I want to take a string (for example,"jeff") and find the bit equivalent in the string. I tried with the dictionary but I couldn't able to find how to do it. How can I solve that problem please help me. (and sorry my English is not good :) )      static void Main(string[] args)     {         Dictionary&lt;string, int&gt; alfabe = new Dictionary&lt;string, int&gt;()         {             {"a",00000 },             {"b",00001 },             {"c",00010 },             {"d",00011 },             { "e",00100},             { "f",00101},             { "g",00110},             { "h",00111},             { "i",01000},             { "j",01001},             { "k",01010},             { "l",01011},             { "m",01100},             { "n",01101},             { "o",01110},             { "p",01111},             { "r",10000},             { "s",10001},             { "t",10010},             { "u",10011},             { "v",10100},             { "y",10101},             { "z",10110}          };         Console.Write("String gir: ");         string yazi = Console.ReadLine();         char[] harflistem = yazi.ToCharArray();         for (int [i] = 0; i &lt; harflistem.Length; i++)             foreach (KeyValuePair&lt;string,Int16&gt; char[i] in alfabe)              {              }          {          }          Console.WriteLine("I want to show binary );     } }   }
Is there a way to write binary literals in C#, like prefixing hexadecimal with 0x? 0b doesn't work.  If not, what is an easy way to do it? Some kind of string conversion?
Easy way to write contents of a Java InputStream to an OutputStream I was surprised to find today that I couldn't track down any simple way to write the contents of an InputStream to an OutputStream in Java. Obviously, the byte buffer code isn't difficult to write, but I suspect I'm just missing something which would make my life easier (and the code clearer).  So, given an InputStream in and an OutputStream out, is there a simpler way to write the following?  byte[] buffer = new byte[1024]; int len = in.read(buffer); while (len != -1) {     out.write(buffer, 0, len);     len = in.read(buffer); } I just recently completed a neutral run where I experimented seeing how the story would go on if I only killed certain characters (it was my second run, my first run was True Pacifist) and I ended up choosing to kill Flowey instead of letting him live. I planned to start a Genocide run after resetting the game, but Flowey was gone when i did. Flowey is basically the base for each story in undertale (pacifist and genocide) so I know I can't progress any further without him being here. I really just want to start anew and, without Flowey, I dont think I can access True Resets anymore. It may be possible if I did a genocide route, but then I'd have to fight Sans, and that would take FOREVER.  Basically, I am wondering if I can erase all my progress somehow. I heard that True Resets don't erase everything entirely, so is there another way? Please respond, Undertale is the only game I have that's any fun and I don't want to have to buy another game. pgfplots: correct rounding problems I had a problem with disappearing marker as the data sum up to more than 100 while xmax was set to 100. See .  As written in the answer to the cited question I tried to avoid the problem by normalizing the value to 100. But this lead to (much smaller) rounding errors in previously correct rows and now the marker disappear there. See the following example. Before the normalisation the column F ist affected, after the column B.   How can I in a reliable way avoid this rounding problem? Or at least get a clear error message. I have quite a number of this plots and I don't want to have to check them all the time for missing markers.    \documentclass{scrreprt} \usepackage{pgfplots} \pgfplotsset{compat=1.13} \usepackage{pgfplotstable} \pgfplotsset{  my stackbar plot/.style={              xbar stacked,              xmin=0,xmax=100,              symbolic y coords={A,B,C,D,E,F,G},              ytick=data,              nodes near coords={xxx},}}  \begin{document}  \pgfplotstableread[col sep=space]{  text   --  -    +       ++  A      0.0 1.7 13.8    84.5  B      0.0 0.6 20.1    79.3  C      0.0 1.9 13.2    84.9  D      0.0 1.6 27.9    70.5  E      1.3 3.9 19.5    75.3  F      0.0 1.4 15.0    83.7  G      0.3 1.7 24.8    73.2  }\data   \pgfplotstablecreatecol[create col/expr={\thisrow{--}+\thisrow{-}+\thisrow{+}+\thisrow{++}}]{sum}\data %  \pgfplotstablecreatecol[create col/copy=--]{--o}\data  \pgfplotstablecreatecol[create col/copy=-]{-o}\data  \pgfplotstablecreatecol[create col/copy=+]{+o}\data  \pgfplotstablecreatecol[create col/copy=++]{++o}\data  \pgfplotstablecreatecol[create