I'm new to shell scripts and i use the below code to run a spring boot, however i need to have a progress bar to show the progress of starting the application.  I have tried with echo "waiting to start" but need to have a progress bar to show.  cd /var/develop/eureka-discovery-services/target pwd java -jar eureka-discovery-services.jar &amp; while ! nc -z localhost 5001 ; do echo "Waiting to start"    sleep 2 done  cd /cd /var/develop/api-services/target pwd java -jar api-services.jar &amp; while ! nc -z localhost 6001 ; do echo "Waiting to start"    sleep 2 done echo "All services started Successfully !!!"
When scripting in bash or any other shell in *NIX, while running a command that will take more than a few seconds, a progress bar is needed.  For example, copying a big file, opening a big tar file.  What ways do you recommend to add progress bars to shell scripts?
Is there a simple way to add exFAT support? When I insert a USB stick or camera flash card I get the following error:  unknown filesystem type 'exfat'   Is there a simple way to add exFAT support to Ubuntu without kernel patching? Insert image from Google Drive into Google Sheets How do I insert/link to images existing in a folder in Google Drive into a Google Sheets spreadsheet?  There is the image() function, I imagine using it something like this:  image("googledrive://somefodleringoogledrivewithmypics/pic_1.png")   How?  Update: Some people noted that by uploading pictures to Picasa, we can then get the URL of each picture and use that. It works. The downside of this is that we have to copy each and every URL of all images. I put that in a separate sheet, then use VLOOKUP to get each image URL per index. It works but the URL copying part is a hell of a job if you have lots of images of course. A better solution is needed. How do I delete my entire Stack Exchange account? Stack Exchange seems to have made it impossible to delete accounts. I can delete the accounts from other individual sites like Ask Ubuntu, but I can't delete the main account on stackexchange.com. I want to be rid of Stack Exchange completely! I don't want a Stack Exchange account whatsoever! I really don't like Stack Exchange and I want nothing to do with it. Please help me delete my stackexchange.com account! How do you read C declarations? I have heard of some methods, but none of them have stuck. Personally I try to avoid complex types in C and try to break them into component typedef.  I'm now faced with maintaining some legacy code from a so called 'three star programmer', and I'm having a hard time reading some of the ***code[][].  How do you read complex C declarations? Covering map between orientable compact connected surfaces without boundary with genus $g$ Similar to a previous question I asked, this is the other question that I couldn't answer in an exam I gave for my Topology course:  Suppose $g_1,g_2$ are non-negative integers such that $2-2g_2$ divideds $2-2g_1$. I have to construct a covering map $S_{g_1} \rightarrow S_{g_2}$, where $S_g$ is denotes an orientable compact connected surface without boundary with genus $g$.  Now, I attempted to try this problem for surfaces with smaller genera, for example a 2-torus and a 2-sphere. Clearly $2-2g$ is the Euler Characteristic of the said surface, and by classification of surfaces we have to only consider connected sum of 2-tori. So, I have $\chi(S^2)=2$, and $\chi(T^2) = 0$, here we have $2$ dividing $0$, hence I have to construct a covering map from $T^2 \rightarrow S^2$, and I have no idea how to move forward.  Addendum: I have to got great answers to my question here but I had a doubt when it comes to the points being mapped, specifically in Giulio Bresciani's answer. Clearly the handles of the figure is mapped to the handles in the figure above, but I'm unable to understand the mapping of the twist of the cover (above figure) to the extreme handles of the base (the figure below). Any help? Does anyone know of a simple Image Editor, with functionality comparable to ,  for Ubuntu?  I've always found GIMP to be overkill and too complicated for what I want to do. How to prevent mail from our website going into spam mail of users? I work for an educational services company based in India. We've around one million students enrolled as users. We're frequently facing the problem of our bulk mailers regarding upcoming exams, new product launches and promotions going into spam mail folders of the students. Is the problem in the headlines? Or where else? what can we do to reduce this number?   This is killing us, we cannot have an impossibly large precentage of mails not being opened..Please help. Example (note the case):  string s = "Hello world!"; String s = "Hello world!";   What are the guidelines for the use of each? And what are the differences? Compilers and argument order of evaluation in C++ Conditional Expectation of Composite Function Preliminaries  Let $(\Omega, \mathcal{G}, \mathbb{P})$ be a complete probability space.  Let $D$ be a complete, separable, metrizable topological space with Borel $\sigma$-algebra $\mathcal{B}(D)$ (such as $D = \mathbb{R}^q$ with $\sigma$-algebra $\mathcal{B}(D) = \mathcal{B}(\mathbb{R}^d)$).  