recently I switched from zorin os to deepin 20 for it's outstanding UI and eases of use for daily operations. it's almost OK but if I need some newer packages which are not listed in official deepin repositories, I have to use some community installer scripts that rely on this command to obtain the correct linux LSB version : lsb_release -c the problem is : the return value is &quot;n/a&quot; that consequently, breaks down the installation process. how can I fix this ?
122042
I am trying to create a script that requires me to print the debian codename so that I may echo it into the sources.list file.  I am trying to make this script work across any version of Debian, so I had hoped to set a bash variable of the release codename. This would be simple to do (with lsb_release -c), however our deployment images do not contain lsb_release by default - and with this script being required to fix the sources.list, installing lsb-release with apt-get would not be an option.  I have found numerous ways to get the release number and other info about the system, but cannot find a reliable place to get the codename.  Any ideas would be greatly appreciated!  (OS I am testing this with is Debian Squeeze)
5216
In FreeBSD and also in Linux, how can I get the numerical chmod value of a file? For example, 644 instead of -rw-r--r--? I need an automatic way for a Bash script.
5621
Question is about Ubuntu release process. Are migrations from n to n+1 releases expected?  Assuming we have server with installed Ubuntu 14.04 LTS. Will it be smoothly upgradable to Ubuntu 16.04 LTS via apt-get upgrade ?  Assumptions:   scope is software therefore we assume that given hardware is supported on both releases (upgrading from and to) that's why, always before upgrade you are asked to make backup to be able to revert in case of failure
103252
$ cat /etc/lsb-release  DISTRIB_ID=Ubuntu DISTRIB_RELEASE=17.04 DISTRIB_CODENAME=zesty DISTRIB_DESCRIPTION="Ubuntu 17.04"  $ java -version java version "9" Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 9+181) Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 9+181, mixed mode)  $ javac -version javac 9 $ umake --version 16.11.1  $ umake ide netbeans [sudo] password for thufir:  Choose installation path: /home/thufir/.local/share/umake/ide/netbeans Downloading and installing requirements                                                    | 100% |#####################################################################################| Installing Netbeans |##########################################################################################| Installation done  $ netbeans The program 'netbeans' is currently not installed. You can install it by typing: sudo apt install netbeans     possibly related to:  $ /home/thufir/.local/share/umake/bin/netbeans  WARNING: An illegal reflective access operation has occurred WARNING: Illegal reflective access by org.netbeans.ProxyURLStreamHandlerFactory (file:/home/thufir/.local/share/umake/ide/netbeans/platform/lib/boot.jar) to field java.net.URL.handler WARNING: Please consider reporting this to the maintainers of org.netbeans.ProxyURLStreamHandlerFactory WARNING: Use --illegal-access=warn to enable warnings of further illegal reflective access operations WARNING: All illegal access operations will be denied in a future release ^C   which is an error I was seeing before a  install.  (Possibly related to , or at least similar.)
77038
There is an executable I want to install on a computer that I can't recompile that wasn't built as a package, and I want to download the libraries it requires to run them.  Below is part of the output from running ldd on it  libpango-1.0.so.0 =&gt; /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libpango-1.0.so.0 (0xb702f000) libcairo.so.2 =&gt; /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libcairo.so.2 (0xb6f64000) libatk-1.0.so.0 =&gt; /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libatk-1.0.so.0 (0xb6f43000) libsqlite3.so.0 =&gt; /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libsqlite3.so.0 (0xb6e9e000) libc.so.6 =&gt; /lib/i386-linux-gnu/libc.so.6 (0xb6cf4000) /lib/ld-linux.so.2 (0xb786e000) libxcb.so.1 =&gt; /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libxcb.so.1 (0xb6cd3000) libgio-2.0.so.0 =&gt; /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libgio-2.0.so.0 (0xb6b7c000) libm.so.6 =&gt; /lib/i386-linux-gnu/libm.so.6 (0xb6b4f000)   Is there a tool that can use this information to select which packages should be downloaded or better yet extract only the libraries listed and their dependencies, in order to minimize the disk usage? The system is running on a headless VM and the program will be displayed via VNC.  Although I suspect that a full blown graphics desktop will supply most of the libraries needed I want to download only the required libraries, their dependencies and just enough of the X Windows package to support it.
108118
I found a good replacement IDE for Delphi called Lazarus. But I don't have a question for programmers.  Will the statically linked Linux binary work on all Linux distributions? I.e. it does not matter on what Linux distro I built it and it will work on Debian / ArchLinux / Ubuntu / OpenSUSE / ... whatever?  As a result of my findings, does really only matter 32bit vs 64bit? I want to be sure before I publish.
