I have ubuntu 12.04 lts. I am new to ubuntu and i get this warning that 0 bytes are remaining on the volume /boot. i asked a question :  So I Got replies saying i should remove unused kernels. Can anyone explain to me in simple language what is a kernel and how do i remove unused kernels.  Thank you :)
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Every time I install a new Linux kernel, it gets left in the grub_config, making the boot menu longer each time.    I know I can manually search through the installed packages and remove them.  Does Ubuntu provide any easier way to clean them up or keep them from showing in the boot list?
20804
I read a text about kernel stable and I updated my kernel to 3.6.1. And I solved problems like WIFI and resolution but I cant solve kvm disabled by BIOS. Before update I didn't see this KVM : Disabled by bios Thanks for helps
18869
Is there a list of Ubuntu versions with default corresponding Linux kernel versions somewhere?  I would specifically like to know the most recent version of Ubuntu that still used Linux Kernel 2.x.
18298
Yesterday I upgraded my Ubuntu Desktop from LTS 14.04 to LTS 16.04. I did it via Software Updater.  There were several errors during the upgrade (is there a place where these errors are listed in the system so I can post it here?). The last one of them was at the end, saying that the boot partition was full. Following a post, I deleted a few kernels which I thought were old.  Now when I do uname -r it tells me that the kernel version is 3.13.0-93-generic, but it should be 4.4 something right? Can it be that I deleted the correct kernel by mistake? If yes, how do I fix this?  But the command cat /etc/os-release shows:  NAME="Ubuntu" VERSION="16.04.1 LTS (Xenial Xerus)" ID=ubuntu ID_LIKE=debian PRETTY_NAME="Ubuntu 16.04.1 LTS" VERSION_ID="16.04" HOME_URL="http://www.ubuntu.com/" SUPPORT_URL="http://help.ubuntu.com/" BUG_REPORT_URL="http://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/" UBUNTU_CODENAME=xenial   The system seems to think it is 16.04 but I have a feeling there are many other wrong things, I just don't know how to find these upgrade errors.  Is there an official ubuntu post upgrade script that checks if everything is ok?  I don't know if it adds anything, but two other errors that I remember were that the ubuntu software center did not work after the upgrade, I fixed following a post that said it had something to do with a language setting. The other error was that on boot it showed "Lvmetad is not active yet, using direct activation during sysinit" which I fixed by edditing the GRUB file.  Anyways, I just want to know if my system is ok and what is the meaning of this contradiction between the kernel and the system version (if 16.04 had the wrong kernel would it even boot?)  Thank you very much in advance for any help!!!  Edit: Here is what I have installed (output of dpkg -l | grep linux-image):  linux-image-3.11.0-19-generic                                                                linux-image-3.11.0-20-generic                                                                linux-image-3.11.0-22-generic                                                               linux-image-3.13.0-93-generic                                                               linux-image-extra-3.11.0-19-generic                                                           linux-image-extra-3.11.0-20-generic                                                           linux-image-extra-3.11.0-22-generic                                                        linux-image-extra-3.13.0-93-generic
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The latest kernel is causing problems with my sound, which worked fine with an older version. As I have only Ubuntu installed, Grub is not getting displayed while booting. How can I manually choose my kernel version while booting?
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I'm trying to detect what filesystems a kernel can support. Ideally in a little list of their names but I'll take anything you've got.  Note that I don't mean , just ones that the current kernel could, theoretically support directly (obviously, fuse could support infinite numbers more).
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Newer "mainline" versions of the kernel are available from the , e.g. 3.4 and 3.5, while Ubuntu 12.04 is on 3.2.   What are the mainline kernels? Are they better than my existing kernel? What are the pros and cons of upgrading to a mainline kernel? Will I easily be able to go back?