col/expr={100/\thisrow{sum}*\thisrow{--o}}]{--}\data  \pgfplotstablecreatecol[create col/expr={100/\thisrow{sum}*\thisrow{-o}}]{-}\data  \pgfplotstablecreatecol[create col/expr={100/\thisrow{sum}*\thisrow{+o}}]{+}\data  \pgfplotstablecreatecol[create col/expr={100/\thisrow{sum}*\thisrow{++o}}]{++}\data  \pgfplotstablecreatecol[create col/expr={\thisrow{--}+\thisrow{-}+\thisrow{+}+\thisrow{++}}]{sumnew}\data  \pgfplotstabletypeset[columns={text,sum}   ,precision=10,columns/text/.style={string type}]\data \quad \pgfplotstabletypeset[columns={text,sumnew},precision=10,columns/text/.style={string type}]\data   %\pgfplotstablesave{\data}{pgfplotstempout.dat} \begin{tikzpicture} \begin{axis}[my stackbar plot]  \addplot table [x expr = \thisrow{--o},y=text] {\data};  \addplot table [x expr = \thisrow{-o}, y=text] {\data};  \addplot table [x expr = \thisrow{+o}, y=text] {\data};  \addplot table [x expr = \thisrow{++o}, y=text] {\data}; \end{axis} \end{tikzpicture} \quad \begin{tikzpicture} \begin{axis}[my stackbar plot]  \addplot table [x expr = \thisrow{--},y=text] {\data};  \addplot table [x expr = \thisrow{-}, y=text] {\data};  \addplot table [x expr = \thisrow{+}, y=text] {\data};  \addplot table [x expr = \thisrow{++}, y=text] {\data}; \end{axis} \end{tikzpicture}  \end{document} I have been running Ubuntu 12.04 for the past few weeks. I recently tried to download and install some files through the Update Manager. It located a few files, downloaded them, but then failed to install them. It gave the error:  installArchives() failed: (Reading database ...  (Reading database ... 80% dpkg: unrecoverable fatal error, aborting:  reading files list for package 'libasn1-8-heimdal': Input/output error   I tried using apt-get upgrade but a similar error was produced:  Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree        Reading state information... Done The following packages will be upgraded:   icedtea-6-jre-cacao icedtea-6-jre-jamvm openjdk-6-jre openjdk-6-jre-headless   openjdk-6-jre-lib 5 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded. Need to get 0 B/34.6 MB of archives. After this operation, 1,024 B of additional disk space will be used. Do you want to continue [Y/n]? y (Reading database ... 80% dpkg: unrecoverable fatal error, aborting:  reading files list for package 'libasn1-8-heimdal': Input/output error E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (2)   Any help would be greatly appreciated. Thanks in advance.  Edit: Here's some extra information that may be useful. My original problem was that the Ubuntu Software Centre would not open. I found that the Update Manager and Synaptic Package Manager also failed to open. They all gave an error along the lines of:   "installArchives() failed: dpkg: error: reading package info file '/var/lib/dpkg/available': Input/output errorError in function:"   After much googling I seemed to fix that problem as the package managers would open again. When I then tried to download and install any updates from the Update Manager I got the error at the beginning of this post. Let $P$ be a probability measure on $(\Omega, \mathscr{F})$, If $a,b,\in\mathscr{F}$ and $A\subset B$, then $P(B)-P(A)=P(B\setminus A)\ge 0$.  So far I have:  $A\subset B \implies B\setminus A = B\cap A^c = \emptyset$ as $A$ and $B^c$ are disjoint. Since $A\cup (B\setminus A)=A\cup (B\cap A^c)=(A\cup B)\cap (A\cup A^c)=B\cap\Omega = B$  Then for $A,B\in \mathscr{F}\implies P(A\cup (B\setminus A))=P(A)+P(B\setminus A) = P(B)$ by countable additivity.  Rearranging, $P(B)-P(A)=P(B\setminus A) \ge 0$. $$\lim_{n\to\infty} (1+\frac{2}{n})^{n^2} e^{-2n} = ? $$         $e$   $e^2$   $e^{-1}$   $e^{-2}$      My answer is 1. Since $$\lim_{n \to \infty} \left(1+\frac{2}{n}\right)^{n} =e^{+2}.$$  Therefore $$\lim_{n\to\infty} \left(1+\frac{2}{n}\right)^{n^2} =e^{2n}.$$  Where am I wrong? How to force restart an iPhone with broken home button Earlier today I was on my iPhone and it randomly froze so I turned it off. When I went to unlock it it wouldn't move. I couldn't unlock it or tap anything. So now I can only stay on the lock screen. I read on the Apple website that I should "force restart" it by pressing my home button and power button at the same time. The problem is my home button is stuck and doesn't work. What should I do? Does this sentence seem weird? Is there an easier or more 'correct' way to open gedit as root? I have ubuntu 12.04 running in a virtual machine on virtual box.  Its existence is mainly as a 'toy' to play about with Ubuntu, so for this reason I wanted the GUI (is that what 'Dash' is in ubuntu 12.04?  Anyway...)  One thing I am currently using this machine for is a LAMP server.     