There seems to be no definitive solution for this, either in Ubuntu's official documentation or other sources of information.  In some places systemctl is suggested but I think Ubuntu does not support it for the moment.  Other suggestions include manually creating the links, but I feel there should be a better way. On the other hand there are graphical programs to achieve this, but what about servers without GUI?  In Fedora I don't think this is an issue. You can use chkconfig to add/remove a service from the startup sequence.  The equivalent of chkconfig for Ubuntu seems update-rc.d, but:  # update-rc.d modemmanager enable update-rc.d: /etc/init.d/modemmanager: file does not exist   Since Ubuntu is the most used GNU/Linux distribution, I believe there must be a way to do this in the command line with a specific command.
3003
I read about how to enable and disable services in Ubuntu and it seems that there are different possibilities to manage them.  The first method I found is update-rc.d to add new services to startup, which aims on the /etc/init.d folder and its contents.  The other one I found is to edit .conf files in the /etc/init folder.  What's the recommended way to enable / disable / add services and why?  Could you please give a short bulletproof step by step example on how to add a service in Ubuntu and enable and disable it?
15935
I believe in Windows Vista, we could use linkd command. However, I cannot find this command in Windows 7. I know I can use Windows Explorer and delete the junction, but I wonder if this can be done in Command Prompt.  I can use mklink command to create a junction from a Command Prompt, so, what is the opposite of it (something like linkd)?
32905
I am working on Ubuntu 12.04 64bit.  I want to add "Open terminal here" to Nautilus context or right-click menu but it tries to download 32bit version from Internet.
29164
I want to update my sources.list file with the fastest server from the command line in a fresh Ubuntu Server install. I know this is trivially easy with the GUI, but there doesn't seem to be a simple way to do it from from the command line?
85670
Much like /etc/profile and ~/.profile but ran by root instead of the user is doing login. /etc/rc.local runs after boot but I need running the script before login. The user is not a sudoer one.   Thanks!
52615
How do I select which server Ubuntu will get it's software and updates from? I know how to find the  on the web, but not how to use them.
96738
Ubuntu manages a list of . If I wish to stay updated on a specific major revision (3.12.x), how can I automate this? And how do I stop Software Updater from suggesting 3.11.x kernels when searching for new updates.
13189
I know there is a GUI in Ubuntu Software &amp; Updates to enable the update channels   updates proposed backports security   as shown in this screenshot:    I am looking for an easy way to do this from within a terminal using commands such as    sudo apt-add-update enable updates sudo apt-add-update enable proposed sudo apt-add-update enable backports sudo apt-add-update enable security  sudo apt-add-update disable updates sudo apt-add-update disable proposed sudo apt-add-update disable backports sudo apt-add-update disable security   and an additional thing  sudo apt-add-update enable default  sudo apt-add-update disable default     Some examples for a better understanding   An empty sources.list   cat /etc/apt/sources.list  &lt;empty&gt;  sudo apt-add-update enable security  &lt;empty&gt;   One enabled repository (main)   cat /etc/apt/sources.list  deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu wily main  sudo apt-add-update enable security  deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu wily main deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu wily-security main   Two or more enabled repositories in one or two lines   cat /etc/apt/sources.list  deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu wily main universe   or   deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu wily main deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu wily universe  sudo apt-add-update enable security  deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu wily main universe deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu wily-security main universe   or  deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu wily main deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu wily-security main deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu wily universe deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu wily-security universe   With deb-src entries   cat /etc/apt/sources.list  deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu wily main universe deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu wily main universe  sudo apt-add-update enable security  deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu wily main universe deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu wily main universe deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu wily-security main universe deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu wily-security main universe   With inactive deb-src entries   cat /etc/apt/sources.list  deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu wily main universe # deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu wily main universe  sudo apt-add-update enable security  deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu wily main universe # deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu wily main universe deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu wily-security main universe   The default thing    cat /etc/apt/sources.list  deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu wily-security universe  sudo apt-add-update enable default  deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu wily universe deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu wily-security universe   Only one entry and the disable action   cat /etc/apt/sources.list  deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu wily-security universe  sudo apt-add-update disable security  &lt;empty&gt;   Different or the same servers for different or the samerepositories, respect each server   cat /etc/apt/sources.list  deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu wily universe deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu wily main  sudo apt-add-update enable security  deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu wily universe deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu wily main deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu wily-security universe deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu wily-security main   Different Ubuntu releases for different repositories, respect each release   cat /etc/apt/sources.list  deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu wily main universe deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu trusty main  sudo apt-add-update enable security  deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu wily main universe deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu trusty main deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu wily-security main universe deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu trusty-security main   PPAs or other package sources (not-Canonical)  in the sources.list?  Ignore! Don't change the protocols, e.g. https, http, tor, ...