Let $\mathbb{R}$ be equipped with its canonical Borel $\sigma$-algebra $\mathcal{B}(\mathbb{R})$.  Let $g: \Omega \times D \rightarrow \mathbb{R}$ be a bounded $(\mathcal{G} \otimes \mathcal{B}(D) ) / \mathcal{B}(\mathbb{R})$-measurable function.  Let $\Pi: \Omega \rightarrow D$ be a $\mathcal{G}/\mathcal{B}(D)$-measurable random variable.  Let $H : \Omega \rightarrow \mathbb{R}$ be a $\mathcal{G}/\mathcal{B}(\mathbb{R})$-measurable random variable, defined by $$ H(\omega) := g(\omega, \Pi(\omega)).$$ Note, that, since $g$ is bounded, we have $H \in \mathcal{L}^2(\Omega, \mathcal{G}, \mathbb{P})$.  Let $j: D \rightarrow \mathcal{L}^2(\Omega, \mathcal{G}, \mathbb{P}) $ be defined by $$ j(\pi)(\omega) := g(\omega, \pi)  $$  For all $\pi \in D$, let $j(\pi)$ be independent of $\Pi$.  Question  I am interested in the conditional expectation $$\mathbb{E}[H \mid \Pi] :\Omega \rightarrow \mathbb{R}$$ of $H$ with respect to $\Pi$. More specifically, I suspect that (a $\mathbb{P}$-unique version of) this condititional expectation is given by  $$ \mathbb{E}[H \mid \Pi] (\omega) = \mathbb{E}[j(\Pi(\omega))], \quad (\dagger)  $$ whereby $\mathbb{E}[j(\Pi(\omega))]$ can of course also be written as $$\mathbb{E}[j(\Pi(\omega))] = \int_{\Omega} j(\Pi(\omega))(\tilde{\omega}) d\mathbb{P}(\tilde{\omega}) . $$  How can I prove, that $(\dagger)$ is the case? I have tried, tracking the definition of conditional expectation and using Fubini, but with little success so far.  Thanks for any advice! Best way to go from T1 to T2 in Mumbai Vector spaces for the irreducible representations of the Lorentz Group EDIT:  The vector space for the $(\frac{1}{2},0)$ Representation is $\mathbb{C}^2$ as mentioned by Qmechanic in the comments to his answer below! The vector spaces for the other representations remain unanswered.  The definition of a representation is a map (a homomorphism) to the space of linear operators over a vector space. My question is: What are the corresponding vector spaces for the   $(0,0)$ Representation $(\frac{1}{2},0)$ Representation  $(0,\frac{1}{2})$ Representation $(\frac{1}{2},0) \oplus (0,\frac{1}{2}) $ Representation $(\frac{1}{2},\frac{1}{2})$ Representation infinite dimensional Representation? How do you make your own agar.io skins? I have noticed recently that people have their own skins. Not like the ones where you type in a specific nickname and it gives you a skin but where the people make their own. How do you do it? nodejs vs node on ubuntu 12.04 Is it possible to make a sequence of renders and give the user the option to cancel the process through the UI at any given time? Find the expansion for $\det(I+\epsilon A)$ where $\epsilon$ is small without using eigenvalue. Multiple regression or partial correlation coefficient? And relations between the two I don't even know if this question makes sense, but what is the difference between multiple regression and partial correlation (apart from the obvious differences between correlation and regression, which is not what I am aiming at)?  I want to figure out the following: I have two independent variables ($x_1$, $x_2$) and one dependent variable ($y$). Now individually the independent variables are not correlated with the dependent variable. But for a given $x_1$ $y$ decreases when $x_2$ decreases. So do I analyze that by means of multiple regression or partial correlation?  edit to hopefully improve my question: I am trying to understand the difference between multiple regression and partial correlation. So, when $y$ decreases for a given $x_1$ when $x_2$ decreases, is that due to the combined effect of $x_1$ and $x_2$ on $y$ (multiple regression) or is it due to removing the effect of $x_1$ (partial correlation)? Choosing power supply, how to get the voltage and current ratings? How do I change "Show Applications" button on GNOME 3 dash? I'm using Ubuntu with GNOME desktop.   I was wondering how to change the "Show Applications" button icon on the dash? Short story about interstellar travel gone wrong Trying to find a story I read a couple of years ago in an anthology, not sure when the story dates from but likely to be recent - the last decade or so.   The story has passengers travelling between stars via a series of jumps. The calibration of the drive is affected by a special metal, any of which has to be stored in a shielded compartment (I think the jumps were measured in 'degrees'). One of the passengers unwittingly takes some of this metal on board, which throws off the calculations for the jumps, and they jump into an alternative universe where there are no signs of any humans ever existing. They start to try to reverse their steps to get back to the known universe, but the reverse calculation seems impossible.  That's as much as I read of the story before I lost the book. After many dreams (feverish nightmares!) re-living this story, I need to know how it ends. I know it's not much to go on. The story name, author, or the anthology it appears in would be fantastic.