a way to salvage good but off-topic questions and give them new life on a site where they can thrive. But shuffling old, answered, on-topic questions around for the hell of it is a waste of everyone's time.   Therefore, I think the real solution is much simpler: just disable the migration of old questions. They're rarely welcomed or heavily improved post-migration, often overtly disliked by folks on the destination site, and can end up causing a rather bad experience for folks who were participating in good faith on the original.   I suggest that questions older than 601 days should not be eligible for migration, either by normal user close-votes or by moderators. In extreme cases, we can perhaps provide an alternate means of moving old questions, but under normal circumstances these should be done quickly or not at all.   1 60 days is actually based on a  introduced this past spring: migrated and then rejected questions older than 60 days cause the authors to suddenly gain (permanent) reputation on the destination. Vanishing of Taylor series coefficient Raise all windows with a specific title I'm trying to find a way to raise all the windows that have one, specific title.  For example, I have two windows named superconky (yes, you guessed it, I'm trying to get conky running in lubuntu).  I have a command I got from the LXDE forums: sh -c 'wmctrl -k on; wmctrl -a superconky;'  I use it to show the desktop, except conky. It works perfectly, but only if you have one conky. If you have two or more, you get left with one and all the others minimized.  So, what should I do to raise all the windows?  Thanks in advance. why does files (nautilus) open a new window although there's one already open? When I click on "files" in the launcher it opens another window although the normal action is to maximize the window already open. It doesn't always do that. Is it a bug? How to change the default fonts in Windows 10 I have read the entries for other OS versions.    Changing the MS Shell Dlg (2) entries in FontSubstitues registry key doesn't seem to work (in Windows 10), or it works in two minor places.  I don't have access to a Windows 95/98/etc. machine, the "earliest" I have is Windows 8.1, so I can't use the Plus directory trick either (directory doesn't exist). For the WindowMetrics registry entry, I seem to have all the *Font keys to be set to the font I want, but that doesn't seem to be doing the trick (on Windows 10). For Windows 8/8.1, there was a program called Windows 8 Font Changer, which worked like a charm, but doesn't seem to on Windows 10 (though it was probably that program run that changed the fonts in the WindowMetrics).   Thanks.   Update: One more method that came out that is perhaps still not the solution: Winaero Tweaker (winaero.com), as it has some issues, the biggest two of which seem to be:   If you have changed the size of text etc. from: "Settings –> Display –> Advanced display settings –> Advanced sizing of text and other items –> set a custom scaling level (not recommended)", the changes do not stick upon a logoff-login or restart. You need to have changed it, if at all, only through "Settings –> Display –> Change the size of text, etc." (which goes up to only a certain percentage, depending on the maximum resolution of your device – 125% on a tablet of mine, which I was able to set to 175% or even 200% with the other, older method that is now apparently listed as not recommended).  Even though it lists a number of items to change the font and size of, not everything gets changed. A typical example of this is the right click menu on the desktop, which still shows the View, Sort By, etc. items in the default font, however much it has a clear 'Change menu font' item. Universal type tranformer in Haskell Passing data between two controllers using storyboards