I'm trying to put appendices in my PhD thesis, and I'd expected them to be labelled A,B, etc. However, instead it's not producing a title for the appendix at all, and it's giving me sections to my final chapter marked .1, .2 etc. I've looked around this site, and seen lots of problems about poorly placed \backmatter etc. but I'm getting this problem even with the following minimal code:  \documentclass[a4paper,10pt]{book} \begin{document} \chapter{Introduction} This is my testbed. \appendix \section{What's this?} This is an appendix. \end{document}   This is everything- I've not omitted any packages or anything. This produces a single page:       Chapter 1      Introduction      This is my testbed.        .1 What's this?      This is an appendix.   I'm using TeXShop 3.39 (the latest version).
I'm writing a thesis which is an aggregate of separate articles. I have the source code for the articles and I'm using \include to include them in the main document of the thesis. So in my main.tex (thesis document), I have  \include{article1} some pages in between the two articles \include{article2}   The problem that I'm getting is with the Appendix sections. In article 1, I have at the end:  \appendix \numberwithin{equation}{section} \section{Coefficients}\label{sec:Coeffic} \subsection{Good coefficients} then comes the first line of appendix   This gives in article 1 (when  compiled separately with the article class):     A. Coefficients      A.1. Good coefficients   and equation numbers in the Appendix A as (A.1), (A.2)  which is ok and what is expected.  When I put article 1 within main.tex, I use \include command. Also, I removed the document class for article 1 and put \chapter instead.  But when I compile main.tex (the thesis document), I get the appendix sections as:     .1 Coefficients      .1.1 Good coefficients   and the equation numbers in the appendix A as (.1.1), (.1.2) etc  My article 1 is treated as a chapter in the main thesis document (main.tex) and the title and section numbers, equation numbers are preceded by A in main.tex. This is what I want.  Maybe it would be ok to get the appendix in my main.tex as     A.A. Coefficients      A.A.1 Good coefficients   and the equation numbers in the Appendix as (A.A.1), (A.A.2) etc  to denote that it refers to appendix A of paper A. First A is for the first article and second A is for first appendix. How to get this?
I would like to have an app include a custom font for rendering text, load it, and then use it with standard UIKit elements like UILabel. Is this possible? Disable display of passwords on an iPhone? Once you have defined a passcode to unlock an iPhone, and for every application asking a password, when waiting for a password an iPhone makes a transient display of any character you type. It is clear that this transient display was purposefully set in place to help people who have problems with passwords or with the on screen keyboard. This transient display lasts 3 seconds to avoid too big a security problem. But this is still largely sufficient for anyone behind you to read it really easily. Moreover this transient display can be easily captured by any camera or by a software on the iPhone:    I evaluate this echo of any password as a serious risk. This echo partially exposes a secret.  Is there any simple configuration method to suppress everywhere this mechanism of transient display of any password?    For information, I reported this security problem at :     Once I have defined a passcode to protect my iPhone, and within every   application asking me a password, when entering my password iOS makes   a transient display of any character I type. I guess that this   transient display of passwords was purposefully set in place to help   people who have problems with passwords or with the on screen   keyboard. This transient display lasts 3 seconds to avoid to create   too serious a security problem. But this is still amply sufficient for   anyone behind you to read it really easily.      This transient display can be easily captured by a camera   surreptitiously activated by a malicious neighbour.      I didin't find any easy way to block this security weakness with iOS 7   up to iOS 9.      How to disable this transient display of any password on iOS? My wife wants a 4th baby, but I don't.  We have been talking about it for the last few days (talking strongly).   I have raised points such as:   We will get less time to spend with our current kids. The age gap between the first and the last will be too wide. It will cost more money. She will be out of work longer. We will need a bigger house. And we don't even have our own house yet (we are still renting). We will have to start again. Sleepless nights, nappies, feeding, new cot, car seat, etc etc.   She says:   She feels like she is missing something. She has always wanted a large family. Things will be the same regardless of having 3, or 4 kids. She agrees that money will be tighter, but wants to push through it.   Our current kids are 9 months, 2 years, and 4 years. We are young married couple (25), and I have a fairly decent job.  What would be the pros and cons of having another child?   How can we rationally talk to the other about having/or not having another child?  