Sorry if this has been asked, i searched but found nothing.  We can take these as facts,  that humans/roumlans/vulans/klingons/betazoids/etc can interbreed and have non-sterile children.  We also know that some species like Vulans, Romulans, exist and that in earth mythology those same names occur as names of gods.    It seems to me that this all seems to point to the fact that there was some founding species ages ago who spread their seed and culture through out the galaxy.  From a genetic point of view, the fact that all these species can interbreed should show they diverged from the same genome at some period in the past,  otherwise it is unprecedented to common medical knowledge.    Also imagine that these same founder gods left their culture, their myths, their stories, etc, with their offspring they left on the planet.  Our myths of the gods Vulcan and Romulus/Remus are really just imprints left from the original founders and interpreted/mis-interpreted by us.    Anyway I am just wondering if someone has ever addressed this.  Seems kinda interesting to me.
121867
Romulus, Vulcan, Kronos, Orion,... and many other examples in the Star Trek universe. Is there a reason why they all have names from Roman and Greek mythology?  is there a reason for that ? Are they just using Federation (human) designations when in fact they have different names in their respective culture's native languages?
124230
Through the course of the Star Trek franchise, some species have undergone significant changes in their appearance.  For example, here is a Klingon as seen in The Original Series.    And, here is one from The Next Generation.    Quite interestingly, if we go further back into Star Trek universe history, we find that Klingons from before the time of TOS looked much like they did in TNG.  Here's one from Enterprise.    Klingons weren't the only ones who went through this, and it didn't just happen in the transition from TOS to the TNG/DS9/VOY era.  Here's a Trill from an episode in TNG.    And, this is one from DS9.    I'm sure these aren't the only species to have undergone changes like this.  Have there ever been in-universe explanations for these, or others?
36671
Related:   This is a subtly different question because I'm not asking whether there's a historical relationship between the two lineages.  I am asking this question because answers to these questions:      are making assumptions about the appearance of Padme while pregnant, the period of gestation, and appearance of newborn babies.  All of these presuppose that the "humans" of the Star Wars Galaxy are 100% biologically equivalent to us.   In fact, as far as I know, we don't actually know any of those facts from canon.   (Do we?)   All we know is that "human" children and adults look like us.  So, do we have any canon or out-of-universe commentary that tells us that Star Wars humans and Earth humans are biologically equivalent?  Another way to put this would be  If presented with a Star Wars human and a Milky Way human, would the best doctors or the best medical droids be able to distinguish them?
38304
Are there any works, canon or otherwise, that deal with the concept of the Founders, or other shapeshifters, being assimilated or otherwise encountering the Borg?  The idea of an assimilated Founder just came to me, and the difficulty of inserting nanoprobes into a non-solid mass interests me. I suspect the answer to this question is negative, but am curious.
58402
This question  mentions that the clones still have their sex drive.  But  mentioned in the text only adopted children, he didn't actually father them.  If the clones were able to produce children they might have more cause to abandon the clone wars.  Could the clones reproduce the old fashioned way, or were they deliberately sterilized?
24069
I see no reason they should be (they come from different planets), but if so, how can they have children?
95919
"According to preliminary sequences, 99.7% of the nucleotide sequences of the modern human and Neanderthal genomes are identical, compared to humans sharing around 98.8% of sequences with the chimpanzee."   What precisely is the issue with the supposed 2-4% of Neanderthal genetic material, how does that connect with the general near-total-identity of genetic material?   Does the 2-4% refer largely to analysis of haplotypes, which I take to mean clusters of alleles/ groups of specific traits, which reveal direct contact between the populations?
111883
Hybrids are fairly common in Star Trek:  is half Vulcan,  is half Betazoid,  is half Klingon and, just for good measure,  is ¼ Romulan.  However, in all of these cases that I can think of, the other half is always human.  Are there any non-human hybrid characters? Especially ones that are recurring or at least the focus of an episode?  If not, is there an out-of-universe explanation for their absence/rarity/scarcity? From a fandom point of view, I can’t imagine a half-Klingon half-Vulcan might not make for an interesting story, for example.
30303
This came up in a talk with a friend. I wanted to clear this doubt. I've read about it before and did again after her remark (my thoughts didn't change: her concept is Lamarck's, not Darwin's), but wanted to clarify.  Regarding Evolution, nothing, absolutely nothing, that a person does to herself in life can be genetically inherited. It does not matter how much this person drinks, the changes they do to their body,  how dark their skin gets over life etc. Such changes can not be transmitted to their offspring in any way, correct?  *Summary:*Is the assertion "You can not change in life what will be genetically inherited in any possible way" true?
1263
Is there a canon mention that Kenobi, Windu, Palpatine, the Skywalkers etc. are the same human species as all the other humans in  like Han Solo?  They look like humans, but we know that they're different in at least one characteristic: midi-chlorian hosting, which I suppose humans can't do as per definition.    Answers only from Canon, please. EU is welcome...
