FOr example, in linux you can boot to a terminal, you don't have to load a desktop, window manager, etc. Is there something like this in Mac OS X? And like in Linux, is it possible to switch to one of these from in the desktop?
Is there something like Linux console in Mac OS X? Like "terminal", but without running graphics environment.
I have this problem as part of a school assignment:  NOTE: In case it's hard to read in the image above, here's the directory tree: $ tree . `-- sample_dir1     `-- sample_dir         |-- admin         |-- cambridge         |   |-- cafeteria         |   |-- library         |   `-- security         |       |-- annex         |       |-- building         |       `-- parking         |-- faculty         |-- history.exe         |-- markham         |   |-- annex         |   |-- building1         |   `-- parking         |-- oxford         |   |-- outline.doc         |   |-- programming         |   |   `-- report.pdf         |   `-- security         `-- stenton             |-- gen_ed             `-- lib_arts                 |-- english.txt                 `-- match.doc  15 directories, 11 files  I tried doing the command: $ cp ../cambridge/security/parking ./parking2  ...but it isn't working. The question in the image above states that the current directory is stenton, and that we need to make a copy of the file named parking (from the security directory), and to name the new file parking2, and place it in the current directory, stenton, using relative pathnames. What am I doing wrong? My cp command seems to be correct. Does the artificer's Enhanced Weapon stack on top of hexblade's Improved Pact Blade? I play a hexblade warlock with an Improved Pact Blade longsword. I like the idea of the eldritch tinkerer, who builds his patron's gifts into his gadgets, which fits in a warlock/artificer multiclass. The artificer's Enhanced Weapon infusion would be very nice with the warlock if it stacks with the Improved Pact Blade bonuses, but I can't tell if it does from the class descriptions. Do these features stack, or do I need to rethink this build? Change the URL in the browser without loading the new page using JavaScript How would I have a  action that may have some effects on the current page but would also change the URL in the browser so if the user hits reload or bookmark, then the new URL is used?    It would also be nice if the back button would reload the original URL.  I am trying to record JavaScript state in the URL. Proof that the set of all possible curves is of cardinality $\aleph_2$? I am reading George Gamow's book  and a certain assertion Gamow makes seems a little startling considering what I already know of the subject of infinite cardinality.     But the number of all geometrical points, though larger than the number of integer and fractional numbers, is not the largest one known to mathematicians. In fact it was found the variety of all possible curves, including those of the most unusual shapes, has a larger membership than the collection of all geometric points, and thus has to be described by the third number in the infinite sequence. [Gamow, 22]   He later does explicitly say the number of all possible curves is $\aleph_2$. But nowhere else can I find reference to this being true, nor does he provide any sort of reasoning to its validity.  My question is how can you prove the set of all possible curves is of cardinality $\aleph_2$ and not $\aleph_1$ or $\aleph_0$? What's the deal with a leading underscore in PHP class methods? While looking over various PHP libraries I've noticed that a lot of people choose to prefix some class methods with a single underscore, such as  public function _foo()   ...instead of...  public function foo()   I realize that ultimately this comes down to personal preference, but I was wondering if anyone had some insight into where this habit comes from.  My thought is that it's probably being carried over from PHP 4, before class methods could be marked as protected or private, as a way of implying "do not call this method from outside the class".  However, it also occurred to me that maybe it originates somewhere (a language) I'm not familiar with or that there may be good reasoning behind it that I would benefit from knowing.  Any thoughts, insights and/or opinions would be appreciated. Where's the BIOS on an Intel Mac? this is a follow up to the problem described .  I have the same problem and the proposed solution does not completely solve the problem. I mean, it does solve the problem but also creates another one. The new problem is that the theorems, lemmas and the rest are placed in such as way that they are not cut (of course), but this leaves then big empty spaces in many pages. So the problem is that, the problem described  does not seem to be fully resolved using the nocut option.   Do you any of you have a good idea on how to solve this?  