According to my , "systemd doesn't work with 14.04".  However, on all my Ubuntu 14.04 "Trusty" machines, systemd is running:  jay@host:~$ lsb_release -a No LSB modules are available. Distributor ID: Ubuntu Description:    Ubuntu 14.04.2 LTS Release:        14.04 Codename:       trusty   So if it doesn't work with Trusty, why on earth is systemd installed and running?  jay@host:~$ dpkg -l | grep systemd ii  libpam-systemd:amd64       204-5ubuntu20.11  amd64  system and service manager - PAM module ii  libsystemd-daemon0:amd64   204-5ubuntu20.11  amd64  systemd utility library ii  libsystemd-login0:amd64    204-5ubuntu20.11  amd64  systemd login utility library ii  systemd-services           204-5ubuntu20.11  amd64  systemd runtime services ii  systemd-shim               6-2bzr1           amd64  shim for systemd   .  jay@host:~$ ps -ef | grep systemd root       408     1  0 Jun17 ?        00:00:00 /lib/systemd/systemd-udevd --daemon root       808     1  0 Jun17 ?        00:00:00 /lib/systemd/systemd-logind jay  13544 13242  0 12:07 pts/2    00:00:00 grep --color=auto systemd
123053
I noticed that the most recent update of ubuntu offers to install systemd components. I hesitate to allow this update for I had very nasty experience of doing this in debian-testing when services weren't starting and I had no network.  Is it possible to keep the current init system (upstart?) and somehow, on a permanet basis, ignore the offer to install systemd?
106985
I have installed the Citrix Receiver 13.0.0.256735 as described for Ubuntu 13.10 here:   The installation has succeded under Ubuntu 14.04 64 bit. But if I start the Citrix Receiver nothing happens.  Is there someone who has it running with Ubuntu 14.04?
67904
I understand that Lubuntu utilizes LXDE over Ubuntu's Unity(Gnome?); But being new to Linux I'm not sure if that change is going to be simply cosmetic, or if there will be functional differences I need to be aware of. The Ubuntu wiki says no, but it is also seems to be a very superficial discussion. I am comfortable(ish) with the command line and I suppose my question is more directed in that direction, but any information would be great.
50416
With reference to this question (), is there a canon way of configuring a wireless connection using systemd, because there doesn't seem to be any up-to-date documentation on the Ubuntu wiki or elsewhere.  I have an Intel wireless 3945ABG and I'm trying to configure it but there is no clear advice on the correct way to do this with systemd. So should I use systemd or the 'old way'?
117693
describes how you can use the debootstrap utility to install a base Debian unstable/sid system on an existing Linux machine. The new install is accessible using chroot.  When doing this, what security issues should be kept in mind? For example, what needs to be done to stop background/startup processes from starting in the new chroot or otherwise interfering with the main system?
34670
This may have more to do with detecting operating systems, but I specifically need the init system currently in use on the system.  Fedora 15 and Ubuntu now use systemd, Ubuntu used  to use Upstart (long time default until 15.04), while others use variations of System V.  I have an application that I am writing to be a cross-platform daemon.  The init scripts are being dynamically generated based on parameters that can be passed in on configure.  What I'd like to do is only generate the script for the particular init system that they are using. This way the install script can be run reasonably without parameters as root and the daemon can be "installed" automagically.  This is what I've come up with:   Search for systemd, upstart, etc in /bin Compare /proc/1/comm to the systemd, upstart, etc Ask the user   What would be the best cross/platform way of doing this?  Kind of related, Can I depend on bash to be on the majority of *nix or is it distribution/OS dependent?  Target platforms:   Mac OS Linux (all distributions) BSD (all versions) Solaris, Minix, and other *nix
94995
I'm reading myself for the release of Jessie on Debian, so I'm extra cautious (should be said paranoid) about any message that can cause problems, namely warnings. My system is a desktop with Debian testing/unstable installed, on ext4 partitions for both /boot and /, yet I'm seeing this message while upgrading the grub-pc package in Debian:  Installing for i386-pc platform. Installation finished. No error reported. Installing for i386-pc platform. grub-install: warning: File system `ext2' doesn't support embedding. grub-install: warning: Embedding is not possible.  GRUB can only be installed in this setup by using blocklists.  However, blocklists are UNRELIABLE and their use is discouraged.. Installation finished. No error reported. Generating grub configuration file ...   Why is grub saying that my system is embedded? What is the cause of this? I tried to check the grub-install binary, but I couldn't make sense of it.
25573
I  that there are two folders for unit files (not in user mode). /usr/lib/systemd/system/: units provided by installed packages /etc/systemd/system/: units installed by the system administrator  Conflicting with this understanding is the answer to this question: . Can someone fill in the missing information so that I understand what is going on? (UPDATE: The answer has been updated, and my understanding no longer conflicts with it.) Also, it seems that the scripts are organized in subfolders within the /etc/systemd/system/ folder: getty.target.wants multi-user.target.wants  In another location I read that there are other locations. It seems these are for user-specific services. /usr/lib/systemd/user/ where services provided by installed packages go. /etc/systemd/user/ where system-wide user services are placed by the system administrator. ~/.config/systemd/user/ where the user puts its own services.   Update 2015-08-31: For the sake of others, here is a link to a related question I recently asked:
30551
I have a service that I would like to manage through systemd - let's call it foo. I wrote unit files, and they're working just fine. So, if I run systemctl start foo, the service starts correctly, and I can see its status with systemctl status foo.   However, an external program may also start the service, and it doesn't use systemd to start the service. So, the service can be running, but since it wasn't started through systemd, systemd doesn't know about it. In this case, systemctl status foo reports that the service has failed, even though its running correctly.   Is there a way to have systemd 'inherit' or 'adopt' this service, so systemctl status foo correctly reports that the service is running, even when systemd didn't start it? With SysV, I would write a small 'status' script, so I could /etc/init.d/foo status, but that doesn't seem to fit with the systemd model.  To be clear, when the external program starts the service, the service's processes are still children of PID 1/systemd. But, systemd doesn't recognize them as part of service foo, since systemd didn't start and register them.   The specific technologies are:   Oracle WebLogic (the service is a Managed WebLogic Instance) Oracle NodeManager (this is the external program that may also start the service) systemd 219
107248
After upgrading to 15.04, I have had lots of fun getting to know systemd. I think I have everything working except I am unable to stop mysql.service; the systemctl command just hangs and mysql just keeps on running. Has anyone else experienced this or might know what's going on?
