where is hsv 2 located?
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HSV-2 is commonly found in the genital area and is passed through vaginal and anal sex, but it can also be passed to the mouth through oral sex. It is uncommon for HSV-2 to be found on the lips, but it is becoming more common to find HSV-1 in the genital area.
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The herpes simplex virus (HSV) is a double-stranded DNA virus with an enveloped, icosahedral capsid. It is a common cause of infections of the skin and mucous membranes, manifesting itself as tiny, clear, fluid-filled blisters usually around the mouth or genitals.
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Cold sores tend to appear in the same place every time because the virus lives in the nerves that lead to that spot on the skin. At least half of all adults are infected with HSdV, which is easily spread from person to person. Once you are infected with HSV, you have the infection permanently.
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Herpes simplex virus infection causes so-called cold sores, which are typically located on the lips, but they can also occur on the gums. Among the sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), the chancres of syphilis can occur as mouth sores.
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The risk for HSV-2 transmission from men to women was 28.5 transmissions per 1,000 unprotected sex acts (95% CI, 10.8-74.1) and 1.3 male-to-female transmissions per 1,000 protected acts (95% CI, 0.4 to 4.5), yielding a 96% reduction in HSV-2 transmission with male condom use (95% CI, 84%-99%).
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Genital herpes, caused by the herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2), is one of the most common sexually transmitted infections worldwide. It is also associated with a 2- to 3-fold increased risk for HIV infection. Some people infected with HSV-2 suffer from recurring sores and breaks in genital skin.
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HSV- 2 does not often occur on the mouth, but when it does, it causes fewer outbreaks and less asymptomatic shedding than HSV-1. Having one type of herpes may provide some degree of protection against getting the second type, but it is still possible to get both HSV-1 and HSV-2.
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How does infection with the herpes virus occur? HSV is spread through direct contact with herpes sores, usually during vaginal, oral, or anal sex. HSV also can be present on the skin even if there are no sores. If a person comes into contact with the virus on an infected person's skin, he or she can become infected.
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HSV-2 is mainly transmitted during sex, through contact with genital surfaces, skin, sores or fluids of someone infected with the virus. HSV-2 can be transmitted from skin in the genital or anal area that looks normal and is often transmitted in the absence of symptoms.
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Most commonly, herpes type 1 causes sores around the mouth and lips (sometimes called fever blisters or cold sores). HSV-1 can cause genital herpes, but most cases of genital herpes are caused by herpes type 2. In HSV-2, the infected person may have sores around the genitals or rectum.
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The standard wisdom regarding carriers of herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) holds that 75 percent to 90 percent may never develop genital lesions and that, although asymptomatic carriers can shed virus, they are generally less infectious than people with symptomatic infections.
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Herpes infections are most contagious when symptoms are present but can still be transmitted to others in the absence of symptoms. Infection with HSV-2 increases the risk of acquiring and transmitting HIV infection.
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The herpes simplex virus is categorized into 2 types: herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2). HSV-1 is mainly transmitted by oral-to-oral contact to cause oral herpes (which can include symptoms known as “cold sores”), but can also cause genital herpes.
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Transmission. HSV-1 is mainly transmitted by oral-to-oral contact to cause oral herpes infection, via contact with the HSV-1 virus in sores, saliva, and surfaces in or around the mouth. However, HSV-1 can also be transmitted to the genital area through oral-genital contact to cause genital herpes.
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On average, the risk for women acquiring HSV-2 sexually from an infected partner is about 10 percent per year, though there is a large range — from 7 percent to 31 percent — in different studies. For uninfected men, the risk of sexually acquiring HSV-2 from an infected woman is about 4 percent per year.
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Most HSV infections in newborns are caused by HSV-2 that the infant catches from the mother's birth canal. Newborns can sometimes get HSV-1 from close contact with someone who is shedding HSV-1 virus in their saliva or has an active HSV-1 outbreak (cold sores).
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Cold sores are caused by infection with specific strains of HSV. HSV-1 is the strain that most commonly causes cold sores. However, HSV-2, the strain that causes genital herpes, can also cause cold sores. HSV is very contagious.