I'm asking if the SE sites or new proposals could have code analysis in its scope similar to , or it's against Stack Exchange rules?  One example of question is , which was closed as off-topic (code analysis), therefore I've created the new  (similar to ) where (malicious) code analysis is on-topic and defining exactly what kind of code it's expected to be analysed.  Is that perfectly fine, fine, worth to try or code analysis is not suitable on SE sites at all?
Is it OK to ask on SO for help in explaining someone else's working piece of code, from Open Source projects or library examples etc.? Or does this belong somewhere else?
I see that there a number of questions (, , , , ) on best practices, none of them answer the issue I am going to talk about.  We all need to prepare large documents (or slides) from time-to-time. And once you have reached a certain number of pages, you find that compiling the whole document takes a substantial time, which you need to do to check that the part you have written is error free, specially if it contains a number of images.   To circumvent the situation, I have used the following practices over years to keep compile time at minimum.   Divide the document in to many chapters: The chapters are put in separate files. Only the one I am working one is uncommented.  \documentclass{book}  \begin{document}  %\input {chapterone.tex} \input {chaptertwo.tex} %\input {chapterthree.tex} %\input {chapterfour.tex}  \end{document}    The above technique can also be used for \include.   Keep a preamble replica of the main file in a temporary file (build file): I use this technique when I am preparing a presentation with many slides, say a hundred. Prepare a main file, copy it to another build file. Delete everything between  \begin{document} and \end{document} in the build file. Prepare a slide (or a group of slides) in the build file. Cut and paste the contents between \begin{document} and \end{document} in the build file to relevant location in the main file only when satisfied with the output (image locations, overfull boxes etc.)     We can hear your inputs about the best practices you practice when a you are preparing a document or presentation from scratch.    Now, I have failed to find a good answer in the case when you have finished the whole document or presentation and now you need tweaking the small things, may be edit a text here, add an image there. What will be your best practice?  Perhaps, again keeping only one chapter uncommented will be usable here. But what about large presentations? May be adding a \end{document} just after the point-of-change will be beneficial, but only if you can put that before midpoint of the file.  Commenting a part of the file will also work, but that is error-prone, at least for me. I compile most of my documents via Makefiles which take care of the bibliography, indexes, etc. Often I'd like to compile different versions from the same TeX file changing only small things (e.g. a beamer presentation plus a version with the handout option).  Is there any standard mechanism for passing parameters to the TeX file so that I can just type make handout to get the handout version in the above example? Elegant way of obtaining the envelope of oscillating function Does "until [date]" mean "before that date"? What does until mean in the following?     You need to deliver this product within 2 days (until August 18, 2011)   to meet your deadline and get paid.   Does this mean that I have to deliver the product by 23:59 on 17 August 2011 or 23:59 on 18 August 2011? The order time is 21:04 on August 16 2011. How well-known is the theology of Middle-earth, in Middle-earth? One thing that is notably absent in Middle-earth is any mention of temples, churches, priests or religious rites.  There are passing mentions of Men who would "worship" Sauron, but generally the world of Middle-earth seems much less religious than medieval Europe, or even classical antiquity.  One never hears about "the cult of Aule" or "the cult of Yavanna," although historically there were many "cults of Athena" or "cults of Poseidon."  Aragorn doesn't (to my memory) make an offering to Tulkas before battle, nor does he pray to Eru Ilúvatar for victory, and all the holidays and solemnities seem to commemorate historical figures, not religious ones.  This is especially strange in a world where there are still living witnesses, like Galadriel, to the actions of the Valar and other "divine" beings, and where there are still Maiar wandering around talking to people and putting on flashy firework shows.  Now, a lot of people talk about how Tolkien didn't want the Valar to be considered "gods," but at the same time he did use phrases like "the gods of old" numerous times.  Clearly, these beings would have qualified for worship in most cultures.  And even without the Valar being considered a true pantheon, there is still Eru, a closer analogue to the Christian God of Tolkien's beliefs, and we know the denizens of Middle-earth knew of him (Him?) because of the line "Eru, who in Arda is called Ilúvatar."  And yet, Ilúvatar seems not to be terribly important to anyone on a daily basis.  So my question is this: how familiar with the "theology" of Middle-earth were the citizens of Middle-earth?  Would the average merchant in Rohan know about the Valar and the Maiar and Iluvatar and the Music of the Ainur?  The average noble in Minas Tirith?  The younger Elves, like Legolas?  The Dwarf Lords?  Were the theological truths about the formation of the world, the Valar and the Maiar just so well known that they weren't worth commenting on, or had they been forgotten by most?  