33924
I got a strange error after upgrading Ubuntu 16.04 to 16.10.  The Software Updater suggests a partial update:     Could not install 'systemd-shim'      The upgrade will continue but the 'systemd-shim' package may not be in a working state. Please consider submitting a bug report about it.  subprocess installed post-removal script returned error exit status 2    sudo apt-get update finishes without any error.  sudo apt-get remove outputs this  The following packages will be REMOVED:   systemd-shim 0 to upgrade, 0 to newly install, 1 to remove and 0 not to upgrade. 1 not fully installed or removed. After this operation, 71.7 kB disk space will be freed. Do you want to continue? [Y/n] y (Reading database ... 1451244 files and directories currently installed.) Removing systemd-shim (9-1bzr4ubuntu1) ... Removing 'diversion of /usr/share/dbus-1/system-services/org.freedesktop.systemd1.service to /usr/share/dbus-1/system-services/org.freedesktop.systemd1.service.systemd by systemd-shim' dpkg-divert: error: rename involves overwriting '/usr/share/dbus-1/system-services/org.freedesktop.systemd1.service' with   different file '/usr/share/dbus-1/system-services/org.freedesktop.systemd1.service.systemd', not allowed dpkg: error processing package systemd-shim (--remove):  subprocess installed post-removal script returned error exit status 2 Errors were encountered while processing:  systemd-shim E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)   Please help me to fix this error. Thank you.
17148
I'm attempting to install Ubuntu 14.04.1 (the only version I have handy) onto my old Compaq Presario R3000 (this Ubuntu was recommended for this computer). The installation has stalled at about 60% and hasn't moved in an hour.  The message at the bottom says: Configuring bcmwl-kernal-source (i386).  I have no experience with Ubuntu (or with Linux, for that matter), coming from a strictly-Windows background). Can anyone offer some advice?
42839
I have Ubuntu 14.04. I recently downloaded . The Viber .deb file has 64-bit architecture. I want to install it on my computer, but my computer only supports 32-bit.  The output of running lscpu is as follows:  Architecture: i686 CPU op-mode(s): 32-bit, 64-bit  Byte Order: Little Endian CPU(s): 2 On-line CPU(s) list: 0,1 Thread(s) per core: 1  Core(s) per socket: 2  Socket(s): 1  Vendor ID: GenuineIntel  CPU family: 6  Model: 23  Stepping: 10  CPU MHz: 2800.000  BogoMIPS: 5586.12  Virtualization: VT-x  L1d cache: 32K  L1i cache: 32K  L2 cache: 2048K
117290
After Suttleworth's  the whitelist for the systray, a developer created a  to continue to use applications that use the systray with Ubuntu.  Unfortunately, the patch's creator is now too busy to maintain it. This means that since the latest updates earlier this month, the whitelist no longer works (again).  Canonical's "solution" was to instruct us to raise a bug report for each application that doesn't work, but of course those bug reports have been ignored.  So…  How can I re-enable the systray? Its absence is creating difficulties for me.  I am using Ubuntu 14.04 64-bit.  Answering the question by @GGleb  Command  gsettings list-recursively net.launchpad.indicator.systemtray   Results  net.launchpad.indicator.systemtray disable-indicator false net.launchpad.indicator.systemtray started-the-first-time false net.launchpad.indicator.systemtray static-x 0 net.launchpad.indicator.systemtray static-y 0 net.launchpad.indicator.systemtray tray-is-static false   I notice that tray-is-static toggles when I middle-click the icon.
64143
When installing 16.04, I was asked to turn off "Secure Boot" if I wanted to install 3rd party modules/drivers.  I did not comply.  And when I installed manually the only 3rd party drivers I use (bcmwl-kernel-source), I was asked again (during the installation of the package) to turn off "Secure Boot".  Using bcmwl-kernel-source was perfectly fine with Secure Boot in 15.10. This does not seem to be related to a bug to me.  So this does look like Ubuntu refuse to sign anymore the 3rd party drivers/modules to make it work (??) with "Secure Boot". Or seem to consider 3rd party modules as insecure and breaking "Secure Boot" hence inforcing to disable it to make it clear ?? Am I right ?
95371
I've set up an Ubuntu 14.04 Server (from an Ubuntu 12.04 Server) but today I wanted to look in the auth.log but this file is not used. It seems that ´syslog´ was deleted.  How does Ubuntu 14.04 log? I need this for a server.  Thank you.
5852
Is there a way to determine what version (distribution &amp; kernel version, I suppose) of Linux is running (from the command-line), that works on any Linux system?