61475
The vast majority of intelligent species in the Star Trek universe are bipedal, humanoid creatures.  From the lot I've seen of TOS, TNG, DS9, Voyager, Enterprise, and the movies, it seems that this coincidence goes largely unquestioned.  Metaknowledge grants that it is much easier to have human actors portray human-like beings, and so this was probably done due to budgetary/technological limitations.  However, I'm wondering if an in-universe reason for this was ever given or explored?
65303
Background  The standard definition of species refers to the concept of . If two lineages are found to be reproductively isolated, then we consider these two lineages to belong to different species. My question concerns evolved reproductive isolation in Drosophila sp. following labs due to experimental evolution.  Question  Have we ever demonstrated that two Drosophila sp. lineages that could initially interbreed (in nature or in labs) evolved through artificial selection (and drift and mutations) in labs to finally not be able to interbreed anymore either due pre- or post- zygotic isolation (see )? Or, in other words, have we ever demonstrated that two drosophila lineages evolved to become different species (reproductive isolation definition) in labs experiments?  If not, have we ever observed some partial reproductive isolation such as inbreeding depression for example?    Note: This question is motivated by @LotusBiology that could not receive the answers she/he was waiting for because he/she failed to ask questions that are possibly answerable! So I wanted to ask this question that somehow addresses  question he/she asked (now on-hold)  For more information about the concept of species, please have a look at
70734
It's uncanny how many alien races encountered in Star Trek are at a comparable level of technological development: humans, Vulcans, Romulans, Klingons, + numerous other species. The likelihood of all these races independently evolving warp drive within a few thousand years of each other seems improbable.    Are there canonical explanations for this? A few possible answers (which may be supported by canon, I don't know):   Advanced species share or involuntarily leak their technology with low-tech species. Advanced species "uplift" less evolved species as the Dominion did. Low-tech species are annihilated or absorbed into the empires/federations of expanding high-tech warp capable species. This continues until two or more advanced civilizations at the same military tech level eventually bump into each other. Most civilizations tend to stagnate once they hit a tech level say a few hundred or thousand years beyond our own. Many intelligent species either go extinct (eg, the Tkon and Iconian Empires) or evolve to a higher state of being (eg, the Zalkonians) soon after developing warp technology and leave our plane of existence or become aloof to mundane matters. This would conveniently clear out all civilizations that had evolved billions of years in the past up through several thousand years ago, and also explain the many god-like entities throughout the Galaxy.   Any other thoughts?
68168
Did all the humans in the Star Wars universe originate on a single planet some time in the distant past, or did they originate on different worlds and intermix into one species over millenia?  This is specifically about only humans, not humanoid aliens. I would prefer answers from the main canon or EU canon.
108544
My question here is about evidence for evolution from Embryology and from Genetics.  Mammals do have similar Embryos, but is it the case that for each species there is an embryonic development that occurs in earlier species, has such relationship been observed? What I mean for example if we generally conceive of having species$Sp_1,Sp_2,...,Sp_n$ where each $ Sp_{i+1}$ being evolved from $Sp_i,$ then is it the case that the embryonic development stages of $ Sp_{i+1}$ contains some of the embryonic development stages of all of its ancestor species.  Similar question to 1 but regarding Genetics, is it the case that every species has a genetic thumbprint of its ancestors that lie there in the non-functional sections of its DNA, i.e. is it the case that all the genetic history of our evolution is recorded in the non-functional section of our DNA. So do human DNA have some portions of the DNA of some dinosaurs for example?
122314
Few characters in Star Trek are known by their name only, with zero knowledge of the species to which they belong. Some examples are Trelane, Nagilum, and the Edo god.  "The Squire of Gothos" gives us Trelane, a powerful being that many have considered to be a Q. I personally don't believe that this is the case---Q-Squared is not canon---and the TOS episode shows that Trelane has weaknesses that members of the Q do not have.  Undoubtedly Trelane does not belong to any of the other species in the Star Trek canon. Based on the evidence, though, what species could Trelane belong to?  A) Trelane states that his people have found a way to perfect the converting of matter into other forms (words to that effect).  B) Trelane is not omniscient.  C) Trelane has respect for Captain Kirk's crew, and humanity in general (another reason why Trelane is not a good candidate for the Q).  D) Trelane enjoys "playing" with the crew of the Enterprise, and has no problem judging Captain Kirk, and scheduling his execution.  E) Trelane's creations are not illusions, but they are not perfect, either (the fire has no heat, for example).   F) Trelane apparently required the use of a machine to help him with his effects, though this may have been for show.
51895
It's very common -- specially in fantasy and science-fiction -- to use race instead of species. For example:  “In Middle Earth (...) Aragorn (race: men) (...) Bilbo (race: hobbit)”  “Tarkin's motivation was the enslavement of the Wookiee race for use as manual (...)” “The human race has only one really effective weapon and that is laughter.”  Shouldn't be used species instead? From the Oxford dictionary:  . Biology. a group of living organisms consisting of similar individuals capable of exchanging genes or interbreeding. The species is the principal natural taxonomic unit, ranking below a genus and denoted by a Latin binomial, e.g. Homo sapiens. 2. each of the major divisions of humankind, having distinct physical characteristics: people of all races, colours, and creeds.