And if they had been forgotten, why wasn't the knowledge (whether through deliberate teachings or casual conversation) re-invigorated by witnesses like Gandalf or Galadriel? Linux - why do the su and sudo binaries need to be set-UID root? I am trying to find the correct reason for the stated question. My understanding is that:   sudo needs to read the /etc/sudoers file which is only readable by root, which is why it needs to be set-UID root su is going to create a new shell with a different real and effective UID, and needs to check the password. To check the password, it needs to read /etc/shadow, which is why it needs to be set-UID root. After checking password, it would need to call setuid() on the forked process, and to use an arbitrary UID argument, its parent process must have root as effective UID, so this also makes another reason.   Are the above reasons correct ? Prove that $\lim_{N\rightarrow\infty}(1/N)\sum_{n=1}^N f(nx)=\int_{0}^1f(t)dt$ Suppose $f$ is continuous and periodic on the reals with period 1. Prove that if $x\in[0,1]$ is an irrational number, then  $$\lim_{N\rightarrow\infty}\frac{1}{N}\sum_{n=1}^N f(nx)=\int_{0}^1f(t)dt$$   Suggestion: First consider $f(t) = e^{2\pi(ikt)}$ where k is an integer.   I can see that this is a limit of a weighted average, but the suggestion throws me off. I've seen the suggestion in fourier transforms but it's not clicking at the moment. Any help would be welcome. How can I limit the headphone max volume on OS X? So I hurt my ears from excessively loud music last week at work. I'm well aware of the volume down key of course, but I tend to crank it up too much throughout the day without noticing it.    I need a limiter and it needs to be system-wide, since I listen to various other sound sources aside from iTunes. This isn't really an issue on my phone, since I can set a volume limit in the iOS settings.  Is there an equivalent built-in or third-party fix for OS X Lion? I am seeking suggestions on what may be going in with an iMac I am currently troubleshooting, as it’s displaying behaviour I do not recall seeing before.  Short story  This iMac refuses to boot up. It gets the Apple logo, gets past the progress bar, and then gets stuck on the grey screen for about two minutes before rebooting itself. However, what makes this odd is that I can:   Start the iMac in Target Disk Mode and use it to successfully boot up other Macs. In doing so everything seems to work perfectly fine. Successfully boot the iMac from an external drive and everything seems to work perfectly fine.   Long story  I was presented this iMac about 2 weeks ago as it refused to bootup. That is, it would commence booting up and cycle through the Apple logo and progress bar, but after the progress bar completed it would remain on the grey screen for a couple of minutes before rebooting itself and doing the same thing all over again.   To address this I undertook the following troubleshooting steps:   Resetting SMC - failed Resetting NVRAM - failed Starting up in Safe Mode - failed Starting up in OS X Recovery Mode – failed Starting up in OS X Recovery Mode via the internet – failed Undertook an extensive hardware test using Apple Hardware Test (AHT 3A213) - passed Started iMac in Target Disk Mode and retested hard drive using Scannerz on another iMac - passed Started iMac in Target Disk Mode and reformatted the hard drive and did a clean install of Mac OS X El Capitan 10.11.6 - successful Migrated data from a Time Machine backup - successful   After these steps I tested the iMac for four days with no issues in terms of booting up and using the computer. On the fifth day I needed to manually import seven Apple Mail mailboxes. I did these one by one and six of them imported within minutes.  The last mailbox was showing as being 270 GB in size. I knew this was inaccurate, but I decided to import the mailbox so I could do a mailbox rebuild to correct whatever corruption had taken place. This import took over 12hrs to do but seemed to work fine and Mail was displaying the emails.  I then tested the iMac on and off for another day to ensure it had no problems booting up. This was successful.  I then decided to initiate the mailbox rebuild, but as soon as I did the screen went black and stayed that way regardless of any keyboard shortcuts I tried using. I waited an hour, forced a reboot, and ever since the iMac has returned to its original behaviour of not booting up – it would get past the progress bar and stay on the grey screen for a while before rebooting itself and starting the whole vicious cycle again.  I have again retested the hard drive, processor, RAM and Video Ram by starting the iMac from an external hard drive and using a combination of the following packages:   Apple Hardware Test (AHT 3A213) Scannerz TechTool Pro Memtester (under the Homebrew subsystem)   And now I have a situation where I can boot the iMac from external hard drives, and also use it in target disk mode to boot up other Macs, but cannot use it to boot from its own internal drive.  At present I have isolated the internal hard drive and am running a scan to check for any malware.   In the meantime, I am wondering:   Has anyone come across a similar scenario and, if so, what was the cause? Assuming I find no malware, do I go through the reformat/clean install/migration process again, but this time not import the last mailbox and see whether the iMac works fine? Any other suggestions?   iMac specs are as follows:   iMac (27”, mid 2011) 3.1 GHz Intel Core i5 8 GB RAM AMD Radeon HD 6970M 1024 MB 1 TB 3.5” SATA HD Mac OS X El Capitan 10.11.6 How to diagnose a search engine ranking drop? Indian CGPA to US GPA system When creating a question/answer on the Android app, it gives you a little bar above the keyboard to bold/italicize, add a link easily, add a picture etc.  When editing however, this bar isn't shown. To ease editing on mobile, it would be exceedingly helpful to have this bar show up. I find myself resorting to the full site to add a embedded link if I can't at the moment remember the exact syntax. Note: This is not the same as , which is about the moderator tool. I am talking about the flag history page that is accessible through the user profile at .  