I stumbled upon  and have problems properly escaping variables containing special tex symbols (e.g. LANG=en_US.UTF-8)  My closest attempt can be found below but it still replaces the underscore with a weird dot:    \documentclass{article} \usepackage{xparse}  \ExplSyntaxOn  \NewDocumentCommand{\getenv}{om} {   \sys_get_shell:nnN{ kpsewhich ~ --var-value ~ #2 }{}#1 }   \begin{document}  \getenv[\LANG]{LANG}  \tl_to_str:N\LANG  \end{document}   Furthermore this also does not correctly handle other special symbols like @
\documentclass{article} \usepackage{expl3} \ExplSyntaxOn \begin{document} \tl_to_str:n { testing _ things }  \par  \tl_set:Nn \l_tmpa_tl { testing _ things } \tl_to_str:N \l_tmpa_tl \end{document}   gives a strange result (testing ̇things).  How can I get testing_things?  I basically want verbatim content (with line breaking).
NOTE: This is a Master Canonical Post for the issues observed on February 25, 2020.  All issues on Feb 25 relating to Python updates not found should be dupe-linked here.  Errors have been seen such as this today, February 25, 2021: Failed to fetch http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/p/python2.7/libpython2.7-minimal_2.7.17-1~18.04ubuntu1.3_amd64.deb 404 Not Found  Is there something up with the repositories? Will “Erase Ubuntu16.10 and reinstall” keep my Win7 installation? Solving $a \sin\theta + b \cos\theta = c$ Could someone help me with the steps for solving the below equation $$a \sin\theta + b \cos\theta = c$$ I know that the solution is $$\theta = \tan^{-1} \frac{c}{^+_-\sqrt{a^2 + b^2 - c^2}} - \tan^{-1} \frac{a}{b} $$ I just can't figure out the right steps to arrive at this solution. I was supposed to find all possible Jordan canonical forms of a $5\times 5$ complex matrix with minimal polynomial $(x-2)^2(x-1)$ on a qualifying exam last semester.  I took the polynomial to mean that there were at least two 2's and one 1 on the main diagonal, and that the largest Jordan block with eigenvalue 2 is $2\times 2$ while the largest Jordan block with eigenvalue 1 is $1\times 1$.  Did I miss any matrices or interrupt the minimal polynomial incorrectly?  \begin{pmatrix}   2 &amp;1  &amp;0  &amp;0  &amp;0\\   0 &amp;2  &amp;0  &amp;0  &amp;0\\   0 &amp;0  &amp;2  &amp;1  &amp;0\\   0 &amp;0  &amp;0  &amp;2  &amp;0\\   0 &amp;0  &amp;0  &amp;0  &amp;1 \end{pmatrix}  \begin{pmatrix}   2 &amp;1  &amp;0  &amp;0  &amp;0\\   0 &amp;2  &amp;0  &amp;0  &amp;0\\   0 &amp;0  &amp;2  &amp;0  &amp;0\\   0 &amp;0  &amp;0  &amp;2  &amp;0\\   0 &amp;0  &amp;0  &amp;0  &amp;1 \end{pmatrix}  \begin{pmatrix}   2 &amp;1  &amp;0  &amp;0  &amp;0\\   0 &amp;2  &amp;0  &amp;0  &amp;0\\   0 &amp;0  &amp;2  &amp;0  &amp;0\\   0 &amp;0  &amp;0  &amp;1  &amp;0\\   0 &amp;0  &amp;0  &amp;0  &amp;1 \end{pmatrix}  \begin{pmatrix}   2 &amp;1  &amp;0  &amp;0  &amp;0\\   0 &amp;2  &amp;0  &amp;0  &amp;0\\   0 &amp;0  &amp;1  &amp;0  &amp;0\\   0 &amp;0  &amp;0  &amp;1  &amp;0\\   0 &amp;0  &amp;0  &amp;0  &amp;1 \end{pmatrix}  \begin{pmatrix}   2 &amp;0  &amp;0  &amp;0  &amp;0\\   0 &amp;2  &amp;0  &amp;0  &amp;0\\   0 &amp;0  &amp;1  &amp;0  &amp;0\\   0 &amp;0  &amp;0  &amp;1  &amp;0\\   0 &amp;0  &amp;0  &amp;0  &amp;1 \end{pmatrix} How to create Mist in Blender I already tried several ways to create Mist in Blender, but it never worked 100%. I use Blender 2.78 and I want to create Mist like in this scene here.  What are the exact steps?     Here is what I have tried so far:  I already tried this:  but it simply did not work .. I dont know why.  (EDIT: I managed to fix it: Check out this graphic:   Until now I already used objects successfully as Mist-creators (Volume Scatter under Volume Material). The bad thing about using Objects as Mist-creator is that they dont have an endless mist range + the mist can not be bright. Normally it appears grayish result is bad..  Check it out  Please help $\pi$ can be represented as $C/D$, and $C/D$ is a fraction, and the definition of an irrational number is that it cannot be represented as a fraction.   Then why is $\pi$ an irrational number? Can TikZ create pixel art images? Can you create images like this:    when you have something like  0 = green (#54ff00) 1 = white (#ffffff) 2 = red   (#ff0000) 3 = blue  (#0048ff)  Image (Python list of integers defined above): [[2,0,0,0,0,0,0],  [0,3,0,0,0,0,0],  [0,3,2,1,1,0,0],  [0,3,2,2,2,1,1],  [0,3,2,0,0,1,0],  [0,0,0,0,0,1,0],  [0,0,0,0,0,1,0]]   with TikZ?  How far I got  The following MWE defines all colors, produces a grid of the correct size (though the size is determined by hand):  \documentclass[varwidth=true, border=2pt]{standalone} \usepackage{tikz} \usepackage{xcolor}  \begin{document}     \newcommand\n{7}     \definecolor{green}{HTML}{54FF00}     \definecolor{wite}{HTML}{FFFFFF}     \definecolor{red}{HTML}{FF0000}     \definecolor{blue}{HTML}{0048FF}     \begin{tikzpicture}         \foreach \x in {1,...,\n}{             \foreach \y in {1,...,\n}{                 \begin{scope}[shift={(\x,\y)}]                   \draw [fill=green] (0,0) rectangle (1,1);                 \end{scope}             }         }     \end{tikzpicture} \end{document}   Of course, I could simpy make a lot of adjusted                   \begin{scope}[shift={(\x,\y)}]                   \draw [fill=green] (0,0) rectangle (1,1);                 \end{scope}   but I've wondered if this can (with reasonable effort) be done in TikZ / LaTeX.  My problem is giving TikZ the color array. I don't have any idea how to do this. I only know two types of looks in TikZ:  \foreach \x in {0,1,2,3,4,5}{...} \foreach \number in {1,...,\n}{...}   I have never seen a nested over a 2D-array. All I have seen so far were 1D-Arrays of tuples (with fixed tuple size). Can we have a list of all the Stack Exchange domains somewhere, for firewall purposes? I can't find .bash_profile in Ubuntu 14.04 in my /home/user directory. I used the ls -a command to see the .bash_profile, but there isn't such a file. How can I use xindy on a system with libncurses.so.6? Some document elements (e.g., figures in the book class) are numbered per chapter (figure 1.1, 1.2, 2.1, ...). How can I achieve continuous numbering (figure 1, 2, 3, ...)?  And vice versa: Some document elements (e.g., figures in the article class) are numbered continuously. How can I achieve per-section numbering?  \documentclass{book}% for "vice versa" variant, replace `book` with `article`  \begin{document}  \chapter{foo}% for "vice versa" variant, replace `\chapter` with `\section`  \begin{figure} \centering \rule{1cm}{1cm}% placeholder for graphic \caption{A figure} \end{figure}  \end{document}   Bonus question: Is it possible to adjust the numbering of the sectioning headings themselves? Can I, e.g., switch from per-chapter to continuous numbering of sections in the book class? Format number to always show 2 decimal places Keytool Signing Problem: Keystore was tampered with, or password was incorrect Deleting external/auxiliary files? A property of every real polynomial. Question: For every polynomial $P(x)$ of degree at n we have $$\sum_{i=0}^{n+1}(-1)^i\binom{n+1}{i}P(i)=0$$  Well I was inducting on degree of the polynomial, for $n=0$ its true and I got a bit confused in the inductive step, actually I cant figure the inductive step.   Is this property (if true) a famous one?  