44406
I used UNetbootin to make a bootable USB to install Ubuntu 10.4 TLS, during installation, at 55%, I got an error [errn5] or something like that, next time I rebooted, I checked the disk to see if there's errors, at the end it said " error in 1 file ", what now ? How do I fix it? How do I know which file?
79840
uname -a returns:    Linux decebal-mobile 4.2.0-35-generic #40-Ubuntu SMP Tue Mar 15 22:15:45 UTC 2016 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux   but E: Package 'linux-headers-4.2.0-35-generic' has no installation candidate  and my machine says linux headers version is at linux-headers-4.4.0-21-generic.   I have seen a similar problem described in a .  How can I update that?
79255
On Ubuntu, the string returned by uname -r is always of the form x.y.0-z-generic (i.e., 3.19.0-21-generic). Compiling Ubuntu's kernel ends up with a string that is of the form x.y.z (i.e., 3.19.8), the actual version of the kernel that is used. What does the z represent in the first case? Is that the EXTRAVERSION parameter or is it something else? How do I get the version string of my build of Ubuntu to match the official one?
23873
I use the dpkg -l command to find out what version of a package I have installed. For example:  dpkg -l network-manager   returns the information on the package:  Desired=Unknown/Install/Remove/Purge/Hold | Status=Not/Inst/Conf-files/Unpacked/halF-conf/Half-inst/trig-aWait/Trig-pend |/ Err?=(none)/Reinst-required (Status,Err: uppercase=bad) ||/ Name                      Version                   Description +++-=========================-=========================-================================================================== ii  network-manager           0.8.3~git.20101118t223039 network management framework daemon   As you can see, it returns 0.8.3~git.20101118t223039 which is wrong because it truncates the version (I've picked a long one for the purpose of this question). The way I've solved this in the past is to pass a stupidly long COLUMNS argument to make it expand:  COLUMNS=200 dpkg -l network-manager   which gives me the entire version number, but also a bunch of junk:  Desired=Unknown/Install/Remove/Purge/Hold | Status=Not/Inst/Conf-files/Unpacked/halF-conf/Half-inst/trig-aWait/Trig-pend |/ Err?=(none)/Reinst-required (Status,Err: uppercase=bad) ||/ Name                                         Version                                      Description +++-============================================-============================================-======================================================================================================== ii  network-manager                              0.8.3~git.20101118t223039.d60a988-0ubuntu1   network management framework daemon   Now I can see the full version number, which is 0.8.3~git.20101118t223039.d60a988-0ubuntu1.  I get the feeling that this is not the proper way to find the version number of an installed package. This never really was a problem in the past, but with the tacking on of "ubuntu" in the versions and the proliferation of PPAs these strings are getting longer and longer. Is there an easier way?
101214
When I type uname -a, it gives the following output.  Linux mars 2.6.9-67.0.15.ELsmp #1 SMP Tue Apr 22 13:50:33 EDT 2008 i686 i686 i386 GNU/Linux   How can I know from this that the given OS is 32 or 64 bit?  This is useful when writing configure scripts, for example: what architecture am I building for?
75553
I'm using these commands:    du -sh --apparent-size ./* du -sh ./*   both reporting:    4.0K    ./Lightroom_catalog_from_win_backup 432M    ./Lightroom catalog - wine_backup   while those directories contain:    $ll ./"Lightroom catalog - wine_backup" total 432M -rwxrwx--- 1 gigi gigi 432M Mar 18  2018 Lightroom 5 Catalog Linux.lrcat -rwxrwx--- 1 gigi gigi  227 Nov 21  2015 zbackup.bat $ll ./Lightroom_catalog_from_win_backup total 396M -rwxrwx--- 3 gigi gigi 396M Dec 17 09:35 Lightroom 5 Catalog Linux.lrcat -rwxrwx--- 3 gigi gigi  227 Dec 17 09:35 zbackup.bat   Why du is reporting 4.0K for ./Lightroom_catalog_from_win_backup and how could I make it to report correctly?  PS: other system information:    $stat --file-system $HOME   File: "/home/gigi"     ID: 5b052c62a5a527bb Namelen: 255     Type: ext2/ext3 Block size: 4096       Fundamental block size: 4096 Blocks: Total: 720651086  Free: 155672577  Available: 119098665 Inodes: Total: 183050240  Free: 178896289  $lsb_release -a No LSB modules are available. Distributor ID: Ubuntu Description:    Ubuntu 16.04.5 LTS Release:        16.04 Codename:       xenial
119166
Which repository source do I need to add to my sources.list to access the package firmware-linux-nonfree?  I am using Deb 6 testing 32 bit.
