what are causative agent of malaria?
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CAUSATIVE AGENTS. Malaria is caused by single-celled protozoan parasites of the genus Plasmodium. Four species infect humans by entering the bloodstream: Plasmodium falciparum, which is the main cause of severe clinical malaria and death; Plasmodium vivax; Plasmodium ovale; and Plasmodium malariae.
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About 2,000 cases of malaria are diagnosed in the United States each year. The vast majority of cases in the United States are in travelers and immigrants returning from countries where malaria transmission occurs, many from sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia.
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Chloroquine is not effective for malaria prevention. Chloroquine is used off-label to treat porphyria cutanea tarda. Hydroxychloroquine (Plaquenil) is an anti-malarial drug used to treat several forms of malaria as well as lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis.
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Malaria. Malaria is a risk to 70% of Kenya's 47.5 million people, especially communities around Lake Victoria and off the coast. In Kenya, it's mainly caused by the protozoan Plasmodium falciparum transmitted by the Anopheles species mosquitoes, which breed in swamps that develop during the rainy seasons.
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Malaria cases Nineteen countries in sub-Saharan Africa and India carried almost 85% of the global malaria burden. Six countries accounted for more than half of all malaria cases worldwide: Nigeria (25%), the Democratic Republic of the Congo (12%), Uganda (5%), and Côte d'Ivoire, Mozambique and Niger (4% each).
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Whereas Malaria is an acute chronic infectious disease caused by parasites and spreads through the bite of the female Anopheles mosquito, fever is a rise in our body's normal temperature, which, on average, is 98.6 degrees Fahrenheit or 37degrees centigrade.
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During a blood meal, a malaria-infected female Anopheles mosquito inoculates sporozoites into the human host . Sporozoites infect liver cells and mature into schizonts , which rupture and release merozoites .
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Malaria is usually classified as asymptomatic, uncomplicated or severe. Asymptomatic malaria can be caused by all Plasmodium species; the patient has circulating parasites but no symptoms. Uncomplicated malaria can be caused by all Plasmodium species. Symptoms generally occur 7-10 days after the initial mosquito bite.
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Dengue fever is among the most common mosquito-borne virus infections. Causative agent of the disease is the Dengue virus, of which four different types are known. The virus cannot be transmitted from human to human. In order to spread the disease needs a mosquito as alternate host.
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['Artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs). ACTs are, in many cases, the first line treatment for malaria. There are several different types of ACTs. ... ', 'Chloroquine phosphate. Chloroquine is the preferred treatment for any parasite that is sensitive to the drug.']
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['Malaria is a life-threatening disease caused by parasites that are transmitted to people through the bites of infected female Anopheles mosquitoes. ... ', 'In 2018, there were an estimated 228 million cases of malaria worldwide.', 'The estimated number of malaria deaths stood at 405 000 in 2018.']
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A blood test can confirm whether you have malaria. Along with high fever, shaking chills and sweating, symptoms can include: Throwing up or feeling like you're going to. Headache.
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Malaria is caused by the Plasmodium parasite. The parasite can be spread to humans through the bites of infected mosquitoes. There are many different types of plasmodium parasite, but only 5 types cause malaria in humans.
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The Democratic Republic of the Congo and Nigeria accounted for 84 million (54%) of total cases. Of the 10 highest burden countries in Africa, Ghana and Nigeria reported the highest absolute increases in cases of malaria in 2018 compared with 2017.
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If parasite-filled blood cells block small blood vessels to your brain (cerebral malaria), swelling of your brain or brain damage may occur. Cerebral malaria may cause seizures and coma. Breathing problems. Accumulated fluid in your lungs (pulmonary edema) can make it difficult to breathe.
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Malaria – more about this menace | iinfo TZANEEN. Malaria is known to be quite a killer throughout Africa. South Africa also has its areas where malaria is a threat. For residents in rural areas, especially children or pregnant women, the threat is very real and often fatal.
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['Young children and infants.', 'Older adults.', 'Travelers coming from areas with no malaria.', 'Pregnant women and their unborn children.']