what does a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor do?
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Acetazolamide, the prototype Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors, inhibits carbonic anhydrase and in doing so reduces renal bicarbonate resorption in the proximal tubule. This leads to a direct increase in urinary bicarbonate excretion and secondarily to mild increases in sodium and potassium excretion.
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Sodium bicarbonate is an antacid used to relieve heartburn and acid indigestion. Your doctor also may prescribe sodium bicarbonate to make your blood or urine less acidic in certain conditions.
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It works by competitively inhibiting the enzyme α-glucosidase at the brush border of the small intestines, thus delaying the digestion of complex carbohydrate and intestinal absorption of glucose. It targets mainly the postprandial hyperglycemia, and in clinical studies it lowers the HbA1c by 0.5–1.0%.
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The organic anhydrides are used to introduce the acyl group (RCO) in organic synthesis. They react with water to give carboxylic acids, with alcohols or phenols to give esters, and with ammonia and amines to give amides.
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Inhibits the reabsorption of sodium and chloride from the loop of Henle and distal renal tubule. Increases renal excretion of water, sodium, chloride, magnesium, potassium, and calcium. Effectiveness persists in impaired renal function.
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Sodium carbonate solution is added to neutralise any acids and the stopper replaced. ... The acidic impurities and any salts formed have now been removed in the aqueous sodium carbonate solution, therefore there should be no carboxylic acid or sulfuric acid catalyst left in the ester layer.
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As you can see, an acid anhydride is a compound that has two acyl groups (R-C=O) bonded to the same oxygen atom. Anhydrides are commonly formed when a carboxylic acid reacts with an acid chloride in the presence of a base.
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This medication is a combination of omeprazole and sodium bicarbonate. It is used to treat certain stomach and esophagus problems (such as acid reflux, ulcers). It is also used to prevent stomach bleeding in very ill patients. Omeprazole works by decreasing the amount of acid your stomach makes.
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Furosemide is given to help treat fluid retention (edema) and swelling that is caused by congestive heart failure, liver disease, kidney disease, or other medical conditions. It works by acting on the kidneys to increase the flow of urine.
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Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, such as acetazolamide, act in the proximal tubule where they block resorption of sodium bicarbonate. Consequently, prolonged use of carbonic anhydrase inhibitors may lead to a hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis, in which urinary pH is increased and urinary citrate is decreased.
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Its mechanism is via inhibition of the carbonic anhydrase enzyme which counteracts the respiratory alkalosis which occurs during ascent to altitude. It facilitates the excretion of bicarbonate in the urine. As a result, acetazolamide hastens acclimatization and helps prevent high altitude disorders.
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Furosemide is a loop diuretic (water pill) that prevents your body from absorbing too much salt. This allows the salt to instead be passed in your urine. Furosemide is used to treat fluid retention (edema) in people with congestive heart failure, liver disease, or a kidney disorder such as nephrotic syndrome.
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As carbon dioxide enters the blood, it combines with water to form carbonic acid, which dissociates into hydrogen ions (H+) and bicarbonate ions (HCO3-).
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The main difference between sevelamer carbonate and sevelamer hydrochloride is that the chloride in the sevelamer resin was replaced by bicarbonate. That's the only difference. With sevelamer hydrochloride some patients develop metabolic acidosis because in the intestine chloride is exchanged for bicarbonate.
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Omeprazole and sodium bicarbonate combination is used to prevent upper gastrointestinal tract bleeding in seriously ill patients. Omeprazole is a proton pump inhibitor (PPI). It works by decreasing the amount of acid produced by the stomach. Sodium bicarbonate, also known as baking soda, is an antacid.
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What AZOPT is and what it is used for. AZOPT contains brinzolamide which belongs to a group of medicines called carbonic anhydrase inhibitors. It reduces pressure within the eye. AZOPT eye drops are used to treat high pressure in the eye. This pressure can lead to an illness called glaucoma.
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On the other hand, when a basic substance enters the bloodstream, carbonic acid reacts with the hydroxide ions producing bicarbonate ions and water. Bicarbonate ions are already a component of the buffer. In this manner, the hydroxide ions are removed from blood, preventing the pH of blood from becoming basic.