7338
After I made a system upgrade (apt-get upgrade) on a debian box, I get an error everytime i tries to use apt-get. Example:  # apt-get -f install Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done 0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 8 not upgraded. 1 not fully installed or removed. After this operation, 0 B of additional disk space will be used. Setting up initscripts (2.88dsf-41+deb7u1) ... insserv: Service killprocs has to be enabled to start service single insserv: exiting now! update-rc.d: error: insserv rejected the script header dpkg: error processing initscripts (--configure):  subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 1 Errors were encountered while processing:  initscripts E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)   I have tried to find a solution, but can't find anything that looks like this. First of all I have this packet which is "not fully installed or removed". But I can't find the command to locate it. Have tried:  dpkg -l | grep rc   But it list about 20 packets, so there must be a better way to find this packet.  To fix the packet system I have tried normal procedures, like:  apt-get clean &amp;&amp; sudo apt-get autoremove  apt-get -f install dpkg --configure -a   The clean command is good, but the install command will fail with as shown above.  In a desperate try, I tried to reinstall insserv (not sure it's the packet which is broken), but it fails the same way:  # apt-get install --reinstall insserv Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done 0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 1 reinstalled, 0 to remove and 8 not upgraded. 1 not fully installed or removed. Need to get 63.8 kB of archives. After this operation, 0 B of additional disk space will be used. Get:1 http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian/ wheezy/main insserv armel 1.14.0-5 [63.8 kB] Fetched 63.8 kB in 0s (85.5 kB/s) Setting up initscripts (2.88dsf-41+deb7u1) ... insserv: Service killprocs has to be enabled to start service single insserv: exiting now! update-rc.d: error: insserv rejected the script header dpkg: error processing initscripts (--configure):  subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 1 Errors were encountered while processing:  initscripts E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)
51055
I'll change my system from 32 bits to 64 bits, and will be the same I had before, Debian Squeeze, but I do not want to lose the programs I installed before, because I do not remember the name of them all.   So I wanted a command to do this for me, save the name of all the programs I installed on a file, but not the standard programs that came with the system, and when I'm using the other system I would mention the name of the file and your directory for everything to be installed automatically.   One more question: is it possible to do this with programs that were installed manually with dpkg-i package.deb? If so, how can I do that?
18593
This is exact content from my sources.list:  #  # deb cdrom:[Debian GNU/Linux 2016.1 _Kali-rolling_ - Official Snapshot amd64 LIVE/INSTALL Binary 20160830-11:29]/ kali-rolling contrib main non-free #deb cdrom:[Debian GNU/Linux 2016.1 _Kali-rolling_ - Official Snapshot amd64 LIVE/INSTALL Binary 20160830-11:29]/ kali-rolling contrib main non-free   I couldn't install the Synaptic package manager and was told to modify sources.list.  I googled a lot and added some repos into it and ran update and upgrade command only to see Kali crash... I had to recover it.  Please mention the exact content that should be there to ensure that Kali Linux works.
85466
A few weeks ago I installed a 32 bit .deb file through the 'force architecture' command (on my 64bit notebook), however the procedure was unsuccessful and I used the apt-get purgecommand to uninstall the app. It seems there are some leftovers of the app I uninstalled which has now broken system update. Synaptic recommended a sudo apt-get install -fwhich I did in the terminal with this initial response:  Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree        Reading state information... Done The following package was automatically installed and is no longer required:   libntfs10 Use 'apt-get autoremove' to remove them. The following packages will be REMOVED:   crossplatformui 0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 1 to remove and 0 not upgraded. 1 not fully installed or removed. After this operation, 0 B of additional disk space will be used. Do you want to continue [Y/n]?   I chose 'Y' then got this response:  (Reading database ... 187616 files and directories currently installed.) Removing crossplatformui ... ztemtvcdromd: no process found dpkg: error processing crossplatformui (--remove):  subprocess installed post-removal script returned error exit status 1 Errors were encountered while processing:  crossplatformui E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)   It seems the app I installed crossplatformuiis still on my system and has caused update manager to stop running with a partial upgrade warning. What do I do now?