Thank you for your help. Repeatedly taking differences on a polynomial yields the factorial of its degree? How to disable pagebreak on \hline in longtable? How to disable pagebreak on \hline in longtable?  This is an example illustrating my problem:  \documentclass[12pt,a4paper,oneside]{letter}  \usepackage{longtable}  \begin{document}  \begin{longtable}{ | p{5cm} | } \hline Table header\\* \hline Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Mauris pharetra porttitor turpis, id egestas neque congue in. Nam sed lorem lorem, ac tristique tellus. Nunc ornare feugiat orci, a blandit turpis facilisis ut. Aenean pharetra ornare ante. Sed tempus leo in dolor eleifend placerat. Integer at enim augue. Ut nisl tortor, interdum ac porttitor ac, sagittis quis libero. Vivamus nibh metus, ornare vel pulvinar nec, fringilla nec orci. Maecenas mollis nulla a nibh fringilla nec convallis augue varius. Vestibulum ante ipsum primis in faucibus orci luctus et ultrices posuere   cubilia Curae. \\ Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Mauris pharetra porttitor turpis, id egestas neque congue in. Nam sed lorem lorem, ac tristique tellus. Nunc ornare feugiat orci, a blandit turpis facilisis ut. Aenean pharetra ornare ante. Sed tempus leo in dolor eleifend placerat.  Integer at enim augue. Ut nisl tortor, interdum ac porttitor ac, sagittis quis libero. Vivamus nibh metus, ornare vel pulvinar nec, fringilla nec    orci. Maecenas mollis nulla a nibh fringilla nec convallis augue varius.   Vestibulum ante ipsum primis in faucibus orci luctus et ultrices posuere   cubilia Curae. \\ \hline Table header\\* \hline Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Mauris pharetra porttitor turpis, id egestas neque congue in. Nam sed lorem lorem, ac    tristique tellus. Nunc ornare feugiat orci, a blandit turpis facilisis ut. Aenean pharetra ornare ante. Sed tempus leo in dolor eleifend placerat.    Integer at enim augue. Ut nisl tortor, interdum ac porttitor ac, sagittis  quis libero. Vivamus nibh metus, ornare vel pulvinar nec, fringilla nec    orci. Maecenas mollis nulla a nibh fringilla nec convallis augue varius.   Vestibulum ante ipsum primis in faucibus orci luctus et ultrices posuere  cubilia Curae. \\ \hline \end{longtable}  \end{document}   I'd like to have second header on page 3. I do not control table contents, so I can not do page breaks manually. Zero morphism does not depend on zero object I want to prove that zero morphism does not depend on zero object. Let a zero object $0 \in \mathcal{C}$.  I supposed that exists another zero object $0' \in \mathcal{C}$, and I considered $0: A \to B$ and also $$A \to 0 \to 0' \to B$$ But I don't know to prove that zero morphism $0: A \to B$ not does not depend on zero object. Can anybody give me a suggestion? Prove that for sufficiently large $x$, $(\log x)^p<x$ where $p$ is a positive integer. Definitions and usage of Covariant, Form-invariant & Invariant? Just wondering about the definitions and usage of these three terms.  To my understanding so far, "covariant" and "form-invariant" are used when referring to physical laws, and these words are synonyms?  "Invariant" on the other hand refers to physical quantities?  Would you ever use "invariant" when talking about a law? I ask as I'm slightly confused over a sentence in my undergrad modern physics textbook:     "In general, Newton's laws must be replaced by Einstein's relativistic laws...which hold for all speeds and are invariant, as are all physical laws, under the Lorentz transformations." [emphasis added]      ~ Serway, Moses &amp; Moyer. Modern Physics, 3rd ed.   Did they just use the wrong word?