why haemoglobin is less in females?
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If you don't get enough iron, your body cannot make hemoglobin. Factors that can lower your body's stores of iron include the following: Blood loss (caused by ulcers, trauma, some cancers, and other conditions; and, in women, during monthly periods) An iron-poor diet.
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iron deficiency – when your stored and blood-borne iron levels are low and your haemoglobin levels have dropped below normal. You may experience some symptoms, including tiredness. iron deficiency anaemia – when your haemoglobin levels are so low that your blood is unable to deliver enough oxygen to your cells.
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A low RBC count may indicate anaemia, bleeding, kidney disease, bone marrow failure (for instance, from radiation or a tumour), malnutrition, or other causes. A low count may also indicate nutritional deficiencies of iron, folate and vitamin B12.
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In some rare cases (<1%), hematuria may be seen in patients with sickle cell trait. Iron deficiency can lower the percentage of hemoglobin A2, which may mask a concurrent β-thalassemia.
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That's why pregnant women are recommended to have a hemoglobin level of 12-16g/DL and any value below 12 is considered as iron deficiency and below 10.5 as anemia.
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In healthy subjects the ESR is higher in women than in men, and in both sexes a rise with age occurs. It is well established that pathological elevation of the ESR may be due to elevation of the fibrinogen level.
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The chemical formula for hemoglobin is C2952 H4664 O832 N812 S8 Fe4. A normal level for men and women ranges from 12 to 20 grams per deciliter.
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Low iron—or cases of anemia—can amount to easy bruising. Anemia is the condition in which the blood doesn't have enough healthy red blood cells, which can be caused by disease or a vitamin deficiency, like iron deficiency.
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When a person's iron stores are low, as in your case, that condition is known as iron deficiency. If the body uses up all the iron stored in ferritin, then it can't make hemoglobin. A low level of hemoglobin is anemia. When your blood test showed low iron stores, that meant the amount of ferritin in your blood was low.
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The amount of blood lost during a menstrual period ranges from 20 to 80 milliliters (mL). Blood loss of less than 20 mL may be considered a light period. A shift or imbalance in hormone levels is the main cause of light periods.
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For women, the normal hemoglobin range is generally defined as 12.0 to 15.5 grams of hemoglobin per deciliter of blood. On average, a woman needs 18 mg of iron a day. These numbers are different for men because they tend to store more iron in their bodies than women.
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As verified by Bessman and Feinstein(15), homogeneous microcytosis is observed in patients with thalassemia minor when in comparison with that of iron deficiency anemia patients. As a result, RDW tends to be higher in iron deficiency anemia than in thalassemia minor(5).
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A low mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) shows that someone's red blood cells do not have enough hemoglobin. Hemoglobin is an iron-rich protein, and a lack of it may indicate anemia.
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Low Hemoglobin. Hemoglobin, the substance that gives color to red blood cells, is the substance that allows for the transport of oxygen throughout the body. Low hemoglobin levels lead to anemia, which causes symptoms like fatigue and trouble breathing.
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Anemia. Iron deficiency, or anemia, is common in women of reproductive age. This is often due to not consuming enough iron, heavy periods (ironically, since a side effect of anemia can be no period at all), or an inability to absorb iron properly.
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Thus, decrease in hematocrit could possibly account for the faster fall of red blood cells and hence increased ESR observed during menstruation (Everett et al., 1978). Increase ESR during the menstrual phase could possibly explain decrease blood viscosity observed at this phase (Cheesbrough, 2000).
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Haemoglobin is expected to drop during pregnancy. In fact, it is considered normal for haemoglobin to drop to 10.5g/dl during pregnancy. The reason behind it is quite simple – when a woman is pregnant, her blood volume increases by 50% to provide essential nutrients to the developing baby.