The script below ignores all the -x exclude arguments when run from bash, but it works fine from command line:  #!/bin/sh TIMESTAMP=$(date +%u) ulimit -s 65536  WEEK=`date +"%V"` if [ $(($WEEK%2)) -eq 0 ]; then     echo "even";     BACKUP_DIR="/mnt/backup/2_$TIMESTAMP"     mkdir -p "$BACKUP_DIR/www" else     echo "odd";     BACKUP_DIR="/mnt/backup/1_$TIMESTAMP"     mkdir -p "$BACKUP_DIR/www"   fi  if [ $(date +%u) -gt 6 ]; then     /usr/bin/zip -r -y $BACKUP_DIR/www/web.zip /var/www/ -x '*/.opcache/*' -x '*/phpThumb/cache/*' else     /usr/bin/zip -r -y $BACKUP_DIR/www/web.zip /var/www/ -x '*/mycompany/files/*' -x '*/.opcache/*' -x '*/xml_extras/*' -x '*/files_admin/extras/*' -x '*/chatFiles/*' -x '*/phpThumb/cache/*' -x '*/backup-guard/*' -x '*/mailer/*' -x '*/mycompany/attachments/*' fi  exit 0   Its a 14 day backup solution and I want the weekdays to ignore the bigger folders like images. Any reason the -x arguments gets ignored?
The script works fine if I run it with sh filename, but it ignores all the --exclude parameters if its run by cron:  #!/bin/sh TIMESTAMP=$(date +%u)  WEEK=`date +"%V"` if [ $(($WEEK%2)) -eq 0 ]; then     echo "even";     BACKUP_DIR="/mnt/backup/2_$TIMESTAMP"     mkdir -p "$BACKUP_DIR/www"  else     echo "odd";     BACKUP_DIR="/mnt/backup/1_$TIMESTAMP"     mkdir -p "$BACKUP_DIR/www"   fi  if [ $(date +%u) -gt 6 ]; then     zip -r -y $BACKUP_DIR/www/web.zip /var/www/ --exclude='var/www/\.opcache/*' --exclude='var/www/utils/phpThumb/cache/*' else     zip -r -y $BACKUP_DIR/www/web.zip /var/www/ --exclude='var/www/mycompany/files/*' --exclude='var/www/\.opcache/*' --exclude='var/www/mycompany/szamlazz/xml_szamlak/*' --exclude='var/www/mycompany/files_admin/szamlazz/*' --exclude='var/www/mycompany/files_admin/chatFiles/*' --exclude='var/www/mycompany/utils/phpThumb/cache/*' --exclude='*/backup-guard/*' --exclude='var/www/mycompany/mailer/*' --exclude='var/www/mycompany/attachments/*' fi  exit 0   The above script should create a larger backup on sunday, and a partial on weekdays, but it just zips everything.
How come $32.5 = 31.5$? (The "Missing Square" puzzle.) OGR DXF to KML conversion Accessing a property of derived class from the base class in C# I am looking for an animated series, shown in the 90s. I remember an episode where the boy went into VR and fought a medusa-like monster.  It may be that this was the premise for the whole series: That the children heroes go into VR every time to fight the evil guys.   I am not sure if the whole series were computer-animated but surely there were such elements together with classic animation.  The style of the series was quite dark and cool for teenage boys. Consistency of an order statistic in exponential distribution I have two questions.   1) If $X_1,X_2,X_3,...,X_n$ constitute a random sample of size $n$ from an exponential distribution, show that $\bar X$ is a consistent estimator of the parameter $\lambda$.    This is my attempt: Mean of exponential distribution is $\lambda^{-1}$. Thus by central Limit theorem $E(\bar X)=\lambda^{-1}$. Using mean square consistency, if  $\lim_{n\to \infty} E[(\bar X -\lambda )^2]=0$ then $\bar X $ is consistent for $\lambda$. Since $$ E[(\bar X -\lambda )^2]= E[(\bar X)^2]+E(\lambda)^2-2\lambda E(\bar X) , $$  I get $$ \lim_{n\to \infty} E[(\bar X -\lambda )^2] =    \lim_{n\to \infty} {2 \over \lambda ^2 }+\lambda^2-2 . $$ Clearly this is not equal to $0$. How can I show this is consistent? I tried using Chebechev inequality as well. But even using that I couldn't.    2) Is $X_{(n)}$ a consistent estimator for $\lambda$? If $P[|X_{(n)}-\lambda|&lt;\epsilon]$ approaches $1$ as $n$ goes to infinity for all $\epsilon &gt; 0$ then $X_n$ is a consistent estimator for $\lambda$.    The probability density function of $X_{(n)}$ is $f_n(x) = n \lambda e^{-\lambda x}(1-e^{-\lambda x})^{n-1}$,  for $X&gt;0$.  