Thanks! My Bash Prompt is currently setting the xterm titlebar using the following sequence:  PS1='\033]0;\u@\h&gt;\w\007'   Is there an easy way to display the current command in the titlebar. For example, if I am tailing a file using tail -f foo.log, I want my titlebar to say tail -f foo.log. On the , there is this line:      $p(\mathrm{height}|\mathrm{male}) = 1.5789$ (A probability distribution over 1 is OK. It is the area under the bell curve that is equal to 1.)    How can a value $&gt;1$ be OK? I thought all probability values were expressed in the range $0 \leq p \leq 1$. Furthermore, given that it is possible to have such a value, how is that value obtained in the example shown on the page? I'm currently trying to extract textures from a binary file, and ideally I'd like to save each texture to a file or embed in the .blend file. However, before saving an image, I need to be able to create an image in memory from an array of pixel data.  The PIL library contains the kinds of functions I need to use, but it is not included with Blender. Is there anything similar to PIL in Blender? bpy.ops.image seems to be close to what I need, but lacks necessary pixel set/manipulation functions. Discrete mathematics - Find all integer solutions of the equation $a^2+ b^2 + c^2=a^2 b^2$. Find all integer solutions of the equation $a^2+ b^2 + c^2=a^2 b^2$.  This is one of the questions we presented in one session to contest preparation PUTNAM. It turns out that I can't get from the problem. Could someone just give me a hint? (Please, don't give me the answer. Simply, an argument that can help me advance in the problem or theorem might suffice.) If photon energies are continuous and atomic energy levels are discrete, how can atoms absorb photons? If photon energies are continuous and atomic energy levels are discrete, how can atoms absorb photons? The probability of a photon having just the right amount of energy for an atomic transition is $0$. What does it "they like me for me" mean? How can I explain to people that the phrase “off of ” is grammatically incorrect? How can I explain to people that the phrase off of is grammatically incorrect?  I‘ve heard this phrase used a lot, especially by Americans (though they aren't the only ones).    In my understanding, off of should usually be replaced by off, as in,     I took the book off the shelf   as opposed to     I took the book off of the shelf   Am I wrong?  Or is there perhaps some simple way I can explain this to most people? I've used "//" and "\" to create this "W", and have made them into outlines, as I'm trying to give the different layers a colour, as well as having a white space where the lines touch and I would like to remove the top of the second "\".   I'm struggling with the white space at the moment and now I've added a stroke, the fill has decreased. Is there another way I could do this?   I've also tried to use my pen tool to remove the top of the "\" but when using "Path Finder" I cannot find an option to "Minus Forward". I'm a newbie so any advice would be lovely :) Can I use Siri with these apps? Could YouTube, Todoist, myEmail (fill in name app your looking for) be controlled/used with Siri?  Could a third party iOS app be controlled by Siri? #!/bin/bash  SUBJECT="WARNING CPU USAGE HIGH" TO=gmail id MESSAGE=/tmp/messages echo "#######################" &gt; $MESSAGE echo "CPU statistics as follows.." &gt;&gt; $MESSAGE mpstat &gt;&gt; $MESSAGE echo "#######################" &gt;&gt; $MESSAGE CPU_USAGE=$(top -b -n1 | awk '/^Cpu/ {print $2}' | cut -d. -f1) [ $CPU_USAGE -gt 85 ] &amp;&amp; mail -s "$SUBJECT" "$TO" &lt; $MESSAGE`   ./cpu.sh: line 11: [: -gt: unary operator expected What might be the reason Inset in Blender not coming out even Getting a FILE* from a std::fstream Is there a (cross-platform) way to get a C FILE* handle from a C++ std::fstream ?  The reason I ask is because my C++ library accepts fstreams and in one particular function I'd like to use a C library that accepts a FILE*. Is Feyerabend confusing discovery and justification when he criticizes the scientific method? I am reading Feyerabend's "Against Method", where he uses Copernicus's (and Galileo's confirmation) discovery of the fact that the Earth orbits around the Sun and other examples to show that irrational approaches can lead to legitimate scientific progress. He then claims that no unified epistemic principle or principles can be used to define science, and that science is best characterized by anarchy.   Is he confusing the way scientific truth is discovered with the way scientific truth is epistemically justified?   Even if it is true that Copernicus, Galileo and others used irrational methods to arrive at valid scientific discoveries, why does that affect science's special epistemic status compared to other fields of inquiry?