what is ideal alveolar gas?
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Inspired gas contains no carbon dioxide (CO2) ... Inspired and alveolar gases obey the ideal gas law. Carbon dioxide (CO2) in the alveolar gas is in equilibrium with the arterial blood i.e. that the alveolar and arterial partial pressures are equal. The alveolar gas is saturated with water.
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The layer of moisture in the alveoli allows gases to dissolve so that they can diffuse quickly. The alveoli have a very large total surface area and a very good blood supply, provided by the dense network of capillaries that surround them.
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Alveolar ventilation is the exchange of gas between the alveoli and the external environment. ... Although alveolar ventilation is usually defined as the volume of fresh air entering the alveoli per minute, a similar volume of alveolar air leaving the body per minute is implicit in this definition.
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[' thin walls.', ' a moist inner surface.', ' a huge combined surface area.', ' a rich blood supply- each alveolus is sounded by capillaries.']
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D. At STP (standard temperature and pressure), an ideal gas occupies 22.4 liters per mole. Here we have 48 g of oxygen gas or O2, each molecule of which consists of two atoms of the oxygen element. Since oxygen (O) has an atomic mass of 16 g, oxygen gas (O2) has a molecular mass of 2 x 16 = 32 g.
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['thin walls.', 'a moist inner surface.', 'a huge combined surface area.', 'a rich blood supply- each alveolus is sounded by capillaries.']
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Avogadro's law states that "equal volumes of all gases, at the same temperature and pressure, have the same number of molecules." For a given mass of an ideal gas, the volume and amount (moles) of the gas are directly proportional if the temperature and pressure are constant.
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Features of the alveoli The alveoli are adapted to make gas exchange in lungs happen easily and efficiently. ... they give the lungs a really big surface area. they have moist, thin walls (just one cell thick) they have a lot of tiny blood vessels called capillaries.
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Only air delivered to the terminal bronchioles and alveoli is available for gas exchange. Alveolar minute ventilation is less than minute ventilation and is calculated as ([tidal volume − dead space] × respiratory rate) or ([500 mL − 150 mL] × 12 breaths/min) = 4200 mL/min.
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Each alveolus is cup-shaped with very thin walls. It's surrounded by networks of blood vessels called capillaries that also have thin walls. The oxygen you breathe in diffuses through the alveoli and the capillaries into the blood.
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Lung tissue consists mainly of alveoli (Figure 16.2.6). These tiny air sacs are the functional units of the lungs where gas exchange takes place. The two lungs may contain as many as 700 million alveoli, providing a huge total surface area for gas exchange to take place.
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The respiratory or gas-exchange surface consists of millions of small sacs, or alveoli, lined by a simple squamous epithelium. This epithelium is exceedingly thin to facilitate diffusion of oxygen and CO2. The alveolar walls also contain cuboidal surfactant-secreting cells.
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Each alveolar sac contains 20 to 30 spherical alveoli and has the appearance of a bunch of grapes. Air flows into the atrium of the alveolar sac, then circulates into alveoli where gas exchange occurs with the capillaries. Mucus glands secrete mucus into the airways, keeping them moist and flexible.
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Dangers of Argon The minimum oxygen concentration in the air required for human breathing is 19.5 percent. The human body takes the oxygen breathed in from the lungs and transports it to the other parts of the body via the body's red blood cells. Each cell uses and requires oxygen to thrive.
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Alveolar ventilation is the exchange of gas between the alveoli and the external environment. It is the process by which oxygen is brought into the lungs from the atmosphere and by which the carbon dioxide carried into the lungs in the mixed venous blood is expelled from the body.
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Adaptations of the alveoli: Thin walls - alveolar walls are one cell thick providing gases with a short diffusion distance. Moist walls - gases dissolve in the moisture helping them to pass across the gas exchange surface. Permeable walls - allow gases to pass through.
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The partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PCO2) is the measure of carbon dioxide within arterial or venous blood. It often serves as a marker of sufficient alveolar ventilation within the lungs. Generally, under normal physiologic conditions, the value of PCO2 ranges between 35 to 45 mmHg, or 4.7 to 6.0 kPa.