Thus \begin{align*} P[|X_{(n)}-\lambda|&lt;\epsilon]  &amp;= P[\lambda -\epsilon&lt;X_{n}&lt;\lambda+\epsilon] \\  &amp;=P[0&lt;X_{n}&lt;\lambda+\epsilon] \\  &amp;=\int_0^{\lambda+\epsilon} n \lambda e^{-\lambda x}(1-e^{-\lambda x})^{n-1}\\  &amp;= (1-e^{- \lambda X_{(n)} }), \end{align*} where $X{(n)}$ takes values in $[0 , \lambda+ \epsilon]$.  Thus, can I say $\lim_{n\to \infty}[1-e^{-\lambda(\lambda+\epsilon)}]^n=1$? Using a comma before "but" What Happens to electrons after Alpha Decay and Nuclear Fission? Where do the electrons go? In alpha decay do 2 electrons follow the alpha particle and make stable Helium or does the larger daughter nucleus become an anion?  Also what do the electrons do in the mixture of fission and alpha decay? With Beryllium-8 it decays into two alpha particles and 4 lonely electrons or do you get two Helium atoms?If someone could add an entry to Holocron it would be greatly appreciated, thanks. Say my opponent plays a planeswalker during their first main phase.  I have a  or some other effect that will kill it after it is already in play, but before they use any of its abilities.  I could respond to them using a +1 ability, but I want to kill it before that effect goes on the stack.  In most casual situations, it would basically come down to whether I say "Hero's Downfall" first, or they say "+1" first.  But I can't imagine that's how it's supposed to work.  Is there a time between when the planeswalker hits the battlefield and when they activate its abilities that they must let me respond? It seems to me that situations like this arise frequently, and they are resolved simply by who speaks up first, which is horrible for such a rules-oriented game. Why are Only Real Things Measurable? Why can't we measure imaginary numbers? I mean, we can take the projection of a complex wave to be the "viewable" part, so why are imaginary numbers given this immeasurable descriptor? Namely with operators in quantum mechanics, why must measurable quantities be Hermitian, and consequently real? 123.SOGOU.COM - trojan horse in ukui-screensaver When I use the \tableofcontents macro in a document where the etoc package is loaded, latex pauses and reports an error. If I let the compilation continue a well formed pdf is generated.  Minimal example that can reproduce the error on my machine.  \listfiles \documentclass{article} \usepackage{etoc}  \begin{document} \tableofcontents‎‎ \end{document}   Output from pdflatex on the minimal example.  This is pdfTeX, Version 3.14159265-2.6-1.40.19 (TeX Live 2018) (preloaded format=pdflatex)  restricted \write18 enabled. entering extended mode (./mwe.tex LaTeX2e &lt;2018-04-01&gt; patch level 4 (/usr/local/texlive/2018/texmf-dist/tex/latex/base/article.cls Document Class: article 2014/09/29 v1.4h Standard LaTeX document class (/usr/local/texlive/2018/texmf-dist/tex/latex/base/size10.clo)) (/usr/local/texlive/2018/texmf-dist/tex/latex/etoc/etoc.sty (/usr/local/texlive/2018/texmf-dist/tex/latex/tools/multicol.sty)) (./mwe.aux)  ! Package inputenc Error: Unicode character ‎ (U+200E) (inputenc)                not set up for use with LaTeX.  See the inputenc package documentation for explanation. Type  H &lt;return&gt;  for immediate help.  ...                                                l.6 \tableofcontents‎                        ‎ ? R OK, entering \nonstopmode...  ! Package inputenc Error: Unicode character ‎ (U+200E) (inputenc)                not set up for use with LaTeX.  See the inputenc package documentation for explanation. Type  H &lt;return&gt;  for immediate help.  ...                                                