I use 'gedit' to edit my files, but because I haven't correctly set permissions yet I just open it with sudo in terminal.  Just now, to try to simplify this process I created a shell script on the desktop with a very simple job - sudo gedit  I can't help thinking there must be an even more obvious way to open gedit as root from the GUI than this.  So is there?  Edit:  I just 'improved' my script by replacing sudo with gksudo.  Now I don't have to have a terminal window open while gedit is open.   So I guess this is quite convenient for now :)   It would be good, for the sake of knowledge, to know if this is anything close to how the more seasoned ubuntu users would do this type of thing. How do I troubleshoot high 'svchost.exe' usage in Windows 7? How do I disable the guest session? Good practices for organizing notes $\operatorname{rank}(T^3) + \operatorname{rank}(T) \geq 2\operatorname{rank}(T^2)$ for finite-dimensional $V$ Consider a finite-dimensional vector space $V$ over the field $\mathbb{F}$ with a linear operator $T.$ Prove that we have $\operatorname{rank}(T^3) + \operatorname{rank}(T) \geq 2 \operatorname{rank}(T^2).$   First, let us assume that $\dim_{\mathbb{F}}(V) = n.$ Our immediate observations include that $T^3(V) \subseteq T^2(V) \subseteq T(V)$ so that $\operatorname{rank}(T^3) \leq \operatorname{rank}(T^2) \leq \operatorname{rank}(T)$ and $\operatorname{rank}(T^3) \geq \operatorname{rank}(T) + \operatorname{rank}(T^2) - n$ by Sylvester's Rank Inequality. Can we do some manipulations with what we have to get the desired inequality, or do we require something else? "whatever" as pure determiner? My dictionaries and references define, and I've always thought of, one of the functions of the word whatever as a "relative determiner."  In a sentence like, "I will help you in whatever way is possible,"  inserting the relative pronoun "that" between "way" and  "is", or replacing "whatever" with "the" - a pure, non-relative determiner - (I reckon) renders it ungrammatical:     *I will help you in whatever way that is possible.   *I will help you in the way is possible.   However, I do often encounter utterances like the first one above, such as:     My hope and intent is to contribute in whatever way that I can.   I wish to be of service to the local communities in whatever way that is possible.   where "that" is used, and thus "whatever" can be replaced by "the" without  making the sentences ungrammatical (if they are grammatical to begin with):     My hope and intent is to contribute in the way that I can.   I wish to be of service to the local communities in the way that is possible.   Is this usage of "that" with "whatever" wrong, though colloquial? How do I use variables in a sed command? I tried the following code to replace QQ with ZZ, but it doesn't do what I want:  var1=QQ sed -i 's/$var1/ZZ/g' $file   However, this code does what I want:  sed -i 's/QQ/ZZ/g' $file   How do I use variables in sed? What's the deal with the phrase "could care less"?  Whilst growing up, I've always known people (parents etc) to use the phrase "couldn't care less", but I've also come across people who use the phrase "could care less" to mean the same thing (that is, "I do not care at all about that").  To me "couldn't care less" seems a lot more logical. If I couldn't care less about something, that implies I do not care about it at all. In contrast to this, to my mind the phrase "could care less" seems to indicate "I do care about this to some degree at least", but that's definitely not the meaning intended.  What's going on here? Is my (logical) analysis correct or in error? How to monitor who is pinging me? Is there a way to know who is pinging my PC on my network? Is it possible to monitor all ICMP packets? How can I do that? How do I reset an old iPod? UAE visit visa with expired passport number I'm trying to execute a string into my bash script. String contains variables (so I could substitute some CLI arguments depending on circumstances).  The problem is when I use variable containing --argument=value, everything breaks up, giving error:  Missing trailing-' in remote-shell command.   Example code:  #!/bin/bash  rsync_path="/usr/bin/rsync -azhrP" rsync_ssh_cmd="--rsh='ssh -o Compression=no'"  `$rsync_path /path/to/file $rsync_ssh_cmd username@localhost:/tmp`   If I just echo the last string from this code, it looks fine. But if i try to execute this string from script, it doesn't executes as expected.  I found a workaround - everything became OK if I try  eval "my-command-string"   instead of  `my-command-string`   or  (my-command-string)   Why does it so? How could I (should I really?) avoid to use eval?  I use bash 4.3.11(1)-release (x86_64-pc-linux-gnu) (Kubuntu 14.04.3).