what are the layers of roofing?
14453
['Decking. The roof deck is the roof layer (also called sheathing) that is installed between the trusses & joists and underlayment layer in a typical roof install. ... ', 'Starter Strip. Starter strip shingles are a strip of shingles that line every edge of your houses roof. ... ', 'Underlayment. ... ', 'Shingles. ... ', 'Ridge Caps.']
229605
Roofing materials widely varied, as well. Flat roofs often chose tar with gravel stones while pitched roofs used layered asphalt shingles. Regardless of roof style, almost all petroleum-based roofing materials once contained deadly asbestos fibers.
362499
1. Black and dark colored roofs. In general, dark-colored roofing materials will absorb the heat and cause your attic and/or the top of your house to be warmer than a lighter colored material. However, the type of material used can cause this to vary tremendously (see below.)
883357
['Saltbox Roofs. The Saltbox roof is favored by those who are concerned with visual appeal. ... ', 'Mansard Roofs. Mansard roofs are constructed with four slopes. ... ', 'Gambrel Roofs. ... ', 'Pyramid Roofs. ... ', 'Hip Roofs. ... ', 'Cross Gabled Roofs. ... ', 'Flat Roofs. ... ', 'Bonnet Roofs.']
1114396
Layering Systems To work comfortably outside, a layering system should be applied to pants, socks, jackets, gloves and hats. It starts with a wicking layer to remove moisture from skin. From there it builds into heavier and more durable fabric to keep you warm. ... A winter hat adds as much warmth as all your layers.
984036
['Solar tiles. ... ', 'Asphalt shingles. ... ', 'Metal roofing. ... ', 'Stone-coated steel. ... ', 'Slate. ... ', 'Rubber slate. ... ', 'Clay and concrete tiles. ... ', 'Green roofs.']
1095257
["Roofing Knives. One of the most essential tools you'll need to hand when working on the roof is a roofing knife. ... ", 'Roofing Nailers. ... ', 'Ladder. ... ', 'Shingle Removal Shovels. ... ', 'Roofing Hammer. ... ', 'Ripper. ... ', 'Hard Hats. ... ', 'Harness.']
620394
The following layers are generally distinguished: forest floor (root and moss layers), herb, shrub, understory and canopy layers. These vegetation layers are primarily determined by the height of their individual plants, the different elements may however have a range of heights.
724395
['Stadium Canopy and Cladding Materials. The grandstand roof, fascia and rear in temperate climates should be a Plastisol Coated Steel material. ... ', 'Concrete and Steel Stadium Terraces. ... ', 'Stadium Flooring Construction. ... ', 'Concrete Vomitories. ... ', 'Steel Vomitories.']
1254325
Roof tiles are designed mainly to keep out rain, and are traditionally made from locally available materials such as terracotta or slate. Modern materials such as concrete and plastic are also used and some clay tiles have a waterproof glaze.
1265990
['Glazing.', 'Aluminium.', 'Stainless steel.', 'Zinc.', 'Composites.', 'Timber.', 'Tensile fabric coverings.', 'Brick slips.']
1332016
1. Black and dark colored roofs. In general, dark-colored roofing materials will absorb the heat and cause your attic and/or the top of your house to be warmer than a lighter colored material.
627123
Hip and ridge shingles are the top flight or course – the finishing touch for a comprehensive roofing job. They are installed at the peak and provide a protective bridge to bring two slopes of a roof together to make your roof weather tight.
400095
['Decking (or sheathing) Usually made from 1⁄2-inch plywood, the decking closes and reinforces the roof structure and provides a nailbed for the shingles. ... ', 'Roof edge (or eaves edge) All the boards running along the edge of the roof or eaves. ... ', 'Attic. ... ', 'Saddle. ... ', 'Ridge. ... ', 'Valley. ... ', 'Underlay membrane. ... ', 'Eaves membrane.']
1191727
['Film Base. The supporting layer in film is called the base. ... ', 'Emulsion. ... ', 'Subbing Layer. ... ', 'Ultraviolet Absorbing Layer. ... ', 'Supercoat. ... ', 'Antihalation Backing.']
1086964
['Roofing nail guns.', 'Hammer tacker stapler.', 'Roofing hammer or hatchet.', 'Air compressor.', 'Roofing blade or utility knife.', 'Roofing shovel or shingle tear-off tool.', 'Scoop shovel.', 'Pry bar.']
1417105
['Physical layer: Contains physical servers, network etc.', 'Infrastructure layer: Virtualized servers, networking and storage resources. ... ', 'Platform layer: which contains components or services like Windows Azure, Google App Engine. ... ', 'Application Layer: This is the layer end users interact with.']