l.6 \tableofcontents‎‎  [1{/usr/local/texlive/2018/texmf-var/fonts/map/pdftex/updmap/pdftex.map}] (./mwe.aux)   *File List*  article.cls    2014/09/29 v1.4h Standard LaTeX document class   size10.clo    2014/09/29 v1.4h Standard LaTeX file (size option)     etoc.sty    2018/02/23 v1.08n Completely customisable TOCs (JFB) multicol.sty    2018/04/20 v1.8s multicolumn formatting (FMi)  ***********   ) (see the transcript file for additional information)&lt;/usr/local/texlive/2018/te xmf-dist/fonts/type1/public/amsfonts/cm/cmbx12.pfb&gt;&lt;/usr/local/texlive/2018/tex mf-dist/fonts/type1/public/amsfonts/cm/cmr10.pfb&gt; Output written on mwe.pdf (1 page, 16281 bytes). SyncTeX written on mwe.synctex.gz. Transcript written on mwe.log. A compact Hausdorff space that is not metrizable Is there an example of a compact Hausdorff space that is not metrizable?  I was thinking maybe the space of continuous functions $f: X \rightarrow Y$ between topological spaces $X, Y$, might work, but I'm sure I'm missing some conditions. How do I resolve samba share to IP address or host name I have a list of hosts in the network providing shares via SAMBA. How can I determine either IP address or the host name of one particular host, e.g. the one with the name “SASAK02”.  The output of smbtree is as follows  WORKGROUP     \\SASAK02                    \\SAURA-PC1                  \\PC-VAN-DAMME incoming mail just sits in the drop folder I want a document library to recieve email and store it so followed the steps outlined here:   I seem to be a bit stuck.  The mail's being delivered to the machine and it's appearing as .eml files in the drop folder, so SMTP and delivery is OK.    I assume Sharepoint's supposed to pick up the file, stick it in a library and delete it, but it doesn't, the mail file just sits there.  Nothing in the logs, obviously.  I haven't set this up before, how often does the timer service come about and pick up the mail? dropping ticklabel on pgfplot axis How to show $A\times (B\cup C) = (A\times B)\cup (A\times C)$ Calculate the sum of inverse values of ${n\choose 0}, {n\choose 1}, ... {n\choose n}$ Calculate $$A={1\over {n\choose 0}}+ {1\over {n\choose 1}}+ ...+{1\over  {n\choose n}}$$  and  $$B={1\over {n\choose 0}}- {1\over {n\choose 1}}+ ...+{(-1)^n\over  {n\choose n}}$$     My idea for $A$ is some probabilistic reasoning. Color the sets $$\{\}, \{1\}, \{1,2\}, \{1,2,3\},...\{1,2,...,n\}$$ and ask our self what is the probability that I choose colored set among all sets. Clearly this is exactly ${n+1\over 2^n}$ and on the other side it is $A$:  probability that I take empty set is ${1\over {n\choose 0}}$,   probability that I take colored set with 1 element is ${1\over {n\choose 1}}$  probability that I take colored set with 2 elements is ${1\over {n\choose 2}}$  and so on ...   So $A ={n+1\over 2^n}$. But I have no idea how to attack $B$. On some user profiles, e.g.  image proportions are broken:        Image on activity tab or on  page isn’t distorted:        The issue is probably related to the old one: At what age does a toddler stop being a toddler? Why can a discontinuous function not be differentiable? I don't really understand why a discontinuous function cannot be differentiable.  In Stewart's Calculus, the definition of a function $f$ being differentiable at $a$ is that $f'(a)$ exists. Earlier it gives the definition of the derivative as $f'(x)=\lim_{h\to0}\frac{f(x+h)-f(x)}{h}$. It also has a theorem that if $f$ is differentiable at $a$, then $f$ is continuous at $a$. There is also a definition that a functions $f$ is continuous at a number $a$ if $\lim_{x\to a}f(x)=f(a)$.  Take for example the very simple function:  $$ f(x)=\begin{cases} x+1 &amp; x\geq0, \\ x &amp; x&lt;0.  \end{cases} $$  It is discontinuous at $x=0$ (the limit $\lim_{x\to 0}f(x)$ does not exist and so does not equal $f(0)$), but if I find the derivative using the limit above, I get the left and right limits to equal $1$. So therefore, the derivative exists.  According to the book, the function shouldn't be differentiable at $x=0$ as it has a discontinuity (continuity is a necessary condition of differentiability). What am I doing/understanding wrong?