And what should we do if we cannot agree? Number theory in Physics As a Graduate Mathematics student, my interest lies in Number theory. I am curious to know if Number theory has any connections or applications to physics. I have never even heard of any applications of Number theory to physics. I have heard Applications of linear algebra and analysis to many branches of physics, but not number theory.  Waiting forward in receiving interesting answers! Why won't my villagers breed Calculating conditional entropy given two random variables I have been reading a bit about conditional entropy, joint entropy, etc but I found this: $H(X|Y,Z)$ which seems to imply the entropy associated to $X$ given $Y$ and $Z$ (although I'm not sure how to describe it). Is it the amount of uncertainty of $X$  given that I know $Y$ and $Z$? Anyway, I'd like to know how to calculate it. I thought this expression means the following:  $$H(X|Y,Z) = -\sum p(x,y,z)log_{2}p(x|y,z)$$  and assuming that $p(x|y,z)$ means $\displaystyle \frac{p(x,y,z)}{p(y)p(z)}$, then  \begin{align} p(x|y,z)&amp;=\displaystyle \frac{p(x,y,z)}{p(x,y)p(z)}\frac{p(x,y)}{p(y)}\\&amp;=\displaystyle \frac{p(x,y,z)}{p(x,y)p(z)}p(x|y) \\&amp;=\displaystyle \frac{p(x,y,z)}{p(x,y)p(x,z)}\frac{p(x,z)}{p(z)}p(x|y)\\&amp;=\displaystyle \frac{p(x,y,z)}{p(x,y)p(x,z)}p(x|z)p(x|y) \end{align} but that doesn't really help.  Basically I wanted to get a nice identity such as $H(X|Y)=H(X,Y)-H(Y)$ for the case of two random variables.  Any help?  Thanks Can't specify the 'async' modifier on the 'Main' method of a console app Alignment of the titles in a ToC and \Roman{section} There is a problem with the alignment of the numbering of the ToC: When we use   \renewcommand{\thesection}{\Roman{section}}   the numbers encroach on the titles. When the command is commented out, the numbers are all aligned [from the first number on the left] but the titles do not begin at the same position.  What I want is to use \Roman{section} but with the numbers being displaced after V (or 9 in arabic) so that the first letters of the  titles are all aligned !  An illustration:  %\RequirePackage{fix-cm} \documentclass[a4paper, 11pt, twoside]{article}  \renewcommand{\thesection}{\Roman{section}}  \begin{document}   \tableofcontents \normalfont %\cleardoublepage  \section{QWERTY} \section{QWERTY} \section{QWERTY} \section{QWERTY} \section{QWERTY} \section{QWERTY} \section{QWERTY} \section{QWERTY} \section{QWERTY} \section{QWERTY} \section{QWERTY} \section{QWERTY} \section{QWERTY} \section{QWERTY} \section{QWERTY} \section{QWERTY} \section{QWERTY} \section{QWERTY} \section{QWERTY} \section{QWERTY} \section{QWERTY} \section{QWERTY} \section{QWERTY} \section{QWERTY} \section{QWERTY} \section{QWERTY} \section{QWERTY} \section{QWERTY} \section{QWERTY} \section{QWERTY} \section{QWERTY} \section{QWERTY} \section{QWERTY} \section{QWERTY} \section{QWERTY} \section{QWERTY} \section{QWERTY} \section{QWERTY} \section{QWERTY} \section{QWERTY} \section{QWERTY} \section{QWERTY} \section{QWERTY} \section{QWERTY} \section{QWERTY} \section{QWERTY} \section{QWERTY} \section{QWERTY} \section{QWERTY} \section{QWERTY} \section{QWERTY} \section{QWERTY} \section{QWERTY} \section{QWERTY}  \end{document} How to suppress Terminated message after killing in bash? How can you suppress the Terminated message that comes up after you kill a process in a bash script?  I tried set +bm, but that doesn't work.  I know another solution involves calling exec 2&gt; /dev/null, but is that reliable? How do I reset it back so that I can continue to see stderr? Quick doubt about multiplying vectors by scalars I've just started studying linear algebra, and I'm having trouble understanding something that apparentely seems obvious to everyone else. My question is, why does multiplying a vector by a positive scalar does not change its direction? I've seen some visual representations of this and it does seem reasonable to me that that should be the case. However, I wonder whether there is a way to actually show it mathematically? In the 2d coordinate plane, for instance, I guess way one of showing that vector $A$ has the same direction of $cA,c&gt;0$ would be to show that the line containing $A$ has the same slope as the one containing $cA$ (I'm not sure if this approach is correct though). However, how to proceed in the case of $n$ dimensions? I think I must be missing out something basic here, but I really can't seem to get my head around it. Any help will be highly appreciated. Thanks very much in advance. Is there a possibility to search when the embedded txt file was created in the word document? I'm working in Word 2010 and the extension of the document is simple: .doc  It was inserted using the Word options:  Insert -&gt; Object -&gt; Create from file -&gt; Insert as icon   Thank you, I already tried the right click and properties option, but the problem with it, that it shows only the current date for all of the 3 options (created/modified/accessed).           I also tried to get the timestamp but it is inactive when I'm on the txt object.   Sorry not to mention it before: Thank you all of you here for the help and support it is really appreciated. Proving that $\mathbb{Z}[\sqrt{2}]$ is a Euclidean domain We're proving that $\mathbb{Z}[\sqrt{2}]$ is a Euclidean domain, using the norm function $$\nu (a + b\sqrt{2} ) = |a^2 - 2b^2|$$ and the first part says that since $\nu (a + b\sqrt{2} ) = |(a + b\sqrt{2})(a - b\sqrt{2})|$ it's clear that $\nu (xy) = \nu(x) \nu(y)$? ... Can someone please explain to me how this is clear? Prove directly from the definition of the Ito's integral I am trying to solve the exercises from the book Stochastic differential equations -An Introduction with applications by Bernt Oksendal and I am stuck on 1 question.  