16444
The server version of Ubuntu does not have the  command. How can I add a  (PPA) to the server without this command?
122636
I've discovered this yesterday, as it was generating system load on otherwise idle Ubuntu 14.04 Desktop machine.  Today, I've confirmed such behavior also on another Ubuntu instance (17.10 in Virtualbox VM)  The sub-process in command line looks like below ( I've put this as picture below intentionally to prevent askubuntu.com from changing/escaping the content )   For me it looks like exploit/malware. Or at least there is something to hide.  this happens even for url
21817
I typed:  sudo update-alternatives --install "/usr/bin/java" "java" "/usr/lib/jvm/ jdk1.8.0/bin/java" 1   It's says alternatives --install needs link name path priority
99640
I'm running a private game server on a headless linux box. Because I'm not an idiot, said server is running as its own unprivileged user with the bare minimum access rights it needs to download updates and modify the world database.  I also created a systemd unit file to properly start, stop and restart the server when needed (for said updates, for example).   However, in order to actually call systemctl or service &lt;game&gt; start/stop/restart I still need to log in as either root or a sudo capable user.   Is there a way to tell systemd that for the &lt;game&gt; service, unprivileged user gamesrv is permitted to run the start/stop/restart commands?
47696
I found that it can be done with loopback as follows  menuentry "Lucid ISO" { loopback loop (hd0,1)/boot/iso/ubuntu-10.04-desktop-i386.iso linux (loop)/casper/vmlinuz boot=casper iso-scan/filename=/boot/iso/ubuntu-10.04-desktop-i386.iso noprompt noeject initrd (loop)/casper/initrd.lz }   But it works only with ubuntu or its derivatives. How it should be written if I want to boot other live images like fedora, cent, opensuse etc. ?  Edit: I found some other entries but all of them are probably debian based.  menuentry "Linux Mint 10 Gnome ISO" {  loopback loop /linuxmint10.iso  linux (loop)/casper/vmlinuz file=/cdrom/preseed/mint.seed boot=casper initrd=/casper/initrd.lz iso-scan/filename=/linuxmint10.iso noeject noprompt splash --  initrd (loop)/casper/initrd.lz }  menuentry "DBAN ISO" {  loopback loop /dban.iso  linux (loop)/DBAN.BZI nuke="dwipe" iso-scan/filename=/dban.iso silent -- }   menuentry "Tinycore ISO" {  loopback loop /tinycore.iso  linux (loop)/boot/bzImage --  initrd (loop)/boot/tinycore.gz }   menuentry "SystemRescueCd" {  loopback loop /systemrescuecd.iso  linux (loop)/isolinux/rescuecd isoloop=/systemrescuecd.iso setkmap=us docache dostartx  initrd (loop)/isolinux/initram.igz }   Edit2: How to chainload grub and syslinux from grub2?  Edit3: I want to boot other live images without any removable devices and use grub2 so need menu entries specific to grub2.
69719
systemctl --user seems to be working fine for the desktop user:  dev@dev-VirtualBox:~$ systemctl --user &gt; /dev/null dev@dev-VirtualBox:~$ echo $? 0   But when running the same command under the www-data user I get an unexpected response  dev@dev-VirtualBox:~$ sudo su www-data -s /bin/bash www-data@dev-VirtualBox:~$ systemctl --user &gt; /dev/null  Failed to connect to bus: No such file or directory  www-data@dev-VirtualBox:~$ echo $?  1   How to enable systemctl --user here?  Running Ubuntu 16.04
45435
Alright, so due to problems connecting to a wifi network on the ubuntu server distribution, i want to install the neccesary packages for a lamp, mail and ssh server on an ubuntu desktop 14.04 lte distribution(i am able to connect to the internet with the desktop version).  what should i install from the command line?  Thanks in advance!
