How do I set up the sources.list to select kernel packages from a local repository? I am creating a local repository which will contain all the debians (debs) for Ubuntu. It will also contain kernel debians for 2 different branches like say 1.1 and 2.1  I have created a single empty debian package, say test-package which contains information for all other dependent debians from same repo. Currently it has information on kernel 1.1.  Structure of local repo is as follows:  The folder dists/xenial/release/test-package contains folders k, l, m, v which contain debs.  The folders binary-amd64 and binary-i386 are also created which contains Packages file for corresponding architectures.  Steps performed on the client machine:   Adding URL in sources.list Running command apt-get install test-package   My issue is:  How can I inform sources.list to pick specific kernel installation and its corresponding debians (debs) available from local repo. i.e. it should install either 1.1 or 2.1 kernel.  TIA
How do I cherry pick packages from a PPA? Is there a way to cherry pick packages from a ppa repository you add? That is, to exclude some from updating while including others?  For example, I want just the chromium-browser package from  but not the others. So I don't want my sudo apt-get upgrade to have that ppa's other (besides chromium-browser) packages install over my existing ones, just that one.   I realize this is a license to shoot myself in the foot if I misread dependencies and exclude ones that are needed to ones that I included, but I know for a fact in this case that the other packages are not dependencies for that one.  Is this at all possible? Maybe there is some whitelist/blacklist file or something?
Best way to center a  on a page vertically and horizontally? Best way to center a &lt;div&gt; element on a page both vertically and horizontally?  I know that margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; will center on the horizontal, but what is the best way to do it vertically, too? In linguistics, is there a term describing this phenomenon, i.e., when the syllables of two words are slurred together in the spoken language?  They are not contractions. While contractions are acceptable in any register, this combination of words is very informal and hardly ever found in formal writing.  kinda (kind of)   sorta (sort of)   coulda (could have)   shoulda (should have)   lotta (lot of)   oughta (ought to)   betcha (bet you)   lemme (let me)   tseasy (it's easy)   willya (will you)  Inasmuch as English Language speakers (just like the speakers of any natural language) have a tendency to join word sounds in speech, examples abound and a complete list would be hard to produce. I’m looking for a word or phrase describing this linguistic phenomenon as it occurs in speech. When there are several cottages each with several tariffs (depending on the season), should the plural be "cottage tariffs" or "cottages tariffs"?  For context, this is to be a section title on a website renting out the cottages.  An explanation of the grammatical rules would be helpful. My Situation:   About $36k USD in graduate student loans.  There are 4 different federal loans in play, each with a fixed rate of 6.8%.   $12k w/ ~$1.2k in unpaid interest  $10k w/ ~$1k in unpaid interest  $8k w/ no unpaid interest (all principal) $6k w/ no unpaid interest (all principal)  All loans are in repayment. Some loans are subsidized, some are not. This no longer matters now that they're all in repayment though, right?     Is there a most cost efficient way to pay these loans off?  Should the interest be ignored for now on the ones that have $1k in unpaid interest for the time being, because payments to the other two loans will will go directly to principal (minus the monthly compounded interest of course)?  On the surface, I would assume that since they're all the same interest rate, it doesn't really matter, but I'm not sure how the accrued interest would factor in. I'm not interested in psychological wins like debt snowballing. I'm looking for the route that will have me paying the least. I didn't grow out of it.   or      I haven't grown out of it.    Which sentence is grammatically more correct? I'd rather say the second, but  I saw in the text the first one. How to configure axis on pgfplots? How to configure axis on pgfplots? Similar for this.  \documentclass{article} \usepackage{tikz,pgfplots} \pagestyle{empty} \begin{document} \begin{tikzpicture}[&gt;=latex] %x axis \draw[-&gt;] (-5,0) -- (5,0) node[below] {$x$}; \foreach \x in {-4,...,-1,1,2,...,4} \draw[shift={(\x,0)}] (0pt,2pt) -- (0pt,-2pt) node[below] {\footnotesize $\x$}; %y axis \draw[-&gt;] (0,-5) -- (0,5) node[left] {$y$}; \foreach \y in {-4,...,-1,1,2,...,4} \draw[shift={(0,\y)}] (2pt,0pt) -- (-2pt,0pt) node[left] {\footnotesize $\y$}; \node[below left] at (0,0) {\footnotesize $0$}; \end{tikzpicture} \end{document} different result for yyyy-mm-dd and yyyy/mm/dd in javascript when passed to "new Date" I just got off a very long and very frustrating phone call with Apple support.  I purchased a used Apple computer which came installed with Mountain Lion. Meaning that the computer was shipped by Apple with Mountain Lion installed, and received by me with that same installation.  As a precaution, I tried to reinstall Mountain Lion via Recovery mode. This failed because my Apple ID hasn't purchased Mountain Lion.  Apple insisted that because I didn't purchase the computer new, I don't have a license for OS X. I don't believe this is correct, or even legal. This means that anyone using a used computer is doing so illegally, unless they've purchased a separate OS license.  Am I way off-base here? I'm pretty sure I now "own" a copy of Mountain Lion, and Apple is in the wrong. If this is correct, what are my options? Interview question: three arrays and O(N*N) In the Stack Overflow podcast #36 (), this opinion was expressed: Once you understand how easy it is to set up a state machine, you’ll never try to use a regular expression inappropriately ever again. I've done a bunch of searching.  I've found some academic papers and other complicated examples, but I'd like to find a simple example that would help me understand this process.  I use a lot of regular expressions, and I'd like to make sure I never use one &quot;inappropriately&quot; ever again. If $n\times n$ matrix $A$ has eigenvalues $1,-1$ and $n\times n$ matrix $B$ also has eigenvalues $1,-1$, can I then say something about eigenvalues of $AB$ and $BA$? Sharing alignment between equations in two different items In the following minimal example, I have two equations inside an itemize environment, with an item per equations. Each equation is defined in its own equation environment.    \documentclass{article} \usepackage{amstext}  \begin{document}  \begin{itemize}  \item Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit:   \begin{equation}     f(x) = \left\{     \begin{array}{l l}       1 &amp; \text{ nisl justo, hendrerit} \\       0 &amp; \text{ sagittis condimentum}\\     \end{array} \right.  \end{equation}   \item Duis magna nunc, ultrices at fringilla non, feugiat sed massa:   \begin{equation}     g(x) = \left\{     \begin{array}{l l}       -1 &amp; \text{ fermentum fringilla mauris eget} \\       0 &amp; \text{ gravida ipsum vitae}\\     \end{array} \right.  \end{equation} \end{itemize}  \end{document}   However, each equation has its own alignment, giving the following result:    It would be nice (I think) if both equations could be aligned in the same way, something like this:    Is this possible?   Note: it would be nice if the solution could be also applied to equations in different paragraphs.    UPDATE:   presented a very nice solution, which is currently the most upvoted, but it does not work quite well:  \documentclass{article} \usepackage{amsmath} \begin{document}  This is a list.  \begin{itemize}    \item First item.   \begin{align*}   f(x) &amp;= \begin{cases} 0 &amp; \text{now} \\ 1 &amp; \text{then} \end{cases}   \intertext{\item Second item.}   g(x) &amp;= \begin{cases} 0 &amp; \text{here and there}  \\ -1 &amp; \text{to and fro} \end{cases}   \end{align*}  \end{itemize}  After the list. \end{document}     Can you see? "now" and "then" are not aligned to "here and there" and "to and fro". Can we solve this? :) xdg-open on debian 9 fails to open browser I decided to try lxdm (was using fluxbox and xfce), and discovered that for many programs the url handler was failing, producing this error message;   Quite strange as you can see, it's prepending the user directory to the url.  The example here is from telegram, but it happens in discord, as well as when executing from the command line; xdg-open https://www.google.com produces a similar error. xdg-settings get default-web-browser output's firefox.desktop which works as a link in both xfce and lxdm.  More information; I ran bash -x on it and...  $ bash -x /usr/bin/xdg-open http://www.google.com + check_common_commands http://www.google.com + '[' 1 -gt 0 ']' + parm=http://www.google.com + shift + case "$parm" in + '[' 0 -gt 0 ']' + '[' -z '' ']' + unset XDG_UTILS_DEBUG_LEVEL + '[' 0 -lt 1 ']' + xdg_redirect_output=' &gt; /dev/null 2&gt; /dev/null' + '[' xhttp://www.google.com '!=' x ']' + url= + '[' 1 -gt 0 ']' + parm=http://www.google.com + shift + case "$parm" in + '[' -n '' ']' + url=http://www.google.com + '[' 0 -gt 0 ']' + '[' -z http://www.google.com ']' + detectDE + unset GREP_OPTIONS + '[' -n LXDE ']' + case "${XDG_CURRENT_DESKTOP}" in + DE=lxde + '[' xlxde = x ']' + '[' xlxde = x ']' + '[' xlxde = x ']' + '[' xlxde = xgnome ']' + '[' -f /run/user/1000/flatpak-info ']' + '[' xlxde = x ']' + DEBUG 2 'Selected DE lxde' + '[' -z '' ']' + return 0 + case "${BROWSER}" in + case "$DE" in + open_lxde http://www.google.com + pcmanfm --help -a is_file_url_or_path http://www.google.com ++ file_url_to_path http://www.google.com ++ local file=http://www.google.com ++ echo http://www.google.com ++ grep -q '^file:///' ++ echo http://www.google.com + local file=http://www.google.com + echo http://www.google.com + grep -q '^/' ++ pwd + file=/home/nesmerrill/.local/share/applications/http://www.google.com + pcmanfm /home/nesmerrill/.local/share/applications/http://www.google.com + '[' 0 -eq 0 ']' + exit_success + '[' 0 -gt 0 ']' + exit 0   The important part seems to be pcmanfm --help -a is_file_url_or_path http://www.google.com but, that command if that's how it was used, doesn't seem to do much of anything?  $ pcmanfm --help -a is_file_url_or_path http://www.google.com Usage:   pcmanfm [OPTION…] [FILE1, FILE2,...]    Help Options:   -h, --help                   Show help options   --help-all                   Show all help options   --help-gtk                   Show GTK+ Options  Application Options:   -p, --profile=PROFILE        Name of configuration profile   -d, --daemon-mode            Run PCManFM as a daemon   --no-desktop                 No function. Just to be compatible with nautilus   --desktop                    Launch desktop manager   --desktop-off                Turn off desktop manager if it's running   --desktop-pref               Open desktop preference dialog   --one-screen                 Use --desktop option only for one screen   -w, --set-wallpaper=FILE     Set desktop wallpaper from image FILE   --wallpaper-mode=MODE        Set mode of desktop wallpaper. MODE=(color|stretch|fit|crop|center|tile|screen)   --show-pref=N                Open Preferences dialog on the page N   -n, --new-win                Open new window   -f, --find-files             Open a Find Files window   --role=ROLE                  Window role for usage by window manager   --display=DISPLAY            X display to use Transferring through US airport. Do I need traveling visa? I bought a new SSD with 750 GB and made two partitions: 600 GB and 150 GB. The smaller one was thought to be a Bootcamp partition one day, but to date it was just another unused partition. When I needed more space, I decided to merge these two partitions. The partition was created with Mavericks, the merge was done with Yosemite.  I opened Disk Utility and the "minus" button. Disk Utility told me both partitions would be merged then. However it miserably failed. My main hard disc suddenly had errors which couldn't be repaired and even two of my other external hard discs could not be mounted any longer.  I eventually restored the hard disc from Time Machine, which worked well.  My second partition is now listed as free:    Unfortunately I can't resize the 600 GB partition nor can I create a new partition using the free space.  Diskutil reveils the following:  ~  diskutil list /dev/disk0    #:                       TYPE NAME                    SIZE       IDENTIFIER    0:      GUID_partition_scheme                        *750.2 GB   disk0    1:                        EFI EFI                     209.7 MB   disk0s1    2:          Apple_CoreStorage                         599.6 GB   disk0s2    3:                 Apple_Boot Recovery HD             650.0 MB   disk0s3 /dev/disk1    #:                       TYPE NAME                    SIZE       IDENTIFIER    0:                  Apple_HFS Macintosh HD           *599.3 GB   disk1                                  Logical Volume on disk0s2                                  XXXXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXXXXXXXXXX                                  Unencrypted   Also diskutil brought up this:  ~  diskutil