how long do you have to treat rabies in humans?
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In the United States, PEP consists of a regimen of one dose of immune globulin and four doses of rabies vaccine over a 14-day period. Rabies immune globulin and the first dose of rabies vaccine should be given by your health care provider as soon as possible after exposure.
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By PA law, dogs and cats shall be vaccinated against rabies within 4 weeks after the date the dog or cat attains 12 weeks of age, and maintain a current rabies immunity as prescribed by rabies vaccine manufacturers.
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A rabies vaccine (anti-rabies vaccine) must be made by your veterinarian at least 21 days before departure to be considered valid. The rabies vaccine has a validity of one year exactly.
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Rabies is a very serious virus. Once a person is infected, there is not much a doctor can do to treat it. If a dog, cat, bat, or other mammal you might suspect has rabies has bitten you, get to the doctor. The first dose of the vaccine should be administered within the first 24 hours after exposure.
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In people, the incubation period (the time between initial contact with the virus and onset of the disease) generally ranges from two to eight weeks. In rare cases, it can vary from 10 days to 2 years. The incubation period is shorter in children and in people exposed to a large dose of the rabies virus.
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The Virus Reaches the Brain Most of these signs are obvious to even an untrained observer, but within a short period of time, usually within 3 to 5 days, the virus has caused enough damage to the brain that the animal begins to show unmistakable signs of rabies.
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Rabies cases and the three known human cases of ABLV infection have shown a wide variability in the time it takes for symptoms to appear following exposure to an infected animal (from several days to several years).
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Current protocols provide for vaccines to be given every three years for distemper, parvovirus and infectious canine hepatitis, with many of these vaccines now carrying a three-year effectiveness label. Rabies can also be given every three years where allowed by law.
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Depending on whether you were vaccinated before exposure or not will determine what set of Rabies vaccines you require after a bite or a scratch: If you were not vaccinated against Rabies, you need a series of 4-5 vaccines and the Human Rabies Immunoglobulin (HRIG) over a period of 14 days after the bite or scratch.
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If not, an infected person is expected to live only seven days after the appearance of symptoms. Rabies is transmitted through contact with the saliva of an infected animal.
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Applicants shall have held an active rehabilitation license within or outside of the state of at least the previous three years and rehabilitated during the time. Applicants must have completed 12 hours of rabies or rabies species-specific training or a combination thereof.
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California law requires each dog older than three months to be vaccinated against rabies and licensed before it is five months old. If your dog is more than five months old, you have 30 days to get it icensed after you obtain it or bring it into California.
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Effect of bites on humans Most deaths occur between six and 48 hours after the bite. If antivenom treatment is given within two hours of the bite, the probability of recovery is greater than 99%. When a bite occurs, the amount of venom injected is under voluntary control by the snake.
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After a few days, the symptoms can cause the individual infected to go into a coma and later die. The paralytic form of rabies is usually less harmful, but can last longer. This strand of rabies causes muscle weakness and even paralysis. Death is usually caused by respiratory failure.
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The state of Texas requires that dogs and cats be vaccinated against rabies by 4 months of age. The vaccination must be administered by a licensed veterinarian.
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The test requires that the animal be euthanized. The test itself takes about 2 hours, but it takes time to remove the brain samples from an animal suspected of having rabies and to ship these samples to a state public health or veterinary diagnostic laboratory for diagnosis.
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The course of treatment is 5 days. Treatment should continue for 5 days even if symptoms improve.