what is the etiology of hiv?
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HIV is caused by a virus. It can spread through sexual contact or blood, or from mother to child during pregnancy, childbirth or breast-feeding.
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Your immune system can also be weakened by smoking, alcohol, and poor nutrition. AIDS. HIV, which causes AIDS, is an acquired viral infection that destroys important white blood cells and weakens the immune system. People with HIV/AIDS become seriously ill with infections that most people can fight off.
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HIV/AIDS, or Human Immunodeficiency Virus, is considered by some authors a global pandemic. However, the WHO currently uses the term 'global epidemic' to describe HIV. As of 2018, approximately 37.9 million people are infected with HIV globally. There were about 770,000 deaths from AIDS in 2018.
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AIDS is a set of symptoms (or syndrome) caused by the HIV virus. A person is said to have AIDS when their immune system is too weak to fight off infection, and they develop certain symptoms and illnesses (known as 'opportunistic infections ').
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AIDS is the final, most severe stage of HIV infection. Because HIV has severely damaged the immune system, the body can't fight off opportunistic infections.
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Besides human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), the virus that causes AIDS, there a two other retroviruses that can cause human illness. One is called human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) and the other is called human T-lymphotropic virus type 2 (HTLV-II).
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HIV is more closely linked to gonorrhea than chlamydia (which is particularly common among young women). Herpes is also commonly associated with HIV; a meta-analysis found persons infected with HSV-2 are at 3-fold increased risk for acquiring HIV infection.
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Basic facts about AIDS AIDS stands for acquired immune deficiency syndrome; it's also called advanced HIV infection or late-stage HIV. AIDS is a set of symptoms and illnesses that develop as a result of advanced HIV infection which has destroyed the immune system.
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There are two main types of HIV – HIV-1 (the most common) and HIV-2 (relatively uncommon and less infectious). Like many viruses, HIV has the ability to mutate and change over time - within the main types of HIV there are many genetically distinct subgroups.
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AIDS is a condition While HIV is a virus that may cause an infection, AIDS (which is short for acquired immunodeficiency syndrome) is a condition. Contracting HIV can lead to the development of AIDS. AIDS, or stage 3 HIV, develops when HIV has caused serious damage to the immune system.
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Diarrhea in HIV has many possible causes. It can be an early symptom of HIV, also known as acute HIV infection. According to the Mayo Clinic, HIV produces flu-like symptoms, including diarrhea, within two months of transmission. They may persist for a few weeks.
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HIV isn't passed on easily from one person to another. The virus doesn't spread through the air like cold and flu viruses. HIV lives in the blood and in some body fluids. To get HIV, one of these fluids from someone with HIV has to get into your blood.
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STDs are infections that spread from person to person through sexual activity, including anal, vaginal, or oral sex. STDs are caused by bacteria, parasites, and viruses. HIV is an STD. Chlamydia, gonorrhea, human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, and syphilis are examples of other STDs.
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HIV infection can be transmitted in the following ways: Sexual intercourse: Unprotected sexual intercourse (vaginal, anal) and oral sex. Blood: Blood transfusion, sharing HIV-contaminated needles, syringes or other piercing instruments (e.g. for tattooing or acupuncture)
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AIDS is a set of symptoms (or syndrome as opposed to a virus) caused by HIV. A person is said to have AIDS when their immune system is too weak to fight off infection, and they develop certain defining symptoms and illnesses.
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FIV and HIV are both lentiviruses. However, humans cannot be infected by FIV, nor can cats be infected by HIV. FIV is transmitted primarily through deep bite wounds, where the virus present in the infected cat's saliva enters the body tissues of another cat.
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Infection with both HIV and HBV is called HIV/HBV coinfection. Chronic HBV advances faster to cirrhosis, end-stage liver disease, and liver cancer in people with HIV/HBV coinfection than in people with only HBV infection. But chronic HBV doesn't appear to cause HIV to advance faster in people with HIV/HBV coinfection.