cs list CoreStorage logical volume groups (1 found) | +-- Logical Volume Group 9D2BA4BA-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx     =========================================================     Name:         Macintosh HD     Status:       Online     Size:         599640592384 B (599.6 GB)     Free Space:   6111232 B (6.1 MB)     |     +-&lt; Physical Volume 29A9A02B-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx     |   ----------------------------------------------------     |   Index:    0     |   Disk:     disk0s2     |   Status:   Online     |   Size:     599640592384 B (599.6 GB)     |     +-&gt; Logical Volume Family 2FA7892F-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx         ----------------------------------------------------------         Encryption Status:       Unlocked         Encryption Type:         None         Conversion Status:       NoConversion         Conversion Direction:    -none-         Has Encrypted Extents:   No         Fully Secure:            No         Passphrase Required:     No         |         +-&gt; Logical Volume 7BF42B7B-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx             ---------------------------------------------------             Disk:                  disk1             Status:                Online             Size (Total):          599282155520 B (599.3 GB)             Conversion Progress:   -none-             Revertible:            No             LV Name:               Macintosh HD             Volume Name:           Macintosh HD             Content Hint:          Apple_HFS   I have tried this:    fsck -fy (The volume Macintosh HD appears to be OK.)   but it wouldn't help. It said I couldn't recover because it wasn't created in a way it would support (sorry for missing the exact message).  I then have learned that Apple_CoreStorage might indicate my disk is encrypted, which might explain why I can't resize it. It doesn't explain why I can't create a new partition to me.  What are my options to make my hard disk available in a single partition with size 750 GB? Usage of 'shall' in questions Let's say I want to arrange a lesson with my coach and I say:  Shall we have a lesson on Monday?  I understand the use of 'shall' in American English is considered to be formal, whereas this is not the case in British English. I would like to understand the different connotations (is it formal? is it a request for confirmation? is it a suggestion?) that the following questions have:  A. Shall we have a lesson on Monday? B. Can we have a lesson on Monday? C. Should we have a lesson on Monday? D. Could we have a lesson on Monday? E. Are we having a lesson on Monday? F. Will we have a lesson on Monday? G. Are we going to have a lesson on Monday? Adding a comment should not make me fail the review audit I just failed these   in First Post, I read the question and thought it seemed reasonable but the user was deleted so to be on the safe side I clicked add comment and I failed the audit.  I'm not sure why adding a comment would be considered a negative action, is the correct option to click No Action Needed or edit?  What was I supposed to do in this situation?  Adding a comment should not be a review audit fail. Substitute fresh garlic instead of garlic powder? I have a recipe that calls for garlic powder, but I only have fresh garlic on hand.   What ratio should I use to substitute? Is there an AES identity key? The following questions are of pure theoretical nature. I don't have an application in mind.   Is there a key that makes AES the identity function? Is there a key that makes AES the identity function for certain inputs? Is it known whether such keys might exist? Are such keys known for other ciphers?   For example, I want to encrypt "Hello StackExchg" with AES with said key and the ciphertext should be again "Hello StackExchg".  When I encrypt "Hello StackExchg" with the perfect cipher one-time-pad, there is a possibility that the resulting ciphertext is again "Hello StackExchg". This possibility must exist (though it is unrealistically small), otherwise, the ciphertext would not be perfectly random but depending on the plaintext. The corresponding key for one-time-pad would be all zeros. I have a DSLR (Canon 550D) and since I'm taking my first steps in the world of RAW photography I don't know which would be a good program to use to edit these files. I've tried  and  but wasn't satisfied. I'm sure there must be better software out there...