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Can you guys please help me use Grub Customizer to set an older version of the kernel 4.4.0 of Ubuntu 16.04 LTS as default when booting? I'm not using a dual boot system, and I have installed 4.4.8 kernel to help me solve the suspend problem, but it's draining my battery.  What do I have to do, I wouldn't want to f*** things up.
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What exactly is the Linux kernel? And does Ubuntu, at the core, use a modified Linux kernel? In what manner is it distinguished by the NT/Windows 8 kernel?
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Under certain conditions, the Linux kernel may become tainted. For example, loading a proprietary video driver into the kernel taints the kernel. This condition may be visible in system logs, kernel error messages (oops and panics), and through tools such as lsmod, and remains until the system is rebooted.  What does this mean? Does it affect my ability to use the system, and how might it affect my support options?
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I am getting a kernel panic "not syncing: VFS: unable to mount root fs on unknown-block(0,0)" with kernel 4.13.0-43 on Ubuntu 17.10. I can boot just fine with 4.13.0-41. After a successful boot using 4.13.0-41 I can get 4.13.0-43 to boot if I boot in text mode and remove the quiet and splash options. Anyone have any ideas as to what is happening? My disk drive is a 250Gb disk with one partition (I accepted the default options when I installed the system).
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I think this is kernel dependent and probably will change over time depending on the kernel a release uses, correct me if wrong  I'd like to know two things for all the currently supported Ubuntu releases:  How many maximum CPUs can Ubuntu handle (by default) at the same time with a standard desktop kernel? Is that count different from a server kernel and 32bit/64bit systems?  Where can I find that information on my system?
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After starting Ubuntu, I see the following lines. Should I be worried?  /dev/sda6: recovering journal /dev/sda6: clean, 355773/1835008 files, 470404803/7335680 blocks
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I have the below kernels installed on my machine:  [rajiviyer@rajiv-pc dnf]$ sudo dnf list installed kernel Installed Packages kernel.x86_64                     4.16.3-301.fc28                      @anaconda kernel.x86_64                     4.18.14-200.fc28                     @updates  [rajiviyer@rajiv-pc dnf]$    New Kernel: 4.18.14-200.fc28  Old Kernel: 4.16.3-301.fc28  Below is the list of dependencies for the Old Kernel: 4.16.3-301.fc28  [rajiviyer@rajiv-pc dnf]$ sudo dnf list installed kernel*4.16.3-301.fc28.x86_64 Installed Packages kernel.x86_64                            4.16.3-301.fc28               @anaconda kernel-core.x86_64                       4.16.3-301.fc28               @anaconda kernel-modules.x86_64                    4.16.3-301.fc28               @anaconda kernel-modules-extra.x86_64              4.16.3-301.fc28               @anaconda [rajiviyer@rajiv-pc dnf]$    I got a reference article which shows the steps to remove old kernel:   Kindly advice if I should proceed with the steps laid down in the article.  OR  Any GUI tool to remove kernel?  Post kernel removal what are post tasks need to be carried out? For e.g Updating GRUB
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I just upgraded from Ubuntu 15.04 64-bit to Ubuntu 15.10 64-bit. I read that 15.10 was using the 4.1 or 4.2 kernel, but I noticed that my kernel didn't upgrade.  When I type in the terminal uname -r, I get 3.19.0-18-generic  Same thing in GRUB: the only kernel I can choose is 3.19.0-18  Can someone explain how to upgrade the kernel?
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I have read a lot of threads with similar questions, but after reading the answers, I am very confused. I have found in them lots of url's with repositories but people discusses about which repositories are made for one or two versions of ubuntu, but I have found nothing about 11.10 version. Is too soon to ask for that? Should I downgrade my ubuntu to have a realtime kernel?
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What do Kernel command line parameters (also also known as boot options) mean?  When you go to Ubuntu (or better, GRUB) options, you have things like nomodeset, quiet and splash. What do these options mean?  I am also interested in other parameters and would be interested to see descriptions of any kernel parameter (like acpi), but these are not essential.