how many possible sequence number combinations are there in tcp/ip protocol?
7531
2.2. When a host ("the client") desires to use 64-bit sequence numbers for a TCP connection it is initiating, it includes the 64-bit Sequence Number Option in the initial segment. It places the least-significant 32 bits of the initial sequence number (ISN) in the Sequence Number field of the TCP header.
101377
['Type 0 — Echo Reply.', 'Type 1 — Unassigned.', 'Type 2 — Unassigned.', 'Type 3 — Destination Unreachable.', 'Type 4 — Source Quench (Deprecated)', 'Type 5 — Redirect.', 'Type 6 — Alternate Host Address (Deprecated)', 'Type 7 — Unassigned.']
527490
The IPv6 address space is 128-bits (2128) in size, containing 340,282,366,920,938,463,463,374,607,431,768,211,456 IPv6 addresses. A bit is a digit in the binary numeral system, the basic unit for storing information.
405397
Remarks. The ntohl function takes a 32-bit number in TCP/IP network byte order (the AF_INET or AF_INET6 address family) and returns a 32-bit number in host byte order. The ntohl function can be used to convert an IPv4 address in network byte order to the IPv4 address in host byte order.
545331
Common Internet protocols include TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol), UDP/IP (User Datagram Protocol/Internet Protocol), HTTP (HyperText Transfer Protocol) and FTP (File Transfer Protocol).
1153906
TCP does something in between GBN and SR, closer to SR. TCP sends only one packet that it thinks is lost, not entire window, so not like GBN. TCP receiver buffers out of order segments. But ACK indicates the sequence number that is missing (unlike SR).
1023644
Yes, you can use the same port number for both TCP and UDP. ... Technically the port pools for each protocol are completely independent, but for higher level protocols that can use either TCP or UDP it's convention that they default to the same port number.
1095749
['Unicast addresses identify a single interface.', 'Anycast addresses identify a set of interfaces in such a way that a packet sent to an anycast address is delivered to a member of the set.']
379849
By default most newer implementations of tcpdump will capture 65535 bytes, however in some situations you may not want to capture the default packet length. You can use -s to specify the “snaplen” or “snapshot length” that you want tcpdump to capture.
1094706
1, 1, 2, 5, 14, 42, 132, 429, 1430, 4862, 16796, 58786, 208012, 742900, 2674440, 9694845, 35357670, 129644790, 477638700, 1767263190, 6564120420, 24466267020, 91482563640, 343059613650, 1289904147324, 4861946401452, ... (sequence A000108 in the OEIS).
18114
Internet Protocol version 4 (IPv4) defines an IP address as a 32-bit number. However, because of the growth of the Internet and the depletion of available IPv4 addresses, a new version of IP (IPv6), using 128 bits for the IP address, was standardized in 1998.
259012
A three-input gate has eight possibilities (000, 001, 010, 011, 100, 101, 110, and 111) for input states. This increase in the number of possible input states obviously allows for more complex gate behavior.
687171
The ICMP packet does not have source and destination port numbers because it was designed to communicate network-layer information between hosts and routers, not between application layer processes. Each ICMP packet has a "Type" and a "Code".
542763
Under IPv4, there are 232 possible combinations, which offers just under 4.3 billion unique addresses.
805300
An IPv6 address is represented as eight groups of four hexadecimal digits, each group representing 16 bits (two octets, a group sometimes also called a hextet).
1451490
IPv4 addresses are usually represented in dot-decimal notation, consisting of four decimal numbers, each ranging from 0 to 255, separated by dots, e.g., 172.16. 254.1. Each part represents a group of 8 bits (an octet) of the address.
496484
['Service Class 0.', 'Service Class 1 (FTTP)', 'Service Class 2 (FTTP)', 'Service Class 3 (FTTP)', 'Service Class 4 (Fixed Wireless)', 'Service Class 5 (Fixed Wireless)', 'Service Class 6 (Fixed Wireless)']