I tend to have a pretty good hit rate for flags, well above 90% helpful on several sites. I also semi-regularly review the flag history page, both to see the status of any outstanding flags as well as see how flags I raised have been handled. Particularly, whenever a flag of mine is declined, I look over the post I raised the flag against with this new information in mind, to try to determine if I should change my flagging behavior in some way to better match the specific site's scope.  However, comment flags are difficult in this regard. Most often, there is only a binary status: helpful or declined. Helpful comment flags nearly always lead to the comment being deleted, so that obviously could present a bit of a problem, but that's not really relevant because a helpful flag means you should just keep doing what you've been doing. Declined comment flags, on the other hand, usually mean the comment is kept. It's the declined comment flags that I want to learn more about. But there's no way to!  All the flag says is which post it was on, how I flagged a comment, that I was the one to raise the flag (which frankly is rather useless information when you are already looking at your own flags summary), when the flag was raised and whether it's pending, helpful or declined. In a very few cases the moderator handling the flag may leave a helpful return comment.  This can get even more confusing if I raise multiple flags in quick succession against comments on the same question including any answers to it, because they basically all get bundled together.  Even in the case of a declined flag where the comment remains, there is no way to find your way back to the specific comment you flagged! Thus it is very difficult to recognize the error of your ways. Because comment flags (with few exceptions) are handled by diamond moderators only, the lack of feedback about which comment's flag was declined means it's easy to keep wasting the moderators' time without even intending to do so.  Hence my feature request: add a link to the specific comment that the specific flag was raised against, ideally only if that comment remains. Deleting an element from an array in PHP Is there an easy way to delete an element from an array using PHP, such that foreach ($array) no longer includes that element?  I thought that setting it to null would do it, but apparently it does not work. Proving the inequality $\frac{n^k}{k^k}\leq\binom{n}{k}\leq\frac{n^k}{k!}$ involving binomial coefficient. What is the best way of proving inequalities including binomial coefficients in general? Lets look at this example:     $$\frac{n^k}{k^k}\leq\binom{n}{k}\leq\frac{n^k}{k!}$$   What I started with is:  $$\binom{n}{k}\frac{1}{n^k}\leq\frac{1}{k!}$$ $$\frac{n!}{k!(n-k)!}\frac{1}{n^k}\leq\frac{1}{k!}$$ $$\frac{(n-1)!}{(n-k)!n^{k-1}}\leq1$$ This is where I got stuck. How can I prove that is is lower than or equal to 1? Could you give me a hint? Inform new users if they can upvote an answer they accepted I surprisingly often stumble upon answers which were accepted but clearly not upvoted by the asker. For example, the answer has not received any upvotes at all or the asker’s vote count is zero. While I acknowledge that , most such cases happen with new users, who have only recently received the privilege to vote and who upvote after a friendly reminder.  Given the anonymity of votes and that I do not check the asker’s profile for every question with an accepted answer I stumbled upon, I assume that there is a huge dark figure for this phenomenon. Also, I naturally most often spot this on my own answers, which makes reminding the asker of their privileges somewhat awkward.  I thus propose that users which accept an answer are reminded by a pop-up that they can upvote it, if:   They haven’t already upvoted it. They have the reputation required for voting. They have cast less than a handful of votes.   I consider the latter criterion to be better than an upper reputation for which the message is displayed, since I know at least one user with several thousand reputation points, who has cast much less upvotes or votes on answers than he has accepted answers on some sites (not that his acceptance rate or general feedback on answers is spectacular). If I was at point $A$ and I wanted to walk directly to point $B$, I would have to walk half way to point $B$, but before that I would have to walk half way to halfway to halfway to point $B$ and half of that again and so on and so fourth. if I halved this distance an infinite amount of times then there would be an infinite amount of actions I would need to perform in order to cross from $A$ to $B$. Therefore, if each action took any quantity of time at all, then it would take me an infinite amount of time to cross from $A$ to $B$, even if $A$ and $B$ were only a few centimetres apart!   Because I am not infinitely old and I can move, there must be a flaw in this logic. Where is it? How do you get the logical xor of two variables in Python? Tag info not updated regularly on profile? From my , I learned that all tag related info on profile will be updated daily at UTC 03:00.  However, something is wrong here. It's now UTC 05:00+, but my tag number, say 93 (c++) is not updated against yesterday. I am pretty sure about this and I did earn some more points throughout the day. Sorry for not be able to capture the screenshot yesterday, but I did check this number 10 hours ago (which belongs to yesterday, also 93).  Is there a bug happening here? Or updating time different?    UPDATE: As of 24 Jan, the tags are still not updated with the proper values.  UPDATE2: Fixed around 25 Jan, UTC 03:00, at least for me. In CSS what is the difference between "." and "#" when declaring a set of styles? What is the difference between # and . when declaring a set of styles for an element and what are the semantics that come into play when deciding which one to use?