Prove directly from the definition of Ito's integral that   $$\int_0^t B_s^2 dB_s=\frac{1}{3}B_t^3-\int_0^t B_s ds$$  I have tried for a couple of hours but I simply cannot prove it . I would be grateful if somebody could help me out , even a hint would be very helpful HP PSC-2100 can't seem to get xsane and HPLIP (printing working) Irrationality of $\sum_{p\in\mathbb{P}} \frac{1}{2^{p}}$ Let $\mathbb{P}$ be the set of prime numbers, and consider $m=\displaystyle\sum_{p\in\mathbb{P}} \frac{1}{2^{p}}$. Is $m$ irrational?  In the following  , the author recalls several sufficient criteria for irrationality. When applying some of this criteria to $m$ I arrive that the condition of some of the criteria are not satisfied by means of Bertrand´s Postulate.  I found a similar result by Sándor:  Let $\lbrace a_m\rbrace$, $m\geq 1$ be a sequence of positive integers such that $$\text{lim sup}\frac{a_{m+1}}{a_1a_2\cdots a_m}=\infty \;\;\;\;\text{and}\;\;\;\;\;\;\text{lim inf}\frac{a_{m+1}}{a_m}&gt;1$$ Then the series $\displaystyle\sum_{m} \frac{1}{a_m}$ is an irrational number.  I have yet to prove that if $f$ is a continuous function then $\text{lim sup} \;f(a_m)=f(\text{lim sup}\, a_m)$. Assuming this;  $$\text{lim inf}\; P_{m+1}-P_{m}&gt;1$$ where $P_m$ is the $m$-th prime.  But I have trouble with $$\text{lim sup}\; P_{m+1}-\sum_{j=1}^{m}P_{j}$$ my guess is that $$\text{lim sup}\; P_{m+1}-\sum_{j=1}^{m}P_{j}\neq\infty$$ so $$\text{lim sup}\frac{2^{P_{m+1}}}{2^{P_1}\cdots 2^{P_m}}\neq\infty$$   and this theorem will result useless to tell if $m$ is irrational.   How can I prove (or disprove) that $m$ is irrational (are there any other simpler criteria)? How can I use Dirichlet criterion  or Hurwitz criterion? What is its ?    Any help is highly appreciated.      Edit: That $m$ is irrational is clear by the criteria provided in the comments, namely that if $x$ is rational then the binary representation of $x$ is periodic. The number $m$ in binary expansion has $1$ in the $P$-th position and zero elsewhere. As there are arbitrarily large gaps between primes; then the binary representation fails to be periodic.  So the question that remains unsolved is:   What is its irrationality measure? Compiz Problems (Plugin Missing, Performance Issues, Development) I've recently set up the compiz cube again, and I was very happy to find that that flickering window glitch is gone! However, the cube reflection and deformation plugins are also gone.  I am running a fresh 12.10 install, and I have every compiz plugin package installed (including compiz-plugins-extra, which supposedly contains everything that compiz-fusion-plugins-extra package used to have), but those two plugins are still missing. I haven't been able to find anyone with the same problem.   Any ideas? (thanks!) Clojure - Side Effects Happening Out Of Order While dabbling in Clojure I've written a very basic program to echo whatever the user types into it. However, it doesn't run in a way that I'm perceiving to be natural. Here's the code:  (defn goo []   (print "echo&gt; ")   (def resp (read-line))   (print resp) )   I would expect the code to run like this (for me typing in foo as the input to read-line):  user=&gt; (goo) echo&gt; foo foonil   But instead, the echo and read-line is switched:  user=&gt; (goo) foo echo&gt; foonil   Why does this happen? Is there a subtlety I'm missing?  EDIT: From Joe's answer, the updated correct solution is:  (defn goo []   (print "echo&gt; ")   (flush)   (def resp (read-line))   (print resp)   (flush) )   Also, the flushes aren't necessary if you use println instead of print. ASP.NET MVC JsonResult Date Format I have a controller action that effectively simply returns a JsonResult of my model. So, in my method I have something like the following:  return new JsonResult(myModel);   This works well, except for one problem. There is a date property in the model and this appears to be returned in the Json result like so:  "\/Date(1239018869048)\/"   How should I be dealing with dates so they are returned in the format I require? Or how do I handle this format above in script? Is there a system in place to prevent new users asking, answering and accepting answers to each others' off-topic questions? What will be the trajectory of the given motion If it is given that component of acceleration perpendicular to the velocity of a body has a constant, non-zero magnitude, how can we mathematically prove that the trajectory of the body will be circular?   I have basic knowledge of calculus, vectors and co-ordinate geometry. I can prove that the trajectory of a body in projectile motion is parabolic. I tried to follow a similar method to get an equation of circle but couldn't succeed. I tried forming parametric equations of x and y in terms of time t (the way we proceed when proving the parabolic path of a projectile) but could not reach the conclusion.  Edit: I have edited the question in order to improve it. However I still can not share my work on this question as I had asked the question almost 6 months ago and now I can not find where I tried solving it. Sincerely sorry for that.