73671
I have a server running Ubuntu 12.10 and need to be able to remote to this server without being logged-in.  I have found many solutions, but none seem to work with 12.10.  Can anyone give me step-by-step instructions on how to configure x11vnc to start as a service (prior to user login) so that when connecting with VNC I will be presented with a graphical login screen?  I'm new to Linux so please give as much detail as possible in your responses/comments.  Thanks
34343
When trying to update I get an error message   E: dpkg was interrupted, you must manually run 'sudo dpkg --configure -a' to correct the problem.    But when I try to run this command the screen goes completely black and nothing happens.  From what I can tell it is trying to install Linux headers when this happens.  This is a fresh install of less than a week old. At this time I can not install anything new or update anything. How do I solve this issue?  Log File:  12:50:16 systemd-journal: Journal stopped 12:50:16 kernel: Sending SIGTERM to remaining processes... 12:50:16 kernel: Syncing filesystems and block devices. 12:50:16 kernel: printk: systemd-shutdow: 78 output lines suppressed due to ratelimiting 12:50:16 systemd: Shutting down. 12:50:15 NetworkManager: &lt;info&gt;  [1565373015.4510] exiting (success) 12:50:15 systemd: Stopped Raise network interfaces. 12:50:15 NetworkManager: &lt;info&gt;  [1565373015.4124] caught SIGTERM, shutting down normally. 12:50:15 systemd: Stopping Network Manager... 12:50:15 pulseaudio: E: [alsa-sink-HDMI 1] alsa-sink.c: Error opening PCM device hdmi:0,1: No such file or directory 12:50:15 systemd: Stopped D-Bus User Message Bus. 12:50:15 systemd-logind: Removed session 2. 12:50:15 systemd: Stopping D-Bus User Message Bus... 12:50:15 gdm-x-session: (II) Server terminated successfully (0). Closing log file. 12:50:14 systemd: Stopped ACPI event daemon. 12:50:14 (sd-pam): pam_unix(systemd-user:session): session closed for user gdm 12:50:14 systemd: gdm.service: Succeeded. 12:50:14 gdm3: Child process -1517 was already dead. 12:50:14 systemd: Started Exit the Session. 12:50:14 gdm3: Child process -1517 was already dead. 12:50:14 systemd: systemd-exit.service: Succeeded. 12:50:14 gdm-x-session: (II) systemd-logind: releasing fd for 13:65 12:50:14 systemd: Stopped sandboxed app permission store. 12:50:14 systemd-logind: Removed session c2. 12:50:14 gdm-x-session: (II) systemd-logind: releasing fd for 13:64 12:50:14 systemd: Stopping User Manager for UID 123... 12:50:14 gdm-x-session: (II) Server terminated successfully (0). Closing log file. 12:50:13 gdm3: Freeing conversation 'gdm-launch-environment' with active job 12:50:13 systemd: Stopped Network Manager Wait Online. 12:50:13 dbus-daemon: [system] Activation via systemd failed for unit 'accounts-daemon.service': Refusing activation, D-Bus is shutting down. 12:50:13 systemd: Stopped target Network is Online. 12:50:13 gdm3: Tried to look up non-existent conversation gdm-launch-environment 12:50:13 gdm-x-session: (II) systemd-logind: releasing fd for 13:68 12:50:13 avahi-daemon: avahi-daemon 0.7 exiting. 12:50:13 dbus-daemon: [system] Activating via systemd: service name='org.freedesktop.Accounts' unit='accounts-daemon.service' requested by ':1.478' (uid=0 pid=3680 comm="gdm-session-worker [pam/gdm-launch-environment] " label="unconfined") 12:50:13 systemd: Stopped CUPS Scheduler. 12:50:13 gdm3: Failed to list cached users: GDBus.Error:org.freedesktop.DBus.Error.ServiceUnknown: The name :1.7 was not provided by any .service files 12:50:13 systemd: Stopped PackageKit Daemon. 12:50:13 udisksd: udisks daemon version 2.8.2 exiting 12:50:13 systemd: Stopped Accounts Service. 12:50:13 apport:    ...done. 12:50:13 systemd: Stopped LSB: Record successful boot for GRUB. 12:50:13 dbus-daemon: [session uid=1000 pid=3647] AppArmor D-Bus mediation is enabled 12:50:13 systemd: Stopping Authorization Manager... 12:50:13 avahi-daemon: Leaving mDNS multicast group on interface lo.IPv4 with address 127.0.0.1. 12:50:13 systemd: Stopped target Host and Network Name Lookups. 12:50:13 avahi-daemon: Leaving mDNS multicast group on interface enp7s0.IPv4 with address 192.58.0.150. 12:50:13 systemd-logind: Session c2 logged out. Waiting for processes to exit. 12:50:13 systemd: Stopping CUPS Scheduler... 12:50:13 avahi-daemon: Leaving mDNS multicast group on interface enp7s0.IPv6 with address fe80::fd7:6a47:d5ba:6c3c. 12:50:13 systemd-logind: Session 2 logged out. Waiting for processes to exit.